CN111452608A - Hybrid power transmission and electric drive device based on compound planetary gear train - Google Patents

Hybrid power transmission and electric drive device based on compound planetary gear train Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111452608A
CN111452608A CN202010506321.4A CN202010506321A CN111452608A CN 111452608 A CN111452608 A CN 111452608A CN 202010506321 A CN202010506321 A CN 202010506321A CN 111452608 A CN111452608 A CN 111452608A
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gear
clutch
gear train
motor
compound
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CN202010506321.4A
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CN111452608B (en
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韩尔樑
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Rongbo Technology Co ltd
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Suzhou Rongbo Power Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid power transmission and electric drive device based on a compound planetary gear train, which comprises a compound planetary gear train with two gear rings, a simple planetary gear train transmission mechanism, a generator, a driving motor, a plurality of clutches, a selectable direction clutch, a controller, a motor inverter, an external battery pack and external power such as an engine. The small gear ring of the composite gear train is connected with the motor rotor, and the large gear ring is connected with the output shaft through a fixed speed ratio. The compound planet wheel carrier is connected with the solar energy of the simple gear train. The external power input shaft can be connected with a simple planet carrier, a compound gear train sun gear and a motor connecting gear through a clutch. The device can provide 10 hybrid power transmission modes with fixed speed ratios, three electric drive speed ratio modes, one series connection mode and three continuous speed change modes, and is suitable for electric drive and hybrid power coupling transmission of electric and hybrid power vehicles, including ships and amphibious vehicles, aircrafts and engineering machinery.

Description

Hybrid power transmission and electric drive device based on compound planetary gear train
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vehicle electric drive and power transmission device, in particular to a hybrid power transmission system which is used for a range-extending, plug-in and conventional hybrid power vehicle and is based on a single motor drive of a compound planetary gear train and multiple power split modes.
Background
The pure electric vehicle is clean and environment-friendly, is beneficial to promoting the development and utilization of renewable energy sources and meets the strategic requirements of energy source diversification, is low in daily use and maintenance cost, is supported by government policies, and is worthy of great popularization because of the limitation of charging facilities, the pure electric vehicle is far less popular than the traditional fuel vehicle.
VO L T and Prius both adopt a power split design of a double motor and two motor inverters based on a planetary gear train, and the cost is higher than that of a single motor power split technology.
Prius has only one continuously variable mode, i.e., the input-power-split mode. This mode is efficient when the vehicle speed is low, but at higher speeds the generator speed is too high and the energy loss is large; especially in the pure electric mode, the generator speed reaches the limit very fast, must start the engine, produces emission and oil consumption.
The 2MH hybrid system of a general purpose vehicle has two power split modes and four fixed speed ratio gears. 2MH indicates that fixed ratio gears and multiple power split modes may improve power and fuel economy.
In order to meet the requirements of clean pure electric trips and the requirements of the market on cost and oil consumption, the invention needs to invent an electric drive and hybrid power transmission system with a single motor, low cost, a plurality of power split modes and fixed speed ratio gears.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the technical improvement and improvement requirements, and provides an electric drive and hybrid power transmission device based on a single-motor compound planetary gear train, which has a plurality of pure electric drives with fixed speed ratios, a series charging mode and a plurality of continuously variable speed hybrid modes, and is suitable for low, medium and high vehicle speeds and 9 fixed speed ratio gears. Not only is the system cost reduced, but also the system volume is reduced, and the oil consumption economy of the system is obviously improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an electric drive and hybrid transmission based on compound planetary gear train, includes motor, power output shaft and gearbox body, is connected with the external power input shaft by external power drive on the gearbox body, and its structural feature is: the direction-selectable clutch and the brake are fixedly connected to the gearbox body, and are respectively and rotationally connected to the external power input shaft;
a compound planetary gear train and a simple planetary gear train are arranged in the gearbox body;
the compound planetary gear train comprises a compound gear train planet carrier, a sun planetary gear, a compound gear train small gear ring, an external gear, a compound gear train sun gear, a compound gear train ring planetary gear, a compound gear train large gear ring and a compound gear train output gear, the braking end of the clutch with the selectable direction can be connected with the compound gear train sun gear, the compound gear train planet carrier through a third clutch and the first clutch respectively, the sun planetary gear and the compound gear train ring planetary gear are connected on the compound gear train planet carrier, the sun planetary gear is respectively engaged with the compound gear train sun gear and the compound gear train small gear ring, the compound gear train large gear ring is engaged with the compound gear train ring planetary gear and connected with the compound gear train output gear train, and the compound gear train output gear drives the power output shaft to rotate through a speed;
the simple planetary gear train comprises a simple gear train planet carrier, a simple gear train sun gear and a simple gear train gear ring, the brake can brake the simple gear train gear ring, the simple gear train planet carrier is connected with an external power input shaft through a fifth clutch, the simple gear train planet carrier is connected with a composite gear train planet carrier through a second clutch, and the simple gear train sun gear is meshed with a small planetary gear on the simple gear train planet carrier and is simultaneously connected with the composite gear train planet carrier;
the external power input shaft is connected with an electric speed change mechanism through a fourth clutch, the electric speed change mechanism is driven by the power of a motor, and the electric speed change mechanism is in power connection with a small gear ring of the compound gear train through a linkage device;
the direction-selectable clutch, the brake, the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the fifth clutch are all controlled by the controller. The selectable one-way clutch can realize unidirectional locking braking, bidirectional locking braking and bidirectional separation under the control of the controller, the unidirectional locking braking refers to the counterclockwise rotation (facing to an engine) of the compound gear train sun gear 7 connected with the locking, the bidirectional locking braking refers to the counterclockwise and clockwise rotation of the locking compound gear train sun gear 7, and the bidirectional separation refers to the counterclockwise and clockwise rotation of the compound gear train sun gear 7.
