CN111458409A - Flexible ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic imaging detection system and detection method - Google Patents

Flexible ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic imaging detection system and detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111458409A
CN111458409A CN202010412964.2A CN202010412964A CN111458409A CN 111458409 A CN111458409 A CN 111458409A CN 202010412964 A CN202010412964 A CN 202010412964A CN 111458409 A CN111458409 A CN 111458409A
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module
flexible
probe
transducer array
detection device
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简小华
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Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology of CAS
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Suzhou Xisheng Technology Co ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/105732 priority patent/WO2021227261A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/42—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient
    • A61B8/4272—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient involving the acoustic interface between the transducer and the tissue
    • A61B8/4281—Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient involving the acoustic interface between the transducer and the tissue characterised by sound-transmitting media or devices for coupling the transducer to the tissue
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
    • B06B1/0648—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element of rectangular shape
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24—Probes
    • G01N29/2437—Piezoelectric probes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
    • G01S15/06—Systems determining the position data of a target
    • G01S15/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • B06B2201/50—Application to a particular transducer type
    • B06B2201/55—Piezoelectric transducer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • B06B2201/70—Specific application
    • B06B2201/76—Medical, dental

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Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible ultrasonic probe, an ultrasonic imaging detection system and a detection method, wherein the probe comprises a flexible transducer array and a shell, two ends of the shell are respectively communicated with the outside, a filling cavity with an opening at one end is arranged in the shell, the opening of the filling cavity faces one end of the shell, the flexible transducer array is connected to one end of the shell and is also arranged in a sealing way with the opening end of the filling cavity, so that the filling cavity forms a sealing cavity for filling a fluid filler, and the probe also comprises a deformation detection device which is arranged in the shell and is used for detecting the positions of different points of the flexible transducer array. The flexible ultrasonic probe provided by the invention has the advantages that the filling cavity is arranged, the fluid filling agent is filled in the filling cavity, the flexible transducer array can realize detection imaging of detected targets with different curvatures, the real-time detection and feedback of the curvatures of each array element can be realized by the built-in deformation detection device, and the flexibility and automation of imaging detection are improved.

Description

Flexible ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic imaging detection system and detection method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic imaging detection, and particularly relates to a flexible ultrasonic probe, an ultrasonic imaging detection system and a detection method, which can be used in the fields of medical imaging, industrial nondestructive inspection and the like.
Background
The ultrasonic transducer transmits and receives ultrasonic waves, and is a core device of an ultrasonic imaging system. At present, the geometric dimension of the conventional ultrasonic probe, whether a convex array, a concave array, a linear array or an area array, is fixed. Such as a convex/concave array probe with a fixed radius of curvature of the probe, array element spacing and distribution, etc. Therefore, in order to obtain good contact, it is necessary to closely attach the ultrasonic probe to the detection site and fill up the fine gaps with an ultrasonic couplant. Even so, good contact is often not obtained, resulting in a great impact on image quality. When human tissue is detected, if the human tissue is not a soft tissue part but a skeleton (such as limb fracture), or the surface of a detection device is not plane or the curvature is not matched with a transducer when metal flaw detection is carried out, or the curvature of the surface of a detection target is continuously changed irregularly, a probe with a corresponding shape and size must be developed for detection, and great inconvenience is brought to imaging and detection.
Therefore, when the surface irregular target is detected, the coupling medium such as an ultrasonic coupling agent or a water sac is mostly adopted to realize the close contact with the target in the medical imaging, but the method has the defects that the coupling agent has the target with large gaps, the fluidity of the coupling agent cannot fill the convex target, and the water sac needs a probe with a matched mounting structure and increases the detection distance, attenuation and the like, so the method is less in practical application besides endoscopic imaging in clinic. In nondestructive flaw detection, the most of rigid materials are matched by a wedge block. The wedges are also rigid and flexible (mostly with the removal of water). However, the rigid wedge can only deal with the object with a fixed surface shape, different wedges need to be replaced by different curvatures, and objects with continuously changing curvatures, such as blades and the like, cannot be detected. The flexible wedge block can be matched with different curvature radiuses, and a liquid immersion method is mostly adopted at present. However, some targets cannot use the liquid immersion method because of limited structure, material properties, detection space, and the like. Therefore, in recent years, flexible ultrasonic transducer arrays have become the preferred method for detecting irregular objects due to the advantages of the shape of the array being variable with the surface of the object, the need for water pockets, wedges, etc.
