CN111462715B

CN111462715B - Accordion

Info

Publication number: CN111462715B
Application number: CN202010004321.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: K.霍耶; T.特拉普
Original assignee: Helai Musical Instruments Co ltd
Current assignee: Helai Musical Instruments Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-18
Filing date: 2020-01-03
Publication date: 2023-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-03
Also published as: CN111462715A; DE102019000362B3

Abstract

The invention relates to an accordion with a high-pitch mechanism having a keyboard, in which a filling (9) of a housing part carries a sound pillar (5) and is provided with a corresponding sound opening (8) which can be covered by a sealing body which can be actuated by a key lever (13) of keys (11, 12) of the keyboard, wherein the sealing bodies are each designed as a key disk (14) which covers the corresponding sound opening (8) by a key seat (15) on a side (16) facing the sound pillar (5), for which purpose at least one connecting rod (17) each having a key disk (14) at the free end is articulated on the key lever (13) as an actuating element for an up/down movement along an actuating axis.

Description

Accordion

Technical Field

The invention relates to an accordion, in particular a hand organ or other hand musical instrument, having a high-pitched mechanism with a keyboard, in which a filling of a housing part carries or has a sound pillar and is provided with a corresponding sound hole, which can be covered by a sealing body, which can be actuated by a key lever of the keyboard.

Background

An accordion with a high-pitched part in which the sound columns are arranged in rows on the underside of the filling is known from DE 913 493. The keyboard or pad may be a keyboard or pad having keys or key buttons which control the air passage of the fret by means of the stem and damper in a manner known per se. The sound post and the lever for operating the damper are covered by a cover attached to the keyboard. A bellows frame is arranged on the lower edge of the tweeter portion, on which bellows frame a bellows is arranged.

An accordion is known from DE 36 38 517 C1, which should be held more naturally by the arms at the time of playing. For this purpose, a high-pitched part is provided, whose fingerboard with a keyboard is arranged adjacent to the front side of the accordion, which fingerboard extends the front side and forms an angle of 40 ° to 50 ° with the front side. The tilt position thus achieved frees the player from an unnatural arm holding posture. A filling is arranged in the instrument housing essentially perpendicularly to the fingerboard, said filling being provided with sound holes and carrying corresponding associated sound columns. The fret has corresponding reeds that respond to the pulling or pressing when the damper is lifted from the hole by operating the key. The key can be depressed against the force of the spring toward the fingerboard and rotatably supported in the key holding structure. In addition, the key is connected to a key lever having a damper, also called a key damper, on its end so as to open or close the sound hole of the fret by a turning motion.

In the known hand-pulled musical instrument, the sound opening is thus opened or closed by an outwardly moving sound plug/sound plug damper (ventillappen), through which air can flow out of or into the sound Kong Congyin column. The opening or closing of the key/key damper is usually achieved by means of levers or levers, so-called key levers. Such a technical solution has been produced in the development history of accordion for many years and follows a performance keyboard that is curved to a large extent with respect to the musical instrument.

As a result of the previous design, certain minimum space requirements are required in the instrument, which makes the instrument correspondingly larger. The instrument is also made heavier due to the necessary lever mechanism. Furthermore, this arrangement disadvantageously allows only a relatively small opening angle of the acoustic plug, which limits the sound expansion (klangent falteng) to a low-pitched range. This makes it possible to choose the sound hole larger in order to compensate for this slightly.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an accordion or other hand-pulled musical instrument with a more compact design of the high-pitched sound mechanism.

The problem is solved by an accordion according to the invention with a high-pitch mechanism having a keyboard, in which the filling (F ullung) of the housing part carries or has a sound pillar (Stimmstock) and is provided with a corresponding sound opening, which can be covered by a sealing body which can be actuated by a key lever or a lever (klavishaebel) of a key of the keyboard, according to the invention it is provided that the sealing body is designed as a sound plug disk or a valve disk (ventiller), respectively, which covers the corresponding sound opening by a sound plug seat or a valve seat (ventillitz) on the side facing the sound pillar, for which purpose at least one thrust link or a link (schubstager), respectively carrying the sound plug disk at the free end, is hinged to the key lever, which link serves as an actuating element for actuating up/down movements along the actuating axis.

An accordion or other hand-pulled instrument is thereby provided in which the pegs of the fret are not open outwards, but inwards in the direction of the fret. The solution according to the invention is thus based on a solution deviating from the past with the aid of a damper using a cover fixed to the lever for bearing on the sound opening. The solution according to the invention is based on the use of a connecting rod or a plug rod which carries a plug disc which is pressed onto a sealing seat on the side of the filling which faces the sound column and which is lifted from the sealing seat by a lifting movement in the direction of the sound column. This design allows a more compact design and additionally also an ergonomically designed design, so that the ergonomically handheld possibilities are improved. Furthermore, a modular design is achieved in order to produce a button-type or key-type hand-pulled musical instrument, for example, with low effort. The high-pitch mechanism can then be produced using injection-molded parts made of plastic material.