The electric speed change mechanism comprises a motor connecting gear connected to the external power input shaft through a fourth clutch, the motor connecting gear is meshed with a motor speed ratio gear, an electric driving gear is connected to a power shaft of a motor rotor of the motor, and the electric driving gear is meshed with the motor speed ratio gear.
The linkage device comprises a motor gear, the motor gear is connected with a compound gear train small gear ring and is meshed with one end gear connected with a motor speed ratio gear.
The external power input shaft is connected with external power through a torsional damper.
The motor stator of the motor is connected with a motor inverter, and the motor inverter is connected with the controller 27 through an electric signal; the controller and the motor inverter are electrically connected with an external energy storage.
A vehicle is provided with the compound planetary gear train-based hybrid power transmission and electric drive device of the above-described structure.
The combined control of the clutches, the direction-selectable clutches and the brake by the controller can enable the system to enter a hybrid power transmission mode of pure electric drive, series charging, power-split continuous speed change and fixed speed ratio gears.
The pure electric driving mode is provided with three different motors and an output shaft for fixing pure electric speed ratios. The clutch with the selectable direction is combined, and the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are in a separated state and are in a pure electric speed ratio of 1 gear;
the third clutch is combined, and the first clutch, the second clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch, the direction-selectable clutch and the brake are in a separated state and are pure electric speed ratio 2;
the second clutch and the brake are combined, and the first clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch and the direction-selectable clutch are in a separated state and are pure electric speed ratio of 3.
The series charging mode is realized by combining a fourth clutch, and can work when the vehicle stops or slides.
The power split continuous variable speed working modes are three. The first clutch is combined, and the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch, the direction-selectable clutch and the brake are in a separated state, namely a continuous speed-changing series-parallel mode 1 and an output power split mode;
the second clutch and the fifth clutch are combined, and the first clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the direction-selectable clutch and the brake are in a continuous speed-changing series-parallel mode 2 and an input power split mode when in a separated state;
the fifth clutch is combined, the brake is locked in two directions, and the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the direction-selectable clutch are in a continuous speed-changing series-parallel mode 3 and an input power split mode when in a separated state.
The fixed speed ratio gear has 10 parallel hybrid power and mechanical transmission speed ratios. The fourth clutch is combined, the clutch with the selectable direction is bidirectionally locked, and the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are in a 1-gear state when being in a separated state;
the second clutch and the fifth clutch are combined, the direction-selectable clutch is bidirectionally locked, and the first clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the brake are in a 2-gear state when being in a separated state;
the first clutch is combined, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch, the direction-selectable clutch and the brake are in a separated state, and the speed of the motor is 3 gears when the speed is zero. At the moment, theoretically, one hundred percent of external power mechanical energy is transmitted to the output shaft, so that the external power mechanical energy is called as a mechanical speed ratio;
the first clutch, the second clutch, the fifth clutch, the direction-selectable clutch and the brake are in a 4-gear state when being in a separated state;
the first clutch and the third clutch are combined, and the second clutch, the fourth clutch, the fifth clutch, the direction-selectable clutch and the brake are in a 5-gear state when being in a separated state;
the fifth clutch and the brake are combined, the direction-selectable clutch is bidirectionally locked, the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are in a separation state, and the speed of the motor is 6 gears when the speed is zero;
the second clutch and the fifth clutch are combined, and the first clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch, the direction-selectable clutch and the brake are in 7-gear when in a separated state
The first clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are combined, and the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the direction-selectable clutch are in 8-gear when in a separated state;
the third clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are combined, and the first clutch, the second clutch, the fourth clutch and the direction-selectable clutch are in 9-gear when in a separated state;
the second clutch and the fourth clutch are combined, the brake is locked in two directions, and the first clutch, the third clutch, the fifth clutch and the direction-selectable clutch are in a reverse gear state when being in a separated state.
The device provides pure electric drive or reversing with three fixed speed ratios when external power stops working or is not connected; the controller selects a speed ratio and controls according to the vehicle state, so that the pure electric dynamic property of the vehicle is improved, and the motor speed and energy loss of the vehicle at high speed are reduced; all clutches do not need oil pressure to work in a combined mode when the electric vehicle runs at daily medium speed and low speed in one gear, energy consumption of an oil pump hydraulic system can be saved, and therefore electric driving efficiency and cold starting response speed are improved.
The device provides a series charging and three continuous variable speed series-parallel working modes and 9 fixed speed ratio parallel hybrid power gears by combining external power; the controller selects and controls according to the vehicle state, realizes electric drive, engine drive, series charging, parallel charging and electric power assisted hybrid power drive, deceleration braking energy recovery, parallel-serial mode input power shunting and output power shunting drive, simultaneously carries out charging and discharging on an energy storage system, carries out mountain descending under full power and carries out engine braking when the battery power is limited, improves the dynamic property and the safety of a vehicle power assembly, and reduces the energy consumption; the three continuous speed change series-parallel connection modes are respectively suitable for selecting the optimal working condition of the engine at low speed, medium speed and high speed and providing the power comfort of continuous speed change; fixed ratio shifts can be accomplished by adjusting the engine speed in a continuously variable mode and then shifting, which is more comfortable, reduces friction losses in the clutch and the energy design requirements for shifting, while improving transient combustion control of the engine and thus reducing polluting emissions.