The current flexible ultrasonic transducer mainly adopts the method that the transducer is embedded in a flexible substrate, and the transducers are connected by adopting a flexible connecting line (such as fpcb and the like) to realize certain tortuosity change. The transducer comprises a flexible piezoelectric ceramic composite material wafer, a damping back material, a matching layer, a flexible circuit board, a coaxial cable and a probe interface, wherein the matching layer, the flexible piezoelectric ceramic composite material wafer and the damping back material are sequentially bonded together to form an acoustic lamination, the flexible circuit board is connected with the flexible piezoelectric ceramic composite material wafer, and a multi-core coaxial cable is led out from the flexible circuit board to the probe interface. The flexible probe can be directly attached to the surface of a detection target, can adapt to targets with different curvatures, but cannot be applied to targets with continuously changed curvatures. In addition, the imaging detection can be completed only by manually measuring and inputting parameters such as curvature, imaging aperture, angle of view and the like after the attachment.
In addition, there is also a flexible ultrasonic transducer array similar to that disclosed in chinese patent CN101152646A, the ultrasonic transducer array includes not less than 2 ultrasonic transducer units, the flexible ultrasonic transducer array further includes a flexible layer medium, the ultrasonic transducer units are disposed in the flexible medium or on the surface of the flexible medium in an array form, and the shape of the flexible layer medium is changeable so as to be attached to the surface of the ultrasonic therapy/ultrasonic imaging object. Because the flexible ultrasonic transducer array can be attached to various body parts with different surface shapes, the effect of ultrasonic therapy/ultrasonic imaging which cannot be achieved in the prior art can be obtained, and the curvature of the attached measuring probe of the independent shape scanner (optical) is provided for later imaging. However, in the method, the detection probe is still based on a flexible medium, so that the target with larger continuous change of curvature cannot be measured, secondly, the shape scanner needs to be separately configured for scanning, so that the testing difficulty is increased, and the curvature of the detected target is difficult to obtain in some positions if the position is blocked.
In summary, the following problems mainly exist in the current flexible ultrasonic transducer: firstly, a flexible substrate is adopted, the curvature change is limited, and the flexible substrate cannot be suitable for the condition of large curvature continuous change; secondly, after the probe is attached to the surface of the target, parameters such as curvature and angle of view of the probe need to be measured and acquired, and the probe can be used for image processing at a later stage. However, the existing method needs to be assisted by a third-party shape scanner, and the application scene is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an improved flexible ultrasound probe.
The invention also provides an ultrasonic imaging detection system and a detection method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a flexible ultrasonic probe, includes flexible transducer array, the probe still includes the shell that both ends communicate with the external world respectively, one end open-ended fills the chamber has in the shell, fill the opening orientation in chamber the one end of shell, flexible transducer array connects the shell one end just flexible transducer array still with fill the sealed setting of the open end in chamber, make it forms the sealed cavity that is used for filling the fluid filler to fill the chamber, the probe still including set up be used for detecting in the shell the deformation detection device of the position of the different point of flexible transducer array.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the deformation detecting device includes a substrate fixedly disposed in the housing, and detecting heads distributed on the substrate in an array, a reflective film is formed on a surface of the flexible transducer array facing the deformation detecting device, and all the detecting heads are respectively configured to detect a distance between each detecting head and the reflective film.
Further, the deformation detection device is an optical fiber distance measurement device or an ultrasonic thickness measurement device, when the deformation detection device is the optical fiber distance measurement device, the detection head is an optical fiber detection head, and the reflective film is an optical reflective film; when the deformation detection device is an ultrasonic thickness measuring device, the detection head is an ultrasonic detection head, and the reflecting film is an acoustic reflecting film.
According to some implementation aspects of the invention, the filling cavity is formed by enclosing the inner wall of the shell, the flexible transducer array and the deformation detection device together, or the filling cavity is a cavity with an opening at one end and separately arranged inside the shell.
Further, fill the chamber by the inner wall of shell, flexible transducer array and deformation detection device enclose jointly and establish and form, flexible transducer array with sealed glue of adoption is sealed between the shell, deformation detection device's the face towards flexible transducer array's one side is formed with and is used for keeping apart filler and deformation detection device's isolation layer.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the filling cavity is opened with a valve for injecting the filler and discharging the filler.
According to some implementation aspects of the invention, the shell comprises a shell body with two ends capable of being respectively communicated with the outside, and a shoe connected to one end of the shell body and the inside of which is communicated with the inside of the shell body, the shell wall of the shell body is provided with a hollow channel, the flexible transducer array is connected to the other end of the shell body, the probe further comprises a connection cable connected to the shoe, the flexible transducer array is connected with the connection cable through a lead, and the lead enters the inside of the shoe through the hollow channel of the shell body and is electrically connected with the connection cable.
Further, the deformation detection device is arranged in the shell and is electrically connected with the connecting cable through a wire.