The following advantages are achieved in particular with respect to the known solutions. Long and heavy corner mechanisms are no longer required. The key can be placed directly under the key, thereby achieving a significant reduction in the positional space and volume of the instrument. The keyboard can be integrated directly into the housing of the instrument, i.e. a finger board (Griffbrett) for the mounted or projecting keyboard can be dispensed with, which results in a decisive improvement in terms of ergonomics of the instrument. A more natural holding by hand is achieved when playing the instrument, which is a health-related important advantage especially for children at the age of development. In addition, a significant reduction in the overall weight of the instrument can be achieved thereby.

The opening and closing of the soundholes can be achieved according to the design of the instrument, i.e. according to the layout of the keys and the positioning of the individual sounds on the frets or spring plates, ideally by direct connection of the keys to the fret board or by different types of compact configurations. This brings the following advantages in addition to the above-described advantages. Replacing a limited opening angle enables a larger opening stroke. Linear, rectilinear movement of the soundplug disc is achieved.

The interference noise of the parts closing the sound hole, i.e. here the soundplug disc, when reaching the rest position can be avoided, since the key stop is no longer required and thus the impact noise of the key is eliminated. But the sealing material that can be used for the acoustic plug is able to create a cushion against the impact. It is possible to dispense with a braking device which increases the force for operating the keys and is disadvantageous, in particular, for quick and child-resistant performance. The sound emission position and thus the end position can furthermore be adjusted by means of an optional opening distance for a movement of the key for opening the sound hole. The movement of the keys, i.e. the key stroke or key travel (tashenhub) and the pitch disk travel can be combined into a single moving part and selectively changed. The key stroke and the sounding dynamics can be directly related to each other in this way.

Furthermore, the sound holes opened/closed in the manner according to the invention create new possibilities for the design of the sound holes, the filling and the final sound column. Unlike the known solutions in which the damper flap can only open the sound opening in a wedge-like manner due to the long rod, in the invention shown here a completely uniform opening of the sound opening can be achieved. This also reduces and balances the flow resistance of the air flowing out or in, for example. The sealing of the plug disc with respect to the sound hole can be achieved in different ways by a linear movement process. Unlike known planar seals, for example sealing lips, conical seals or the like can be used. A smaller sealing force is thus required, since the force can also be exerted centrally in the sealing disk, rather than by lateral leverage as in a damper fixed to the lever.

Lower material costs are also produced and no significant sound-emitting effects are produced due to the surface properties of the sealing material. The uniform opening of the soundhole can significantly improve the sounding of the instrument, which can also increase the distance of the soundplug disc and soundhole. The sound can be spread simply and better.

In addition to improvements in terms of sound production or tone quality, an increase in volume or loudness can thus also be achieved at the same time with the same or even reduced air requirement. In this case, the effect of different sound hole shapes on the expansion of sound and on the reduction of flow resistance can be utilized in a wide range. The solution according to the invention described for the treble mechanism can also be transferred to the bass mechanism.

Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will emerge from the following description.

Drawings

The invention is explained in detail below on the basis of embodiments shown in the drawings. In the drawings:

fig. 1 schematically shows a top view of a hand-pulled musical instrument, in particular an accordion, according to a first embodiment, with a top side for partially showing a partial region of a treble mechanism according to the invention;

fig. 2 schematically shows a partial region of the treble mechanism partially mounted with keys in a view from obliquely behind;

fig. 3 shows a partial region according to fig. 2 in a view from obliquely ahead and cut in the region of the lower key;

fig. 4 shows a partial region according to fig. 2 in a view from obliquely ahead and cut in the region of the upper key;

FIG. 5 shows a section according to FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 shows a section according to FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 shows a partial region of FIG. 3 from obliquely below;

FIG. 8 shows a partial region of FIG. 4 from obliquely below;

FIG. 9 shows a cross-section of a partial region of a treble mechanism according to another embodiment with a key partially mounted;

fig. 10 and 11 show a section of a partial region of a treble mechanism according to another embodiment with a key partially mounted, respectively.

Detailed Description

The present invention relates to an accordion, in particular a hand organ or other hand musical instrument.