The engine can be started through a series mode, and the controller can also select the proper clutches with 9 fixed speed ratios to control the differential torque of the clutches to start; the controller can also select the proper clutch with 9 fixed speed ratios to control the differential torque of the clutch and the engine torque to drive the vehicle to start or reverse when required.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
A. the invention is a multi-speed-ratio pure electric driving device, which improves the dynamic property of the motor at low speed, reduces the rotating speed noise and energy loss of the motor at high speed and does not need external power such as an engine.
B. The invention provides a series-parallel working mode of series charging and three continuous variable speed driving and 9 parallel hybrid power gears with fixed speed ratio, which are superior to extended-range electric vehicles and fuel hybrid power products in the mainstream of the international market, improves the high-efficiency working condition and fuel economy of a high-speed and low-speed engine, improves the driving comfort and transient combustion control of the engine and reduces pollution emission due to stable engine speed change, and improves the power performance of high-horsepower driving and the economy of long-distance driving due to 9 fixed speed ratios.
C. The invention integrates a motor and a motor inverter, thereby saving the cost compared with the mainstream similar double-motor products in the international market.
D. The invention can select proper gear and mode to obtain comfortable engine braking performance and avoid brake thermal damage, thereby improving the safety and reliability of braking under full power and limited electric power.
E. The fixed speed ratio gear shifting can select a parallel-series mode to synchronize the rotating speed of the engine, thereby reducing the friction damage of the clutch and increasing the reliability.
F. The invention improves the cold start response performance of the pure electric mode and reduces the energy loss, the direction-selectable clutch is driven when entering the pure electric 1 gear in a locking state without oil pressure, the friction energy loss of the direction-selectable clutch is less than the energy loss of a common brake in a separation state, and the high-speed operation efficiency is further improved.
Drawings
While the drawings facilitate the description of the embodiments, as follows, many modifications of the embodiments will be apparent to the practitioner upon a study of the drawings to achieve similar or partial results;
FIG. 1 depicts a schematic of the present compound planetary gear train based electric drive and hybrid transmission;
FIG. 2 depicts a simplified structural diagram of another variation of the compound planetary gear train-based electric drive and hybrid transmission of the present invention;
the labels in the figure are as follows:
1-motor rotor, 2-energy storage, 3-torsion shock absorber, 4-compound gear train sun planet wheel, 5-compound gear train small gear ring, 6-compound gear train ring planet wheel, 7-compound gear train sun wheel, 8-compound gear train planet carrier, 9-compound gear train large gear ring, 10-compound gear train output gear, 11-first clutch, 12-second clutch, 13-third clutch, 14-fourth clutch, 15-fifth clutch, 16-simple gear train ring, 17-simple gear train sun wheel, 18-simple gear train planet carrier, 19-motor ratio gear, 20-motor gear, 21-direction-selectable clutch, 22-brake, 23-reduction gear, 24-reduction mechanism, 25-output shaft, 26-motor inverter, 27-controller, 30-motor speed reducer, 2-motor speed reducer, 1-motor speed reducer, 2-motor speed reducer, 25-output External power 31 external power input shaft 33 motor stator 34 motor connecting gear 35 box 36 simple gear planetary gear.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are part of the invention and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric drive and hybrid power transmission system based on the compound planetary gear train comprises an electric motor, a power output shaft 25 and a gearbox body 35, wherein the gearbox body is connected with an external power input shaft 31 driven by external power 30, the gearbox body is fixedly connected with the direction-selectable clutch 21 and the brake 22, and the direction-selectable clutch 21 and the brake 22 are respectively and rotationally connected with the external power input shaft 31; a compound planetary gear train 28 and a simple planetary gear train 29 are arranged in the gearbox body; the compound planetary gear train 28 comprises a compound gear train planet carrier 8, a sun planetary gear 4, a compound gear train small gear ring 5, a motor gear 20, a compound gear train sun gear 7, a compound gear train gear ring planetary gear 6, a compound gear train large gear ring 9 and a compound gear train output gear 10, the braking end of the direction-selectable clutch 21 can be respectively connected with the sun gear 7 of the compound gear train, the planet carrier 8 of the compound gear train through a third clutch 13 and the first clutch 11, the compound gear train gear ring planet wheel 6 and the sun planet wheel 4 are connected on a compound gear train planet carrier 8, the sun planet wheel 4 is respectively meshed with a compound gear train sun wheel 7 and a compound gear train small gear ring 5, the compound gear train large gear ring 9 is respectively meshed with the compound gear train gear ring planet gear 6 and the compound gear train output gear 10, the compound gear train output gear 10 drives a power output shaft 25 to rotate through a speed reducing mechanism 24; the simple planetary gear train 29 comprises a simple gear train planet carrier 18, a simple gear train sun gear 17 and a simple gear train gear ring 16, the brake 22 can brake the simple gear train sun gear 17, the simple gear train planet carrier 18 is connected with an external power input shaft 31 through a fifth clutch 15, the simple gear train planet carrier 18 is connected with a composite gear train planet carrier 8 through a second clutch 12, and the simple gear train sun gear 17 is meshed with a small planetary gear on the simple gear train planet carrier 18; the external power input shaft 31 is connected with an electric speed change mechanism through a fourth clutch 14, the electric speed change mechanism is driven by the power of a motor, and the electric speed change mechanism is in power connection with the external gear 5 through a linkage device; the direction selectable clutch 21, the brake 22, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, and the fifth clutch 15 are controlled by a controller 27.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the electric speed changing mechanism includes a motor connecting gear 34 connected to the external power input shaft 31 through the fourth clutch 14, the motor connecting gear 34 is engaged with the motor ratio gear 19, an electric gear is connected to a power shaft of the motor rotor 1 of the electric motor, the electric gear is engaged with the motor ratio gear 19, the linkage device includes a linkage shaft, one end of the linkage shaft is connected to the motor ratio gear 19, and the other end of the linkage shaft is connected to the external gear 5.
