CN111455697A - 棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺 - Google Patents
棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111455697A CN111455697A CN201910046412.1A CN201910046412A CN111455697A CN 111455697 A CN111455697 A CN 111455697A CN 201910046412 A CN201910046412 A CN 201910046412A CN 111455697 A CN111455697 A CN 111455697A
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- cotton knitted
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 quaternary ammonium siloxane Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000985 reactive dye Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Brilliant Blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C=1C=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC=1N(CC)CC1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- INOIOAWTVPHTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-acetamido-4-hydroxy-3-[[4-(2-sulfooxyethylsulfonyl)phenyl]diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C2C=C(C(N=NC3=CC=C(C=C3)S(=O)(=O)CCOS(O)(=O)=O)=C(O)C2=C1)S(O)(=O)=O INOIOAWTVPHTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- LRWZZZWJMFNZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3-methyloxirane Chemical compound CC1OC1Cl LRWZZZWJMFNZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OXYZDRAJMHGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCl OXYZDRAJMHGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DZXZGWVGWCAUND-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCO.CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC Chemical group CCO.CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC DZXZGWVGWCAUND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000083869 Polyommatus dorylas Species 0.000 claims description 3
- HFBMWMNUJJDEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acryloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C=C HFBMWMNUJJDEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WGESLFUSXZBFQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-prop-2-enylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound C=CCN(C)CC=C WGESLFUSXZBFQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YXZRCLVVNRLPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-J