Preferably, a switching circuit board is arranged in the collet, the switching circuit board is electrically connected with the flexible transducer array, the deformation detection device and the connection cable respectively, and the switching circuit board is used for converting the connection wires of the flexible transducer array and the deformation detection device with different specifications into standard coaxial cables and then connecting the standard coaxial cables with the connection cable.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the flexible transducer array includes a flexible substrate, at least 2 transducer elements embedded in the flexible substrate, a backing film formed on an inner surface of the flexible substrate for isolating the flexible substrate from a filler, and a reflective film formed on an inner surface of the backing film, wherein the deformation detecting device is configured to detect a distance between the deformation detecting device and the reflective film.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: an ultrasonic imaging detection system comprises the flexible ultrasonic probe.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ultrasonic imaging detection system further comprises a host electrically connected to the probe, the host comprising a T/R switch module, an L NA module, a TGC module, an AD sampling module, a control module, and an image processor, the host further comprising a power supply excitation module and a display screen,
the control module controls the deformation detection device to detect distance data between the flexible transducer array element and the deformation detection device, and after processing, data required by subsequent ultrasonic imaging detection is obtained;
the power supply excitation module is respectively connected with the control module and the T/R conversion switch module and is used for transmitting excitation voltage required by work to the probe so as to enable the probe to transmit ultrasonic waves, and the excitation voltage firstly passes through the T/R conversion switch module and then transmits signals to the probe;
the T/R conversion switch module is also used for receiving an ultrasonic echo signal fed back by the probe;
the L NA module is used for receiving the ultrasonic echo signal entering from the R/T change-over switch module and processing the ultrasonic echo signal;
the TGC module is used for receiving the signals processed by the L NA module and performing time gain compensation, is also connected with the control module, and adjusts the parameters set by the TGC according to the data obtained after the data detected by the deformation detection device are processed by the control module so as to perform real-time gain compensation;
the AD sampling module is used for receiving the signals output by the TGC module, then performing beam forming and imaging processing through the image processor, and displaying the signals on the display screen.
Furthermore, the deformation detection device is an optical fiber detection device, the ultrasonic imaging detection system further comprises a deformation measurement module respectively connected with the control system and the probe, the deformation measurement module is controlled by the control module and used for inputting detection signals to the deformation detection device and receiving and processing data detected by the deformation detection device, and the processed data is conveyed back to the control module and processed to obtain data required by subsequent ultrasonic imaging detection.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: an ultrasonic imaging detection method uses an ultrasonic imaging detection system which comprises the flexible ultrasonic probe.
According to some implementation aspects of the invention, the ultrasonic imaging detection system further comprises a host computer electrically connected with the probe, the host computer comprises a T/R conversion switch module, an L NA module, a TGC module, an AD sampling module, a control module and an image processor which are connected in sequence, the host computer further comprises a power supply excitation module and a display screen, the power supply excitation module is respectively connected with the T/R conversion switch module and the control module, and the detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) closely attaching the probe to the surface of the detected target;
(2) the control module controls the deformation detection device to detect distance data between the deformation detection device and the flexible transducer array of the probe, and after processing, data required by subsequent ultrasonic imaging detection is obtained;
(3) the control module controls the power supply excitation module to emit excitation voltage required by the operation of the probe, so that the probe emits ultrasonic waves;
(4) echo signals of the probe enter an L NA module for processing after passing through the T/R change-over switch module, and then are subjected to time gain compensation through the TGC module;
(5) the signals passing through the TGC module are collected by the AD sampling module, then input into the image processor for beam forming and imaging processing, and finally displayed on the display screen to finish the imaging or detection of the target.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, in the step (1), the shape of the target to be detected is observed, and if the portion in contact with the probe is a convex structure, a part of the filler in the filling cavity is derived to fit the flexible transducer array of the probe to the surface of the target to be detected, and then the filler is injected into the filling cavity to tightly attach the contact surface; and if the part contacted with the probe is of a concave structure, filling agent is injected into the filling cavity to enable the flexible transducer array of the probe to be tightly attached to the surface of the detected target.
According to a further implementation aspect of the present invention, in step (4), the TGC module is further connected to the control module, and the parameters set by the TGC module are adjusted according to the data obtained by processing the data detected by the deformation detection device, so as to perform real-time gain compensation.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the flexible ultrasonic probe provided by the invention has the advantages that the filling cavity is arranged, the fluid filling agent is filled in the filling cavity, the flexible transducer array can realize detection imaging of detected targets with different curvatures, the real-time detection and feedback of the curvatures of each array element can be realized by the built-in deformation detection device, and the flexibility and automation of imaging detection are improved.