The external power input shaft 31 is in power connection with the external power 30 via the torsional vibration damper 3. The motor stator 33 of the motor is connected with a motor inverter 26, and the motor inverter is connected with the controller 27 through an electric signal; the controller 27 and the motor inverter 26 are electrically connected to the external energy storage 2.
The invention also provides a vehicle which is provided with the electric drive and hybrid power transmission device based on the compound planetary gear train.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides another embodiment, which has the same basic structure as the first embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in that the electric speed-changing mechanism includes a motor connecting gear 34 connected to the external power input shaft 31 through a fourth clutch 14, a linkage shaft is installed in the transmission case, a motor ratio gear 19 engaged with the motor connecting gear 34 is connected to the linkage shaft, the linkage device includes a linkage gear, the motor rotor 1 of the electric motor is connected to the external gear 5 through a power shaft, and the external gear is power-connected to the motor ratio gear 19 through the linkage gear, that is, the transmission route of the electric speed-changing mechanism is slightly changed, which directly aims to make the electric motor be disposed closer to the external gear 5, and the transmission route is shorter and the structure is more compact. The motor rotor is not coaxial with the compound gear train small gear ring any more, but rotates in parallel with the planetary gear train, but keeps a fixed speed ratio relationship with the compound gear train small gear ring through gear engagement, and the operation modes are the same.
The controller 27 controls the states of the clutches, the brake and the direction-selectable clutch, so that the system can enter various hybrid power transmission modes of pure electric drive, series charging, power split continuous speed change and fixed speed ratio gears; according to the operating instruction of a driver, the energy and thermal management state of an energy storage system, the vehicle speed, the HVAC (heating ventilation and air conditioning) state and the like, an optimal mode is selected to enable the vehicle to efficiently run, accelerate, decelerate, recover energy and brake and safely brake an engine, and meanwhile, the energy of the energy storage system is optimally managed through the electricity generated by a motor.
In the present invention, the external power 30 can be an engine on a power vehicle, the specific structure of the torsional damper 3 is the prior art, and mainly comprises an elastic element, a damping element, etc., wherein the spring element is used for reducing the torsional rigidity of the head end of the transmission system, thereby reducing a certain order natural frequency of the torsional system of the transmission system, changing the natural vibration mode of the system, and enabling the system to avoid excitation caused by the excitation of the main harmonic quantity of the engine torque; the damping element serves to dissipate the vibration energy efficiently, and its structure will not be described in detail here. The specific structure of the selectable direction clutch 21 is also known in the art, and may be a SOWC (selectable direction clutch, also referred to as CMD, controllable mechanical diode) manufactured by some company, and the specific structure thereof is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein. The external energy storage 2 may be a prior art electrical storage device such as a battery.
The power transmission of typical pure electric and hybrid power operation modes and conditions of the present invention is specifically described below, and under the control of the controller 27, the methods of speed ratio output, pure electric drive, and series charging using the electric drive based on the compound planetary gear train and the regulation of the hybrid power transmission system are as follows:
TABLE-ELECTRIC DRIVE AND HYBRID TYPE OPERATION MODE
Figure 851173DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Note that C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 represent the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, and the fifth clutch 15, L1 represents the selectable direction clutch 21, L2 represents the brake 22, and state x represents the engaged and locked state.
1. Series charging mode of operation: when the fourth clutch 14 is in neutral gear when in combination, under the control action of the controller 27, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, so that the process of charging the motor from the external power input shaft 31 is realized, and the external power 30 engine keeps a fixed transmission speed ratio through the torsional vibration damper 3, the external power input shaft 31, the fourth clutch 14, the motor connecting gear 34, the motor speed ratio gear 19, the motor gear 20 and a rotor of the motor; the rotating speed of the engine can be adjusted to the optimal working condition point to generate electricity by controlling the torque of the motor; the engine may also be started by this mode.
2. Pure electric drive mode: the power direction is reversible when pure electric drive, and the motor can convert the electric energy of energy storage device 2 into mechanical energy to drive the vehicle, also can convert the kinetic energy of vehicle into electric energy to charge energy storage device 2 when the motor brakes and decelerates simultaneously.
The pure electric drive operating mode has three gears of a pure electric drive EV1, a pure electric drive EV2 and a pure electric drive EV3, the three modes of pure electric drive are meant by EV1, EV2 and EV3, and under the control action of the controller 27, the states of the selectable one-way clutch 21, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15 and the brake 22 are controlled to realize the three pure electric drive modes, and the three pure electric drive modes are described in detail below.
