JPH07261749A - Keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make hammer rotational angles at the time of a normal playing and a non-string striking playing equal to each other and to make keyboard touch feeling at the time of the non-string striking playing and the normal playing equal to each other. CONSTITUTION:A keyboard comb 2 is held by a comb holding member 7 and the comb 2 is set and held in approximately horizontal direction at the time of the normal playing. At the time of the non-string striking playing, the member 7 is lowered by a changeover means 8 and the comb 2's is inclined downward by a prescribed angle. Therefore, the keyboard 4 is inclined, an action mechanism 32 is moved away from a string 3 to increase the rotational angle of a hammer 64.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a keyboard instrument having an action mechanism that works in conjunction with a keyboard and strikes a string, and particularly in a grand piano, the keyboard reed is configured to be vertically displaceable. By doing so, it is possible to selectively switch between normal performance in which the string is hit with a hammer and non-strike performance in which the rotation of the hammer is stopped immediately before hitting the string without hitting the string, without disturbing the touch feeling of the key. Regarding keyboard instruments.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a keyboard musical instrument such as a grand piano or an upright piano that strikes a string with an action mechanism that operates in conjunction with a key depression operation on a keyboard, the playing volume is high, so the playing volume is selectively lowered. It is equipped with a sound reduction mechanism. In the case of a grand piano, this weak sound mechanism is designed to weaken the performance sound by moving the entire action mechanism together with the keyboard reed in the direction of parallel arrangement of the keyboard by a pedal operation, and reducing the number of strings hit by the hammer.

Recently, with the diversification of musical instruments, a keyboard musical instrument has been proposed which completely prevents the string striking sound, as described in US Pat. No. 2,250,065. This keyboard instrument is a grand piano, in which the hammer assembly hits the strings by pre-lifting the hammer assembly during non-strike performance that does not generate string striking sounds and preventing the jack from pushing up the hammer assembly during key depression. In other words, it is possible to realize a performance that does not generate a string-striking sound (silent performance). In addition, by incorporating sensors such as key sensors and hammer sensors used in automatic playing pianos into such keyboard musical instruments, you can enjoy the performance of a natural piano during normal performance that does not mute (including when playing weak sounds). Therefore, the user can enjoy the performance of the electronic piano in which the tone control circuit is controlled by the sensor to generate an electronic sound during the non-string striking performance.

[0004]

However, in the keyboard instrument according to the above-mentioned US Pat. No. 2,250,065, the hammer assembly is preliminarily lifted and held in a position not interlocking with the keyboard during the non-string striking performance. The jack does not push up the hammer assembly even when the keys are operated, and the jack does not escape from the hammer assembly, so the touch feeling on the keyboard is significantly lightened, and the key touch feeling during normal playing cannot be obtained. was there.

Therefore, as a method of solving such a problem, the present applicant does not prevent the hammer from striking strings during normal playing, but prevents the hammer shank from rotating immediately before the hammer strikes during non-striking performance. In addition to providing a blocking means to do so, when a non-string striking performance is inserted, a spacer is inserted between the regulating button and the small jack, and when the non-string striking performance is performed, the jack escapes earlier than in the normal performance, thereby We proposed a keyboard instrument that enables switching of non-string playing (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-215400).

However, in such a keyboard instrument, there is a problem that the touch of the key must be sacrificed to some extent. That is, in order to prevent the striking sound from being completely generated, the distance between the hammer and the string at the time when the rotation of the hammer is stopped by the stopper is
Considering the bending of the member, for example, about 10 mm is required. In other words, the distance between the hammer and the string is 10 mm.
A stopper was provided to prevent the hammer from rotating when approaching to a certain extent. At this time, the "approach" of the hammer (the minimum value of the distance between the striking surface of the hammer and the strings when the keyboard 2 is pushed down at a very low speed) is the same as that of a conventional piano (3 mm low range, 2 mid range). 0.5 mm, high range 2 m
m), before the jack escapes from the bottom of the bat (hammer roller in the case of a grand piano), the bat is pinched and stopped by the jack and the stopper, allowing a piano-like performance (for example, continuous hits). Disappear. Therefore, in order to prevent this, the distance between the small jack and the regulating button is shortened to adjust the escape time of the jack earlier, and if the hammer approach is wider than usual, for example, 10 mm or more, the key touch I feel a little shallow. In addition, since the energy supplied to the bat of the jack is reduced due to the early escape, the striking force of the hammer at the time of normal performance is also weakened, and the timbre due to striking the strings changes. In other words, in such a musical instrument, since the escape time is early, the touch feeling changes between the normal performance and the non-string striking performance. Also, on a normal keyboard instrument, the hammer returns (the hammer returns slightly when Jack escapes:
If it is large (normally adjusted to about 2 mm from the approach point), the jack will not return smoothly and the continuous hitting performance will deteriorate, so the return of the hammer is adjusted by adjusting the drop screw. However, in the above-described keyboard instrument that is set to escape earlier than during normal playing, the drop screw is not adjusted even when switching between normal playing and non-string playing. There was a problem that it was not possible to optimize both the return of the hammer at the time and the return at the time of non-strike performance.

