CN111452608B - Hybrid power transmission and electric driving device based on compound planetary gear train - Google Patents

Hybrid power transmission and electric driving device based on compound planetary gear train Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111452608B
CN111452608B CN202010506321.4A CN202010506321A CN111452608B CN 111452608 B CN111452608 B CN 111452608B CN 202010506321 A CN202010506321 A CN 202010506321A CN 111452608 B CN111452608 B CN 111452608B
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gear
clutch
gear train
compound
motor
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CN111452608A (en
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韩尔樑
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Rongbo Technology Co ltd
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Rongbo Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid power transmission and electric driving device based on a compound planetary gear train, which comprises a compound planetary gear train with two gear rings, a simple planetary gear train transmission mechanism, a generator and driving motor, a plurality of clutches and selectable direction clutches, a controller, a motor inverter, an external battery pack and external power such as an engine. The small gear ring of the composite gear train is connected with the motor rotor, and the large gear ring is connected with the output shaft through a fixed speed ratio. The composite planet carrier is connected with solar energy of the simple gear train. The external power input shaft can be connected with a simple planet carrier, a composite gear train sun gear and a motor connecting gear through a clutch. The device can provide 10 hybrid power transmission modes with fixed speed ratios, three electric drive speed ratio modes, one series connection mode and three continuous speed change modes, and is suitable for electric drive and hybrid power coupling transmission of electric and hybrid vehicles, including ships and amphibious vehicles, aircrafts and engineering machinery.

Description

Hybrid power transmission and electric driving device based on compound planetary gear train
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric driving and power transmission device of a vehicle, in particular to a single-motor driving and multiple-power split-mode hybrid power transmission system based on a compound planetary gear train for range-extending, power-inserting and conventional hybrid power vehicles.
Background
The pure electric vehicle is clean and environment-friendly, is favorable for promoting the development and utilization of renewable energy sources and meeting the strategic requirements of energy source diversification, has low daily use and maintenance cost and government policy support, and is worth popularizing greatly. Because of the limitation of charging facilities, pure electric vehicles are far less popular than traditional fuel vehicles. The range-extending electric vehicle such as a universal automobile Chevrolet VOLT can be completely operated by pure electric power after daily charging, and is operated in a power split hybrid power mode when not charging, so that the oil consumption is superior to that of the traditional fuel oil vehicle. Hundreds of thousands of american users prove that most of their mileage is pure electric driving, which is a technique worth popularizing. Prius of the Toyota automobile adopts an input power split hybrid mode, and achieves very good oil consumption and market scale. VOLT and Prius show superior performance of power split hybrid technologies based on planetary gear trains, and newer technologies will drive further improvements and developments in extended range electric and hybrid vehicles. Prius' battery pack is small, cost is low compared to Volt, her huge market indicates that low cost and low fuel consumption are important guides for market clients.
Both VOLT and Prius employ planetary gear train based two motor and two motor inverter power split designs at a higher cost than single motor power split technology.
Prius has only one continuously variable mode, the input power split mode. The mode has good efficiency when the vehicle speed is low, but the generator speed is too high at a higher speed, so that the energy loss is large; especially in the pure mode, the generator speed reaches a limit very fast and the engine must be started, resulting in emissions and fuel consumption.
The 2MH hybrid powertrain of a utility vehicle has two split modes, and four fixed ratio gears. 2MH indicates that fixed ratio shifts and multiple power split modes may improve power and fuel economy.
In order to meet the requirements of clean and pure electric travel and the requirements of the market on cost and fuel consumption, it is necessary to invent an electric drive and hybrid powertrain with a single motor, low cost and multiple power split modes and fixed ratio gears.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical lifting and improving requirements, the invention provides an electric driving and hybrid power transmission device based on a single-motor compound planetary gear train, which is provided with a plurality of pure electric drives with fixed speed ratios, a series charging mode and a plurality of continuous speed change series-parallel modes, and is suitable for low, medium and high vehicle speeds and 9 fixed speed ratio gears. Not only reduces the system cost and the system volume, but also remarkably improves the fuel consumption economy of the system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an electric drive and hybrid power transmission based on compound planetary gear train, includes motor, power take off shaft and gearbox body, is connected with the external power input shaft by external power drive on the gearbox body, and its structural feature is: the selectable direction clutch and the brake are fixedly connected to the gearbox body and are respectively and rotatably connected to the external power input shaft;
a compound planetary gear train and a simple planetary gear train are arranged in the gearbox body;
the composite planetary gear train comprises a composite gear train planetary gear frame, a sun planetary gear, a composite gear train small gear ring, an external gear, a composite gear train sun gear, a composite gear train gear ring planetary gear, a composite gear train large gear ring and a composite gear train output gear, wherein a braking end of the selectable direction clutch can be connected with the composite gear train sun gear respectively, is connected with the composite gear train planetary gear frame through a third clutch and is connected with a first clutch, the sun planetary gear and the composite gear train gear ring planetary gear are connected to the composite gear train planetary gear frame, the sun planetary gear is meshed with the composite gear train sun gear and the composite gear train small gear ring respectively, the composite gear train large gear ring is meshed with the composite gear train gear ring planetary gear and is connected with the composite gear train output gear, and the composite gear train output gear drives a power output shaft to rotate through a speed reducing mechanism;
The simple planetary gear train comprises a simple gear train planetary carrier, a simple gear train sun gear and a simple gear train gear ring, the brake can brake the simple gear train gear ring, the simple gear train planetary carrier is connected with an external power input shaft through a fifth clutch, the simple gear train planetary carrier is connected with a compound gear train planetary carrier through a second clutch, and the simple gear train sun gear is meshed with a pinion planetary gear on the simple gear train planetary carrier and is simultaneously connected with the compound gear train planetary carrier;
the external power input shaft is connected with an electric speed change mechanism through a fourth clutch, the electric speed change mechanism is driven by motor power, and the electric speed change mechanism is connected with a small gear ring power of the compound gear train through a linkage device;
the selectable direction clutch, the brake, the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the fifth clutch are all controlled by the controller. The selectable one-way clutch can realize one-way locking braking, two-way locking braking and two-way separation under the control of the controller, wherein the one-way locking braking means that the composite gear train sun wheel 7 connected with the one-way locking braking is locked to rotate anticlockwise (facing the engine), the two-way locking braking means that the composite gear train sun wheel 7 is locked to rotate anticlockwise and clockwise, and the two-way separation means that the composite gear train sun wheel 7 can rotate anticlockwise and clockwise.
