CN111465526B - Battery module using optical communication - Google Patents

Battery module using optical communication Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111465526B
CN111465526B CN201880082328.9A CN201880082328A CN111465526B CN 111465526 B CN111465526 B CN 111465526B CN 201880082328 A CN201880082328 A CN 201880082328A CN 111465526 B CN111465526 B CN 111465526B
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Prior art keywords
optical
battery module
measuring device
host
assigned
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CN201880082328.9A
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CN111465526A (en
Inventor
S·施密特
C·维克
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C23/00—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems
    • G08C23/04—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems using light waves, e.g. infrared
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27—Arrangements for networking
    • H04B10/278—Bus-type networks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery module (100), wherein the battery module (100) has a plurality of battery cells (1), wherein groups (A-C) of the battery cells (1) are each assigned a measuring device (2A-2C) having a data transmission device, wherein the battery module (100) has at least one host (5) having an interface (6) to a battery management control device, wherein the data transmission device and the at least one host (5) comprise an optical transmission path, wherein the optical transmission path comprises in each case a light conductor (7, 8) to which two adjacent measuring devices or one measuring device and the host are assigned.

Description

Battery module using optical communication
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a battery module.
Background
Battery modules are used, for example, in electric vehicles as a component of traction batteries. In this case, a battery module has a plurality of battery cells which are connected in series and/or in parallel, wherein a plurality of battery modules are connected in series and/or in parallel in order to form a battery unit having the desired voltage and capacitance. The individual battery modules are connected in a data-technical manner to a central control unit, i.e. a battery management control unit. The data connection between the control device of the battery module and the central battery management control device is designed, for example, as a CAN bus. In the battery module, measuring devices are assigned to groups of battery cells, for example, which detect the voltage and the temperature of the assigned battery cells and transmit these to a central control device of the battery module. The central control device can also transmit control commands to the measuring devices, for example to perform cell balancing. This central control device of the battery module may also be referred to as a host. The data transmission between the measuring devices and the host can be electrical or optical.
DE 10 2009 058 879 A1 discloses an electrical energy storage system of this type for an electric vehicle, which comprises a plurality of electrical components and data transmission means for transmitting data signals of and/or to at least one of the components. The data transmission devices comprise at least one transmission path for electromagnetic radiation for data transmission. Preferably, the at least one transmission path is designed as an optical waveguide for optical data signal transmission, wherein preferably the optical waveguide is connected to the component concerned by means of a plug connector. Further, there is also disclosed: at least one transmission path is designed as an optocoupler.
DE 10 2012 202 A1 discloses a vehicle having a data bus system and a high-voltage electrical energy store which is integrated into the data bus system of the vehicle and which has an energy store management unit and at least one battery module. The energy storage management unit is connected to a data bus system of the vehicle. Furthermore, the at least one battery module is assigned a battery electronic monitoring unit, wherein an optical data bus system connects the energy storage management unit and the battery monitoring unit to one another.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem on which the invention is based is that: a battery module having an alternative transmission path for data is provided.
The solution to this technical problem is obtained by the battery module provided by the present invention. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are also provided in the present disclosure.
