CN111465270B - Heat radiation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation - Google Patents
Heat radiation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111465270B CN111465270B CN202010297145.8A CN202010297145A CN111465270B CN 111465270 B CN111465270 B CN 111465270B CN 202010297145 A CN202010297145 A CN 202010297145A CN 111465270 B CN111465270 B CN 111465270B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/20836—Thermal management, e.g. server temperature control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
- H05K7/20827—Liquid cooling with phase change within rooms for removing heat from cabinets, e.g. air conditioning devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation, which belongs to the technical field of energy conservation. The heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation is simple in structure and convenient to set, can effectively utilize night radiation, can realize all-weather heat dissipation of a machine room and a data center cabinet without arranging additional cooling equipment, reduces the setting cost of the heat dissipation system in the machine room, avoids additional consumption of high-grade energy, is high in stability and continuity in system operation, and has good application prospect and popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation, and particularly relates to a heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation.
Background
In recent years, with the development of technologies such as big data and cloud computing, data centers have become important infrastructures in modern society, the number and scale of the data centers are larger, and the required and correspondingly consumed energy is increased. Among them, the energy consumption of the cooling system of the data center is about 20% to 50% of the energy consumption of the data center. In addition, as the size of the data center increases, the heat density inside the data center also increases, and both the servers in the racks and the heat generating components in the servers are developing toward higher integration, which undoubtedly makes the data center face more serious heat dissipation problem. How to effectively realize efficient heat dissipation of the cabinet is the key to reduce energy consumption of the data center.
To the heat dissipation problem of data center rack, current technique mainly has two kinds: the first is that the form that utilizes air conditioning system to send cold wind cools off whole computer lab, and cold computer lab after-cooling rack earlier promptly, and this kind of cooling method energy consumption is high and efficient lower, and is limited to the rack of high density that generates heat, hardly satisfies the heat dissipation demand of rack. Correspondingly, another technology is that a heat exchange device at the cabinet level is placed at the tail end of the cabinet, then a cooling medium is led to each heat exchange device, and a refrigerant is driven by a compressor device to exchange heat; compared with the mode of cooling the whole room, the cooling mode is more energy-saving, but more cooling equipment needs to be arranged, the space of a machine room is greatly occupied, and the setting cost of the data center is increased. For example, in patent application CN 105188316 a, a dual-system heat pipe back plate heat removal system for mutual backup cabinets is disclosed, which utilizes a combination of a cold source unit mainly including an air-cooled condenser or a cooling tower and a mechanical cold source unit, and can solve the problem of heat dissipation of a data center cabinet to a certain extent and improve the use environment of the data center cabinet. However, since the system needs to use high-grade energy as power sources of a water pump, a fan and the like during operation, energy consumption is additionally increased, and the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction cannot be fully met.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of one or more of the above defects or needs for improvement in the prior art, the present invention provides a heat dissipation system based on phase change thermal storage and night radiation, wherein the heat dissipation system utilizes the heat absorption and release principle of phase change materials and night sky radiation, and can effectively realize all-weather heat dissipation of a heat generating unit (such as a data center cabinet) without utilizing additional high-grade energy, save energy, reduce power consumption and heat dissipation cost of equipment, and meet the requirements of energy saving and emission reduction.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation, which includes a heat absorption unit disposed on a heat generation unit, a heat storage unit disposed corresponding to the heat absorption unit, and a heat dissipation unit disposed outdoors;
a first sealing cavity is arranged in the heat absorption unit, a heat absorption pipe with two ends respectively extending out of the top and the bottom of the heat absorption unit is arranged in the first sealing cavity, and a first phase change material is packaged in the first sealing cavity on the periphery of the heat absorption pipe;
a second sealed cavity is arranged in the heat storage unit, a second phase change material is packaged in the second sealed cavity, and a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger are arranged in the second sealed cavity at intervals;
the radiating unit comprises a radiating cooling plate which can be used for absorbing radiation at night, a radiating pipe is arranged in the radiating cooling plate, and two ends of the radiating pipe respectively extend out of the radiating cooling plate;
meanwhile, a first main pipe and a second main pipe are arranged between the heat absorption unit and the heat storage unit, and a third main pipe and a fourth main pipe are arranged between the heat dissipation unit and the heat storage unit; two ends of the heat absorption pipe are respectively connected with one ends of the first main pipe and the second main pipe, and the other ends of the two main pipes respectively extend into the second sealing cavity and are connected with two ends of the first heat exchanger to form a first circulation pipeline; two ends of the radiating pipe are respectively connected with one ends of the third main pipe and the fourth main pipe, and the other ends of the third main pipe and the fourth main pipe respectively extend into the second sealing cavity and are connected with two ends of the second heat exchanger to form a second circulating pipeline;
the heat exchanger comprises a first circulation pipeline, a second circulation pipeline and a heat exchange pipeline, wherein the first circulation pipeline is internally packaged with a first heat exchange working medium, the second circulation pipeline is packaged with a second heat exchange working medium, the two heat exchange working media are refrigerants, the working temperatures of the two heat exchange working media are set according to the phase change temperatures of the two phase change materials, and the phase change temperature of the first phase change material, the working temperature of the first heat exchange working medium, the phase change temperature of the second phase change material and the working temperature of the second heat exchange working medium are sequentially reduced.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the heat absorbing unit is provided in plurality, and the heat absorbing pipes are provided in parallel between the first trunk pipe and the second trunk pipe.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of the heat generating units is multiple, and the heat absorbing unit on each heat generating unit is arranged in parallel between the first main pipe and the second main pipe.