The flexible ultrasonic probe effectively overcomes the defects that the existing flexible ultrasonic probe is not tightly attached to a target, has no deformation detection function and needs manual work or assistance of a third-party mapping system, can realize automatic test on an irregular variable curved surface target, has simple structure and complete functions, and meets the requirements of irregular target ultrasonic imaging and nondestructive inspection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a flexible ultrasonic probe of embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram illustrating a use state of the flexible ultrasonic probe of embodiment 1 when a surface for detecting a detected object is a concave surface;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram illustrating a use state of the flexible ultrasonic probe of embodiment 1 when a surface for detecting a target to be detected is a convex surface;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible transducer array of the flexible ultrasound probe of embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic imaging detection system of embodiment 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic block configuration diagram of an ultrasonic imaging detection system according to embodiment 2;
in the figure: 100. a probe;
1. a housing; 1a, a shell; 1b, a bottom support; 2. a flexible transducer array; 2a, a flexible substrate; 2b, transducer elements; 2b1, matching layer; 2b2, a piezoelectric layer; 2b3, backing; 2c, a common ground wire; 2d, a base liner film; 2e, an electrode plate; 3. a chuck; 4. filling the cavity; 5. a deformation detecting device; 5a, a substrate; 5b, a detection head; 6. connecting a cable; 7. a valve;
200. a host;
21. the device comprises a deformation measuring module, a T/R conversion switch module 22, a power supply excitation module 23, a 24 and L NA module, a 25 and TGC module, an AD sampling module 26, a 27 and control module 28 and an image processor.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail by the following specific examples, which are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the flexible ultrasonic probe 100 of this embodiment includes a flexible transducer array 2 and a housing 1 having two ends respectively communicating with the outside, a filling cavity 4 having an open end is provided in the housing 1, the opening of the filling cavity 4 faces one end of the housing 1, the flexible transducer array 2 is connected to one end of the housing 1, and the flexible transducer array 2 is further disposed in a sealing manner with the open end of the filling cavity 4, so that the filling cavity 4 forms a sealed cavity for filling a fluid filler, the flexible ultrasonic probe 100 further includes a deformation detection device 5 disposed in the housing 1, when the flexible ultrasonic probe 100 is used, the flexible transducer array 2 is attached to a surface of a target to be detected, and the deformation detection device 5 is used for detecting positions of different points of the flexible transducer array 2.
The filling cavity 4 may be formed by enclosing the inner wall surface of the casing 1, the flexible transducer array 2 and the deformation detecting device 5 together, or may be a cavity with one open end independently arranged inside the casing 1. In this example, the filling cavity 4 is defined by the inner wall surface of the casing 1, the flexible transducer array 2 and the deformation detecting device 5, the flexible transducer array 2 is fixedly connected to the end of the casing 1 through the chuck 8, and the flexible transducer array 2 and the casing 1 are sealed through the sealant. The chuck 8 may be a metal member (e.g., aluminum, stainless steel, etc.) or a plastic member (e.g., acrylic, PTFE, etc.) having a certain holding and fixing structure.
The fluid filling agent filled in the filling cavity 4 can be liquid or colloid, such as one or a combination of water, silicone oil, ultrasonic coupling agent and the like.
The shell 1 is provided with valves for injecting the filler into the filling cavity 4 and guiding out the filler, the valves can be a liquid inlet valve for injecting the filler and a liquid outlet valve for discharging the filler, or a valve 7 for injecting the filler and guiding out the filler. In this example, a valve 7 is provided. Taking the volume of the filling cavity when the flexible transducer array 2 is not deformed as the initial volume of the filling cavity, and when the filling amount of the filling agent exceeds the initial volume of the filling cavity, pressing the flexible transducer array 2 to protrude out of the end face of the probe 100, as shown in fig. 2, the surface suitable for the detected target is a concave surface at this time; when the filling amount of the filler is less than the initial volume of the filling cavity, the flexible transducer array 2 is recessed into the end face of the probe 100, as shown in fig. 3, where the surface suitable for the object to be detected is a convex surface. The shape of the specific deformation of the flexible transducer array 2 is determined by the shape of the surface of the inspected object in contact.
In this example, the housing 1 includes a casing 1a having two ends respectively communicating with the outside, and a base 1b having one end connected to one end of the casing 1a, a wall of the casing 1a has a hollow channel having two ends respectively communicating with the outside and the inside of the base 1b, the flexible transducer array 2 is connected to the other end of the casing 1a, the flexible ultrasonic probe 100 further includes a connection cable 6 connected to the base 1b, the flexible transducer array 2 is connected to the connection cable 6 through a wire, and the wire enters the inside of the base 1b through the hollow channel of the casing 1a and is electrically connected to the connection cable 6. The deformation detection device 5 is connected in the housing 1a, and the deformation detection device 5 is electrically connected with the connection cable 6 through a wire.