Therefore, a blocking means for blocking the striking by the hammer during the normal performance and for preventing the rotation of the hammer shank just before the hammer strikes the string during the non-stretching performance is provided, and the second means is provided on the shelf board. A shelf board is arranged so that it can move up and down, a keyboard reed with a keyboard and an action mechanism is installed on this second shelf board, and a direction in which the second shelf board is moved away from the strings during non-string playing, That is, by translating downward,
We proposed a keyboard instrument that can be switched between normal and non-string playing (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-279470). In such a keyboard instrument, since the distance between the action mechanism and the string is larger than that during normal performance during non-strike performance, the escape time of the jack can be the same as during normal performance. Since the plates must be composed of the first and second shelves, the structure of the shelves becomes complicated, and if it is designed without changing the height of the keyboard and the thickness of the entire shelves, the fixed-side shelves Since the plate thickness of the plate is reduced by the plate thickness of the movable-side shelf plate, there is a problem that rigidity is reduced and reinforcement or the like is required. Further, in order to reduce the weight of the movable side shelf plate without impairing its rigidity, it is necessary to manufacture the movable side shelf plate from an aluminum alloy or the like, which causes a problem that the manufacturing cost increases.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its object is to simplify the structure by vertically displacing the keyboard reed instead of the shelf plate. The angle of rotation of the hammer (the angle of rotation until the jack escapes) and the escapement time of the jack can be set to the same during normal playing and non-string striking. The objective is to provide a keyboard instrument that can be optimized for both non-string playing and has excellent repeatability.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is a keyboard reed movably arranged on a shelf board in a direction in which the keyboards are arranged side by side, and the keyboard reed top. A keyboard and an action mechanism installed in, and a blocking means that does not block the hammering of the action mechanism during normal playing, and blocks the rotation of the hammer assembly immediately before the hammer hits the string during non-stringed playing, It is characterized by further comprising a switching means for displacing the keyboard reed in a vertical direction to switch between a normal playing state and a non-string playing state. According to a second aspect of the present invention, a keyboard reed movably arranged on a shelf board in a direction in which the keyboards are arranged side by side, a keyboard and an action mechanism installed on the keyboard reed, and the action mechanism during a normal performance. Blocking means for blocking the hammer striking by the hammer, and for preventing the hammer assembly from rotating immediately before the hammer strikes the string in the non-striking performance, and is arranged so as to be movable up and down corresponding to each keyboard, A plurality of actuators that support the rear end of the keyboard reed and rotate the corresponding keyboard during automatic performance, and a switching means that moves the actuator and the keyboard reed up and down when switching between the normal performance state and the non-string striking performance state. And are provided. A third aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the keyboard reed is vertically moved in parallel. Claim 4
The invention according to claim 1 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the keyboard reed is vertically rotatable about a front end side as a rotation fulcrum, and is held substantially horizontally above the shelf plate during normal playing. It is characterized in that the rear end is tilted by a required angle so as to be located below the front end when striking a string. A fifth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a bearing for guiding and supporting the keyboard reed is provided on an upper surface of the shelf board. And

[0010]

In the inventions of claims 1 and 2, the keyboard reed is moved up and down between the non-striking performance position and the non-striking performance position by the switching means, and when in the non-striking performance position, the action is performed. Move the mechanism away from the strings. Therefore, the striking distance of the hammer becomes larger than that during normal playing. The blocking means blocks rotation of the hammer after the jack escapes from the hammer assembly. In this case, since the keyboard reed is set and held in the non-striking performance position during non-striking performance, the distance between the hammer and the string is increased, so the turning angle of the hammer is not the same as during normal performance. It can be set the same as when playing a string. Therefore, it is not necessary to advance the escape time of Jack to widen the approach of the hammer when playing a string,
The escape time of Jack can be set to be the same as when playing normally. Further, even if the turning angle is the same, the hammer does not hit the strings due to the bending of the hammer because the approach of the hammer is larger than that during normal playing. When the hammer is prevented from rotating by the blocking means, it does not hit the string, but the blocking means causes the hammer assembly to come into contact with the hammer assembly to impart an acting force equivalent to the weight of the hammer assembly to the hammer assembly. In the invention according to claim 2, the actuator supports the keyboard reed, and pushes up the lower surface of the rear end portion of the keyboard during automatic performance. The switching means moves the actuator and the keyboard reed up and down when switching between the normal performance and the non-striking performance. In the invention according to claim 4, when the keyboard reed is tilted to switch to a non-string-playing state, the keyboard is also tilted, but the height of the front end of the keyboard is almost different from that in the case of being vertically moved in parallel. do not do. In the invention according to claim 5, the bearing guides the keyboard reed when the keyboard reed is attached and detached.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an action mechanism section during normal performance, showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an automatically playable grand piano, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the mechanism section during non-string striking performance. Is. In these drawings, a shelf board 1 forming the bottom surface of the musical instrument body supports pillars, pedals, etc. (not shown), on which a keyboard reed 2 is arranged, and further on each of them, All 88 keyboards 4 of white keys 4A and black keys 4B corresponding to the pitch strings 3 are arranged with the balance key pin 5 supporting the keyboard 4 so as to be vertically swingable. The upper surface 1a of the shelf board 1 is inclined backward by a required angle (eg, 1 to 3 °) in order to allow the keyboard reed 2 to move up and down, and between the upper surface 1a of the shelf board 1 and the keyboard reed 2. A predetermined space 6 is formed in the. A vertically movable reed supporting member 7 for supporting the keyboard reed 2 in a generally horizontal direction is arranged in the space 6, and the shelf board 1 is further provided.
On the lower surface of the reed, the reed supporting member 7 is moved up and down to switch the keyboard reed 2 between a normal playing state and a non-string playing state.
Is provided.

The reed supporting member 7 is a supporting block 7 which extends in the front direction and is arranged at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction.
A and an actuator unit 7B. The support block 7A is vertically movably housed in a block housing hole 8 formed in an intermediate portion of the shelf board 1 in the front-rear direction,
The lower surface 9a of the bedding screw 9 which is erected on the keyboard reed 2 is supported by the upper surface thereof. Support block 7
The reason why A is provided in the vicinity of the bedding screw 9 of the keyboard reed 2 is to prevent the keyboard reed 2 from being distorted or bent by the keying force acting on the bedding screw 9 at the beginning of key depression. This is because.