The electric speed change mechanism comprises a motor connecting gear which is connected to an external power input shaft through a fourth clutch, the motor connecting gear is meshed with a motor speed ratio gear, an electric driving gear is connected to a power shaft of a motor rotor of the motor, and the electric driving gear is meshed with the motor speed ratio gear.
The linkage device comprises an external gear, wherein the external gear is connected with a small gear ring of the compound gear train and is meshed with one end gear connected with a gear of a motor speed ratio.
The external power input shaft is in power connection with external power through a torsional damper.
The motor stator of the motor is connected with a motor inverter which is connected with a controller 27 through an electric signal; the controller and the motor inverter are electrically connected with external energy storage.
A vehicle mounted with the hybrid power transmission and electric drive device based on a compound planetary gear train of the above-described structure.
The controller can control the combination of the clutches, the selectable direction clutches and the brakes to enable the system to enter a hybrid power transmission mode of pure electric drive, series charging, power split continuous speed change and fixed speed ratio gear.
The pure electric driving mode has three different fixed pure electric speed ratios of the motor and the output shaft. The direction-selectable clutch is combined, and the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are in a separation state and are in pure electric speed ratio 1;
The third clutch is combined, and the first clutch, the second clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the brake are in a separation state and are in pure electric speed ratio 2;
the second clutch and the brake are combined, and the first clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch and the selectable direction clutch are in a separated state and are in pure electric speed ratio 3.
The series charging mode is implemented by the fourth clutch combination, and can work when the vehicle stops or coasts.
The power split continuous speed change working modes are three. The first clutch is combined, and the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the brake are in a separation state to be in a continuous speed change series-parallel mode 1 and an output power split mode;
the second clutch and the fifth clutch are combined, and the first clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the brake are in a continuous speed change parallel-serial mode 2 and an input power split mode when in a separation state;
the fifth clutch is combined, the brake is locked in a two-way mode, and the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the selectable direction clutch are in a continuous speed change series-parallel mode 3 and an input power split mode when in a separation state.
The fixed speed ratio gear has 10 parallel hybrid power and mechanical transmission speed ratios. The fourth clutch is combined, the selectable direction clutch is locked in a two-way mode, and the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are in a 1-gear state when in a separation state;
the second clutch and the fifth clutch are combined, the selectable direction clutch is locked in two directions, and the first clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the brake are in 2 gears when in a separation state;
the first clutch is combined, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the brake are in a separated state, and the motor speed is zero and is 3 gears. At this time, one hundred percent of external power mechanical energy is theoretically transmitted to the output shaft, so the mechanical speed ratio is called;
the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the combination, wherein the first clutch, the second clutch, the fifth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the brake are in 4 gears when in a separation state;
the first clutch and the third clutch are combined, and the second clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the brake are in 5 gears when in a separation state;
The fifth clutch and the brake are combined, the selectable direction clutch is locked in a two-way mode, the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are in a separation state, and the motor speed is zero and is 6 gears;
the second clutch and the fifth clutch are combined, and the first clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the brake are 7 gears when in a separated state
The first clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are combined, and the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the selectable direction clutch are 8 gears when in a separation state;
the third clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are combined, and the first clutch, the second clutch, the fourth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the clutch are 9 gears when in a separation state;
the second clutch and the fourth clutch are combined, the brake is locked in two directions, and the first clutch, the third clutch, the fifth clutch and the selectable direction clutch are reverse gear when in a separation state.
The device provides three pure electric drives or reversing with fixed speed ratios when external power stops working or is not connected; the controller selects a speed ratio and controls according to the state of the vehicle, so that the power performance of the pure electric vehicle is improved, and the motor speed and energy loss of the vehicle at high speed are reduced; all clutches do not need oil pressure to combine to work when the electric first gear of daily medium speed and low speed is driven, can save the energy consumption of oil pump hydraulic system to promote electric drive efficiency and cold start response speed.