Casing 1a can play support and fixed action to flexible transducer array 2, collet 1b can play the effect of supporting casing 1a, the inside cavity of collet 1b can be used for flexible transducer array 2's wire and deformation detecting device 5's wire to insert, also can set up switching circuit board in collet 1b, switching circuit board is connected with flexible transducer array 2 and deformation detecting device 5 electricity respectively, switching circuit board is used for being connected with connecting cable 6 behind the coaxial cable that changes flexible transducer array 2 and the different specifications of deformation detecting device 5 into the standard with the connecting wire.
As shown in fig. 4, the flexible transducer array 2 includes a flexible substrate 2a, at least 2 transducer elements 2b embedded inside the flexible substrate 2a, a backing film 2d formed on an inner surface of the flexible substrate 2a for isolating the flexible substrate 2a from the filler, and a reflective film formed on an inner surface of the backing film 2 d. The shape of the transducer element 2b may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, a cylinder, a hexagonal prism, or the like. When the flexible transducer array 2 is specifically set, the flexible transducer array can be a linear array, an area array, a convex array, a concave array and the like, the central frequency of the flexible transducer array is in the range of 20 KHz-60 MHz, and the number of array elements is more than 2.
Each transducer array element 2b comprises a matching layer 2b1, a piezoelectric layer 2b2 and a back lining 2b3 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the piezoelectric layer 2b2 is made of materials with piezoelectric effect and inverse electric effect and can be piezoelectric ceramics PZT, piezoelectric single crystals PMN-PT, piezoelectric thin films PVDF, AIN and the like; the matching layer 2b1 mainly optimizes acoustic impedance, which may be one or more layers, the acoustic impedance is between the piezoelectric ceramic and the detected target, the material may be silver glue, Parylene, plastic film, and mixture of high molecular epoxy, rubber, silica gel and doped small particles such as alumina powder; backing 2b3 is an acoustic absorbing material that can be a mixture of silver glue, metal, and polymeric epoxy, rubber, silicone and doped small particles such as tungsten powder.
The top surface of the foremost conductive layer of all transducer elements 2b (piezoelectric layer 2b2, i.e. on top of piezoelectric layer 2b2 if matching layer 2b1 is not conductive; matching layer 2b1, i.e. on top of matching layer 2b1 if matching layer 2b1 is conductive) has a flexible common ground conductor 2c, which is mainly connected to the top surfaces of the conductive layers of all transducer elements 2b and to the ground cable in connection cable 6. The common ground lead 2c has stretching and conductive properties, and the material can be metal nanowires such as tellurium-gold heterogeneous nanowires, silver nanowires and the like, conductive hydrogel fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene and the like.
The lower surface of the last conductive layer of each transducer element 2b (piezoelectric layer 2b2, i.e. on the lower surface of piezoelectric layer 2b2 if backing 2b3 is non-conductive; backing 2b3, i.e. on the lower surface of backing 2b3 if backing 2b3 is conductive) has a flexible electrode plate 2e, which electrode plate 2e essentially achieves a single channel connection for each transducer element 2b and is electrically connected to the connection cable 6. The electrode plate 2e can be a flexible printed circuit board made of Polyimide (PI) or polyester film as a base material and having high reliability. The high-density light-weight LED lamp has the characteristics of high wiring density, light weight, thin thickness and good bending property.
The flexible substrate 2a has good deformation characteristics, and the material can be one or a combination of more of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Polyimide (PI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and the like; the substrate lining film 2d is used for preventing the flexible substrate 2a from directly contacting with liquid in the filling cavity 4 to prevent the flexible substrate 2a from rapidly aging, denaturing and the like due to long-time contact with a filling agent, can be made of a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film, a PI (polyimide) film and the like, and also has good bending and stretching properties; the reflective film may be an optical or acoustic high reflective film, such as a metallic aluminum or gold film, and is a reference point for optically or acoustically measuring the distance by the deformation detecting device 5.
In this example, the deformation detecting device 5 includes a substrate 5a fixedly disposed in the housing 1a and detecting heads 5b distributed on the substrate 5a in an array, the deformation detecting device 5 may be an optical fiber distance measuring device or an ultrasonic thickness measuring device, when the deformation detecting device 5 is an optical fiber distance measuring device, the detecting head 5b is an optical fiber detecting head, and the reflective film is an optical reflective film; when the deformation detecting device 5 is an ultrasonic thickness measuring device, the detecting head 5b is an ultrasonic detecting head, and the reflecting film is an acoustic reflecting film. Specifically, the filling chamber 4 of the present embodiment is defined by the inner wall of the case 1a, the flexible transducer array 2, and the substrate 5a of the strain detector 5, and an isolation layer for isolating the filler from the substrate 5a and the detection head 5b is provided on one surface of the substrate 5a facing the flexible transducer array 2 and the detection head 5 b.
