CN111455663A - 汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾及其制备方法 - Google Patents

汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111455663A
CN111455663A CN202010282292.8A CN202010282292A CN111455663A CN 111455663 A CN111455663 A CN 111455663A CN 202010282292 A CN202010282292 A CN 202010282292A CN 111455663 A CN111455663 A CN 111455663A
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zinc
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黄世伟
吴玄峰
查进
钱鹏
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Nanjing Kaichuang Xietong Nano Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾及其制备方法，通过制备锌基纳米溶胶材料，并与分散剂、渗透剂、增效剂混合后，对超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理而制备获得。本发明的汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾绿色环保、制备方法简单、防雾效果好、并且持久性能优良。

Description

汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾；更特别地，本发明涉及锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。另外，本发明还涉及汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的制备方法。
背景技术
秋冬季或者是下雨天，车内外温差比较大、空气湿度高，车内玻璃就很容易起雾，水的饱和蒸气压减小到低于空气中的水蒸气分压,水蒸气就凝结成露水，大大降低玻璃的透光率，如不采取处理办法，会遮挡司机的视线，常引发各种意外事故，直接影响人身安全。
面对起雾问题，很多车主都是直接用汽车空调A/C去除雾，其实除了这种被动式的除雾方法外，现在也不少主动式的，有车主采用市场上汽车专用的防雾剂及防雾湿巾，也有自制的防雾剂，如肥皂、沐浴露法，甚至，网上有人宣传使用土豆也能除雾。生活中汽车玻璃除雾方法有不少，不过都或多或少存在不足和缺陷：1)开窗对流仅对雾气不大时有效，雨雪天气不适应，车内温度较低；2)空调除雾是增加油耗，等待时间较长；3)自制除雾剂就是要随时配制，主要不足是严重影响玻璃表面透光性，防雾时间短暂；4)市场上玻璃防雾喷剂及防雾拭巾的缺陷是市场鱼龙混杂，安全性存在隐患、生产工艺复杂、持续时间短、玻璃表面有残留物、透光性差等问题。
发明内容
针对如上所述现有汽车玻璃用防雾技术及防雾湿巾存在的不足与缺陷，本发明提供一种绿色环保、制备方法简单、防雾效果好、持久性能优良的汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾及其制备方法。
在第一方面中，本发明涉及一种汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)配制0.05mol/L-1mol/L的醋酸锌溶液，在100质量份醋酸锌溶液中加入0.1-10质量份活化剂，超声分散，制备活化液A；
(2)在100质量份活化液A中加入0.1-10质量份促进剂，20℃-80℃条件下，磁力搅拌2h，经陈化后制得锌基纳米溶胶材料B；
(3)将100质量份锌基纳米溶胶材料B与10-1000质量份分散剂混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散液C；
(4)将100质量份锌基防雾分散液C与10-300质量份渗透剂混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散渗透液D；
(5)将100质量份锌基防雾分散渗透液D与1-50质量份增效剂进行均质乳化，制备锌基防雾材料E；
(6)使用100质量份锌基防雾材料E对50-500质量份超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理，制得锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
在优选的实施方式中，所述醋酸锌溶液浓度优选为0.1mol/L-0.8mol/L、更优选为0.3mol/L-0.5mol/L、最优选为0.4mol/L。
在优选的实施方式中，所述活化剂选自乙醇和乙二醇；其质量份数优选为0.5-3质量份、更优选为0.7-0.9质量份、最优选为0.8质量份。
在优选的实施方式中，所述促进剂选自尿素、乙二胺四乙酸二铵和酒石酸铵；其质量份数优选为0.5-5质量份，更优选为1-2质量份、最优选为1.5质量份。
在优选的实施方式中，步骤(2)反应温度优选为50℃-70℃，更优选为60℃。
在优选的实施方式中，所述分散剂选自硬脂酸锌、水玻璃、聚乙二醇200、聚马来酸和十二烷基磺酸钠；其质量份数优选为50-500质量份、更优选为100-300质量份、最优选为200质量份。