turquoise blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Cu+2].NC1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC=2C=C(NS(=O)(=O)C3=CC=4C(=C5NC=4NC=4[N-]C(=C6C=CC(=CC6=4)S([O-])(=O)=O)NC=4NC(=C6C=C(C=CC6=4)S([O-])(=O)=O)NC=4[N-]C(=C6C=CC(=CC6=4)S([O-])(=O)=O)N5)C=C3)C(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)=N1 YXZRCLVVNRLPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-NJFSPNSNSA-N tridecane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC[14CH3] IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010016 exhaust dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007344 nucleophilic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- COEZWFYORILMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium 4-[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 COEZWFYORILMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/38—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using reactive dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
- D06L4/12—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen combined with specific additives
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
- D06L4/13—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen using inorganic agents
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic System
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
- D06M13/51—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond
- D06M13/513—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond with at least one carbon-silicon bond
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
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- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
- D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
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- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
- D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，包括一浴练漂、染色、皂洗、柔软定型；一浴练漂：浴比1:8，将棉针织物浸入盛有前处理液的机缸中，95～100℃，保温处理30min～45min；所述的前处理液，包含3～5g/L精练剂、3～4g/L螯合分散剂和2～3g/L双氧水稳定剂及3‑4g/L双氧水；染色：按1:8浴比，将经练漂的棉针织物浸入盛有活性染料染液的染缸中，加入20‑40g/L的硫酸钠，在60℃染色20min～40min，分批加入碳酸钠，继续保温30min；皂洗：浴比1:8，皂洗10min，温度为95℃；柔软定型：棉针织物浸轧硅油柔软剂溶液，于180‑200℃拉幅烘干定型。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及棉针织物短流程染整工艺，属于纺织品染整加工领域。