If the deformation detection device 5 is an optical fiber distance measurement device, a transmission optical fiber is also arranged in the connecting cable 6 to connect a subsequent system light source and a deformation measurement module.
The detection heads 5b may be distributed in a linear array or an area array, and the spacing therebetween is equal, specifically, the distance between the detection heads and the array elements when the flexible transducer array 2 is not deformed may be the same or different, and may be increased or decreased according to actual process requirements and precision requirements.
Example 2
The ultrasonic imaging detection system provided by the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, includes a flexible ultrasonic probe 100 and a host 200 electrically connected to the flexible ultrasonic probe 100, where the flexible ultrasonic probe 100 is the flexible ultrasonic probe of embodiment 1, and the host 200 is electrically connected to a connection cable 6 of the flexible ultrasonic probe 100.
As shown in fig. 6, the host 200 includes a T/R switch module 22, an L NA module 24, a TGC module 25, an AD sampling module 26, a control module 27, and an image processor 28, which are connected in sequence, the host 200 further includes a high voltage power supply excitation module 23 connected to the control module 27 and the T/R switch module 22, respectively, and the TGC module 25 is further connected to the control module 27.
In this example, the deformation detecting device 5 is an optical fiber detecting device. The host 200 further comprises a deformation measuring module 21, and the deformation measuring module 21 is respectively connected with the flexible ultrasonic probe 100 and the control module 27.
The host 200 also includes a display screen.
In this example, the host 200 may be a computer.
Specifically, the deformation measurement module 21 is controlled by the control module 27 to input a detection signal to the deformation detection device 5 and receive data detected by the deformation detection device 5, calculate the distance from each detection head 5b to the corresponding flexible transducer array 2, i.e. obtain the shape parameter of the deformed flexible transducer array 2, and then transmit the data back to the control module 27 for real-time TGC gain compensation processing, control the power excitation module 23 to perform beam forming delay parameter correction, and obtain data required for spatial position change of each point in the later-stage ultrasonic imaging.
The high voltage power excitation module 23 is configured to transmit an excitation voltage required for operation to the flexible ultrasonic probe 100, so that the probe 100 transmits ultrasonic waves, and the excitation voltage passes through the T/R switch module 22 and then transmits a signal to the probe 100. The transmission of the excitation voltage is performed by a control module 27 of the system to set different excitation delay times for the respective transducer elements according to data obtained by processing the data detected by the strain detector 5.
The T/R switch module 22 is also used to receive the ultrasound echo signal fed back by the flexible ultrasound probe 100.
The L NA module 24 is used to receive and process the ultrasonic echo signals coming from the R/T switch module 22.
The TGC module 25 is configured to receive the signal processed by the L NA module 24 and perform time gain compensation, and the TGC module 25 is further connected to the control module 27, and adjusts a parameter set by the TGC according to data obtained by processing the data detected by the deformation detecting device 5 by the control module 27 through the deformation measuring module 21, so as to perform real-time gain compensation.
The AD sampling module 26 is configured to receive the signal output by the TGC module 25, perform beamforming and imaging processing through the image processor 28, and finally display the signal on a display screen of the host in real time to complete imaging or detection of the target.
The detection method of the ultrasonic imaging detection system comprises the following steps:
(1) the surface of the probe 100 is coated with a layer of ultrasonic couplant, so that the probe 100 is attached to the surface of the detected target more closely.
(2) The probe 100 is closely attached to the surface of a detected target;
before the probe 100 is tightly attached to the surface of a detected target, the shape of the detected target is observed, corresponding operation is carried out, if the part in contact with the probe 100 is mainly of a convex structure, the valve 7 is opened, the probe is tightly attached to the detected target, the filler in the filling cavity 4 of the probe 100 flows out, the flexible transducer array 2 of the probe 100 is enabled to form a concave shape conforming to the shape of the target, and then a certain amount of filler is injected to enable the contact surface to be tighter; if the contact part with the probe 100 is observed to be mainly a concave structure, the filling agent is injected into the filling cavity 4 through the valve 7, and the flexible transducer array on the surface of the probe is observed to be tightly attached to the surface of the target.
(3) The control module 27 controls the deformation measuring module 21 to input a detection signal to the deformation detecting device 5, the deformation detecting device 5 detects the distance between the detection head 5b and the reflective film of the flexible transducer array 2, then the detected signal is fed back to the deformation measuring module 21 to be processed, the geometric shape distribution of the deformed flexible transducer array 2 is constructed, relevant data is fed back to the control module 27, and data required by later ultrasonic imaging detection including curvature radius of each part, transducer array distribution, field angle and the like are calculated and obtained.