在优选的实施方式中，所述渗透剂选自磷酸三乙酯、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐、异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯和脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚；其质量份数优选为10-100质量份、更优选为10-50质量份、最优选为30质量份。
在优选的实施方式中，所述增效剂选自丙三醇、枧油、乙二醇和三聚磷酸钠，其质量份数优选为1-35质量份、更优选为5-20质量份、最优选为10质量份。
在优选的实施方式中，所述的超细纤维无尘布选自超细聚丙烯纤维无尘布；其质量份数优选为80-200质量份、更优选为为80-160质量份、最优选为120质量份。
在优选的实施方式中，所述汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)配制0.4mol/L的醋酸锌溶液，在100质量份醋酸锌溶液中加入0.8质量份活化剂，超声分散，制备活化液A；
(2)在100质量份活化液A中加入1.5质量份促进剂，60℃条件下，磁力搅拌2h，经陈化后制得锌基纳米溶胶材料B；
(3)将100质量份锌基纳米溶胶材料B与200质量份分散剂混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散液C；
(4)将100质量份锌基防雾分散液C与30质量份渗透剂混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散渗透液D；
(5)将100质量份锌基防雾分散渗透液D与10质量份增效剂进行均质乳化，制备锌基防雾材料E；
(6)使用100质量份锌基防雾材料E对120质量份超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理，制得锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
在第二方面中，本发明涉及由上述方法制备获得的锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
本发明使用的以醋酸锌为原料制备的锌基纳米溶胶材料B具有极大的比表面能，具有超细的表面结构，表现出优良的透气成膜特性，极大程度上降低表面张力，增加玻璃表面和水之间的接触角，从而起到防雾功能，其中使用的活化剂能够改善纳米溶胶材料B的稳定性和粘度指数，所用促进剂能够促进纳米溶胶材料B的生成。
本发明使用的分散剂能够使得拭巾擦拭玻璃时，能够让锌基防雾体系均匀分散在玻璃表面，克服表面不平整产生的成膜不均匀，提高表面成膜均一性。
本发明使用的渗透剂能够增加玻璃表面快速成膜，减少受到空气界面的影响，有助提高成膜的透明度。
本发明使用的增效剂能够改善防雾性能，使得玻璃表面与水之间接触角增大，优化防雾效果，更加持久防雾。
本发明使用的超细纤维无尘布具有纳米级表面孔结构，更加致密均匀，促进擦拭后的玻璃表面防雾层更加均一、单薄。
采用本发明方法制备获得的锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾具有如下技术效果：
1、选材绿色环保，对车内空间无刺激性和有毒物质产生，属于环保型防雾材料；
2、防雾效果持久、表面均一性好；
3、透光率好，不影响视觉效果；
4、有效解决车主秋冬季和雨天起雾的烦恼，提供一个清晰的视觉效果。
具体实施方式
下文将对本发明的实施例进行进一步的描述，其中，各实施例仅为本发明优选的示例性实施方式，并不意图构成对本发明范围的限定。本领域技术人员可以根据上文的说明以及下文对实施例的描述作出多种不同的改进和变形，其均不会背离本发明的精神和实质。据此，本发明的范围仅意图通过各项权利要求所要求保护的范围来进行限定。
在下文的实施例中，根据GB2680-1994进行透光率检测，按GB24368-2009进行玻璃表面与水之间的接触角检测。
实施例1
采用如下方法制备本发明的锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾：
(1)配制0.071mol/L的醋酸锌溶液，在100质量份醋酸锌溶液中加入1.2质量份乙醇，超声分散，制备活化液A；
(2)在100质量份活化液A中加入2.6质量份乙二胺四乙酸二铵，40℃条件下，磁力搅拌2h，经陈化后制得锌基纳米溶胶材料B；
(3)将100质量份锌基纳米溶胶材料B与50质量份十二烷基磺酸钠混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散液C；
(4)将100质量份锌基防雾分散液C与100质量份磷酸三乙酯混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散渗透液D；
(5)将100质量份锌基防雾分散渗透液D与5质量份乙二醇进行均质乳化，制备锌基防雾材料E；
(6)将100质量份E与200质量份超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理，制得锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
对锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾效果进行如下检测试验：