背景技术
棉针织物染整加工过程包括碱氧练漂→染色→固色→皂洗→柔软定型等工序。此工艺对改善针织物外观、改善使用性能、提高产品质量有重要作用，但该加工工艺流程长，耗时、耗能、耗水。因此，缩短棉针织物染整工艺流程十分必要。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，将精练及漂白、固色及柔软定型工艺合并，缩减染整工艺流程，改进的染整工艺为一浴练漂→染色→皂洗→柔软定型。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案。
一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，包括一浴练漂、染色、皂洗、柔软定型；
一浴练漂：按1:8浴比，将棉针织物浸入盛有前处理液的机缸中，升温至在95～100℃，保温处理30min～45min；所述的前处理液，包含3～5g/L精练剂、3～4g/L螯合分散剂和2～3g/L双氧水稳定剂及3-4g/L双氧水；
染色：按1:8浴比，将经练漂的棉针织物浸入盛有活性染料染液的染缸中，加入20-40g/L的硫酸钠，在60℃染色20min～40min，加入1/2碳酸钠，20min后再1/2碳酸钠，继续保温30min；
皂洗：浴比1:8，染色后的棉针织物于皂洗液中皂洗10min，温度为95℃；
柔软定型：棉针织物皂洗后，浸轧硅油柔软剂溶液，于180-200℃经定型机拉幅烘干定型。
所述的硅油柔软剂，制备方法为：将120-140份水、3-5份阳离子乳化剂、2-4份非离子乳化剂和16-34份八甲基环四硅氧烷、1-3份氢氧化钠加入到反应容器中，氮气保护下，于80-85℃反应3-5h，再加入2.5-7.5份季铵盐硅氧烷(式a)，继续反应2-4h；滴加可聚合季铵盐单体(式b)和0.5-1.3份引发剂加入到反应容器中，75-80℃反应1-3h，得硅油柔软剂。
所述的精练剂为精练剂HS-103D、精练剂LS66中的一种。
所述的螯合分散剂为多功能分散螯合剂HA-AL、螯合分散剂SD-18中的一种。
所述的双氧水稳定剂为氧浴保护剂OWS-1、双氧水稳定剂DM-1404中的一种。
所述的活性染料，选自活性黄FG、活性黄M-5R、活性金黄R-3RD、活性橙KN-3G、活性红RR、活性红F-2B、活性红M-8B、活性红玉RNN、活性大红R-3G、活性翠蓝B-BGFN、活性艳蓝R-RV、活性艳蓝5R、活性藏青S-G、活性藏青SGE、活性黑KN-G2RC、活性黑GWF中的一种或多种。
所述的皂洗工艺中，皂洗液中含皂洗剂浓度2g/L，皂洗剂为净洗剂209。
所述的阳离子乳化剂为十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、十八烷基三甲基氯化铵中的一种。
所述的非离子乳化剂为十三碳异构醇醚T-O3、T-O5、T-O7、T-O8、T-12中的一种。
引发剂为过硫酸钠、过硫酸钾、过硫酸铵中的一种。
本发明棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，以一浴法前处理替代传统的精练、漂白两浴工艺；染色皂洗后，在后整理时进行柔软及活性染料阳离子固色，将柔软和固色结合，减省了染色后单独另置水浴固色工序。因而，本发明染整加工工艺，缩短了染整工艺流程，节约了生产时间、能源资源，此外，季铵盐阳离子还具有相当的抗菌抑菌功能，可增强棉针织物的抗菌性。
硅油柔软剂含有环氧基团，在高温定型时，与棉纤维的羟基反应，增强柔软剂分子与棉针织物的结合牢度。
具体实施方式
本发明申请中所述的季铵盐硅氧烷、可聚合季铵盐单体制备方法如下，涉及的物质单位“份”是指“质量份”。
所述的季铵盐硅氧烷为丙烯酰氧乙基-丙基三甲氧基硅烷-二甲基氯化铵，制备方法如下：
在单口烧瓶中加入1mol N,N-二甲基乙醇胺、1.05molγ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷、200mL乙腈，搅拌，缓慢加热至70℃左右，回流反应36h后，将反应液置于冰浴中冷却，待结晶析出，抽滤，干燥，得白色粉末固体，即丙基三甲氧基硅烷-乙醇基-二甲基氯化铵；
在单口烧瓶中加入1mol丙基三甲氧基硅烷-乙醇基-二甲基氯化铵、1.1mol丙烯酰氯及少量对苯二酚，150mL乙醚，控制反应温度5℃，反应4h，反应完毕后，将瓶中的混合液过滤，减压蒸馏除去未反应物，得丙烯酰氧乙基-丙基三甲氧基硅烷-二甲基氯化铵。反应方程式如下：
所述的可聚合季铵盐单体为氯化二烯丙基甲基环氧丙基铵，制备方法为：反应釜中加入1摩尔的二烯丙基甲基胺，搅拌下加入1.02摩尔的环氧氯丙烷，及10摩尔四氢呋喃，于60℃搅拌反应7h，提纯即可。反应方程式如下所示：
本发明公开了棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，包括一浴练漂、染色、皂洗、柔软定型。