The actuator unit 7B drives the keyboard 4 instead of the hand during automatic performance.
It is arranged vertically below the rear end of the vehicle. Further, the configuration of the actuator unit 7B will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3, the actuator unit 7B includes a housing 11 having a square-shape in a side view, which extends in the front direction of the shelf board 1 so as to correspond to all the keyboards 4. The housing 11 includes a plurality of actuators 12 arranged in a staggered pattern corresponding to each keyboard 4. The housing 11 is
The shelf board 1 is accommodated in an opening 13 formed at the rear end of the shelf board 1 so as to be vertically movable, and the keyboard reed 2 is provided on the upper front surface.
A support portion 11a for supporting the lower surface of the rear end portion is integrally extended forward, and a plurality of stoppers 14 for preventing the keyboard reed 2 from being displaced rearward are cut and raised at the front end portion of the upper surface. Has been done. The actuator 12 is
It consists of a solenoid coil 12a and a plunger 12b. The upper end of the plunger 12b projects upward from a small hole 15 formed in the upper surface of the housing 11 and closely faces the lower surface of the rear end of the keyboard 4. At the time of automatic performance, each actuator 12 is driven based on an electric signal obtained by reproducing a performance information signal previously recorded on a recording medium such as a floppy disk, so that the plunger 12b corresponds to the actuator. Keyboard 4
Therefore, the keyboard 4 can be operated in the same manner as if the player performed a key depression operation with a finger.

A hydraulic cylinder is used as the switching means 8 for vertically moving the reed supporting member 7 composed of the support block 7A and the actuator unit 7B, and the reed indicating member 7 is moved up and down in response to a player's instruction. To The switching means is not limited to the hydraulic cylinder, but it is needless to say that the air cylinder, the solenoid, the drive motor, the jack, and the operating lever may be used to move up and down. Anything that moves can be used. When a drive motor is used, the rotation of the output shaft may be converted into a linear motion by an appropriate means such as a ball screw and the reed supporting member 7 may be moved up and down. Further, when the operation lever is used, the reed supporting member 7 may be moved up and down by a cam, a wire or the like. The support block 7A and the actuator unit 7B are set and held at an upper position and at the same height position during normal playing, so that the keyboard reed 2 is set and held at a substantially horizontal normal playing position, and a non-striking string is played. When you switch to the playing state,
Lower and tilt the keyboard reed 2. The support block 7A is lowered by about half the amount (5-10 mm) of the actuator unit 7B. In this non-string striking state, the lower surface of the keyboard reed 2 is not in contact with the bearing 19 arranged on the upper surface of the shelf, and when the musical instrument body is pulled out, the reed holding member 7 is further moved by the drive of the switching means 8. When lowered, the bearing 19 is brought into contact with and supported by the reed supporting member 7
Away from it, which makes it easy to insert and remove the keyboard reed 2. Although the present embodiment has shown a configuration in which the supporting block 7A is used to support the vicinity of the bedding screw 9 of the keyboard reed 2, the supporting block 7A is not always necessary, and the keyboard reed 2 is directly connected by the switching means 8. It is also possible to support.

The bearing 19 is the upper surface 1a of the shelf board 1.
Part of the peripheral surface is projected upward and embedded. Further, the bedding screw 9 and the bearing 19 are arranged so as to be displaced in the frontage direction. This is to prevent the lower end 9a of the bedding screw 9 protruding below the keyboard reed 2 from hitting the bearing 19 when the keyboard reed 2 is taken in and out. However, as shown in FIG. 4, a concave portion 20 is formed on the lower surface of the keyboard reed 2, and the lower end 9 a of the bedding screw 9 is formed in the concave portion 20.
When it is configured to accommodate the above, it is not always necessary to shift the bedding screw 9 and the bearing 19 in the direction of the frontage. It should be noted that 3 to 7 bedding screws 9 are provided for the keyboard reed 2. Bearing 1
As the member 9, instead of arranging a plurality of single members, a rod-shaped member that is long in the front direction may be used.

The keyboard reed 2 is formed of a synthetic plate in a plate shape, and the lower surface thereof is formed flat. In addition,
The keyboard reed 2 may be provided with an opening to reduce the weight thereof, or may be a frame (lattice-shaped) one. Further, the keyboard reed 2 has a front end supported by the upper surface 1a of the shelf board 1, and the forward movement of the lower reed bar 2 arranged on the upper surface of the front end portion of the shelf board 1 is prevented.
It is regulated by the back of 1. Therefore, the keyboard reed 2 is supported by the front end of the shelf 1, the support block 7A and the actuator unit 7B during normal playing and non-string playing, and the front end of the keyboard reed 2 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder. The part is rotated about the rotation fulcrum.
On the upper surface of the keyboard reed 2, front reed 22, middle reed 23 and rear 2
4 are arranged so as to extend commonly to all the keyboards 4, and the keyboard 4 is arranged on these reeds so as to be movable up and down with the balance key pin 5 as a swing fulcrum.

The strings 3 of the respective pitches have the keyboard 4 at both ends.
Tuning pin 2 on the frame 28 arranged above the
9 and a frame pin (not shown), it is stretched substantially horizontally with a predetermined tension. Below the strings 3, a support rail 31 that extends in common for all strings 3 is located above the rear end of the keyboard 4 and extends transversely. The support rails 31 are linked to the keyboard 4 and interlocked with each other. An action mechanism 32 that operates to strike the corresponding string 3 is disposed, and a damper mechanism 33 that normally blocks the free vibration of the string 3 and releases the string 3 at the time of striking the string is provided behind it. . The support rails 31 are installed substantially horizontally on the upper surface of the rear end portion of the brackets 34, for example, three to four brackets, which are arranged in parallel on the keyboard reed 2 through an action table (not shown) in the arrangement direction of the keyboard 4. By being fixed, all the brackets 34 are connected. Also, these brackets 3
A shank rail 35 is fixed to the upper surface of the front end portion 4 of the keyboard 4 so as to extend in common with all the keyboards 4. And this bracket 34 is the keyboard reed 2
A shift pedal (not shown) arranged under the instrument body when playing a weak sound.
It is configured to be moved integrally with the keyboard reed 2 in the direction in which the keyboard 4 is arranged by the stepping operation of. The keyboard reed 2, together with the keyboard 4 and the action mechanism 32, is installed on the shelf 1 from the front of the musical instrument body while being guided by the bearing 19.