Pure electric drive EV 1: the selectable one-way clutch 21 is combined, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, a rotor of the motor is connected with the motor gear 20, the external meshing motor speed ratio gear 19 and the meshing external gear 5 and rotates the compound gear train small gear ring, and the fixed transmission speed ratio (Nm/Nr 0) of the motor and the compound gear train small gear ring 5 is obviously determined by the number of the gears of the components explained herein; the compound gear train large gear ring 9 is connected with the compound gear train output gear 10 and drives the power output shaft 25 to drive the vehicle through the speed reducing mechanism 24, and the fixed transmission speed ratio (Nr 1/No) of the compound gear train large gear ring 9 and the output shaft 25 is obviously determined by the number of the gear parts stated herein.
The direction selectable clutch 21 locks the compound gear train sun gear 7, and the speed Ns1 is zero; the speed ratio (Nr 0/Nr 1) of the compound gear train small gear ring 5 and the compound gear train large gear ring 9 is obviously determined by the design parameters of the compound planetary gear train 28 when the speed of the sun gear 7 is zero; the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Nm/Nr 0), (Nr 0/Nr 1), and (Nr 1/No). By controlling the magnitude and direction of the motor torque, acceleration of the vehicle in forward or reverse can be driven.
The (Nm/Nr 0) and (Nr 1/No) speed ratios remain unchanged in the various operating modes, as will be referred to in the description of the subsequent modes, and when the (Nr 0/Nr 1) speed ratio relationship is determined, the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the output shaft is the product of (Nm/Nr 0), (Nr 0/Nr 1), and (Nr 1/No), and the description will not be repeated.
Pure electric drive EV 2: the third clutch 13 is engaged, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, when the third clutch 13 is engaged, the large ring gear 9 and the small ring gear of the compound gear train 28 and the external gear 5 rotate together,（Nr0/Nr1）=1. The transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Nm/Nr 0) and (Nr 1/No).
Pure electric drive EV 3: the second clutch 12 and the brake 22 are combined, the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15 and the selectable one-way clutch 21 are in a separated or non-braking state, when the third clutch 13 and the brake 22 are locked, the compound gear train planet carrier 8 does not rotate, and the rotation speed ratio of the large gear ring 9 of the compound planetary gear train 28, the small gear ring of the compound gear train and the external gear 5 is a negative value; the compound gear train small gear ring rotates the compound gear train large gear ring 9 through the compound planetary gear train 28, and the speed ratio (Nr 0/Nr 1) can be determined by design parameters.
3. Power split continuous variable speed mode of operation:
the power split continuously variable transmission mode is an operation mode in which the external power 30 and the motor can drive power output together, and three modes of power split continuously variable transmission are realized by controlling states of the selectable one-way clutch 21, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, and the brake 22 by the control action of the controller 27, and the three modes of power split continuously variable transmission are described in detail below.
Power split continuously variable transmission EVT 1: the first clutch 11 is combined, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, and the motor drives the compound gear train small gear ring; the compound gear train large gear ring 9 drives a vehicle, the external power 30 engine drives the compound gear train sun gear 7, the first clutch 11 is connected with the compound gear train sun gear 7 and the external power input shaft 31 in a locking mode, is connected with the torsion damper 3 and the external power 30 engine, and drives the power output shaft 25 to drive the vehicle through the speed reducing mechanism 24. For convenience, the following description will be considered with respect to the external power input shaft 31 and the external power 30 engine.
Output power splitting: by controlling the magnitude and the direction of the motor torque, the rotating speed of the engine can be controlled and the optimal point of the combustion working condition can be selected; the rotor of the motor drives the vehicle together with the engine when rotating in the forward direction, and generates and feeds back energy to the motor inverter 26 and the energy storage system 2 when rotating in the negative direction and driving the vehicle.
By controlling the magnitude and direction of the motor torque, it is also possible to control the optimal point of engine braking and simultaneously generate electricity.
Power split continuously variable transmission EVT 2: the second clutch 12 and the fifth clutch 15 are combined, the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, the external power 30 is used for driving the compound gear train planet carrier 8 by an engine, the second clutch 12 is connected with the compound gear train planet carrier 8, the simple gear train solar energy 17 and the simple gear train planet carrier 18 in an engaging and locking manner, and the external power 30 is connected through the fifth clutch 15 for the engine to rotate at the same speed; the motor drives the small gear ring of the compound gear train; the compound gear train large gear ring 9 drives a power output shaft 25 through a speed reducing mechanism 24 so as to drive the vehicle.
Input power splitting: the rotating speed of the engine can be adjusted and the optimal point of the combustion working condition can be selected by controlling the magnitude and the direction of the motor torque; when the rotor of the motor rotates in the forward direction, the engine drives the vehicle and the motor generates electricity to charge the motor inverter 26 and the energy storage system 2; when the engine is adjusted to decelerate and the rotor of the motor rotates in the negative direction, the output power of the engine is reduced, and the power of the motor is increased to keep the same driving power.
By controlling the magnitude and direction of the motor torque, it is also possible to control the optimal point of braking of the engine and generate electricity at the same time.