(4) The control module 27 controls the high-voltage power excitation module 23 to emit excitation voltage required by the operation of the probe 100, so that the probe 100 emits ultrasonic waves, the excitation voltage emitted by the high-voltage power excitation module 23 is different excitation delay times of each transducer array element set by the control module 27 according to the deformation parameters measured by the deformation detection device 5 and the beam forming requirements, and the excitation voltage firstly passes through the T/R switch module and then is output to the probe 100.
(5) Echo signals of the probe 100 enter an L NA module 24 for processing after passing through a T/R conversion switch module 22, and then are subjected to time gain compensation through a TGC module 25;
the parameters set by the TGC module 25 are not in a conventional linear or logarithmic relationship, but are acquired by detection of each detection head 5b according to specific deformation parameters of the probe 100, the deformation measurement module 21 acquires the spatial geometric distribution of the surface of the flexible probe according to data detected by the deformation detection device 5, and after the related data are transmitted to the control module 27, the actual depth information from a detection target to the surface of the probe is calculated, and then the TGC module 25 is controlled to perform corresponding real-time gain compensation.
(6) The AD sampling module 26 collects the signals compensated by the TGC module 25 gain and inputs them to the image processor 28 for beam forming and imaging processing, and finally displays them on the display screen of the system in real time to complete the imaging or detection of the target. The related data can be subjected to corresponding image enhancement, measurement, calculation, storage and the like by the system according to needs so as to meet the needs of different scene applications.
In other embodiments, the deformation detecting device 5 may also be an ultrasonic detecting device, and the ultrasonic imaging detection system may transmit an excitation voltage to the ultrasonic detecting device through the power excitation module 23 without providing a deformation measurement module, so that the ultrasonic detecting device transmits an ultrasonic wave to detect a distance between a detection head of the ultrasonic detecting device and a reflective film of the flexible transducer array.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1. A flexible ultrasound probe comprising a flexible transducer array, characterized in that: the probe further comprises a shell, two ends of the shell are communicated with the outside respectively, a filling cavity with an open end is formed in the shell, the opening of the filling cavity faces one end of the shell, the flexible transducer array is connected to one end of the shell, the flexible transducer array is further arranged in a sealing mode with the open end of the filling cavity, the filling cavity is made to form a sealing cavity used for filling a fluid filling agent, and the probe further comprises a deformation detection device which is arranged in the shell and used for detecting positions of different points of the flexible transducer array.
2. The flexible ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein: the deformation detection device comprises a substrate fixedly arranged in the shell and detection heads distributed on the substrate in an array mode, a reflection film is formed on one surface, facing the deformation detection device, of the flexible transducer array, and all the detection heads are used for detecting the distance between each detection head and the reflection film respectively.
3. The flexible ultrasound probe of claim 2, wherein: the deformation detection device is an optical fiber distance measurement device or an ultrasonic thickness measurement device, when the deformation detection device is the optical fiber distance measurement device, the detection head is an optical fiber detection head, and the reflective film is an optical reflective film; when the deformation detection device is an ultrasonic thickness measuring device, the detection head is an ultrasonic detection head, and the reflecting film is an acoustic reflecting film.
4. The flexible ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein: the filling cavity is formed by enclosing the inner wall of the shell, the flexible transducer array and the deformation detection device together, or the filling cavity is independently arranged in the shell and is provided with a cavity with an opening at one end.
5. The flexible ultrasound probe of claim 4, wherein: the filling cavity is formed by enclosing the inner wall of the shell, the flexible transducer array and the deformation detection device together, the flexible transducer array is sealed by adopting a sealant between the shells, and the deformation detection device faces the flexible transducer array, and an isolation layer used for isolating the filling agent and the deformation detection device is formed on one surface of the flexible transducer array.
6. The flexible ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein: and a valve for injecting the filler and leading out the filler is arranged on the filling cavity.
7. The flexible ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein: the shell comprises a shell body and a bottom support, wherein two ends of the shell body can be communicated with the outside, the bottom support is connected to one end of the shell body, the inside of the shell body is communicated with the inside of the shell body, a shell wall of the shell body is provided with a hollow channel, the flexible transducer array is connected to the other end of the shell body, the probe further comprises a connecting cable connected to the bottom support, the flexible transducer array is connected to the connecting cable through a wire, and the wire enters the bottom support through the hollow channel of the shell body and then is electrically connected with the connecting cable.
8. The flexible ultrasound probe of claim 7, wherein: the deformation detection device is arranged in the shell and is electrically connected with the connecting cable through a wire.