制作15cm×5cm规格的普通前档汽车玻璃24块，12块使用锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾进行轻轻均匀擦拭，作为试验样，另外12块部擦拭，作为空白对比样。取6块试验样和6块空白样先后放入-20℃低温冰箱内和50℃恒温水浴环境进行测试起雾情况和起雾时间，30min一个循环周期，每天10个循环，余下进行透光率和接触角测试。空白对比样玻璃防雾检测结果：第一个循环在低温和高温下出现起雾，透光率85.28％，接触角80°。本发明锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾检测结果：在低温环境，16天出现起雾，高温下21天出现起雾，透光率85.22％，接触角163°。
实施例2
采用如下方法制备本发明的锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾：
(1)配制0.81mol/L的醋酸锌溶液，在100质量份醋酸锌溶液中加入7.7质量份乙二醇，超声分散，制备活化液A；
(2)将100质量份活化液A加入6.6质量份酒石酸铵，50℃条件下，磁力搅拌2h，经陈化后制得锌基纳米溶胶材料B；
(3)将100质量份锌基纳米溶胶材料B与500质量份硬脂酸锌混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散液C；
(4)将100质量份锌基防雾分散液C与200质量份磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散渗透液D；
(5)将100质量份锌基防雾分散渗透液D与35质量份三聚磷酸钠进行均质乳化，制备锌基防雾材料E；
(6)将100质量份锌基防雾材料E与300质量份超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理，制得锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
对锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾效果进行如下检测试验：
制作15cm×5cm规格的普通前档汽车玻璃24块，12块使用锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾进行轻轻均匀擦拭，作为试验样，另外12块部擦拭，作为空白对比样。取6块试验样和6块空白样先后放入-20℃低温冰箱内和50℃恒温水浴环境进行测试起雾情况和起雾时间，30min一个循环周期，每天10个循环；余下进行透光率和接触角测试。空白对比样玻璃防雾检测结果：第一个循环在低温和高温下出现起雾，透光率85.25％，接触角81°。本发明锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾检测结果：在低温环境，18天出现起雾，高温下22天出现起雾，透光率85.24％，接触角169°。
实施例3
采用如下方法制备本发明的锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾：
(1)配制0.05mol/L的醋酸锌溶液，在100质量份醋酸锌溶液中加入0.1质量份乙二醇，超声分散，制备活化液A；
(2)将100质量份活化液A加入0.1质量份尿素，20℃条件下，磁力搅拌2h，经陈化后制得锌基纳米溶胶材料B；
(3)将100质量份锌基纳米溶胶材料B与10质量份水玻璃混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散液C；
(4)将100质量份锌基防雾分散液C与10质量份脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散渗透液D；
(5)将100质量份锌基防雾分散渗透液D与1质量份枧油进行均质乳化，制备锌基防雾材料E；
(6)将100质量份锌基防雾材料E与500质量份超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理，经真空密封包装，制得锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
对锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾效果进行如下检测试验：
制作15cm×5cm规格的普通前档汽车玻璃24块，12块使用锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾进行轻轻均匀擦拭，作为试验样，另外12块部擦拭，作为空白对比样。取6块试验样和6块空白样先后放入-20℃低温冰箱内和50℃恒温水浴环境进行测试起雾情况和起雾时间，30min一个循环周期，每天10个循环；余下进行透光率和接触角测试。空白对比样玻璃防雾检测结果：第一个循环在低温和高温下出现起雾，透光率85.24％，接触角83°。本发明锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾检测结果：在低温环境，19天出现起雾，高温下25天出现起雾，透光率85.23％，接触角169°。
实施例4
采用如下方法制备本发明的锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾：
(1)配制1.0mol/L的醋酸锌溶液，100质量份醋酸锌溶液中加入10质量份乙醇，超声分散，制备活化液A；
(2)在100质量份活化液A中加入10质量份酒石酸铵，80℃条件下，磁力搅拌2h，经陈化后制得锌基纳米溶胶材料B；
(3)将100质量份锌基纳米溶胶材料B与1000质量份聚乙二醇200混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散液C；