The action mechanism 32 is rotated by a key depression operation of the keyboard 4, a hammer assembly 42 for striking the strings 3, and the hammer mechanism 42 is raised together with the key depression operation to push up the hammer assembly 42. The jack 43 for rotating, the repetition lever 44 for receiving the hammer assembly 42 after the string striking operation and returning it to the initial position, and the jack 4 for the string striking operation.
It is composed of a regulating assembly 45 and the like for temporarily escaping 3 from the hammer assembly 42.

In the whippen 40, a base end portion (rear end) is rotatably supported in the vertical direction via a pin on the upper end of a support flange 46 fixed to the support rail 31, and a free end ( The whippen heel 40A integrally provided on the lower surface on the front end side is placed on a capstan 47 planted on the upper surface of the rear end portion of the keyboard 4 and is thus held generally horizontally. A hammer shank stop felt 50 that holds the hammer shank 54 that constitutes the hammer assembly 42 at the initial position is provided on the upper surface of the base end portion of the whip pen 40.

The jack 43 is bent in an L-shape when viewed from the side, and the bent portion at the lower end is pivotally supported by the front end of the whip pen 40 so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction via a pin, and also by the repetition spring 52. Fig. 1 It has a habit of turning counterclockwise. An arm 43A extending upward from the jack 43 has an elongated hole 5 formed at the front end portion of the repetition lever 44 so as to penetrate through the upper and lower surfaces thereof.
3 is inserted from below, and its upper end surface is in contact with the lower surface of a hammer roller 55 arranged on the lower surface of the hammer shank 54 on the base side. The other arm 43B of the jack 43 extends substantially horizontally toward the front, and its front end portion is located below the regulating assembly 45 to form a small jack 56. And jack 4
3 is a counterclockwise rotation when the jack button 57 attached to the middle portion of the one arm 43A is normally pressed against the jack stop 58 planted on the wippen 40 by the spring force of the repetition spring 52. Is restricted and held in the initial position.

The repetition lever 44 is rotatably supported in the vertical direction by a pin at the upper end of a repetition lever flange 59 projecting substantially in the center of the whip pen 40, and the repetition spring By 52, the habit of turning counterclockwise in FIG. 1 is imparted. At the rear end of the repetition lever 44, a repetition button 61 which is normally pressed against the upper surface of the base of the wippen 40 by the spring force of the repetition spring 52 is arranged, whereby the repetition lever 44 rotates counterclockwise. Is restricted.

The hammer assembly 42 includes a hammer shank 54 whose base end is rotatably supported in the vertical direction via a pin at the rear end of a shank flange 62 fixed to the upper surface of the shank rail 35. , The hammer wood 6 arranged at the free end of this hammer shank 54
Hammer 6 consisting of 3A and hammer head 63B
4 and the hammer roller 55 and the like disposed on the lower surface of the base end portion of the hammer shank 54. Normally, when the hammer roller 55 is placed on the upper surface of the front end portion of the repetition lever 44, the hammer roller 55 is moved to the initial position. It is locked.

When the whip pen 40 is pushed up by the capstan 47 and rises counterclockwise as the keyboard 4 is depressed, the jack 43 pushes up the hammer roller 55 from below and raises the hammer assembly 42 clockwise. The hammer 64 strikes the string 3 corresponding to the pressed keyboard 4. During the string striking operation, the jack small 56 abuts against the regulating assembly 45 to prevent its upward movement, whereby the jack 43 is rotated clockwise against the repetition spring 52, whereby the jack 43 is rotated. The upper end of the roller temporarily escapes from the lower part of the hammer roller 55. The escape time of this jack 43 is the same as when approaching in a normal grand piano during the normal performance.
Is said to have approached the string 3 by about 2 to 3 mm.

After the string striking operation, the hammer assembly 42 is returned by turning by the repulsive force of the string 3 and its own weight.
Is returned to the initial position by the hammer roller 55 being received by the repetition lever 44. At this time, the repetition lever 44 is rotated clockwise against the repetition spring 52 due to the drop impact of the hammer assembly 42, thereby absorbing and relaxing the drop impact, preventing the hammer roller 55 from rebounding, and the same. Allows quick continuous keystrokes. In addition, the jack 43 returns to the lower part of the hammer roller 55 by the pivotal return of the jack 43 after the string striking operation by the hammer 64 in association with the pivotal descent of the whip pen 40 accompanying the return operation of the keyboard 4. Enables the next string striking action.

The action mechanism 32 for non-string striking performance
The string striking action is also the same as in the above-described normal performance. However, in the non-string striking performance shown in FIG. 2, the keyboard 4 and the action mechanism 32 are tilted backward by a predetermined angle while the keyboard reed 2 is tilted, and the string 3 and the hammer 6 are held.
Since the distance D2 (52.5-57.5 mm) from 4 is larger than the distance D1 (47.5 mm) at the time of normal performance shown in FIG. 1, the approach d of the hammer 64 is expanded to about 10 mm. In other words, jack 43
The escape time is the same as during the normal performance, and only the approach d of the hammer 64 can be enlarged. Further, when the keyboard reed 2 is tilted, the keyboard 4 is also tilted, but the tilt angle is slightly (1
Therefore, the height of the front end portion of the keyboard 4 which is pressed with a finger hardly changes.