9. The flexible ultrasound probe of claim 8, wherein: the flexible transducer array deformation detection device is characterized in that a switching circuit board is arranged in the bottom support, the switching circuit board is electrically connected with the flexible transducer array, the deformation detection device and the connecting cable respectively, and the switching circuit board is used for converting connecting wires of different specifications of the flexible transducer array and the deformation detection device into standard coaxial cables and then is connected with the connecting cable.
10. The flexible ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein: the flexible transducer array comprises a flexible substrate, at least 2 transducer elements embedded in the flexible substrate, a substrate lining film formed on the inner surface of the flexible substrate and used for isolating the flexible substrate and a filler, and a reflecting film formed on the inner surface of the substrate lining film, wherein the deformation detection device is used for detecting the distance between the deformation detection device and the reflecting film.
11. An ultrasonic imaging detection system comprising the flexible ultrasonic probe of any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. The ultrasonic imaging detection system of claim 11, further comprising a host electrically connected to the probe, wherein the host comprises a T/R switch module, an L NA module, a TGC module, an AD sampling module, a control module and an image processor, the T/R switch module, the L NA module, the TGC module, the AD sampling module, the control module and the image processor are connected in sequence, the host further comprises a power supply excitation module and a display screen, wherein,
the control module controls the deformation detection device to detect distance data between the flexible transducer array element and the deformation detection device, and after processing, data required by subsequent ultrasonic imaging detection is obtained;
the power supply excitation module is respectively connected with the control module and the T/R conversion switch module and is used for transmitting excitation voltage required by work to the probe so as to enable the probe to transmit ultrasonic waves, and the excitation voltage firstly passes through the T/R conversion switch module and then transmits signals to the probe;
the T/R conversion switch module is also used for receiving an ultrasonic echo signal fed back by the probe;
the L NA module is used for receiving the ultrasonic echo signal entering from the R/T change-over switch module and processing the ultrasonic echo signal;
the TGC module is used for receiving the signals processed by the L NA module and performing time gain compensation, is also connected with the control module, and adjusts the parameters set by the TGC according to the data obtained after the data detected by the deformation detection device are processed by the control module so as to perform real-time gain compensation;
the AD sampling module is used for receiving the signals output by the TGC module, then performing beam forming and imaging processing through the image processor, and displaying the signals on the display screen.
13. The ultrasonic imaging detection system of claim 12, wherein: the deformation detection device is an optical fiber detection device, the ultrasonic imaging detection system further comprises a deformation measurement module which is respectively connected with the control system and the probe, the deformation measurement module is controlled by the control module and used for inputting detection signals to the deformation detection device and receiving and processing data detected by the deformation detection device, and the processed data are conveyed back to the control module and processed to obtain data required by subsequent ultrasonic imaging detection.
14. An ultrasonic imaging detection method, wherein a detection system used in the detection method is an ultrasonic imaging detection system, and the ultrasonic imaging detection system contains the flexible ultrasonic probe of any one of claims 1-10.
15. The ultrasonic imaging detection method of claim 14, wherein the ultrasonic imaging detection system further comprises a host computer electrically connected to the probe, the host computer comprises a T/R switch module, an L NA module, a TGC module, an AD sampling module, a control module and an image processor, the host computer further comprises a power excitation module and a display screen, the power excitation module is respectively connected to the T/R switch module and the control module, and the detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) closely attaching the probe to the surface of the detected target;
(2) the control module controls the deformation detection device to detect distance data between the deformation detection device and the flexible transducer array of the probe, and after processing, data required by subsequent ultrasonic imaging detection is obtained;
(3) the control module controls the power supply excitation module to emit excitation voltage required by the operation of the probe, so that the probe emits ultrasonic waves;
(4) echo signals of the probe enter an L NA module for processing after passing through the T/R change-over switch module, and then are subjected to time gain compensation through the TGC module;
(5) the signals passing through the TGC module are collected by the AD sampling module, then input into the image processor for beam forming and imaging processing, and displayed on the display screen to finish the imaging or detection of the target.
16. The ultrasonic imaging detection method of claim 15, wherein: observing the shape of the detected target, if the part contacted with the probe is a convex structure, leading out part of the filler in the filling cavity to enable the flexible transducer array of the probe to be matched with the surface of the detected target, and injecting the filler into the filling cavity to enable the contact surface to be tightly attached; and if the part contacted with the probe is of a concave structure, filling agent is injected into the filling cavity to enable the flexible transducer array of the probe to be tightly attached to the surface of the detected target.
17. The ultrasonic imaging detection method of claim 15, wherein: in the step (4), the TGC module is further connected with the control module, and parameters set by the TGC module are adjusted according to data obtained by processing data detected by the deformation detection device, so that real-time gain compensation is performed.
CN202010412964.2A 2020-05-15 2020-05-15 Flexible ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic imaging detection system and detection method Pending CN111458409A (en)

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