The device provides a series charging and three continuous speed changing series-parallel working modes and 9 fixed speed ratio parallel hybrid power gears by combining external power; the controller selects and controls according to the vehicle state, realizes electric drive, engine drive, serial charge, parallel charge and electric boosting hybrid power drive, speed reduction braking energy recovery, serial mode input power split and output power split drive, simultaneously charges and discharges the energy storage system, performs engine braking when full power is used for going down a hill and battery power is limited, improves the dynamic property and safety of the vehicle power assembly, and reduces energy consumption; the three continuous speed change series-parallel modes are respectively suitable for selecting the optimal working condition of the engine at low speed, medium speed and high speed and providing the power comfort of continuous speed change; the fixed ratio shift may adjust engine speed through a continuous shift mode and then complete the shift, with more comfort, reduced clutch friction losses and shift energy design requirements, while improving engine transient combustion control and thus reducing pollution emissions.
The engine can be started in a series mode, and the controller can also select 9 proper clutches with fixed speed ratios to control the differential torque of the clutches to start; the controller can also select 9 proper clutches with fixed speed ratios to control the differential torque and the engine torque of the clutches to drive the vehicle to start or reverse when needed.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
A. the invention relates to a multi-speed ratio pure electric driving device, which improves the dynamic property of a motor at low speed, reduces the rotating speed noise and energy loss of the motor at high speed and does not need external power such as an engine.
B. The invention provides a series charging and three continuous variable speed driving series-parallel connection working mode and 9 fixed speed ratio parallel connection hybrid power gears, which are superior to the international market mainstream range-increasing electric vehicle and fuel oil hybrid power products, the high-efficiency working condition and fuel oil economy of a high-speed and low-speed engine are improved, the stable engine speed change improves the driving comfort, simultaneously improves the transient combustion control of the engine and reduces pollution emission, and the 9 fixed speed ratios improve the power performance of high-horsepower driving and the economy of long-distance driving.
C. The invention integrates a motor and a motor inverter, and saves cost compared with the same type double-motor product in the mainstream of the international market.
D. The invention can select proper gear and mode to obtain comfortable engine braking performance and avoid braking heat damage, and improves the braking safety and reliability when the power is full and the electric power is limited.
E. The fixed speed ratio gear shifting can select a series-parallel mode to synchronize the rotation speed of the engine, so that the friction damage of the clutch is reduced and the reliability is improved.
F. The invention improves the cold start response performance of the pure electric mode and reduces the energy loss, the selectable directional clutch is driven when entering the pure electric 1 gear in the locking state without oil pressure, the friction energy loss is smaller than the energy loss of a common brake in the separation state, and the high-speed running efficiency is further improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.
FIG. 1 depicts a schematic of the electric drive and hybrid transmission based on a compound planetary gear train of the present invention;
FIG. 2 depicts a schematic of another variation of the compound planetary gear train based electric drive and hybrid transmission of the present invention;
the figures are identified as follows:
1-motor rotor, 2-energy storage, 3-torsion damper, 4-composite gear train sun planetary gear, 5-composite gear train small gear ring, 6-composite gear train gear ring planetary gear, 7-composite gear train sun gear, 8-composite gear train planetary carrier, 9-composite gear train big gear ring, 10-composite gear train output gear, 11-first clutch, 12-second clutch, 13-third clutch, 14-fourth clutch, 15-fifth clutch, 16-simple gear train ring gear, 17-simple gear train sun gear, 18-simple gear train planetary carrier, 19-motor speed ratio gear, 20-external gear, 21-selectable direction clutch, 22-brake, 23-speed reduction gear, 24-speed reduction mechanism, 25-power output shaft, 28-composite planetary gear train, 29-simple planetary gear train, 26-motor inverter, 27-controller, 30-external power, 31-external power input shaft, 33-motor stator, 34-motor connecting gear, 35-gearbox, 36-simple gear train planetary gear train.
Description of the embodiments
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric drive and hybrid power transmission system based on the compound planetary gear train provided by the invention comprises a motor, a power output shaft 25 and a gearbox body 35, wherein an external power input shaft 31 driven by external power 30 is connected to the gearbox body, the selectable direction clutch 21 and the brake 22 are fixedly connected to the gearbox body, and the selectable direction clutch 21 and the brake 22 are respectively and rotatably connected to the external power input shaft 31; a compound planetary gear train 28 and a simple planetary gear train 29 are arranged in the gearbox body; the composite planetary gear train 28 comprises a composite gear train planetary carrier 8, a sun planetary gear 4, a composite gear train small gear ring 5, an external gear 20, a composite gear train sun gear 7, a composite gear train gear ring planetary gear 6, a composite gear train large gear ring 9 and a composite gear train output gear 10, wherein a braking end of the selectable direction clutch 21 can be connected with the composite gear train sun gear 7 respectively, is connected with the composite gear train planetary carrier 8 through a third clutch 13 and is connected with a first clutch 11, the composite gear train gear ring planetary gear 6 and the sun planetary gear 4 are connected on the composite gear train planetary carrier 8, the sun planetary gear 4 is meshed with the composite gear train sun gear 7 and the composite gear train small gear ring 5 respectively, the composite gear train large gear ring 9 is meshed with the composite gear train gear ring planetary gear 6 and the composite gear train output gear 10 respectively, and the composite gear train output gear 10 drives a power output shaft 25 to rotate through a speed reducing mechanism 24; the simple planetary gear system 29 comprises a simple gear system planetary carrier 18, a simple gear system sun gear 17 and a simple gear system gear ring 16, the brake 22 can brake the simple gear system sun gear 17, the simple gear system planetary carrier 18 is connected with an external power input shaft 31 through a fifth clutch 15, the simple gear system planetary carrier 18 is connected with the compound gear system planetary carrier 8 through a second clutch 12, and the simple gear system sun gear 17 is meshed with a small planetary gear on the simple gear system planetary carrier 18; the external power input shaft 31 is connected with an electric speed change mechanism through a fourth clutch 14, the electric speed change mechanism is driven by motor power, and the electric speed change mechanism is in power connection with the external gear 20 through a linkage device; the selectable direction clutch 21, the brake 22, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, and the fifth clutch 15 are all controlled by a controller 27.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the electric speed change mechanism includes a motor connecting gear 34 connected to an external power input shaft 31 through a fourth clutch 14, the motor connecting gear 34 is engaged with a motor speed ratio gear 19, a power shaft of a motor rotor 1 of the motor is connected with an electric driving gear, the electric driving gear is engaged with the motor speed ratio gear 19, and the linkage includes a linkage shaft, one end of which is connected to the motor speed ratio gear 19 and the other end of which is connected to an external gear 20.