The regulating assembly 45 includes:
88-key action mechanism 32 on the shank rail 35
Of the action mechanism 32, and the regulation rail 6 corresponding to the jack small 56 of the jack 43 of each action mechanism 32.
7 and a plurality of regulating buttons 68 arranged on the lower surface side. The distance d1 between the regulating button 68 and the small jack 56 is set so that the jack 43 escapes from the lower portion of the hammer roller 55 when the hammer 64 approaches the string 3 by about 2 to 3 mm in the normal playing state. ing. Regulatoring button 68
When is turned, the regulating button 68 moves up and down to finely adjust the distance d1. When the distance d1 is increased, the escape timing of the jack 43 is delayed, and when the distance d1 is decreased, it is accelerated.

A back check wire 70 is provided on the upper surface of the rear end portion of the keyboard 4 to elastically receive the hammer 64 which is returned by the repulsive force of the string striking string 3 and the weight of the hammer assembly 42. It is arranged through. Also, the hammer 6 when the jack 43 escapes is provided on the lower surface of the hammer shank flange 62.
A drop screw 71 for adjusting the return of No. 4 is attached.

The rear end of the damper mechanism 33 is rotatably supported by a damper lever flange 76 disposed on a damper lever rail 75 so as to be vertically rotatable, and the front end extends above the rear end of the keyboard 4. The damper lever 77, the damper block 78 arranged on the front end side of the damper lever 77, and the damper wire 7 on the damper block 78.
It is composed of a damper 80 and the like which are disposed through the shaft 9. The damper 80 normally presses the string 3 from above to prevent free vibration of the string 3. When the keyboard 4 is pressed, the damper lever 77 is projected in the counterclockwise direction by the upper surface of the rear end of the keyboard 4. It is configured to rise and separate from the string 3 when it is turned up. After the damper 80 is separated, the hammer 64 strikes the string 3 to enable normal performance. The action mechanism 32 and the damper mechanism 33 described above are exactly the same as the action mechanism and the damper mechanism of the conventional grand piano.

Further, in the space between the strings 3 and the action mechanism 32, a device for enabling non-string-striking performance without generating string-striking sound, that is, a silencer 82 is provided.
This muffling device 82 is used for hammer 6 during normal performance.
Hammer 64 when not playing strings
There is provided a blocking means 83 for blocking the rotation of the hammer shank 54 immediately before striking the string, and an operating means 84 for switching the blocking means 83 between the normal playing state and the non-stringing playing state.

As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the blocking means 83 is divided into two parts, a low-pitched sound side and a middle and high-pitched sound side.
2 arranged substantially coaxially between the hammer shank 54 and the hammer shank 54
Two rotating shafts 85 (85A, 85B) are provided, and buffer members 88 are fixed to the peripheral surfaces of these rotating shafts 85A, 85B via a buffer base 87, respectively. The low-pitched rotary shaft 85A is rotatably supported via a bearing (not shown) on a mounting bracket fixed to the low-pitched inner side surface of the bending column 89, one end of which constitutes the side surface of the musical instrument body. The other end is also rotatably supported by a bearing mounting bracket 91 fixed to a tengu nose 90 of the frame 28 (FIG. 1) via a bearing 92, and an intermediate portion is formed on a lower surface and a middle portion of the frame 28. It is rotatably supported by a holding member arranged on the frame 93 (FIG. 1) via a bearing cross (neither is shown). Similarly, the middle and high-pitched rotary shafts 85B have one end rotatably supported by the bearing mounting bracket 91 via the bearing 95 and the other end fixed to the high-pitched inner surface of the bending column 89. Is rotatably supported by a mounting bracket 96 via a bearing 97, and an intermediate portion is rotatably supported by a holding member disposed on the frame 28 and the intermediate frame 93 via a bearing cross (neither is shown). It is pivotally supported.

A buffer table 87 is attached to each of the rotating shafts 85A and 85B.
As shown in FIG. 6, the cushioning member 88 arranged via the first cushioning material 88A, which is laminated and fixed, has a relatively hard first cushioning material 88A, and a softer second cushioning material 88B and second cushioning material 88B. It is composed of a covering material 88C such as leather and a resin film. The material of the buffer table 87 is wood,
Aluminum alloy, iron, etc. are used.

The operating means 84 for switching the blocking means 83 between the normal playing state and the non-string playing state is the shelf board 1
A knob 101 disposed at an appropriate place on the lower surface of the front end portion of the holder via a holder 100, the rotary shafts 85A and 85B, and the knob 101.
It is composed of a wire 102 (102A, 102B) or the like for connecting the. Wire 102 on the high-pitched side (also on the bass side)
As for A, as shown in FIG. 5, one end of the wire case 105 is connected to the knob 101, and an intermediate portion is detachably attached to a metal fitting 104 provided on the inner surface of the bending column 89 on the treble side. Is slidably held by the other end, and the other end is connected and held to the wire connecting plate 106 arranged on the high-pitched rotary shaft 85B.

In the normal playing state, the rotating shafts 85A and 85B have a cushioning member 88 that faces the front of the piano as shown by the solid line in FIG.
It is set and held so as to be positioned higher, and in this state, the cushioning member 88 is positioned above the range of motion of the hammer shank 54. Therefore, keyboard 4
Even if the action mechanism 32 is rotated by pressing the key,
The hammer shank 54 does not come into contact with the blocking means 83 and is not blocked from rotating, and enables the hammer 64 to strike a string. From this state, when the knob 101 is pulled toward the player to switch to the non-string playing state, the rotary shafts 85A, 85
B is rotated approximately 90 ° clockwise in FIGS. 5 and 6 to direct the cushioning member 88 vertically downward as shown in FIG. 2 and move it within the range of motion of the hammer shank 54. The height of the lower surface of the cushioning member 88 at this time is the height at which the hammer shank 54 abuts when the hammer 64 is rotated by the same rotation angle as in the normal performance, in other words, in the normal performance and the non-string striking performance. The hammer 64 is set to have the same turning distance (47.5 mm), which allows the escape time of the jack 43 during non-string striking to be the same as during normal playing. If the blocking means 83 is arranged between the inner surfaces of the bending columns 89 and the cushioning member 88 is located above the lower surface 108 of the pin plate 107 in the normal playing state, the keyboard 4 and When the action mechanism 32 is pulled out from the instrument body together with the keyboard reed 2, it does not get in the way.