一浴练漂：按1:8浴比，将棉针织物浸入盛有前处理液的机缸中，升温至在95～100℃，保温处理30min～45min；所述的前处理液，包含3～5g/L精练剂、3～4g/L螯合分散剂和2～3g/L双氧水稳定剂及3-4g/L双氧水。
根据织物的厚薄情况，设定保温时间，精练剂、螯合分散剂、双氧水稳定剂及双氧水的浓度，织物薄，保温时间短些，助剂用量少；反之，保温时间长，助剂用量大。此处的双氧水用量以100％含量计算。
精练剂、螯合分散剂、双氧水稳定剂均为常规市售产品，适于棉针织物前处理的该类产品均可采用。
所述的精练剂为精练剂HS-103D(浙江华晟化学制品有限公司)、精练剂LS66(苏州联胜化学有限公司)中的一种。
所述的螯合分散剂为多功能分散螯合剂HA-AL(江苏省海安石油化工厂)、螯合分散剂SD-18(苏州联胜化学有限公司)中的一种。
所述的双氧水稳定剂为氧浴保护剂OWS-1(苏州联胜化学有限公司)、双氧水稳定剂DM-1404(广东德美精细化工集团股份有限公司)中的一种。
染色：按1:8浴比，将经练漂的棉针织物浸入盛有活性染料染液的染缸中，加入20-40g/L的硫酸钠，在60℃染色20min～40min，加入1/2碳酸钠，20min后再1/2碳酸钠，继续保温30min。
棉织物染色时，需加入适量的无机盐以促进染料的上染，无机盐加入量与染料的量有关，色深，需多投入无机盐，色浅，则少加无机盐。无机盐用量往往以染液总体积计量，单位为g/L，例如，1升染液，处方设定硫酸钠为20g/L，即在此染液中需加入硫酸钠的量是20g。
碳酸钠的作用是促进染料与棉纤维的亲核反应，其用量视染料用量，即色深而定，也以染液总体积计量，单位为g/L。例如，1升染液，处方设定碳酸钠为30g/L，即在此染液中需加入碳酸钠的量是30g，均分成两次加入，则每次加入量是15g。
活性染料的用量与色深浅相关，单位以owf(对纤维重)计。
活性染料选用常规系列，可用于浸染的染料即可，仅举例但不限于此，如活性黄FG、活性黄M-5R、活性金黄R-3RD、活性橙KN-3G、活性红RR、活性红F-2B、活性红M-8B、活性红玉RNN、活性大红R-3G、活性翠蓝B-BGFN、活性艳蓝R-RV、活性艳蓝5R、活性藏青S-G、活性藏青SGE、活性黑KN-G2RC、活性黑GWF等等。
皂洗：浴比1:8，染色后的棉针织物于皂洗液中皂洗10min，温度为95℃；
皂洗液中含皂洗剂，皂洗剂选择常规的净洗剂209，市售产品。
柔软定型：棉针织物皂洗后，浸轧硅油柔软剂溶液，于180-200℃经定型机拉幅烘干定型。
所述的硅油柔软剂，制备方法为：将120-140份水、3-5份阳离子乳化剂、2-4份非离子乳化剂和16-34份八甲基环四硅氧烷、1-3份氢氧化钠加入到反应容器中，氮气保护下，于80-85℃反应3-5h，再加入2.5-7.5份季铵盐硅氧烷，继续反应2-4h；滴加可聚合季铵盐单体和0.5-1.3份引发剂加入到反应容器中，75-80℃反应1-3h，得硅油柔软剂。
实施例1：
一种硅油柔软剂，制备方法为：将120份水、3份阳离子乳化剂、2份非离子乳化剂和16份八甲基环四硅氧烷、1份氢氧化钠加入到反应容器中，氮气保护下，于80-85℃反应3h，再加入2.5份季铵盐硅氧烷，继续反应2h；滴加可聚合季铵盐单体和0.5份引发剂过硫酸钠加入到反应容器中，75-80℃反应1h，得硅油柔软剂。所述的阳离子乳化剂为十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、非离子乳化剂为十三碳异构醇醚T-O5。
实施例2：
一种硅油柔软剂，制备方法为：将130份水、4份阳离子乳化剂、3份非离子乳化剂和23份八甲基环四硅氧烷、2份氢氧化钠加入到反应容器中，氮气保护下，于80-85℃反应4h，再加入5份季铵盐硅氧烷，继续反应3h；滴加可聚合季铵盐单体和0.9份引发剂过硫酸铵加入到反应容器中，75-80℃反应2h，得硅油柔软剂。所述的阳离子乳化剂为十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、非离子乳化剂为十三碳异构醇醚T-O8。
实施例3：
一种硅油柔软剂，制备方法为：将140份水、5份阳离子乳化剂、4份非离子乳化剂和34份八甲基环四硅氧烷、3份氢氧化钠加入到反应容器中，氮气保护下，于80-85℃反应5h，再加入7.5份季铵盐硅氧烷，继续反应4h；滴加可聚合季铵盐单体和1.3份引发剂过硫酸钾加入到反应容器中，75-80℃反应3h，得硅油柔软剂。所述的阳离子乳化剂为十八烷基三甲基氯化铵、非离子乳化剂为十三碳异构醇醚T-12。
实施例4：
棉针织布纱支60S/2、克重150(g/㎡)
一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，包括一浴练漂、染色、皂洗、柔软定型；
一浴练漂：按1:8浴比，将棉针织物浸入盛有前处理液的机缸中，升温至在95～100℃，保温处理30min；所述的前处理液，包含3g/L精练剂、3g/L螯合分散剂和2g/L双氧水稳定剂及3g/L双氧水；所述的精练剂为精练剂HS-103D(浙江华晟化学制品有限公司)、螯合分散剂为多功能分散螯合剂HA-AL(江苏省海安石油化工厂)、双氧水稳定剂为氧浴保护剂OWS-1(苏州联胜化学有限公司)；