The external power input shaft 31 is in power connection with the external power 30 through the torsional damper 3. The motor stator 33 of the motor is connected with a motor inverter 26 which is connected with the controller 27 through an electric signal; the controller 27 and the motor inverter 26 are electrically connected to the external energy storage 2.
The invention also provides a vehicle, which is provided with the electric drive and hybrid power transmission device based on the compound planetary gear train.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides another embodiment, which has the same basic structure as the first embodiment described above, except that the electric speed change mechanism includes a motor connecting gear 34 connected to an external power input shaft 31 through a fourth clutch 14, a linkage shaft is installed in the transmission housing, the linkage shaft is connected with a motor speed ratio gear 19 meshed with the motor connecting gear 34, the linkage device includes a linkage gear, the motor rotor 1 of the motor is connected with an external gear 20 through a power shaft, the external gear is in power connection with the motor speed ratio gear 19 through the linkage gear, that is, the transmission path of the electric speed change mechanism is slightly changed, the direct purpose of which is to set the motor closer to the external gear 20, and the transmission path is shorter and the structure is more compact. The motor rotor is not coaxial with the compound gear train small gear ring any more, but rotates in parallel with the planetary gear train, but keeps a fixed speed ratio relation with the compound gear train small gear ring through gear engagement, and the operation modes are the same.
The invention controls the states of each clutch, the brake and the selectable direction clutch through the controller 27, so that the system can enter various hybrid power transmission modes of pure electric drive, serial charging, power split continuous speed change and fixed speed ratio gear; according to the operation instruction of a driver, the energy and thermal management state of the energy storage system, the vehicle speed, the states of HVAC (heating ventilation and air conditioning) and the like, the optimal mode is selected to enable the vehicle to efficiently run, accelerate, decelerate, energy recovery brake and engine safety brake, and meanwhile the energy of the energy storage system is optimally managed through the electricity generation of the motor.
In the invention, the external power 30 can be an engine on a power vehicle, the specific structure of the torsional vibration damper 3 is the prior art, and mainly comprises an elastic element, a damping element and the like, wherein the elastic element is used for reducing the torsional rigidity of the head end of a transmission system, thereby reducing the inherent frequency of a certain order of the transmission system, changing the inherent vibration mode of the system and avoiding the excitation caused by the excitation of the main harmonic of the torque of the engine; the damping element is used to effectively dissipate vibrational energy and its structure is not described in detail herein. The specific construction of the selectable directional clutch 21 is also known in the art and may be implemented using a SOWC (selectable directional clutch, also known as a CMD, i.e., controllable mechanical diode) manufactured by a company, and will not be described in detail herein. The external energy storage 2 may be a conventional power storage device such as a battery.
The following describes the power transfer for the exemplary pure and hybrid modes and conditions of operation of the present invention, and under the control of the controller 27, the method of regulating speed ratio output, pure electric drive, series charging using a compound planetary gear train based electric drive and hybrid powertrain is as follows:
representative electric drive and hybrid modes of operation
Note that: c1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 represent the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, and the fifth clutch 15, L1 represents the selectable directional clutch 21, L2 represents the brake 22, and state x represents the engaged and locked state.
1. Serial charging mode of operation: the fourth clutch 14 is neutral when combined, and under the control of the controller 27, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braked state, so that the process of charging the motor by the external power input shaft 31 is realized, and the external power 30 engine maintains a fixed transmission speed ratio through the torsional damper 3, the external power input shaft 31, the fourth clutch 14, the motor connecting gear 34, the motor speed ratio gear 19, the external gear 20 and the rotor of the motor; the rotating speed of the engine can be regulated to an optimal working point for power generation by controlling the torque of the motor; the engine may also be started by this mode.
2. Pure electric drive operation mode: the power direction is reversible during pure electric driving, and the motor can convert the electric energy of the energy storage device 2 into mechanical energy to drive the vehicle, and can also convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electric energy to charge the energy storage device 2 during motor braking and decelerating.
The electric-only drive operation mode has three gear positions of the electric-only drive EV1, the electric-only drive EV2, and the electric-only drive EV3, and the meaning of the EV1, the EV2, and the EV3 is that the three electric-only drive modes are realized by controlling states of the selectable one-way clutch 21, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, and the brake 22 under the control of the controller 27, and the three electric-only drive modes are described in detail below.