The operating means 84 of the blocking means 83 is not limited to the knob 101 and the wire 102, and various changes can be made. For example, the blocking means 83 can be directly rotated by pedal operation, or can be rotated by a drive motor, solenoid or the like. Of course, it may be moved. When a drive motor is used, the rotation of the motor is controlled by gears or the like to rotate the rotating shafts 85A, 85
You can send it to B. In the case of a solenoid, a link may be used.

When the keyboard reed 2 is tilted as shown in FIG. 2 during non-string striking performance, the rear end of the keyboard 4 lowers and the distance from the damper lever 77 increases, so that the movement of the keyboard 4 is transmitted to the damper mechanism 33. It may not be possible to communicate.
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7, the keyboard 4 is retracted to the standby position shown in FIG. 1 at the time of normal performance, and as shown in FIG. A vertically movable spacer 110 is inserted in a gap between the upper surface of the rear end portion of the No. 4 and the damper lever 77 so as to correspond to each keyboard 4. With this, the keyboard 4 and the damper lever when not striking a string are played. The distance to 77 is set to be substantially equal to the distance during normal performance. The spacer 110 is made of felt or the like, and is fixed to the upper surface of the plate-shaped holding member 111. The holding member 111 is provided in a concave portion 112 formed in the upper surface of the rear end portion of the shelf board 1 so as to extend for all 88 keys of the keyboard 4 or a holder 113 which is divided for each musical range. On the upper surface of the action mechanism, that is, slidably inserted into the guide holes 114 formed at the arrangement pitch (13 mm) of the action mechanism 32. On the lower surface of the holder 113, a rotary shaft 115 whose both ends are pivotally supported by bearings (not shown) is integrally provided, and the rotary shaft 115 is rotated in conjunction with the vertical movement of the keyboard reed 2. Is configured. As the interlocking configuration,
For example, the connecting arm 116 may be provided on one side surface of the holder 113 (or the rotating shaft 115), and the tip of the connecting arm 116 may be connected to the keyboard reed 2 or the actuator unit 7B. Further, the rotating shaft 115 can be independently rotated by a lever or the like. When the keyboard 4 is pressed in the string-playing state, the holding member 111 corresponding to the keyboard is pushed up by the upper surface of the rear end portion of the keyboard 4, so that the spacer 110 pushes up the damper lever 77 to rotate. Therefore, the damper mechanism 33 works well as in the normal performance, and the damper 8
Separate 0 from string 3.

In FIG. 1, 121 is a keyboard lid, 122 is a key sensor, and 123 is a hammer sensor. The key sensor 122 is arranged corresponding to each keyboard 4, and the shutter 124 arranged on the lower surface of the keyboard 4 blocks the light emitted from the light emitting element and received by the light receiving element when the key is pressed, so that the key sensor 122 of the keyboard 4 can be operated. It is configured to detect motion. The hammer sensor 123 also includes a light emitting element and a light receiving element, and a shutter 125 disposed on the hammer shank 54 blocks the light emitted from the light emitting element and received by the light receiving element during the string striking operation. Is configured to detect movement of the. Key sensor 12
The detection outputs of 2 and the hammer sensor 123 are input to a tone control circuit (not shown). The tone control circuit operates according to the detected output, and causes the electronic sound source to generate an electronic sound. Further, in this embodiment, these sensors 122, 123
The recording apparatus has a recording device (not shown) for recording the output signal of 1 as a performance information signal on a recording medium such as a floppy disk. Since the recording of the movements of the keyboard 4 and the action mechanism 32 is controlled independently of the blocking means 83, the keyboard 4 is not only in the normal playing state but also in the non-string striking state.
And the movement of the action mechanism 32 can be recorded. Then, by reading the performance information signal recorded on this recording medium, the actuator 1
2 can be played automatically. Incidentally, such a key sensor 122 and a hammer sensor 123 are disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
It is known as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 24894.

Next, the operation of the grand piano having the above structure will be described. In FIG. 1, during normal performance, the reed holding member 7 is held at the upper position and the reed 2
Is set to be substantially horizontal. In this state, the blocking means 83 is set and held substantially horizontally as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, and is located above the range of motion of the hammer shank 54. The spacer 110 is retracted to the rear of the keyboard 4. Therefore, in this state, the keyboard 4 is depressed,
Even if the jack 43 pushes up the hammer assembly 42 to rotate it, the hammer shank 54 does not contact the cushioning member 88 of the blocking means 83 to prevent further rotation, and the hammer 64 strikes the string 3. can do. The damper mechanism 33 operates in conjunction with the keyboard 4, and separates from the string 3 immediately before the hammer 64 strikes the string 3. Therefore, a normal performance can be performed.