Power split continuously variable transmission EVT 3: the fifth clutch 15 is combined, the brake 22 brakes, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14 and the selectable one-way clutch 21 are in a separated or non-braking state, and the brake 22 locks the simple gear train gear ring 16; the fifth clutch 15 is connected with the simple gear train planet carrier 18 and the external power 30 engine, and the external power 30 engine drives the simple gear train planet carrier 18; the motor rotor 1 drives a small gear ring of a composite gear train; the compound gear train large gear ring 9 drives a power output shaft 25 through a speed reducing mechanism 24 so as to drive the vehicle.
Input power splitting: the rotating speed of the engine can be adjusted and the optimal point of the combustion working condition can be selected by controlling the magnitude and the direction of the motor torque; when the rotor of the motor rotates and drives in the forward direction, the engine drives the vehicle and the motor generates electricity to charge the motor inverter 26 and the energy storage system 2; when the engine is adjusted to decelerate and the rotor of the motor rotates in a negative direction, the output power of the engine is reduced, and the power of the motor is increased to keep the same driving power.
By controlling the magnitude and direction of the motor torque, it is also possible to control the optimal point of braking of the engine and generate electricity at the same time.
4. Fixed mechanical ratio mode of operation:
the fixed mechanical speed ratio operation mode refers to a mode in which the external power 30 and the motor can drive power output together, and the states of the selectable one-way clutch 21, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15 and the brake 22 are controlled through the control action of the controller 27 to realize the speed ratio change of input and output, that is, the switching of nine gears of the fixed mechanical speed ratio and the state of gradient locking are realized, and the specific process for realizing the fixed mechanical speed ratio operation mode is described in detail below.
Fixed mechanical ratio G1 gear: the fourth clutch 14 is combined, the one-way clutch 21 can be selected to be locked, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fifth clutch 15 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, the engine external power input shaft 31 is connected with a motor connecting gear 34, a meshing motor speed ratio gear 19 and a meshing motor gear 20 through the fourth clutch 14 to be connected with a rotor of a motor, the transmission speed ratio (Ne/Nr 0) of the engine and the compound gear train small gear ring 5 is determined, and the motor is connected with the compound gear train small gear ring (Nm/Nr 0) in parallel; the direction selectable clutch 21 locks the compound gear train sun gear 7, and the speed Ns1 is zero; the compound gear train large gear ring 9 drives a vehicle (Nr 1/No); the speed ratio (Nr 0/Nr 1) of the compound gear train small gear ring 5 and the compound gear train large gear ring 9 is obviously determined by the design parameters of the compound planetary gear train 28 when the speed of the sun gear 7 is zero; the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Ne/Nr 0), (Nr 0/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No); the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Nm/Nr 0), (Nr 0/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No); the engine and the motor are driven by parallel hybrid power, the motor torque control can realize parallel driving or power generation when the engine is driven, and the engine needs corresponding adjusting torque to keep the vehicle driving torque; the request for a change in torque of the vehicle can also be satisfied by a change in torque of the electric machine when the engine torque is constant.
Fixed mechanical ratio G2 gear: the second clutch 12 and the fifth clutch 15 are combined, the one-way clutch 21 can be selected for locking, the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, and the external power 30 engine drives the compound gear train planet carrier 8 through the fifth clutch 15 and the second clutch 12; the direction selectable clutch 21 locks the compound gear train sun gear 7, and the speed Ns1 is zero; the compound gear train large gear ring 9 drives a vehicle; the speed ratio of the compound gear train planet carrier 8 and the compound gear train large gear ring 9 (Nc1/Nr1), the speed ratio of the compound gear train small gear ring 5 and the compound gear train large gear ring 9 (Nr 0/Nr 1) is obviously determined by the design parameters of the compound gear train 28 when the speed of the sun gear 7 is zero; the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratio (Nc1/Nr1) and (Nr 1/No); the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Nm/Nr 0), (Nr 0/Nr 1), and (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical ratio G3 gear: the first clutch 11 is combined, the second clutch 12, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, and the engine external power 30 drives the compound gear train sun gear 7 through the first clutch 11; the rotor of the motor is connected with a motor gear 20, an external meshing motor speed ratio gear 19, an external meshing gear 5 and a compound gear train large gear ring 9 for driving a vehicle, when the speed of the motor controlled small gear ring is zero, only mechanical energy is transmitted, and the speed ratio (Ns 1/Nr1) of a compound gear train sun gear and the compound gear train large gear ring 9 is obvious; the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratio (Ns 1/Nr1), (Ns 1/Nr1) and (Nr 1/No) of the compound gear train sun gear and the compound gear train large ring gear 9.
Fixed mechanical ratio G4 gear: the third clutch and the fourth clutch are combined, the first clutch, the second clutch, the fifth clutch, the direction-selectable clutch and the brake are in a separated state, the large gear ring 9, the compound gear train small gear ring 5, the motor gear 20 and the compound gear train sun gear 7 of the compound planetary gear train 28 rotate together, the engine is connected with the motor connecting gear 34, the motor speed ratio gear 19 and the motor gear 20 through the fourth clutch 14, the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 0) is obvious, Nr1= Nr0, and therefore the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 0) and (Nr 1/No); the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power take-off shaft is obviously equal to the speed ratio (Nr 1/No).