Pure electric drive EV1: the selectable one-way clutch 21 is engaged, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, the rotor of the motor is connected with the external gear 20, the external gear motor speed ratio gear 19, the external gear 5 is meshed and the compound gear train small gear ring is rotated, and the fixed transmission speed ratio (Nm/Nr 0) of the motor and the compound gear train small gear ring 5 is obviously determined by the number of component gears set forth herein; the compound gear train big gear ring 9 is connected with the compound gear train output gear 10 and drives the power output shaft 25 to drive the vehicle through the speed reducing mechanism 24, and the fixed transmission speed ratio (Nr 1/No) of the compound gear train big gear ring 9 and the output shaft 25 is obviously determined by the number of the component gears set forth herein.
The selectable direction clutch 21 locks the composite gear train sun gear 7, and the speed Ns1 thereof is zero; the speed ratio (Nr 0/Nr 1) of the small gear ring 5 of the compound gear train to the large gear ring 9 of the compound gear train is obviously determined by the design parameters of the compound planetary gear train 28 when the speed of the sun gear 7 is zero; the transmission ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power take-off shaft is the product of the ratios (Nm/Nr 0), (Nr 0/Nr 1), and (Nr 1/No). By controlling the magnitude and direction of the motor torque, the acceleration of the vehicle can be driven forward or backward.
The (Nm/Nr 0) and (Nr 1/No) speed ratios remain unchanged in the various operating modes, which will be referred to by the following mode description, when the (Nr 0/Nr 1) speed ratio relationship is determined, the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the output shaft is the product of (Nm/Nr 0), (Nr 0/Nr 1), and (Nr 1/No), and the description will not be repeated.
Pure electric drive EV2: the third clutch 13 is combined, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braked state, when the third clutch 13 is combined and locked, the large gear ring 9 of the compound planetary gear train 28 and the small gear ring of the compound planetary gear train and the external gear 5 rotate together, （Nr0/Nr1）=1. The transmission ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Nm/Nr 0) and (Nr 1/No).
Pure electric drive EV3: the second clutch 12 and the brake 22 are combined, the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 are in a separated or non-braking state, when the third clutch 13 and the brake 22 are combined and locked, the compound gear train planet carrier 8 does not rotate, and the rotation speed ratio of the large gear ring 9 of the compound planetary gear train 28 to the small gear ring of the compound gear train to the external gear 5 is a negative value; the compound gear train small gear ring rotates the compound gear train big gear ring 9 through the compound planetary gear train 28, and the speed ratio (Nr 0/Nr 1) can be determined by design parameters.
3. Power split continuously variable mode of operation:
the power split continuously variable mode refers to three modes in which the power split continuously variable mode is realized by controlling states of the selectable one-way clutch 21, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15 and the brake 22 through the control action of the controller 27 by the external power 30 and the motor which can jointly drive the power output, and the three modes of power split continuously variable mode are described in detail below.
Power split continuously variable transmission EVT1: the first clutch 11 is combined, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braked state, and the motor drives the compound gear train small gear ring; the composite gear train large gear ring 9 drives the vehicle, the external power 30 drives the composite gear train sun gear 7, the first clutch 11 is in locking connection with the composite gear train sun gear 7 and the external power input shaft 31, the torsional damper 3 and the external power 30 are connected, and the power output shaft 25 is driven by the speed reducing mechanism 24 to drive the vehicle. For convenience, the following description will refer to the external power input shaft 31 and the external power 30 engine.
Output power split: the rotating speed of the engine can be controlled and the optimal point of the combustion working condition can be selected by controlling the torque and the direction of the motor; the rotor of the electric motor drives the vehicle with the engine during forward rotation and generates and feeds back energy to the motor inverter 26 and the energy storage system 2 during reverse rotation and driving of the vehicle.
By controlling the magnitude and direction of the motor torque, the optimal point of engine braking can also be controlled and power can be generated simultaneously.
Power split continuously variable transmission EVT2: the second clutch 12 and the fifth clutch 15 are combined, the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braked state, the external power 30 engine drives the composite gear train planet carrier 8, the second clutch 12 is connected with the composite gear train planet carrier 8, the simple gear train solar energy 17 and the simple gear train planet carrier 18 in a locking way, and the external power 30 engine rotates at the same speed through the clutch 5 15; the motor drives a small gear ring of the composite gear train; the compound gear train large gear ring 9 drives a power output shaft 25 through a speed reducing mechanism 24 so as to drive the vehicle.
Input power split: the rotating speed of the engine can be regulated and the optimal point of the combustion working condition can be selected by controlling the torque and the direction of the motor; when the rotor of the motor rotates in the forward direction, the motor drives the vehicle and the motor generates electricity to charge the motor inverter 26 and the energy storage system 2; when the motor is regulated to reduce the speed and the rotor of the motor rotates in the negative direction, the output power of the motor is reduced, and the motor is increased to maintain the same driving power.
By controlling the magnitude and direction of the motor torque, the optimal point of the engine braking can also be controlled and power can be generated simultaneously.
Power split continuously variable transmission EVT3: the fifth clutch 15 is combined, the brake 22 brakes, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the selectable one-way clutch 21 are in a separated or non-braked state, and the brake 22 locks the simple gear train ring gear 16; the fifth clutch 15 connects the simple train carrier 18 and an external power 30 engine, the external power 30 engine driving the simple train carrier 18; the motor rotor 1 drives a small gear ring of the compound gear train; the compound gear train large gear ring 9 drives a power output shaft 25 through a speed reducing mechanism 24 so as to drive the vehicle.