Next, the switching means 8 is driven to drive the reed holding member 7.
When the keyboard reed 2 is lowered to the position shown in FIG. 2, the keyboard reed 2 tilts backward by a predetermined angle and moves the action mechanism 32 away from the string 3. In conjunction with this, the holder 112 rotates forward,
The spacer 110 is attached to the rear end of each keyboard 4 and the damper lever 7.
Insert it in the gap with 7. Next, when the knob 101 is pulled toward the front side and the wire 102 is pulled, the rotating shafts 85A and 85B of the blocking means 83 rotate about 90 ° in the clockwise direction in FIG. The shank 54 is inserted and positioned within the range of motion. As a result, the normal playing state is switched to the non-string playing state. FIG. 2 shows this state. In this non-string-playing state, when the keyboard 4 is pressed, the action mechanism 32 operates in conjunction with this, and when the hammer roller 55 is pushed up as the jack 43 moves upward, the hammer assembly 42 moves clockwise. Rotate and fly. Then, the jack 43 comes into contact with the regulating button 68 during the string striking operation and is prevented from rising, so that the jack 43 rotates clockwise and the hammer roller 55.
Escape from the bottom of. This escape time is set when the hammer 64 approaches the string 3 by about 10 mm as described above. Therefore, at this time, the hammer assembly 42
The key-depressing operation force of the keyboard 4 transmitted to is almost equal to that of the conventional piano. On the other hand, the hammer assembly 42 tries to continue to rotate upward even after the jack 43 escapes, but immediately before the hammer 64 hits the string 3, the hammer shank 54 abuts on the cushioning member 88 of the blocking means 83. Since the above rotation is prevented, the hammer 64 is repelled without hitting the string 3 and returns to the initial position. The jack 43 also descends in conjunction with the whip pen 40, and the upper end surface thereof reenters the lower portion of the hammer roller 55 and returns to the initial position. As a result, it is possible to perform a non-string-striking performance in which no string-striking sound is emitted.

In this case, the hammer 64 is close to the keyboard reed 2
Since it is set and held at about 10 mm by lowering, the hammer 64 is not likely to hit the string 3 even if the hammer shank 54 bends at the time of strong and medium keystrokes.

When performing an automatic performance, the performance information signal recorded on the above-mentioned recording medium is read out, and each actuator 12 of the actuator unit 7B is driven according to this performance information signal. Since the keyboard 4 corresponding to is pushed up, the keyboard 4 can be operated as if the player performed a key depression operation with a finger. At this time, similarly to the recording of the performance information signal described above, the performance information signal can be reproduced not only in the normal performance state but also in the non-striking performance state. When the keyboard 4 is reproduced in the non-string-striking performance state, the sound-damping device 82 prevents the hammer 64 from striking the string, but no string-striking sound is generated although the keyboard 4 operates in response to the performance information signal. Here, since the keyboard 4 and the action mechanism 32 operate in the same manner as in the normal playing state, the movements of the keyboard 4 and the action mechanism 32 are detected by the sensors 122 and 123, an electronic sound is generated from the electronic sound source, and recorded on the recording medium. The automatic performance corresponding to the generated performance information signal can be heard as an electronic sound.

Thus, in the grand piano having such a structure, even when the keyboard reed 2 is tilted and the action mechanism 32 is moved away from the string 3 at the time of non-striking performance, the escape time of the jack 43 does not change. The key touch feeling during string playing can be made the same as the key touch feeling during normal performance. In addition, a hammer 6 is used during normal playing and non-string playing.
Since the rotation angles of 4 are the same, it is possible to optimize both the normal performance and the non-string striking performance. Further, even if the keyboard reed 2 is tilted, the height of the front end of the keyboard 4 itself is slightly increased, but since it is a value that can be almost ignored, the playing feeling is impaired and the appearance around the lower mouth stick 21 is impaired. There is no fear. Furthermore, in the present invention, since the spacer 110 is arranged behind the keyboard 4 and is inserted in the gap between the damper lever 77 and the upper surface of the rear end portion of the keyboard 4 during non-striking performance, The damper mechanism 33 can be operated in the same manner as in the normal performance even in the non-string striking performance. Therefore, the feeling of touching the key during non-string striking is not reduced. In addition, the conventional movable shelves that move in parallel in the vertical direction between the upper position and the lower position complicate the shelf structure and lower the strength and rigidity, but in the present invention, the upper surface of the shelf 1 is inclined. Since it only needs to be carried out, the shelf board structure is simple, and the reduction in strength and rigidity can be prevented from being reduced.

Further, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a key sensor 122 is provided on the upper surface of the front end of the keyboard reed 2 for each keyboard 4.
The hammer sensor 123 is arranged above the hammer shank 54 corresponding to each action mechanism 32 via the bracket 127, and the movement of the keyboard 4 and the action mechanism 32 is detected by these both sensors. However, since the musical tone control circuit is controlled by the detection signal to generate an electronic tone from the electronic sound source, you can enjoy playing the electronic piano without damaging the touch feeling of the grand piano. Listening to electronic sounds through headphones or making them sound at a low volume from a speaker will not cause noise pollution to nearby residents regardless of whether it is daytime or nighttime. Furthermore, according to the embodiment described above, the keyboard 4
Alternatively, the recording / reproducing of the movement of the action mechanism 32 can be performed in any state (normal playing state or non-string playing state). Therefore, the recording / reproducing of the movement of the keyboard 4 or the action mechanism 32 does not cause noise pollution to the inhabitants in the neighborhood regardless of daytime or nighttime. Further, since the rear end of the keyboard reed 2 is supported by the actuator unit 7B and the keyboard reed 2 is tilted by moving the actuator unit 7B up and down, it is possible to switch between the normal performance and the non-stringed performance. It is possible to record / reproduce the movement of the keyboard 4 or the action mechanism 32. In addition, according to the present invention, the bearing 19 is provided on the upper surface of the shelf board, and the keyboard reed 2 can be lowered further than in the non-striking performance state. Since it can be supported by, the keyboard reed 2 can be easily put in and taken out. Further, in the above-described embodiment, since the lower surface of the keyboard reed 2 is formed flat, the keyboard 2 can be taken in and out more easily.