The battery module has a plurality of battery cells, wherein groups of the battery cells are each assigned a measuring device having a data transmission device. The battery module has at least one host machine which has an interface with a battery management control device, wherein the data transmission means and the at least one host machine are optical transmission paths. The optical transmission paths each comprise an optical waveguide, which is assigned to two adjacent measuring devices or to one measuring device and the host. The advantages of such a Daisy Chain (Daisy Chain) network with segmented optical conductors are: the data transmission associated therewith is similar to an electrical data transmission. Thus, the electronics printed circuit board can be largely continued to be used with its logic circuitry, wherein only conversion from electrical signals to optical signals or vice versa has to be effected. A group contains, for example, 4 to 12 battery cells. The interface of the host computer to the bus system is preferably designed as a CAN interface. Alternatively, the interface can also be designed as a FlexRay interface. However, the interface may also be a radio interface or an optical interface. These measuring devices may additionally have a control unit in order to perform cell balancing.
In one embodiment, the optical transmitter of one of the measuring devices and the optical receiver of the other measuring device are each assigned to a respective optical waveguide, wherein the master and the last measuring device are assigned optical waveguides such that a ring structure is formed.
In an alternative embodiment, the optical transmitter and the optical receiver of one measuring device are each assigned to a corresponding optical waveguide and the optical transmitter and the optical receiver of the other measuring device are each assigned to a corresponding optical waveguide, wherein the transmitters and receivers of the measuring devices are designed to couple light in and out of the two optical waveguides. Via this, an open loop link is realized, which is partly faster than the ring structure.
In one embodiment, the measuring devices each have two optical transmitters and two optical receivers, wherein one transmitter and one receiver are each assigned to one optical waveguide. The assignment to two light conductors can thus be realized very simply, although the number of components required increases.
In an alternative embodiment, the transmitters and receivers are designed such that the radiation and reception properties of these transmitters and receivers can be varied, so that the number of components is minimized.
In one embodiment, these light guides are designed as plexiglass plates, which is very advantageous, in particular for cost reasons.
In an alternative embodiment, the battery module has a plurality of battery cells, wherein groups of battery cells are each assigned a measuring device having a data transmission device, wherein the battery module has at least one host having an interface with a battery management control device, wherein the data transmission devices and the at least one host comprise optical transmission paths, wherein the transmission paths between the measuring devices and the host are designed as optical free-space transmissions, wherein the data transmission devices are designed such that the measuring devices communicate bidirectionally directly with the host. In this way, extremely fast communication can be achieved, which is very compact, since the optical waveguide can be completely omitted.
In an alternative embodiment, the battery module has a plurality of battery cells, wherein groups of battery cells are each assigned a measuring device having a data transmission device, wherein the battery module has at least one host having an interface with a battery management control device, wherein the data transmission device and the at least one host comprise an optical transmission path, wherein the transmission path between the measuring devices and the host is realized by means of a common optical waveguide, wherein the measuring devices and the host are configured as a mesh optical network. This allows for very robust and fast data transmission, since the mesh network is usually self-healing. Here, it can be preferably provided that: the measurement devices and the host are configured as a fully meshed optical network. Preferably, the light conductor used for the mesh network is a plexiglas plate.
A preferred field of application of the battery module is in traction battery packs of electric vehicles.
Drawings
The invention will be further elucidated hereinafter on the basis of preferred embodiments. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a partial schematic view of a battery module in a first embodiment;
fig. 2 shows a partial schematic view of a battery module in a second embodiment;
fig. 3 shows a partial schematic view of a battery module in a third embodiment;
fig. 4 shows a partial schematic view of a battery module in a fourth embodiment; while
Fig. 5 shows a partial schematic view of a battery module in a fifth embodiment.
Detailed Description