Input power split: the rotating speed of the engine can be regulated and the optimal point of the combustion working condition can be selected by controlling the torque and the direction of the motor; during forward rotation and driving of the rotor of the motor, the motor-driven vehicle and the motor generate electricity to charge the motor inverter 26 and the energy storage system 2; when the motor is regulated to slow down and the rotor of the motor rotates negatively, the output power of the motor is reduced, and the motor is increased to maintain the same driving power.
By controlling the magnitude and direction of the motor torque, the optimal point of the engine braking can also be controlled and power can be generated simultaneously.
4. Fixed mechanical speed ratio mode of operation:
the fixed mechanical speed ratio working mode refers to a state that the external power 30 and the motor can jointly drive power to output, and the states of the selectable one-way clutch 21, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15 and the brake 22 are controlled to realize speed ratio change of input and output through the control action of the controller 27, namely, a state that nine gears of the fixed mechanical speed ratio are switched and gradient locking is realized, and a specific process for realizing the fixed mechanical speed ratio working mode is described in detail below.
Fixed mechanical speed ratio G1: the fourth clutch 14 is combined, the selectable one-way clutch 21 is locked, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fifth clutch 15 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braked state, the engine external power input shaft 31 is connected with a motor connecting gear 34, a motor speed ratio gear 19 and an external gear 20 through the fourth clutch 14 and is connected with a rotor of an electric motor, the transmission speed ratio (Ne/Nr 0) of the engine and the compound gear train small gear ring 5 is determined, and the electric motor is connected with the compound gear train small gear ring (Nm/Nr 0) in parallel; the selectable direction clutch 21 locks the composite gear train sun gear 7, and the speed Ns1 thereof is zero; the compound wheel train large gear ring 9 drives a vehicle (Nr 1/No); the speed ratio (Nr 0/Nr 1) of the small gear ring 5 of the compound gear train to the large gear ring 9 of the compound gear train is obviously determined by the design parameters of the compound planetary gear train 28 when the speed of the sun gear 7 is zero; the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Ne/Nr 0), (Nr 0/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No); the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Nm/Nr 0), (Nr 0/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No);
The engine and the motor are driven by parallel hybrid power, the motor torque control can realize parallel driving or power generation when the engine is driven, and the engine needs corresponding adjusting torque to keep the driving torque of the vehicle; the request for the change in vehicle torque may also be satisfied by a change in motor torque when the engine torque is constant.
Fixed mechanical speed ratio G2: the second clutch 12 and the fifth clutch 15 are combined, the selectable one-way clutch 21 is locked, the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braked state, and the external power 30 engine drives the compound gear train planet carrier 8 through the fifth clutch 15 and the second clutch 12; the selectable direction clutch 21 locks the composite gear train sun gear 7, and the speed Ns1 thereof is zero; the compound gear train large gear ring 9 drives the vehicle; the speed ratio (Nc 1/Nr 1) of the planet carrier 8 of the compound gear train to the large gear ring 9 of the compound gear train, the speed ratio (Nr 0/Nr 1) of the small gear ring 5 of the compound gear train to the large gear ring 9 of the compound gear train are obviously determined by design parameters of the compound planetary gear train 28 when the speed of the sun gear 7 is zero; the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power take-off shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Nc 1/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No); the transmission ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power take-off shaft is the product of the ratios (Nm/Nr 0), (Nr 0/Nr 1), and (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical speed ratio G3: the first clutch 11 is combined, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, and the external power 30 of the engine drives the sun gear 7 of the compound gear train through the first clutch 11; the rotor of the motor is connected with an external gear 20, an external engaged motor speed ratio gear 19 and an external engaged gear 5 to rotate a small gear ring of the compound gear train, a large gear ring 9 of the compound gear train drives the vehicle, when the speed of the small gear ring is controlled by the motor, only mechanical energy is used for transmission, and the speed ratio (Ns 1/Nr 1) of the sun gear of the compound gear train and the large gear ring 9 of the compound gear train is obvious; the transmission ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the compound train sun gear and the compound train ring gear large 9 speed ratios (Ns 1/Nr 1), and (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical speed ratio G4: the third clutch and the fourth clutch are combined, the first clutch, the second clutch, the fifth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the brake are in a separated state, the large gear ring 9 of the compound planetary gear train 28, the small gear ring 5 of the compound gear train, the external gear 20 and the sun gear 7 of the compound gear train rotate together, the engine is connected with the motor connecting gear 34, the motor speed ratio gear 19 and the external gear 20 through the fourth clutch 14, the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 0) is obvious, nr1=Nr0, and therefore, the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 0) and the speed ratio (Nr 1/No); the transmission ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power take-off shaft is obviously equal to the ratio (Nr 1/No).