The key sensor 122 and the hammer sensor 123 are shown to be optically detected by using the light-receiving and light-emitting elements, but the invention is not limited to this, and they may be detected by using a switch.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the blocking means for blocking the striking of the hammer. In this embodiment, a blocking means 83 is arranged between the string 3 and the hammer assembly 42 so as to be movable in the keyboard juxtaposition direction. The blocking means 83 includes a plurality of cushion members 142 on the lower surface of the hammer shank stopper 141 whose both ends are supported by the stays 140 and the arrangement pitch of the action mechanisms 32 (about 1).
3 mm) and arranged in parallel at substantially the same pitch, and when switching from the normal playing state to the non-string playing state or vice versa, the hammer shank stopper 141 is operated by an appropriate operating means such as an operating lever and a drive motor. With the stay 140, move it to the left or right by about half the pitch for action splitting.
4, the cushion members 142 are displaced so that the cushion members 142 correspond to the hammer shank 54 at the time of non-striking performance. Even in such a configuration, it is possible to switch between the normal performance and the non-string striking performance.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing still another embodiment of the blocking means. In this embodiment, the hammer 6 is used during non-string playing.
Blocking means 83 for blocking the rotation of the string 4 is inserted between the string 3 and the hammer head 63B to block the striking of the string 3. The blocking means 83 is composed of a plate 151, a felt 152 fixed to the lower surface of the plate 151, and an appropriate operating means such as an operating lever for operating the plate 151 and a drive motor. Is inserted between the string 3 and the hammer head 63B by parallel movement or rotation in the front-rear direction, it is possible to prevent the hammer 64 from hitting the string 3. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the front end of the keyboard reed 2 is supported by the front end of the shelf board 1.
Not limited to this, as shown in FIG. 10, it may be supported by a bearing 19 provided at the front part of the shelf board 1.
In this case, as shown in the figure, a recess may be provided in a portion of the keyboard reed 2 with which the bearing 19 abuts, so as to restrict the movement of the keyboard reed 2 forward or backward. Also,
When the keyboard reed 2 is supported by the bearings 19, as shown in FIG. 1 or 2, the keyboard is placed directly below the position where the player of the keyboard 4 normally plays (the center of the white key or the tip of the black key). If the bearing 19 that supports the reed 2 is provided, the height of the position on the keyboard 4 where the player plays is not changed. If the bearing 19 is provided at a position close to the front end of the keyboard reed 2, it is possible to reduce the change in the height of the tip of the keyboard 4 during normal playing and non-string playing.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, instead of inclining the keyboard reed 2, the keyboard reed 2 may be moved vertically. In addition, although the holder 113 of the spacer 110 is rotated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7, it may be moved in the front-rear direction. Furthermore, although the present invention has been described with respect to the case where the actuator unit 7B is arranged below the rear end of the keyboard 4, the present invention is not limited to this, and a bolsessa type automatic piano arranged above the front end of the keyboard 4 may be used. It is possible.

[0047]

As described above, in the keyboard musical instrument according to the present invention, the keyboard reed provided with the keyboard and the action mechanism is configured to be movable in the vertical direction, and the keyboard reed is tilted backward when not hitting a string. Alternatively, since the action mechanism is configured to be lowered in parallel to keep the action mechanism away from the strings, the turning angle of the hammer and the escape time of the jack can be made the same during normal playing and non-string playing. Therefore, it is possible to enjoy the normal performance and the non-string striking performance without impairing the touch feeling of the keys. Further, since the keyboard reed is moved, the shelf structure is simpler than the structure in which the shelf plate is moved up and down, and the strength of the shelf plate can be prevented from lowering. Further, when the keyboard reed is tilted, the rear end of the keyboard is lowered, but the height at the front end side hardly changes, and the playability and appearance are not impaired.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of an action mechanism section during normal performance showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a grand piano capable of automatic performance.

FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the same action mechanism section during non-string striking performance.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an actuator unit.

FIG. 4 is a side view of essential parts showing another embodiment of the keyboard reed.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a main part of the blocking means and its operating means.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an essential part showing the attachment structure of the blocking means.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a spacer mounting structure.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the blocking means.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing still another embodiment of the blocking means.

FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of an essential part showing another embodiment of the keyboard reed supporting structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shelf board, 2 ... Keyboard reed, 3 ... String, 4 ... Keyboard, 7 ... Reed holding member, 7B ... Actuator unit, 8 ... Switching means,
12 ... Actuator, 32 ... Action mechanism, 33 ...
Damper mechanism, 40 ... Whip pen, 42 ... Hammer assembly, 43 ... Jack, 44 ... Hammer shank, 5
6 ... Small Jack, 65 ... Hammer, 83 ... Blocking means, 1
10 ... Spacer.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A keyboard reed movably arranged on a shelf board in a direction in which the keyboards are arranged in parallel, a keyboard and an action mechanism installed on the keyboard reed, and a hammer of the action mechanism is hit during a normal performance. Blocking means that does not block the strings and blocks the rotation of the hammer assembly immediately before the hammer hits the string when playing a string, and the keyboard reed is vertically displaced to set the normal playing state and the non-string playing state. A keyboard musical instrument comprising switching means for switching. 2. A keyboard reed movably arranged on a shelf board in a direction in which the keyboards are arranged side by side, a keyboard and an action mechanism installed on the keyboard reed, and a hammering of the action mechanism by a hammer during normal performance. Blocking means that does not block the strings and blocks the rotation of the hammer assembly immediately before the hammer hits the string when not hitting, and supports the rear end of the keyboard reed, which is arranged corresponding to each keyboard. A plurality of actuators for rotating a corresponding keyboard during automatic performance, and switching means for vertically moving the actuator and the keyboard reed when switching between a normal performance state and a non-string-playing performance state. A keyboard instrument. 3. The keyboard musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the keyboard reed is vertically moved in parallel. 4. The keyboard musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the keyboard reed is vertically rotatable about a front end side as a fulcrum of rotation, and is held substantially horizontally above the shelf plate during normal playing and is not striking. A keyboard instrument that is tilted at a required angle so that the rear end is located below the front end when playing a string. 5. The keyboard musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein a bearing for guiding and supporting the keyboard reed is provided on an upper surface of the shelf plate. .