(4)将100质量份锌基防雾分散液C与300质量份异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散渗透液D；
(5)将100质量份锌基防雾分散渗透液D与50质量份乙二醇进行均质乳化，制备锌基防雾材料E；
(6)将100质量份锌基防雾材料E与500质量份超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理，经真空密封包装，制得锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
对锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾效果进行如下检测试验：
制作15cm×5cm规格的普通前档汽车玻璃24块，12块使用锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾进行轻轻均匀擦拭，作为试验样，另外12块部擦拭，作为空白对比样。取6块试验样和6块空白样先后放入-20℃低温冰箱内和50℃恒温水浴环境进行测试起雾情况和起雾时间，30min一个循环周期，每天10个循环；余下进行透光率和接触角测试。空白对比样玻璃防雾检测结果：第一个循环在低温和高温下出现起雾，透光率85.22％，接触角79°。本发明锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾检测结果：在低温环境，15天出现起雾，高温下20天出现起雾，透光率85.22％，接触角162°。
实施例5
采用如下方法制备本发明的锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾：
(1)配制0.4mol/L的醋酸锌溶液，在100质量份醋酸锌溶液中加入0.8质量份乙二醇，超声分散，制备活化液A；
(2)在100质量份活化液A中加入1.5质量份乙二胺四乙酸二铵，60℃条件下，磁力搅拌2h，经陈化后制得锌基纳米溶胶材料B；
(3)将100质量份锌基纳米溶胶材料B与200质量份硬脂酸锌混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散液C；
(4)将100质量份锌基防雾分散液C与30质量份磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散渗透液D；
(5)将100质量份锌基防雾分散渗透液D与10质量份丙三醇进行均质乳化，制备锌基防雾材料E；
(6)将100质量份锌基防雾材料E与120质量份超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理，经真空密封包装，制得锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
对锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾效果进行如下检测试验：
制作15cm×5cm规格的普通前档汽车玻璃24块，12块使用锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾进行轻轻均匀擦拭，作为试验样，另外12块部擦拭，作为空白对比样。取6块试验样和6块空白样先后放入-20℃低温冰箱内和50℃恒温水浴环境进行测试起雾情况和起雾时间，30min一个循环周期，每天10个循环；余下进行透光率和接触角测试。空白对比样玻璃防雾检测结果：第一个循环在低温和高温下出现起雾，透光率85.27％，接触角82°。本发明锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾检测结果：在低温环境，25天出现起雾，高温下30天出现起雾，透光率85.26％，接触角172°。
实施例6
采用如下方法制备本发明的锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾：
(1)配制0.09mol/L的醋酸锌溶液，在100质量份醋酸锌溶液中加入2.1质量份乙醇，超声分散，制备活化液A；
(2)在100质量份活化液A中加入4.1质量份酒石酸铵，70℃条件下，磁力搅拌2h，经陈化后制得锌基纳米溶胶材料B；
(3)将100质量份锌基纳米溶胶材料B与400质量份聚马来酸混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散液C；
(4)将100质量份锌基防雾分散液C与50质量份磷酸三乙酯混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散渗透液D；
(5)将100质量份锌基防雾分散渗透液D与20质量份三聚磷酸钠进行均质乳化，制备锌基防雾材料E；
(6)将100质量锌基防雾材料份E与80质量份超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理，经真空密封包装，制得锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
对锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾效果进行如下检测试验：