The motor rotor 1, the energy storage 2, the torsional damper 3, the composite gear train sun planetary gear 4, the composite gear train ring gear 5, the composite gear train ring planetary gear 6, the composite gear train sun gear 7, the composite gear train planet carrier 8, the composite gear train ring gear 9, the composite gear train output gear 10, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, the simple gear train ring gear 16, the simple gear train sun gear 17, the simple gear train planet carrier 18, the motor speed ratio gear 19, the external gear 20, the selectable direction clutch 21, the brake 22, the reduction gear 23, the reduction mechanism 24, the output shaft 25, the composite gear train 28, the simple planetary gear train 29, the motor inverter 26, the controller 27, the external power 30, the external power shaft 31, the device 32, the motor stator 33, the motor connecting gear 34, the box 35, the simple gear train planetary gear 36,
Fixed mechanical speed ratio G5: the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13 are combined, the second clutch 12, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braked state, the large gear ring 9 of the compound planetary gear train 28, the small gear ring 5 of the compound planetary gear train, the external gear 20 and the sun gear 7 of the compound gear train rotate together, the first clutch 11 connects the sun gear 7 of the compound gear train and the engine external power 30, and therefore the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is equal to the speed ratio (Nr 1/No); the transmission ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power take-off shaft is equal to the speed ratio (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical speed ratio G6: the fifth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the brake are combined, the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are in a separated state, the speed of the composite gear train sun gear 7 is zero, the speed ratio (Nc 1/Nr 1) of the composite gear train planet carrier 8 and the composite gear train large gear ring 9 can be obviously determined, the speed ratio (Nm/Nr 1) of the motor and the composite gear train large gear ring 9 is also obvious, the engine is connected with the simple gear train planet carrier 18 through the fifth clutch 15, the simple gear train sun gear 17 is connected with the composite gear train planet carrier 8, the speed of the simple gear train ring gear 16 is connected with the brake 22 is zero, the speed ratio (Ne/Nc 1) of the engine and the composite gear train planet carrier 8 is obvious, and therefore the speed ratio (Ne/No) of the transmission of the engine and the power output shaft is equal to the product of the speed ratios (Ne/Nc 1/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No); the transmission ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power take-off shaft is equal to the product of the ratios (Nm/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical speed ratio G7: the second clutch 12 and the fifth clutch 15 are combined, the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braked state, the external power 30 engine drives the composite gear train planet carrier 8, the second clutch 12 is connected with the composite gear train planet carrier 8, the simple gear train solar energy 17 and the simple gear train planet carrier 18 to rotate at the same speed, and the fifth clutch 15 is connected with the external power 30 engine and the composite gear train planet carrier 8 to rotate at the same speed; it is obvious that when the speed of the small gear ring of the motor connecting compound gear train is controlled to be static, the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 1) of the large gear ring 9 of the engine and the compound gear train is the product of the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 1) and the speed ratio (Nr 1/No) of the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft.
Fixed mechanical speed ratio G8: the first clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are combined, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the selectable directional clutch are in a separated state, the engine is connected with the sun planet wheel 4 of the compound gear train through the first clutch 11, the simple gear train planet carrier 18 rotates at the same speed through the fifth clutch, the simple gear train sun wheel 17 is connected with the planet carrier 8 of the compound gear train and rotates at the same speed, the speed of the simple gear train ring 16 is zero, the speed ratio (Ne/Nc 1) of the engine and the planet carrier 8 of the compound gear train is obvious, the speed ratio (Nc 1/Nr 1) of the planet carrier 8 of the compound gear train and the large gear 9 of the compound gear train is obvious, the speed ratio (Nm/Nr 1) of the motor and the large gear 9 of the compound gear train is obvious, the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Ne/Nc 1), (Nc 1/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No), and the transmission speed ratio (Nr 1/No) of the motor and the power output shaft is the product of No (Nm/Nr 1).
Fixed mechanical speed ratio G9: the third clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are combined, the first clutch, the second clutch, the fourth clutch, the selectable direction clutch and the compound planetary gear train 28 are in a separated state, the big gear ring 9, the compound planetary gear train small gear ring 5, the external gear 20 and the compound planetary gear train sun gear 7 rotate together, the engine is connected with the simple gear train planet carrier 18 through the fifth clutch 15, the speed of the simple gear train 16 connected with the brake 22 is zero, the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 2) of the engine and the simple gear train sun gear 17 can be obviously determined, the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 2) and the speed ratio (Nr 1/No), and the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power output shaft is equal to the speed ratio (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical speed ratio GR gear: the second clutch 12 and the fourth clutch 14 are combined, the brake 22 brakes, the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 are in a separated or non-braked state, and the speeds of the simple gear train ring gear 16 and the compound gear train planet carrier 8 are zero; the motor and compound planetary train large ring gear 9 speed ratio (Nm/Nr 1) can be determined obviously, the engine external power input shaft 31 is connected with the motor connecting gear 34, the meshing motor speed ratio gear 19 and the meshing external gear 20 through the fourth clutch 14 and is connected with the rotor of the motor, and the engine and compound planetary train small ring gear 5 transmission speed ratio (Ne/Nr 0) can be determined obviously, so that the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Ne/Nr 0), (Nm/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No); the transmission ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power take-off shaft is the product of the ratios (Nm/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No).
The gradient lock C3, the third clutch 13 is combined, the selectable one-way clutch 21 is locked, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, and the large gear ring 9, the small gear ring and the external gear 5 of the compound planetary gear train 28 and the sun gear 7 of the compound gear train rotate together; the selectable direction clutch 21 locks the speed of the sun gear 7 of the compound gear train and the large gear ring 9 of the compound planetary gear train 28 to be zero, so that the speed of an output shaft is zero and the vehicle is prevented from sliding.