A portion of a battery module 100 is schematically shown in fig. 1. The battery module 100 has a plurality of battery cells 1 connected in series. Additionally, the battery cells 1 may also be connected in parallel, but this is not shown for reasons of clarity. The battery cells 1 are divided into groups, wherein, for example, groups a, B, C are provided, which are each assigned a measuring device 2A, 2B, 2C. The measuring devices 2A to 2C each have an optical transmitter 3, which is designed, for example, as an LED. The measuring devices 2A to 2C each also have an optical receiver 4, which is embodied, for example, as a phototransistor. The battery module 100 also has a host 5, which likewise has an optical transmitter 3 and an optical receiver 4. Additionally, the host 5 has an interface 6 with a battery management control device, not shown. The battery module 100 has a plurality of light conductors 7, 8, which are embodied, for example, as plexiglass plates.
The optical conductors 7 are each arranged in such a way that one optical conductor 7 is assigned to the optical transmitter 3 of the host 5 or of the measuring device 2A-2B and to the optical receiver 4 of the adjacent measuring device 2A-2C. The optical transmitter 3 of the last measuring device 2C is coupled to the optical receiver 4 of the host computer 5 via an optical waveguide 8.
If, for example, the master 5 now wants to transmit control commands to the measuring device 2C, the master 5 transmits the control commands to the measuring device 2A by means of its optical transmitter 3 via the first optical conductor 7. An optical control instruction is received at the measuring device 2A and ascertained that the optical control instruction was determined for the measuring device 2C. Then, the measuring device 2A continues to send control commands to the measuring device 2B and the measuring device 2B then finally sends control commands to the measuring device 2C. The measuring devices 2A-2C forward their measurement data to the host 5 in the same way. Thus, a ring-shaped structure exists.
An alternative embodiment of the battery module 100 is shown in fig. 2, wherein the battery cells 1 are not shown. In contrast to the embodiment according to fig. 1, the optical transmitter 3 and the optical receiver 4 of the measuring device 2A, 2B can change their transmission characteristics or their reception characteristics in such a way that they can transmit in both directions and can receive from both directions.
Fig. 3 shows a similar embodiment to that of fig. 2, with the difference that the two measuring devices 2A, 2B each have two optical transmitters 3 and two optical receivers 4. This requires more components, but the optical transmitter 3 and the optical receiver 4 no longer have to be able to change their characteristics.
Fig. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a battery module 100, in which the transmission path between the measuring devices 2A-2C and the main unit 5 is designed as an optical free-space transmission, wherein the communication is bidirectional. In this case, use can be made of the housing wall 9 on which the optical signal is reflected.
Finally, in fig. 5 a fifth embodiment of a battery module 100 is shown, wherein the transmission path between the measuring devices 2A-2C and the host 5 is realized by a common optical waveguide 10, wherein the measuring devices 2A-2C and the host 5 are configured as a mesh optical network. In a Mesh network (english Mesh), each network node is connected to one or more other nodes. A full mesh network is said to be if each node is connected to every other node.
To illustrate the operating mode, the starting points are: the measuring devices 2A-2C and the host constitute a fully meshed network. In this case, each measuring device 2A-2C can communicate directly with the host 5 and vice versa. The communication is preferably carried out by means of a handshake (Hand-Shake) method. Thus, a failure of one measuring device 2A-2C does not lead to a total failure, but only the damaged measuring device no longer provides data or cannot receive control commands.
If the network is now not fully meshed, then it only has to be ensured that: the measuring devices 2A-2C may communicate with two or more adjacent measuring devices on each side, so that in this way damaged measuring devices may be skipped.
If, for example, measuring device 2C attempts to transmit data to host 5, these data are also received by measuring devices 2B and 2A, wherein these measuring devices 2B and 2A recognize that these data are not determined for them. The measuring devices 2B, 2A now temporarily store the data of the measuring device 2C. If the host 5 then sends an acknowledgement signal to the measuring device 2C, this acknowledgement signal is also received by the measuring devices 2A, 2B and the temporarily stored data can be deleted. If the measuring device 2A, 2B does not receive an acknowledgement signal, the measuring device 2A and/or 2B can retransmit the buffered data of the measuring device 2C and wait for the host 5 to now acknowledge the reception. Thus, such mesh networks are very robust against failure and transmission problems. It should be noted here that: all nodes can transmit in all directions, where the nodes also allow simultaneous transmission. The optical waveguide 10 is preferably designed as a plexiglas plate.