As a further improvement of the invention, the heat absorbing pipe and/or the heat radiating pipe are arranged in a coil pipe.
As a further improvement of the invention, the phase change temperature of the first phase change material is 31-33 ℃, the phase change temperature of the first heat exchange working medium is 29-31 ℃, the phase change temperature of the second phase change material is 27-29 ℃, and the phase change temperature of the second heat exchange working medium is 25-27 ℃.
As a further development of the invention, the first phase change material and/or the second phase change material is an inorganic phase change material.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the heat exchange area of the second heat exchanger in contact with the second phase change material is larger than the heat exchange area of the first heat exchanger in contact with the second phase change material.
As a further improvement of the invention, the phase change temperature difference between the second phase change material and the first heat exchange working medium is smaller than the phase change temperature difference between the second phase change material and the second heat exchange working medium.
As a further development of the invention, the second and fourth main pipe are designed as gravity heat pipes.
As a further improvement of the invention, the arrangement height of the heat dissipation unit is higher than that of the heat storage unit, and the arrangement height of the heat storage unit is higher than that of the heat generating unit.
The above-described improved technical features may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation, the heat absorption unit, the heat storage unit and the heat dissipation unit are arranged corresponding to the heating unit, the first circulation pipeline and the second circulation pipeline are formed by communicating the heat absorption unit, the heat storage unit and the heat dissipation unit through the corresponding arrangement of the main pipes, the heat exchange materials in the units and the circulation pipelines are preferably arranged, and the heat is stored and transferred in the corresponding phase change materials, so that the continuous bringing-out of the heat generated by the heating unit is effectively realized, the continuous heat dissipation of the heating unit is realized, the setting cost of the heat dissipation system is reduced, and the working stability of the heating unit is effectively guaranteed;
(2) according to the heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation, the heat storage efficiency and the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat storage unit during working at night can be effectively adjusted by preferably setting the heat exchange area of the two heat exchangers in the heat storage unit, the material of the two heat exchangers and the heat exchange temperature difference between the second phase change material in the heat storage unit and the two heat exchange working media, so that the heat storage unit is in a state without heat storage or in a state with a small amount of heat storage when stopping heat dissipation in the day, the stability and the reliability of long-time working of the heat storage unit are further ensured, and the long-time continuous operation of the heat dissipation system is realized;
(3) according to the heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation, the second main pipe and the fourth main pipe are arranged in the gravity heat pipe mode, so that the working medium converted from a gas state to a liquid state can be circulated under the driving of self weight, the arrangement of an additional driving mechanism is avoided, the energy-saving effect of the heat dissipation system is further improved, and the energy consumption of the heat dissipation system during working is reduced;
(4) the heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation is simple in structure and convenient to set, can effectively utilize night radiation, can realize all-weather heat dissipation of a machine room and a data center cabinet without setting extra cooling equipment, reduces occupation of space of the machine room when the heat dissipation system is set, reduces setting cost when the heat dissipation system and the cooling system are set in the machine room, avoids extra consumption of high-grade energy, is high in stability and continuity in system work, obvious in energy conservation and emission reduction effects, can fully meet heat dissipation requirements of the machine room and the data center cabinet, and has good application prospect and popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a heat dissipation system based on phase change thermal storage and nighttime radiation in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat absorbing unit of the heat dissipating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat storage unit of the heat dissipation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation unit of the heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in all the figures, the same reference numerals denote the same features, in particular: 1. the heat-absorbing plate comprises a heating unit, 2, a heat-absorbing unit, 201, a plate body, 202, a first phase change material, 203, a heat-absorbing pipe; 3. a heat storage unit, 301, a case, 302, a second phase change material, 303, a first heat exchanger, 304, a second heat exchanger; 4. a heat dissipation unit, 401, a radiation cooling plate, 402, a heat dissipation pipe; 5. the heat exchanger comprises a first main pipe, 6, a second main pipe, 7, a third main pipe, 8, a fourth main pipe, 9, a first heat exchange working medium and 10, a second heat exchange working medium.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1, a heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation in a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a heat absorption unit 2, a heat storage unit 3, and a heat dissipation unit 5, which are disposed corresponding to a heating unit 1, and the units are connected by corresponding pipelines to form at least two working medium circulation loops, thereby completing the processes of taking out, storing, and dissipating heat generated by the heating unit 1, and ensuring that the heating unit 1 can continuously work and dissipate heat for 24 hours all day.