The accordion shown in fig. 1 has two housing parts 1, 2 which are connected to one another by a bellows or bellows 3. The housing part 1 has a keyboard 4 as part of a treble mechanism 10 arranged in said housing part 1. The treble mechanism 10 further comprises a fret 5. Each sound column 5 has a spring plate 6. Furthermore, each sound pillar 5 corresponds to at least one sound hole 8 in the filling 9 of the housing part 1, which sound hole can be closed by a sound plug 7. The housing part 2 may be provided for accommodating a bass mechanism (not shown).

The accordion shown thus comprises a tweeter mechanism 10 with a keyboard 4 in which the filling 9 of the housing part 1 carries the fret 5. The plurality of frets 5 are typically arranged in one or more rows arranged parallel to each other as shown in fig. 7 and 8, depending on the selected number of lower keys 11 and upper keys 12 of the keyboard 4. This applies correspondingly to the case of using a key button keyboard.

As shown in fig. 2 to 6, the filling 9 is further provided with corresponding sound openings 8 which can be covered by the sealing body of the individual acoustic plugs 7. The key 7 can be operated by the key lever 13 of the

keys

11, 12 of the keyboard 4.

According to the invention, the sealing bodies of the acoustic plugs 7 are each embodied as acoustic plug discs 14, which each cover the respective acoustic hole 8 by means of a plug seat 15 on the side 16 of the filling 9 facing the acoustic post 5. The associated key levers 13 are used for actuating the key pads 14, to which at least one connecting rod 17 is hinged, which carries the key pads 14 at the free ends, respectively, and which connecting rod 17 serves as an actuating element for performing an up/down movement along the actuating axis. The pressing of the keys applied to the

keys

11, 12 at the time of playing the musical instrument can be directly transmitted to the key pad 14 as a lifting motion. The steering of the force by the knee lever can thus be completely dispensed with. The term "key lever 13" is understood in terms of its function according to the invention as a connecting element between the

keys

11, 12 or the tweeter key buttons (not shown) and the key plate 14 as a closing element of the sound hole and thus as part of the tweeter mechanism, and not in its hitherto known angular structure for operating the damper.

Importantly, according to the invention, the soundplug tray 14 is moved downwards in the direction of the soundpost 5 in order to open the soundhole 8. Thus, upon pressing the keys, the downward movement of the

keys

11, 12 can be converted into the downward movement of the key pad 14 and the opening of the key 8, whereby the operation characteristics forming a straight line can be adjusted. At the same time, the spring pretension of the

keys

11, 12 of the keyboard 4 can be used for simultaneously spring pretension of the key plate 14 on the key seat 15. The operating shaft may be a straight operating shaft. The connecting rod 17 can thus be configured as a push rod below the

keys

11, 12 if the corresponding associated key 11, 12 is pressed to play the respective sound and thereby open the corresponding associated sound hole 8 by the lowering of the connecting rod 17. The key movement and the voice coil movement can be directly linked in terms of design technology by using the same spring preload. The design of the shape of the spring-loaded plug disk 14 is optional and can be formed, for example, by a planar seal.

Advantageously, the soundplug discs 14 are each arranged in a hinged manner on the connecting rod 17. The key lever 13 may also be integrally constructed with the curved boss portion as the link 17, respectively. On the side of the filling 9 facing the sound column 5, a sealing material (not shown) can be provided, which can form a sound plug seal in the region of the sound plug seat 15. The sealing material can also form a crash cushion for the

keys

11, 12 in the transition into the rest position, i.e. when the plug 7 is closed. Alternatively or additionally, the sealing material may also be provided directly, for example injection molded directly onto the plug disk 14, preferably for the function of radial sealing or face sealing.

The key lever 13 is mounted in a manner known per se on the filling 9 in a manner that can be turned or deflected by means of a spring device 18. The key lever 13 is for this purpose preferably arranged to be able to turn around the shaft 19 and is connected to the

keys

11, 12, respectively. The key bars 13 are preferably respectively configured as bar-shaped ribs constituting a lower structure having top supporting portions for supporting and positioning the

keys

11, 12 of the keyboard 4. The corresponding key, either the lower key 11 or the upper key 12, can simply constitute a seating member (Aufsetzteil) for the resiliently supported key lever 13. The spring means 18 can at the same time serve as spring hinge means for the

keys

11, 12, whereby the

keys

11, 12 operated by pressing spontaneously return to their initial position after release.

According to a further embodiment shown in fig. 9, the key lever 13 is configured as a lower key, whose spring means 18 with springs 20 is configured separately from the spring means 21 with springs 22 for the spring-loaded

keys

11, 12. A sealing material 25 is also arranged on the filling 9 in the region of the plug seat 15.