Claims (8)

1. A battery module (100), wherein the battery module (100) has a plurality of battery cells (1), wherein groups (A-C) of battery cells (1) are each assigned a measuring device (2A-2C) having a data transmission device, wherein the battery module (100) has at least one host (5) having an interface (6) with a battery management control device, wherein the data transmission devices and the at least one host (5) comprise optical transmission paths,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the optical transmission paths each comprise an optical conductor (7, 8) which is assigned to two adjacent measuring devices or to one measuring device and the main unit, and
the optical transmitter (3) of one measuring device and the optical receiver (4) of the other measuring device are each assigned to a respective optical conductor, wherein the master (5) and the last measuring device are assigned to optical conductors.
2. The battery module as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the optical transmitter (3) and the optical receiver (4) of one measuring device are each assigned to a respective optical conductor and the optical transmitter (3) and the optical receiver (4) of the other measuring device are each assigned to a respective optical conductor, wherein the optical transmitter (3) and the optical receiver (4) of the measuring device are designed to couple light in and out of the two optical conductors, respectively.
3. The battery module as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the measuring device has two optical transmitters (3) and two optical receivers (4), respectively, wherein one optical transmitter (3) and one optical receiver (4) are each assigned to one optical waveguide.
4. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the optical transmitter (3) and the optical receiver (4) are configured such that their radiation and reception characteristics can be varied.
5. The battery module as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light conductors (7, 8) are constructed as plexiglas plates.
6. A battery module (100), wherein the battery module (100) has a plurality of battery cells (1), wherein groups (A-C) of battery cells (1) are each assigned a measuring device (2A-2C) having a data transmission device, wherein the battery module (100) has at least one host (5) having an interface (6) with a battery management control device, wherein the data transmission devices and the at least one host (5) comprise optical transmission paths,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the transmission path between the measuring device (2A-2C) and the host computer (5) is designed as an optical free-space transmission, wherein the data transmission device is designed such that the measuring device (2A-2C) communicates directly bidirectionally with the host computer (5).
7. A battery module (100), wherein the battery module (100) has a plurality of battery cells (1), wherein groups (A-C) of battery cells (1) are each assigned a measuring device (2A-2C) having a data transmission device, wherein the battery module (100) has at least one host (5) having an interface with a battery management control device, wherein the data transmission devices and the at least one host (5) comprise optical transmission paths,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the transmission path between the measuring device (2A-2C) and the host (5) is realized by a common optical waveguide (10), wherein the measuring device (2A-2C) and the host (5) are configured as a mesh optical network.
8. The battery module (100) according to claim 7, wherein the measurement device (2A-2C) and the host (5) are configured as a full mesh optical network.
CN201880082328.9A 2017-12-22 2018-12-20 Battery module using optical communication Active CN111465526B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017223665.5 2017-12-22
DE102017223665.5A DE102017223665A1 (en) 2017-12-22 2017-12-22 Electric battery module
PCT/EP2018/086072 WO2019122064A1 (en) 2017-12-22 2018-12-20 Electrical battery module using optical communication

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CN111465526A CN111465526A (en) 2020-07-28
CN111465526B true CN111465526B (en) 2023-03-31

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KR (1) KR102454578B1 (en)
CN (1) CN111465526B (en)
DE (1) DE102017223665A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2019122064A1 (en)

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KR20210036754A (en) * 2019-09-26 2021-04-05 주식회사 엘지화학 Battery back
FR3107397B1 (en) * 2020-02-19 2022-02-11 Accumulateurs Fixes OPTICAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN BATTERY MODULES
FR3109246B1 (en) * 2020-04-14 2023-10-27 Commissariat Energie Atomique Communication system in an electric battery
US11848704B2 (en) 2020-04-15 2023-12-19 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. System and method for communication between modules of a battery system
KR20210149482A (en) * 2020-06-02 2021-12-09 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 A battery rack with optimization structure for wireless communication and energy storage device including the same

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DE102012202690A1 (en) 2012-02-22 2013-08-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vehicle e.g. electric car, has electronic cell monitoring unit attached to cell module, and storage managing unit and electronic cell monitoring unit interconnected with each other by time-synchronized optical data bus system
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KR102454578B1 (en) 2022-10-13
WO2019122064A1 (en) 2019-06-27
DE102017223665A1 (en) 2019-06-27
KR20200095558A (en) 2020-08-10

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