In actual operation, the working process is as follows: in the daytime, when the heating unit 1 works, the heat generated by the heating unit is transferred to the heat absorption unit 2, the heat is transferred to the heat storage unit 3 through the heat transfer working medium in the pipeline matched with the heat absorption unit 2, and the heat is stored by the heat storage unit 3, namely, the heat storage unit 3 is converted from a low-heat state to a high-heat state; at night, the heat stored in the heat storage unit 3 in the daytime is taken away by the heat dissipation working medium in the heat dissipation unit 5 through the heat storage unit 3, so that the heat storage unit 3 starts to convert from a high heat state to a low heat state.
Specifically, the heat generating unit 1 in the preferred embodiment is a box structure, such as a data center cabinet, as shown in fig. 1. At this time, the heat absorbing unit 2 is disposed on the side of the cabinet where the exhaust hole is opened, such as the back of the cabinet shown in fig. 1. Of course, the heat absorbing unit 2 may be disposed on other side surfaces of the cabinet, and the number of the heat absorbing units 2 may be one or multiple units disposed on multiple side surfaces.
Further, the heat absorbing unit 2 in the preferred embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and is preferably configured as a vertically arranged plate body structure, namely, a plate body 201, wherein the plate body 201 is hollow and has a closed inner cavity with a certain size; meanwhile, a heat absorption tube 203 is further arranged in the closed inner cavity, and two ends of the heat absorption tube 203 respectively extend out of the top and the bottom of the plate body 201 and are used for matching and communicating with corresponding pipelines. In addition, the first phase change material 202 is encapsulated in the closed inner cavity at the periphery of the pipeline of the heat absorbing pipe 203, so that the heat absorbing pipe 203 can be coated by the first phase change material 202 to realize the heat transfer from the first phase change material 202 to the heat absorbing pipe 203. In order to increase the efficiency of the heat transfer from the first phase change material 202 to the heat absorbing tube 203, the heat absorbing tube 203 in the preferred embodiment is arranged in the form of a coil as shown in fig. 2 to increase the length of the first phase change material 202 in actual contact with the heat absorbing tube 203.
Further, the heat storage unit 3 in the preferred embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and is preferably configured as a box structure, including a box 301 as shown in fig. 1, where the box 301 has a closed inner cavity, and the inner cavity is enclosed with a second phase change material 302, a first heat exchanger 303 and a second heat exchanger 304, and the second phase change material 302 is wrapped around the two heat exchangers (303, 304) to facilitate heat exchange between the two heat exchangers.
Further, a first main pipe 5 and a second main pipe 6 are provided corresponding to the heat absorbing unit 2 and the first heat exchanger 303. One end of the first main pipe 5 extends into the inner cavity of the heat storage unit 3 and is communicated with one end of the first heat exchanger 303, and the other end of the first main pipe 5 is communicated with one end of the heat absorption pipe 203 extending out of the top of the plate body 201. Accordingly, one end of the second main pipe 6 extends into the inner cavity of the heat storage unit 3 and is communicated with the other end of the first heat exchanger 303, and the other end of the second main pipe 6 is communicated with one end of the heat absorption pipe 203 extending out of the bottom of the plate body 201. So far, the heat absorbing pipe 203, the first main pipe 5, the first heat exchanger 303 and the second main pipe 6 are sequentially communicated to form a closed loop, namely a first circulation pipeline, on the basis, a first heat exchange working medium 9 is introduced into the first circulation pipeline, and the heat in the heat absorbing unit 2 can be taken away and the heat can be stored in the heat storage unit 3 sequentially through circulation of the first heat exchange working medium in the first circulation pipeline.