染色：按1:8浴比，将经练漂的棉针织物浸入盛有活性染料染液的染缸中，加入20g/L的硫酸钠，在60℃染色20min，加入1/2碳酸钠，20min后再1/2碳酸钠，继续保温30min；染料处方为：活性黄M-5R 0.26％、活性红RR 0.18％，碳酸钠10g/L；
皂洗：浴比1:8，染色后的棉针织物于皂洗液中皂洗10min，温度为95℃，皂洗液中含皂洗剂浓度2g/L，皂洗剂为净洗剂209；
柔软定型：棉针织物皂洗后，浸轧硅油柔软剂溶液，于180℃经定型机拉幅烘干定型。
所述的硅油柔软剂，制备方法为：将120份水、3份阳离子乳化剂、2份非离子乳化剂和16份八甲基环四硅氧烷、1份氢氧化钠加入到反应容器中，氮气保护下，于80-85℃反应3h，再加入2.5份季铵盐硅氧烷，继续反应2h；滴加可聚合季铵盐单体和0.5份引发剂过硫酸钠加入到反应容器中，75-80℃反应1h，得硅油柔软剂。所述的阳离子乳化剂为十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、非离子乳化剂为十三碳异构醇醚T-O5。
实施例5：
棉针织布纱支40s/1、克重：190(g/㎡)
一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，包括一浴练漂、染色、皂洗、柔软定型；
一浴练漂：按1:8浴比，将棉针织物浸入盛有前处理液的机缸中，升温至在95～100℃，保温处理45min；所述的前处理液，包含4g/L精练剂、4g/L螯合分散剂和3g/L双氧水稳定剂及4g/L双氧水；所述的精练剂为精练剂HS-103D(浙江华晟化学制品有限公司)、螯合分散剂SD-18(苏州联胜化学有限公司)、双氧水稳定剂DM-1404(广东德美精细化工集团股份有限公司)；
染色：按1:8浴比，将经练漂的棉针织物浸入盛有活性染料染液的染缸中，加入30g/L的硫酸钠，在60℃染色30min，加入1/2碳酸钠，20min后再1/2碳酸钠，继续保温30min；染料处方为：活性橙KN-3G 0.73％、活性红F-2B 0.81％，碳酸钠15g/L；
皂洗：浴比1:8，染色后的棉针织物于皂洗液中皂洗10min，温度为95℃，皂洗液中含皂洗剂浓度2g/L，皂洗剂为净洗剂209；
柔软定型：棉针织物皂洗后，浸轧硅油柔软剂溶液，于190℃经定型机拉幅烘干定型。
所述的硅油柔软剂，制备方法为：将130份水、4份阳离子乳化剂、3份非离子乳化剂和23份八甲基环四硅氧烷、2份氢氧化钠加入到反应容器中，氮气保护下，于80-85℃反应4h，再加入5份季铵盐硅氧烷，继续反应3h；滴加可聚合季铵盐单体和0.9份引发剂过硫酸铵加入到反应容器中，75-80℃反应2h，得硅油柔软剂。所述的阳离子乳化剂为十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、非离子乳化剂为十三碳异构醇醚T-O8。
实施例6：
棉针织布纱支21S/1、克重：280(g/㎡)
一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，包括一浴练漂、染色、皂洗、柔软定型；
一浴练漂：按1:8浴比，将棉针织物浸入盛有前处理液的机缸中，升温至在95～100℃，保温处理45min；所述的前处理液，包含5g/L精练剂、4g/L螯合分散剂和3g/L双氧水稳定剂及4g/L双氧水；所述的精练剂为精练剂LS66(苏州联胜化学有限公司)、螯合分散剂SD-18(苏州联胜化学有限公司)、双氧水稳定剂为氧浴保护剂OWS-1(苏州联胜化学有限公司)；
染色：按1:8浴比，将经练漂的棉针织物浸入盛有活性染料染液的染缸中，加入40g/L的硫酸钠，在60℃染色40min，加入1/2碳酸钠，20min后再1/2碳酸钠，继续保温30min；染料处方为：活性藏青SGE 2.54％、活性黑KN-G2RC 0.62％，碳酸钠20g/L；
皂洗：浴比1:8，染色后的棉针织物于皂洗液中皂洗10min，温度为95℃，皂洗液中含皂洗剂浓度2g/L，皂洗剂为净洗剂209；
柔软定型：棉针织物皂洗后，浸轧硅油柔软剂溶液，于200℃经定型机拉幅烘干定型。
所述的硅油柔软剂，制备方法为：将140份水、5份阳离子乳化剂、4份非离子乳化剂和34份八甲基环四硅氧烷、3份氢氧化钠加入到反应容器中，氮气保护下，于80-85℃反应5h，再加入7.5份季铵盐硅氧烷，继续反应4h；滴加可聚合季铵盐单体和1.3份引发剂过硫酸钾加入到反应容器中，75-80℃反应3h，得硅油柔软剂。所述的阳离子乳化剂为十八烷基三甲基氯化铵、非离子乳化剂为十三碳异构醇醚T-12。
实施例1-6中涉及的季铵盐硅氧烷、可聚合季铵盐单体由以下制备方法获得。
所述的季铵盐硅氧烷为丙烯酰氧乙基-丙基三甲氧基硅烷-二甲基氯化铵，制备方法如下：
在单口烧瓶中加入1mol N,N-二甲基乙醇胺、1.05molγ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷、200mL乙腈，搅拌，缓慢加热至70℃左右，回流反应36h后，将反应液置于冰浴中冷却，待结晶析出，抽滤，干燥，得白色粉末固体，即丙基三甲氧基硅烷-乙醇基-二甲基氯化铵；