Alternatively, the

keys

11, 12 and the piano shaft 13 can also each be formed as a single component, i.e., the

keys

11, 12 can form lever arm sections of the piano key shaft 13, from which lever arm sections extend connecting rods 17 as other lever arm sections of the piano key shaft 13, on which connecting rods the tuning peg 14 is articulated. The lower structures of the

keys

11, 12 may also be configured as a piano stick 13.

The

keys

11, 12 and the associated key lever 13 as part of the key mechanism for moving the key plate 14 between a rest position in which the sound hole for producing sound is closed and a sound-producing position in which the sound hole is open, thereby preferably each have at least one common direction of movement which can be transmitted to the respective connecting rod 17 when the key is pressed. This applies irrespective of whether the

keys

11, 12 are configured as keys or key buttons.

Fig. 10 and 11 show an embodiment in which a stop element 24 is provided, which is a path limiting structure (Wegbegrenzung) for pressing the

keys

11, 12. The stop element 24 can be formed in a simple manner by a pin, to which the piano 13 can be moved as part of the

keys

11, 12 and thereby simultaneously form a path limiting structure for the connecting rod/plug rod 17 of the plug 7. The width of the opening of the plug can thus be controlled simultaneously and jointly by the stop element 24.

According to the invention, it can also be provided that the filling 9 with the sound hole 8 simultaneously forms a fingerboard for the key lever 13 with the keyboard 4 mounted thereon, which can then be pressed against the force of the respective spring 20 of the spring means 18 in the direction of the fingerboard formed by the filling 9 and is rotatably mounted in the key lever holder about the axis 19.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the column 5 may be constituted by a duct on the duct body of which the spring plate 6 is mounted and the duct opening of which is directed toward the key lever 13 on which the key is mounted. The air duct openings are arranged in a plane parallel to the keyboard 4.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the sound posts 5 may be arranged in angular regions forming 90 ° to 135 ° with respect to the filler 9, in particular in rows on the bottom side of said filler 9. Thereby, an optimal use of the space in the housing part 1 can be achieved. A bass mechanism may be provided. The bass mechanism is constructed in correspondence with the construction of the treble mechanism 10.

This provides a modular design.

Claims

1. An accordion with a high-pitch mechanism (10), in which the high-pitch mechanism (10) has a keyboard (4), in which a filling (9) of a housing part (1) carries a sound pillar (5) and is provided with a corresponding sound hole (8) which can be covered by a sealing body which can be actuated by a key lever (13) of a key (11, 12) of the keyboard (4), characterized in that the sealing bodies are each designed as a key disk (14) which covers the corresponding sound hole (8) by a key seat (15) on a side (16) facing the sound pillar (5), for which purpose at least one connecting rod (17) each carrying a key disk (14) at the free end is articulated on the key lever (13) as an actuating element for an up/down movement along an actuating axis.

2. An accordion according to claim 1, wherein the operating shaft is a straight operating shaft.

3. Accordion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the key discs (14) are each hingedly arranged on the connecting rod (17).

4. Accordion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the key lever (13) is constructed in one piece with a curved boss as a connecting rod (17).

5. Accordion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the key lever (13) is supported on the filling (9) by means of spring means (18) in a reversible manner.

6. Accordion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the key levers (13) are each configured as a rib in the form of a strip, which constitutes a lower structure having top support portions for supporting and positioning keys (11, 12) of the keyboard (4).

7. Accordion according to claim 6, characterized in that the respective keys (11, 12) constitute mounting means for the resiliently supported piano stick (13).

8. Accordion according to claim 6, characterized in that the key lever (13) is capable of being depressed and rotatably supported in the key lever holding means against the force of the spring (20) toward the fingerboard constituted by the filler (9), respectively.

9. An accordion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the keys (11, 12) are constructed on a key lever (13).

10. Accordion according to claim 9, characterized in that the keys (11, 12) are constructed in one piece with the key lever (13).

11. Accordion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the keys (11, 12) and the key lever (13) are supportable by a common spring means (18).

12. Accordion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the key strokes of the keys (11, 12) coincide with the key strokes of the key (7).

13. Accordion according to claim 12, characterized in that a stop (24) for path limitation is provided.

14. Accordion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fret (5) consists of a wind channel on the body of which a spring plate (6) is mounted and the channel opening of which is directed towards a key lever (13) equipped with keys (11, 12).

15. Accordion according to claim 14, characterized in that the duct opening is arranged in a plane parallel to the keyboard (4).

16. Accordion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the frets (5) are arranged in an angular region of 90 ° to 135 ° with the filling (9), in particular in a row, on the bottom side of the filling (9).

17. Accordion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a bass mechanism is provided, which bass mechanism is configured correspondingly to the configuration of the treble mechanism (10).