Meanwhile, a third main pipe 7 and a fourth main pipe 8 are provided corresponding to the heat radiating unit 4 and the second heat exchanger 304. One end of the third main pipe 7 extends into the inner cavity of the heat storage unit 3 and is communicated with one end of the second heat exchanger 304, and the other end of the third main pipe 7 is communicated with one end of the heat dissipation pipe 402 in the heat dissipation unit 4. Accordingly, one end of the fourth main pipe 8 extends into the inner cavity of the heat storage unit 3 and communicates with the other end of the second heat exchanger 304, and the other end of the fourth main pipe 8 communicates with the other end of the heat radiating pipe 402. To this end, the second heat exchanger 304, the third main pipe 7, the heat dissipation pipe 402, and the fourth main pipe 8 are sequentially connected to form a closed loop, i.e., a second circulation pipeline, on the basis, the second heat exchange working medium 10 is introduced into the second circulation pipeline, and the heat stored in the heat storage unit 3 can be taken away and the heat can be dissipated from the heat dissipation unit 4 sequentially through the circulation of the second heat exchange working medium in the second circulation pipeline.
More specifically, the radiating unit 4 in the preferred embodiment is disposed outdoors, and includes a radiation cooling plate 401 and a radiating pipe 402 disposed in the radiation cooling plate 401, and both ends of the radiating pipe 402 protrude out of the radiation cooling plate 401, respectively, for the convenience of pipe connection. Meanwhile, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipe 402, the heat dissipation pipe 402 in the preferred embodiment is configured in a coil form to increase the flow path of the second heat exchange working medium 10 in the radiation cooling plate 401, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.
Further, the two heat exchange working mediums in the preferred embodiment are refrigerants, such as R22 type refrigerants, R600a type refrigerants and the like, the refrigerant has excellent thermodynamic characteristics, is widely applied to various refrigeration and heat dissipation systems, and realizes heat transfer through state conversion (i.e. gas-liquid conversion) of the heat exchange working mediums. Meanwhile, in order to realize the heat transfer and storage, the phase change temperature of each phase change material and the working temperature (i.e., the evaporation/condensation temperature) of each heat exchange working medium should satisfy the following temperature gradient requirement, i.e., the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 202 is greater than the working temperature of the first heat exchange working medium 9, the working temperature of the first heat exchange working medium 9 is greater than the phase change temperature of the second phase change material 302, and the phase change temperature of the second phase change material 302 is greater than the working temperature of the second heat exchange working medium 10.
In a preferred embodiment, the first phase change material 202 is arranged to meet the condition that the phase change temperature is between 31 and 33 ℃ (for example, 32 ℃), the first heat exchange working medium 9 is arranged to meet the condition that the working temperature is between 29 and 31 ℃ (for example, 30 ℃), the second phase change material 302 is arranged to meet the condition that the phase change temperature is between 27 and 29 ℃ (for example, 28 ℃), and the second heat exchange working medium 10 is arranged to meet the condition that the working temperature is between 25 and 27 ℃ (for example, 26 ℃). Through the design of the temperature gradient, the heat of the heating unit 1 can be continuously transferred to the heat storage unit 3, and the heat dissipation is realized at night.
In addition, the setting of the phase transition temperature of the first phase change material 301 and the second phase change material 302 can be realized by selecting different phase change materials; the setting of the working temperature of the heat exchange working medium can be realized by selecting different working medium materials or changing the setting conditions of the heat exchange working medium, for example, the pressure in the first circulation pipeline and the pressure in the second circulation pipeline are correspondingly set, and the working temperature of the heat exchange working medium is correspondingly adjusted by utilizing the difference of the evaporation/condensation temperature of the heat exchange working medium under different packaging pressures.