In the above description of the invention, ne represents the rotation speed of the engine (external power 30), no represents the rotation speed of the power output shaft 25, nr0 represents the rotation speed of the compound train ring gear 5, and Nm represents the rotation speed of the motor rotor of the motor; ns1 represents the rotational speed of the compound train sun gear 7, nr1 represents the rotational speed of the compound train ring gear 9, nc1 represents the rotational speed of the compound train carrier 8, nr2 represents the rotational speed of the simple train ring gear 16, nc2 represents the rotational speed of the simple train carrier 18, ns2 represents the rotational speed of the simple train sun gear 17, and those skilled in the art will know how to calculate the transmission ratios in the respective gear positions described above based on the above description.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is within the scope of the present invention to provide equivalent variations on the specific structures of the present invention and to replace the components in the present invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a hybrid power transmission and electric drive device based on compound planetary gear train, includes motor, power take off shaft and gearbox body, is connected with external power input shaft (31) by external power (30) drive on the gearbox body, characterized by: the gearbox body is fixedly connected with a selectable direction clutch (21) and a brake (22), and the selectable direction clutch (21) and the brake (22) are respectively and rotatably connected to the external power input shaft (31);
A compound planetary gear train and a simple planetary gear train are arranged in the gearbox body;
the compound planetary gear train comprises a compound gear train planetary gear frame (8), a sun gear (4), a compound gear train small gear ring (5), an external gear (20), a compound gear train sun gear (7), a compound gear train gear ring planetary gear (6), a compound gear train big gear ring (9) and a compound gear train output gear (10), wherein a braking end of the selectable directional clutch (21) can be connected with the compound gear train sun gear (7) respectively, is connected with the compound gear train planetary gear frame (8) through a third clutch (13) and is connected with a first clutch (11), the sun gear (4) and the compound gear train gear ring planetary gear (6) are connected on the compound gear train planetary gear frame (8), the sun gear (4) is meshed with the compound gear train sun gear (7) and the compound gear train small gear ring (5) respectively, the compound gear train big gear ring (9) is meshed with the compound gear train gear ring (6) and is connected with the compound gear train output gear (10), and the compound gear train output gear (10) is driven to rotate through a speed reducing mechanism power output shaft;
the simple planetary gear train comprises a simple gear train planetary carrier (18), a simple gear train sun gear (17) and a simple gear train gear ring (16), the brake (22) can brake the simple gear train gear ring (16), the simple gear train planetary carrier (18) is connected with an external power input shaft (31) through a fifth clutch (15), the simple gear train planetary carrier (18) is connected with a compound gear train planetary carrier (8) through a second clutch (12), and the simple gear train sun gear (17) is meshed with a small planetary gear (36) on the simple gear train planetary carrier (18) and is simultaneously connected with the compound gear train planetary carrier (8);
The external power input shaft (31) is connected with an electric speed change mechanism through a fourth clutch (14), the electric speed change mechanism is driven by motor power, and the electric speed change mechanism is in power connection with a compound gear train small gear ring (5) through a linkage device;
the selectable direction clutch (21), the brake (22), the first clutch (11), the second clutch (12), the third clutch (13), the fourth clutch (14) and the fifth clutch (15) are all controlled by a controller (27).
2. A hybrid power transmission and electric drive apparatus based on a compound planetary gear train as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electric speed change mechanism comprises a motor connecting gear (34) connected to an external power input shaft (31) through a fourth clutch (14), a motor speed ratio gear (19) is meshed with the motor connecting gear (34), an external gear (20) is connected to a motor rotor (1) of the motor, and the external gear (20) is meshed with the motor speed ratio gear (19).
3. A hybrid power transmission and electric drive apparatus based on a compound planetary gear train as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the linkage device comprises an external gear (20), wherein the external gear (20) is connected with a compound gear train small gear ring (5) and is meshed with one end gear connected with a motor speed ratio gear (19).
4. A hybrid power transmission and electric drive apparatus based on a compound planetary gear train as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electric speed change mechanism comprises a motor connecting gear (34) connected to an external power input shaft (31) through a fourth clutch (14), a linkage shaft is arranged in the gearbox body, a motor speed ratio gear (19) meshed with the motor connecting gear (34) is connected to the linkage shaft, the linkage device comprises a linkage gear, a motor rotor (1) of the motor is connected with an external gear (20) through a power shaft, and the external gear is in power connection with the motor speed ratio gear (19) through the linkage gear.
5. A hybrid transmission and electric drive based on compound planetary gear set according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the external power input shaft (31) is in power connection with external power (30) through a torsional damper (3).
6. A hybrid transmission and electric drive based on compound planetary gear set according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: a motor stator (33) of the motor is connected with a motor inverter (26), and the motor inverter is connected with a controller (27) through an electric signal; the controller (27) and the motor inverter (26) are electrically connected with an external energy storage (2).
7. A vehicle, characterized in that it is fitted with an electric drive and hybrid transmission based on a compound planetary gear set as claimed in any one of claims 1-6.
CN202010506321.4A 2020-04-17 2020-06-05 Hybrid power transmission and electric driving device based on compound planetary gear train Active CN111452608B (en)

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CN112406507B (en) * 2020-10-29 2024-04-16 东风汽车集团有限公司 Hybrid power driving method and device, power system, vehicle and related equipment
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