在单口烧瓶中加入1mol丙基三甲氧基硅烷-乙醇基-二甲基氯化铵、1.1mol丙烯酰氯及少量对苯二酚，150mL乙醚，控制反应温度5℃，反应4h，反应完毕后，将瓶中的混合液过滤，减压蒸馏除去未反应物，得丙烯酰氧乙基-丙基三甲氧基硅烷-二甲基氯化铵。
所述的可聚合季铵盐单体为氯化二烯丙基甲基环氧丙基铵，制备方法为：反应釜中加入1摩尔的二烯丙基甲基胺，搅拌下加入1.02摩尔的环氧氯丙烷，及10摩尔四氢呋喃，于60℃搅拌反应7h，提纯即可。
对实施例4-6的棉针织布，分别测试了各试样染色皂洗后及柔软定型后相关色牢度，结果如下。
表1棉针织布染色牢度
棉针织布染色品色牢度测试结果显示，棉针织布皂洗后经柔软定型，可提高相应色牢度。本发明工艺方法既缩短流程，又保证了染色品的坚牢度，实用合理可行。
Claims (9)
1.一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，包括一浴练漂、染色、皂洗、柔软定型；
一浴练漂：按1:8浴比，将棉针织物浸入盛有前处理液的机缸中，升温至在95～100℃，保温处理30min～45min；所述的前处理液，包含3～5g/L精练剂、3～4g/L螯合分散剂和2～3g/L双氧水稳定剂及3-4g/L双氧水；
染色：按1:8浴比，将经练漂的棉针织物浸入盛有活性染料染液的染缸中，加入20-40g/L的硫酸钠，在60℃染色20min～40min，加入1/2碳酸钠，20min后再1/2碳酸钠，继续保温30min；
皂洗：浴比1:8，染色后的棉针织物于皂洗液中皂洗10min，温度为95℃；
柔软定型：棉针织物皂洗后，浸轧硅油柔软剂溶液，于180-200℃经定型机拉幅烘干定型。
所述的硅油柔软剂，制备方法为：将120-140份水、3-5份阳离子乳化剂、2-4份非离子乳化剂和16-34份八甲基环四硅氧烷、1-3份氢氧化钠加入到反应容器中，氮气保护下，于80-85℃反应3-5h，再加入2.5-7.5份季铵盐硅氧烷，继续反应2-4h；滴加可聚合季铵盐单体和0.5-1.3份引发剂加入到反应容器中，75-80℃反应1-3h，得硅油柔软剂；
所述的季铵盐硅氧烷为丙烯酰氧乙基-丙基三甲氧基硅烷-二甲基氯化铵，制备方法如下：
在单口烧瓶中加入1molN,N-二甲基乙醇胺、1.05molγ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷、200mL乙腈，搅拌，缓慢加热至70℃左右，回流反应36h后，将反应液置于冰浴中冷却，待结晶析出，抽滤，干燥，得白色粉末固体，即丙基三甲氧基硅烷-乙醇基-二甲基氯化铵；
在单口烧瓶中加入1mol丙基三甲氧基硅烷-乙醇基-二甲基氯化铵、1.1mol丙烯酰氯及少量对苯二酚，150mL乙醚，控制反应温度5℃，反应4h，反应完毕后，将瓶中的混合液过滤，减压蒸馏除去未反应物，得丙烯酰氧乙基-丙基三甲氧基硅烷-二甲基氯化铵；
所述的可聚合季铵盐单体为氯化二烯丙基甲基环氧丙基铵，制备方法为：反应釜中加入1摩尔的二烯丙基甲基胺，搅拌下加入1.02摩尔的环氧氯丙烷，及10摩尔四氢呋喃，于60℃搅拌反应7h，提纯即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的精练剂为精练剂HS-103D、精练剂LS66中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的螯合分散剂为多功能分散螯合剂HA-AL、螯合分散剂SD-18中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的双氧水稳定剂为氧浴保护剂OWS-1、双氧水稳定剂DM-1404中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的活性染料，选自活性黄FG、活性黄M-5R、活性金黄R-3RD、活性橙KN-3G、活性红RR、活性红F-2B、活性红M-8B、活性红玉RNN、活性大红R-3G、活性翠蓝B-BGFN、活性艳蓝R-RV、活性艳蓝5R、活性藏青S-G、活性藏青SGE、活性黑KN-G2RC、活性黑GWF中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的皂洗工艺中，皂洗液中含皂洗剂浓度2g/L，皂洗剂为净洗剂209。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的阳离子乳化剂为十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、十八烷基三甲基氯化铵中的一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的非离子乳化剂为十三碳异构醇醚T-O3、T-O5、T-O7、T-O8、T-12中的一种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种棉针织物短流程染整加工工艺，其特征在于：引发剂为过硫酸钠、过硫酸钾、过硫酸铵中的一种。
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