Meanwhile, the second main pipe 6 and the fourth main pipe 8 in the preferred embodiment are designed in the form of gravity heat pipes, and the first main pipe 5 and the third main pipe 7 are arranged, so that the two circulation pipelines can be in a separated gravity heat pipe structure. The separated type means that in the same circulation pipeline, the working medium is converted into the state in different sections of the pipeline, for example, the first heat exchange working medium 9 is converted into the gas state from the liquid state at the heat absorption unit 2 and the first main pipe 5, and is converted into the liquid state from the gas state at the heat storage unit 3 and the second main pipe 6. The gravity heat pipe means that the working medium after state conversion is driven without external power and can be circulated only by the self-weight drive, for example, the vertical height of the second main pipe 6 is reduced from one end connected with the first heat exchanger 303 to the other end in sequence (the situation that some sections are temporarily horizontally arranged is not excluded), that is, the vertical height of the end part of the second main pipe 6 connected with the heat absorption pipe 203 is not more than the vertical height of the rest sections of the main pipe and is always lower than the vertical height of the other end. The fourth main pipe 8 is arranged similarly, and the gravity assisted heat pipe can be realized by optimizing the arrangement heights among the heat generating unit 1, the heat storage unit 3 and the heat dissipation unit 4, namely, the heat storage unit 3 is arranged at a height higher than that of the heat generating unit 1, and the heat dissipation unit 4 is arranged at a height higher than that of the heat storage unit 3.
Through the arrangement, the working medium converted into the liquid state from the gaseous state can be circulated for a new round under the driving of the dead weight of the working medium, the arrangement of an additional driving device is not needed, and the energy consumption is saved to a certain extent. However, in practice, in order to ensure a stable working medium circulation in the respective circulation line, at least one working medium circulation means, such as a working medium pump, is provided on the circulation line.
Further preferably, the heating units 1 aimed by the heat dissipation system are a plurality of heating units arranged in parallel, for example, a plurality of data center cabinets arranged in parallel in a machine room, each data center cabinet is provided with at least one heat absorption unit 2, and each heat absorption unit 2 is communicated with the first main pipe 5 and the second main pipe 6 in a parallel manner, so that heat on each heating unit 1 is taken away. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the heat storage effect of the heat storage unit 3, the size of the heat storage unit 3 in the preferred embodiment can be set according to the storage requirement, and a plurality of heat storage units 3 connected in series in sequence can also be set according to the actual requirement, so as to ensure the heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation system.
Through the corresponding arrangement of the components and units, the working principle and the process of the obtained heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation are as follows:
(1) during the day, the heat generating unit 1 continuously operates and continuously generates heat, and the heat is correspondingly transferred to the heat absorbing unit 2, so that the first phase change material 202 in the heat absorbing unit 2 absorbs heat and is stored in a latent heat manner. Meanwhile, the first heat exchange working medium 9 in the liquid state in the heat absorption pipe 203 starts to absorb heat and evaporate into a gas state, under the action of buoyancy, the first heat exchange working medium passes through the first main pipe 5 and enters the heat storage unit 3, under the high-efficiency heat exchange of the first heat exchanger 303, the heat is exchanged into the second phase change material 302, at the moment, the second phase change material 302 absorbs the heat to perform a phase change reaction, the first heat exchange working medium 9 releases heat and is converted into the liquid state from the gas state, and then flows into the second main pipe 6, and flows back to the bottom of the heat absorption unit 2 under the action of gravity, latent heat stored in the first phase change material 202 is absorbed again, and a new round of heat transfer cycle is started. The heat dissipation of the heating unit 1 in the daytime can be realized by the reciprocating circulation, and the heat taken away by the first heat exchange working medium 9 is continuously stored in the heat storage unit 3.
It should be noted that, in daytime, because the outdoor temperature is higher, at this time, the second heat exchange working medium 10 in the second circulation pipeline is always in a gaseous state, the second circulation pipeline and the heat dissipation unit 4 are in an inoperative state, and only the components on the first circulation pipeline normally operate and the heat storage unit 3 continuously stores heat.