Motor rotor 1, energy storage 2, torsion damper 3, compound gear train sun planet wheel 4, compound gear train small gear ring 5, compound gear train ring planet wheel 6, compound gear train sun wheel 7, compound gear train planet carrier 8, compound gear train large gear ring 9, compound gear train output gear 10, first clutch 11, second clutch 12, third clutch 13, fourth clutch 14, fifth clutch 15, simple gear train ring 16, simple gear train sun wheel 17, simple gear train planet carrier 18, motor speed ratio gear 19, motor gear 20, direction-selectable clutch 21, brake 22, reduction gear 23, reduction mechanism 24, output shaft 25, compound planet gear train 28, simple planet gear train 29, motor inverter 26, controller 27, external power 30, external power input shaft 31, present device 32, motor stator 33, motor connecting gear 34, box 35, Simple gear train planet wheel 36,
Fixed mechanical ratio G5 gear: the first clutch 11 and the third clutch 13 are combined, the second clutch 12, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, the large gear ring 9, the compound gear train small gear ring 5, the motor gear 20 and the compound gear train sun gear 7 of the compound planetary gear train 28 rotate together, the first clutch 11 is connected with the compound gear train sun gear 7 and the external power 30 of the engine, and therefore the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is equal to the speed ratio (Nr 1/No); the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power output shaft is equal to the speed ratio (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical ratio G6 gear: the fifth clutch, the direction-selectable clutch and the brake are combined, the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are in a separated state, the speed of the sun gear 7 of the compound gear train is zero, the speed ratio (Nc1/Nr1) of the planet carrier 8 of the compound gear train and the large ring gear 9 of the compound gear train can be obviously determined, the speed ratio (Nm/Nr 1) of the motor and the large ring gear 9 of the compound gear train is also obviously determined, the engine is connected with the simple gear train planet carrier 18 through the fifth clutch 15, the simple gear train sun gear 17 is connected with the planet carrier 8 of the compound gear train, the speed of the simple gear train ring gear 16 connected with the brake 22 is zero, and the speed ratio (Ne/Nc 1) of the engine and the compound gear train planet carrier 8 is obviously determined, so that the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is equal to the speed, The product of (Nr 1/No); the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power output shaft is equal to the product of the speed ratios (Nm/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical ratio G7 gear: the second clutch 12 and the fifth clutch 15 are combined, the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13, the fourth clutch 14, the selectable one-way clutch 21 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, the external power 30 engine drives the compound gear train planet carrier 8, the second clutch 12 is connected with the compound gear train planet carrier 8, the simple gear train solar energy 17 and the simple gear train planet carrier 18 to rotate at the same speed, and the fifth clutch 15 is connected with the external power 30 engine and the compound gear train planet carrier 8 to rotate at the same speed; the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 1) of the engine and the compound gear train big gear ring 9 is obvious when the speed of the motor connecting compound gear train small gear ring is controlled to be static, and the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical ratio G8 gear: the first clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are combined, the second clutch, the third clutch, the fourth clutch and the direction-selectable clutch are in a separated state, the engine is connected with the compound gear train sun planet gear 4 through the first clutch 11 and is connected with the simple gear train carrier 18 through the fifth clutch to rotate at the same speed, the simple gear train sun gear 17 is connected with the compound gear train carrier 8 to rotate at the same speed, the speed of the simple gear train ring gear 16 connected with the brake is zero, the speed ratio (Ne/Nc 1) of the engine and the compound gear train carrier 8 is obvious, the speed ratio (Nc1/Nr1) of the compound gear train carrier 8 and the compound gear train large ring gear 9 is obvious, the speed ratio (Nm/Nr 1) of the motor and the compound gear train large ring gear 9 is also obvious, and the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the speed ratios (Ne/Nr 1), (, And (Nr 1/No), the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power output shaft being the product of the speed ratios (Nm/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical ratio G9 gear: the third clutch, the fifth clutch and the brake are combined, the first clutch, the second clutch, the fourth clutch and the direction-selectable clutch are in a separated state, the large gear ring 9 of the compound planetary gear train 28, the compound gear train small gear ring 5, the motor gear 20 and the compound gear train sun gear 7 rotate together, the engine is connected with the simple gear train planet carrier 18 through the fifth clutch 15, the speed of the simple gear train ring gear 16 connected with the brake 22 is zero, the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 2) of the engine and the simple gear train sun gear 17 can be obviously determined, the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratio (Ne/Nr 2) and (Nr 1/No), and the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power output shaft is equal to (Nr 1/No).
Fixed mechanical ratio GR gear: the second clutch 12 and the fourth clutch 14 are combined, the brake 22 brakes, the first clutch 11, the third clutch 13, the fifth clutch 15 and the selectable one-way clutch 21 are in a separated or non-braking state, and the speed of the simple gear train gear ring 16 and the speed of the compound gear train planet carrier 8 are zero; the speed ratio (Nm/Nr 1) of the motor and the compound planetary gear train large ring gear 9 can be obviously determined, the engine external power input shaft 31 is connected with the motor connecting gear 34, the meshing motor speed ratio gear 19 and the meshing motor gear 20 through the fourth clutch 14 to be connected with the rotor of the motor, the transmission speed ratio (Ne/Nr 0) of the engine and the compound gear train small ring gear 5 can be obviously determined, and therefore the transmission speed ratio (Ne/No) of the engine and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Ne/Nr 0), (Nm/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No); the transmission speed ratio (Nm/No) of the motor and the power output shaft is the product of the speed ratios (Nm/Nr 1) and (Nr 1/No).