制作15cm×5cm规格的普通前档汽车玻璃24块，12块使用锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾进行轻轻均匀擦拭，作为试验样，另外12块部擦拭，作为空白对比样。取6块试验样和6块空白样先后放入-20℃低温冰箱内和50℃恒温水浴环境进行测试起雾情况和起雾时间，30min一个循环周期，每天10个循环；余下进行透光率和接触角测试。空白对比样玻璃防雾检测结果：第一个循环在低温和高温下出现起雾，透光率85.27％，接触角81°。本发明锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的防雾检测结果：在低温环境，18天出现起雾，高温下24天出现起雾，透光率85.22％，接触角167°。

Claims (10)

1.一种汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
(1)配制0.05mol/L-1mol/L的醋酸锌溶液，在100质量份醋酸锌溶液中加入0.1-10质量份活化剂，超声分散，制备活化液A；
(2)在100质量份活化液A中加入0.1-10质量份促进剂，20℃-80℃条件下，磁力搅拌2h，经陈化后制得锌基纳米溶胶材料B；
(3)将100质量份锌基纳米溶胶材料B与10-1000质量份分散剂混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散液C；
(4)将100质量份锌基防雾分散液C与10-300质量份渗透剂混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散渗透液D；
(5)将100质量份锌基防雾分散渗透液D与1-50质量份增效剂进行均质乳化，制备锌基防雾材料E；
(6)使用100质量份锌基防雾材料E对50-500质量份超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理，制得锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述醋酸锌溶液浓度优选为0.1mol/L-0.8mol/L、更优选为0.3mol/L-0.5mol/L、最优选为0.4mol/L。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述活化剂选自乙醇和乙二醇；步骤(1)添加的活化剂质量份数优选为0.5-3质量份、更优选为0.7-0.9质量份、最优选为0.8质量份。
4.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述促进剂选自尿素、乙二胺四乙酸二铵和酒石酸铵；步骤(2)添加的促进剂质量份数优选为0.5-5质量份，更优选为1-2质量份、最优选为1.5质量份；步骤(2)反应温度优选为50℃-70℃，更优选为60℃。
5.根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述分散剂选自硬脂酸锌、水玻璃、聚乙二醇200、聚马来酸和十二烷基磺酸钠；步骤(3)添加的分散剂质量份数优选为50-500质量份、更优选为100-300质量份、最优选为200质量份。
6.根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述渗透剂选自磷酸三乙酯、磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐、异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯和脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚；步骤(4)添加的渗透剂质量份数优选为10-100质量份、更优选为10-50质量份、最优选为30质量份。
7.根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述增效剂选自丙三醇、枧油、乙二醇和三聚磷酸钠；步骤(5)添加的增效剂质量份数优选为1-35质量份、更优选为5-20质量份、最优选为10质量份。
8.根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的超细纤维无尘布选自超细聚丙烯纤维无尘布；步骤(6)使用的无尘布质量份数优选为80-200质量份、更优选为80-160质量份、最优选为120质量份。
9.根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾的制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)配制0.4mol/L的醋酸锌溶液，在100质量份醋酸锌溶液中加入0.8质量份活化剂，超声分散，制备活化液A；
(2)在100质量份活化液A中加入1.5质量份促进剂，60℃条件下，磁力搅拌2h，经陈化后制得锌基纳米溶胶材料B；
(3)将100质量份锌基纳米溶胶材料B与200质量份分散剂混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散液C；
(4)将100质量份锌基防雾分散液C与30质量份渗透剂混合均匀，制备锌基防雾分散渗透液D；
(5)将100质量份锌基防雾分散渗透液D与10质量份增效剂进行均质乳化，制备锌基防雾材料E；
(6)使用100质量份锌基防雾材料E对120质量份超细纤维无尘布进行浸渍处理，制得锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾。
10.一种锌基汽车玻璃用防雾拭巾，其特征在于：采用根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的方法制备获得。
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