(2) At night, the outdoor temperature is continuously reduced, the second heat exchange working medium 10 flowing through the radiation cooling plate 401 starts to absorb night sky radiation to reduce the temperature and condense, and a liquid working medium flows into the fourth main pipe 8 and then flows into the heat dissipation unit 4. When the second heat exchange medium 10 in the liquid state flows through the second heat exchanger 304, the second heat exchanger 304 exchanges heat from the second phase change material 302 to the second heat exchange medium 10. At this time, the second phase change material 302 is continuously condensed into a liquid state due to continuous heat release, the second heat exchange working medium 10 is continuously evaporated into a gaseous state due to continuous heat absorption, and then the gaseous second heat exchange working medium 10 enters the heat dissipation unit 4 through the third main pipe 7, is continuously condensed into a liquid state due to continuous absorption of sky radiation at night by the radiation cooling plate 401, and is circulated in the next round through the fourth main pipe 8.
Obviously, through the corresponding work of each component on the second circulation pipeline and the second heat exchange working medium 10 at night, the heat stored in the heat storage unit 3 can be continuously dissipated to the atmosphere through the heat dissipation unit 4, and the continuous heat dissipation process is completed. It can be seen that, when the second circulation pipeline is in the working state to dissipate heat, the first circulation pipeline is also in the working state all the time to continuously store heat in the heat storage unit 3.
Obviously, in order to ensure the stability of the operation of the heat storage unit 3, in practical design, the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchanger 304 is greater than that of the first heat exchanger 303, so as to ensure that the heat storage unit 3 can be in or nearly in a state without storing heat when the second circulation pipeline stops operating in the daytime as much as possible. Under the general condition, the heat exchange efficiency among the heat exchange assemblies is related to factors such as heat exchange area of the heat exchanger, heat transfer performance of a heat exchanger material, heat exchange temperature difference and the like, the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger material is better when the area of the heat exchanger is larger, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is higher when the temperature difference between heat exchange substances is larger.
Therefore, in order to ensure the normal work of the heat storage unit 3, when a heat dissipation system is actually arranged, the heat storage and heat dissipation efficiency can be controlled by adjusting the structure and the material of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange efficiency of the two heat exchangers can be adjusted by optimizing the phase change temperature of the phase change material to change the heat exchange temperature difference between the phase change material and the heat exchange working medium. For example, when designing the heat dissipation system, the heat exchange area of the second heat exchanger 304 is increased by adding fins or the like so that the heat exchange area is larger than that of the first heat exchanger 303. Alternatively, the second heat exchanger 304 is made of a material with better heat transfer performance than the first heat exchanger 303 to improve the heat exchange efficiency. Or, the difference of the heat exchange temperature difference between the first phase-change material 202 and the heat exchange working medium is realized by optimally designing the phase-change temperatures of the second phase-change material 302. Further preferably, the phase change temperature of the first phase change material 301 is designed to be 31 ℃, the working temperature of the first heat exchange working medium 9 is designed to be 29 ℃, the phase change temperature of the second phase change material 302 is designed to be 28 ℃, the working temperature of the second heat exchange working medium 10 is designed to be 25 ℃, and the heat exchange effect of the second heat exchanger is better through the control of the heat exchange temperature difference. In addition, above-mentioned regulation design can select one of them alone when actual setting, also can choose multiple scheme for use simultaneously and integrate, for example the phase transition temperature of the material, the size of simultaneous control heat exchanger and phase transition material to this realizes the regulation of heat dissipation, heat-retaining efficiency, makes cooling system satisfy the demand of actual work.
In addition, above-mentioned regulation design can select one of them alone when actual setting, also can choose multiple scheme for use simultaneously and integrate, for example the phase transition temperature of the material, the size of simultaneous control heat exchanger and phase transition material to this realizes the regulation of heat dissipation, heat-retaining efficiency, makes cooling system satisfy the demand of actual work.
The heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation is simple in structure and convenient to set, extra cooling equipment is not needed, the occupation of the space of a machine room is avoided, the setting cost of the heat dissipation and cooling system of the machine room is reduced, in addition, the heat dissipation is realized by utilizing the night radiation, the extra consumption of high-grade energy is effectively avoided, the energy saving and emission reduction effects are obvious, in addition, the all-weather work of the whole heat dissipation system is effectively realized through the corresponding arrangement of the heat storage unit and the two heat exchange working media, the working stability of the system is high, the continuity is good, the heat dissipation requirements of the machine room and a data center cabinet can be fully met, and the heat dissipation system has better application prospect and popularization value.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A heat dissipation system based on phase change heat storage and night radiation is characterized by comprising a heat absorption unit arranged on a heating unit, a heat storage unit arranged corresponding to the heat absorption unit, and a heat dissipation unit arranged outdoors;
a first sealing cavity is arranged in the heat absorption unit, a heat absorption pipe with two ends respectively extending out of the top and the bottom of the heat absorption unit is arranged in the first sealing cavity, and a first phase change material is packaged in the first sealing cavity on the periphery of the heat absorption pipe;
a second sealed cavity is arranged in the heat storage unit, a second phase change material is packaged in the second sealed cavity, and a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger are arranged in the second sealed cavity at intervals;
the radiating unit comprises a radiating cooling plate which can be used for absorbing radiation at night, a radiating pipe is arranged in the radiating cooling plate, and two ends of the radiating pipe respectively extend out of the radiating cooling plate;
meanwhile, a first main pipe and a second main pipe are arranged between the heat absorption unit and the heat storage unit, and a third main pipe and a fourth main pipe are arranged between the heat dissipation unit and the heat storage unit; two ends of the heat absorption pipe are respectively connected with one ends of the first main pipe and the second main pipe, and the other ends of the two main pipes respectively extend into the second sealing cavity and are connected with two ends of the first heat exchanger to form a first circulation pipeline; two ends of the radiating pipe are respectively connected with one ends of the third main pipe and the fourth main pipe, and the other ends of the third main pipe and the fourth main pipe respectively extend into the second sealing cavity and are connected with two ends of the second heat exchanger to form a second circulating pipeline;
the heat exchanger comprises a first circulation pipeline, a second circulation pipeline and a heat exchange pipeline, wherein the first circulation pipeline is internally packaged with a first heat exchange working medium, the second circulation pipeline is packaged with a second heat exchange working medium, the two heat exchange working media are refrigerants, the working temperatures of the two heat exchange working media are set according to the phase change temperatures of the two phase change materials, and the phase change temperature of the first phase change material, the working temperature of the first heat exchange working medium, the phase change temperature of the second phase change material and the working temperature of the second heat exchange working medium are sequentially reduced.
2. The phase-change thermal storage and night radiation based heat dissipation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat generating unit is provided with a plurality of heat absorbing units, and a plurality of the heat absorbing pipes are provided in parallel between the first trunk pipe and the second trunk pipe.
3. The phase-change thermal storage and night radiation based heat dissipation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat generating units are plural, and the heat absorbing unit on each heat generating unit is arranged in parallel between the first trunk pipe and the second trunk pipe.
4. The phase change thermal storage and night radiation based heat dissipation system as defined in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the heat absorption tube and/or the heat dissipation tube are arranged in a coil.
5. The phase change thermal storage and night radiation based heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the phase change temperature of the first phase change material is 31-33 ℃, the phase change temperature of the first heat exchange fluid is 29-31 ℃, the phase change temperature of the second phase change material is 27-29 ℃, and the phase change temperature of the second heat exchange fluid is 25-27 ℃.
6. The phase change thermal storage and nighttime radiation based heat dissipation system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first phase change material and/or the second phase change material is an inorganic phase change material.
7. The phase change thermal storage and night radiation based heat dissipation system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the second heat exchanger has a larger heat exchange area in contact with the second phase change material than the first heat exchanger.
8. The phase change thermal storage and night radiation based heat dissipation system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the second and fourth main tubes are designed as gravity heat tubes.
9. The phase-change thermal storage and night radiation based heat dissipation system of claim 8, wherein the heat dissipation unit is disposed at a height higher than that of the heat storage unit, and the heat storage unit is disposed at a height higher than that of the heat generation unit.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107130694A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-05 | 华中科技大学 | Wall auto accumulation heat heat release and realize the automatic heat-insulated method of wall using it |
| CN107355846A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-17 | 天津大学 | A kind of phase-transition heat-storage collection cast condensing radiant panel |
| CN107462094A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-12 | 四川建源节能科技有限公司 | Phase transformation heat collector cavity heat pipe heat |
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| US7107784B2 (en) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-09-19 | Beck Douglas S | Thermal management system using an absorption heat pump |
| US20180031285A1 (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-02-01 | Peter M. Thomas | Thermoelectric heat pump system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107130694A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-05 | 华中科技大学 | Wall auto accumulation heat heat release and realize the automatic heat-insulated method of wall using it |
| CN107355846A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-17 | 天津大学 | A kind of phase-transition heat-storage collection cast condensing radiant panel |
| CN107462094A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-12 | 四川建源节能科技有限公司 | Phase transformation heat collector cavity heat pipe heat |
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