The gradient lock C3, the third clutch 13 is combined, the one-way clutch 21 can be selected to be locked, the first clutch 11, the second clutch 12, the fourth clutch 14, the fifth clutch 15 and the brake 22 are in a separated or non-braking state, and the large gear ring 9, the compound gear train small gear ring and external gear 5 and the compound gear train sun gear 7 of the compound planetary gear train 28 rotate together; the direction selectable clutch 21 locks the compound gear train sun gear 7 and the large gear ring 9 of the compound planetary gear train 28 at zero speed, so that the output shaft speed is zero and the vehicle is prevented from sliding.
In the above description of the invention, Ne represents the rotation speed of the engine (external power 30), No represents the rotation speed of the power take-off shaft 25, Nr0 represents the rotation speed of the compound train ring gear 5, and Nm represents the rotation speed of the motor rotor of the motor; ns1 represents the rotation speed of the compound-train sun gear 7, Nr1 represents the rotation speed of the compound-train large ring gear 9, Nc1 represents the rotation speed of the compound-train carrier 8, Nr2 represents the rotation speed of the simple-train ring gear 16, Nc2 represents the rotation speed of the simple-train carrier 18, and Ns2 represents the rotation speed of the simple-train sun gear 17.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that equivalent changes in the specific structure and the replacement of parts based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a hybrid transmission and electric drive device based on compound planetary gear train, includes motor, power output shaft and gearbox body, is connected with external power input shaft (31) by external power (30) drive on the gearbox body, characterized by: the direction-selectable clutch (21) and the brake (22) are fixedly connected to the gearbox body, and the direction-selectable clutch (21) and the brake (22) are respectively and rotationally connected to the external power input shaft (31);
a compound planetary gear train and a simple planetary gear train are arranged in the gearbox body;
the compound planetary gear train comprises a compound gear train planet carrier (8), a sun planetary gear (4), a compound gear train small gear ring (5), an outer gear (20), a compound gear train sun gear (7), a compound gear train ring planetary gear (6), a compound gear train large gear ring (9) and a compound gear train output gear (10), the brake end of a direction-selectable clutch (21) can be connected with the compound gear train sun gear (7), connected with the compound gear train planet carrier (8) through a third clutch (13) and connected with a first clutch (11), the sun planetary gear (4) and the compound gear train ring planetary gear (6) are connected on the compound gear train planet carrier (8), the sun planetary gear (4) is respectively engaged with the compound gear train sun gear (7), the compound gear train small gear ring (5) and the gear ring, the compound gear train large gear train (9) is engaged with the compound gear train planetary gear ring (6), And is connected with a compound gear train output gear (10), and the compound gear train output gear (10) drives a power output shaft to rotate through a speed reducing mechanism;
the simple planetary gear train comprises a simple gear train planet carrier (18), a simple gear train sun gear (17) and a simple gear train gear ring (16), the brake (22) can brake the simple gear train gear ring (16), the simple gear train planet carrier (18) is connected with an external power input shaft (31) through a fifth clutch (15), the simple gear train planet carrier (18) is connected with a composite gear train planet carrier (8) through a second clutch (12), and the simple gear train sun gear (17) is meshed with a small planetary gear (36) on the simple gear train planet carrier (18) and is simultaneously connected with the composite gear train planet carrier (8);
the external power input shaft (31) is connected with an electric speed change mechanism through a fourth clutch (14), the electric speed change mechanism is driven by the power of a motor, and the electric speed change mechanism is in power connection with a small gear ring (5) of the compound gear train through a linkage device;
the direction-selectable clutch (21), the brake (22), the first clutch (11), the second clutch (12), the third clutch (13), the fourth clutch (14) and the fifth clutch (15) are all controlled by a controller (27).
2. A hybrid planetary gear train-based hybrid power transmission and electric drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electric speed change mechanism comprises a motor connecting gear (34) connected to the external power input shaft (31) through a fourth clutch (14), the motor connecting gear (34) is meshed with a motor speed ratio gear (19), a motor rotor (1) of the motor is connected with a motor gear (20), and the motor gear (20) is meshed with the motor speed ratio gear (19).
3. A hybrid planetary gear train-based hybrid power transmission and electric drive as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the linkage device comprises a motor gear (20), wherein the motor gear (20) is connected with a compound gear train small gear ring (5) and is meshed with one end gear connected with a motor speed ratio gear (19).
4. A hybrid planetary gear train-based hybrid power transmission and electric drive as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electric speed change mechanism comprises a motor connecting gear (34) connected onto an external power input shaft (31) through a fourth clutch (14), a linkage shaft is arranged in a gearbox body, a motor speed ratio gear (19) meshed with the motor connecting gear (34) is connected onto the linkage shaft, the linkage device comprises a linkage gear, a motor rotor (1) of the motor is connected with an outer gear (5) through a power shaft, and the outer gear is in power connection with the motor speed ratio gear (19) through the linkage gear.
5. A hybrid planetary gear train-based hybrid power transmission and electric drive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the external power input shaft (31) is in power connection with the external power (30) through the torsional damper (3).
6. A hybrid planetary gear train-based hybrid power transmission and electric drive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: a motor stator (33) of the motor is connected with a motor inverter (26), and the motor inverter is connected with a controller (27) through an electric signal; the controller (27) and the motor inverter (26) are electrically connected to an external energy store (2).
7. A vehicle equipped with a compound planetary gear train based electric drive and hybrid transmission as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
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CN112406508B (en) * 2020-10-29 2023-08-08 东风汽车集团有限公司 Hybrid power driving method and device, power system, vehicle and related equipment
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