CN111451494A - 3D model printing compaction method - Google Patents
3D model printing compaction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111451494A CN111451494A CN202010302449.9A CN202010302449A CN111451494A CN 111451494 A CN111451494 A CN 111451494A CN 202010302449 A CN202010302449 A CN 202010302449A CN 111451494 A CN111451494 A CN 111451494A
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- printing
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- degreasing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
- B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/02—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/02—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume
- G01N2009/022—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume of solids
- G01N2009/026—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume of solids the volume being determined by amount of fluid displaced
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D model printing compacting method, which comprises the steps of pressure compacting, density detection and degreasing sintering treatment, wherein prefabricated metal 3D printing workpieces with different densities are placed into a degreasing furnace for degreasing treatment to obtain a green body, and the green body is sintered; data acquisition, namely counting the processing data of the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpieces with different densities in the degreasing and sintering process to generate a record table; and selecting adaptive parameters, and drawing up preparation parameters of the target metal 3D printed workpiece according to the record table and the performance requirements of the target metal 3D printed workpiece. The invention solves the technical problems that the formed model inevitably has gaps due to the fact that the forming mode of the existing metal 3D printing method is generally layer-by-layer accumulation, the density cannot be continuously improved through parameter improvement, and the operation is complex, so that the density of a workpiece formed by printing and sintering cannot reach the density of a casting part made of the same metal material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a 3D model printing compaction method.
Background
In the field of metal 3D printing, FDM (fused deposition) printing technology is widely used. According to the technology, a printing wire formed by extruding and molding metal powder mixed with a high polymer binder is heated to a molten state through a printing nozzle and then is stacked layer by layer to form a model, most of high polymer materials are removed through a cracking reaction catalyzed by acid to obtain a degreased blank, and finally the degreased blank is sintered at a high temperature to obtain a metal part.
In the 3D metal printing process, the forming mode is layer-by-layer accumulation, and the printing raw material is a wire, so gaps inevitably appear between lines and between layers, and the density of a workpiece finally sintered and formed cannot reach the density of a compact casting piece made of the same metal material under most conditions. It is also difficult to obtain satisfactory mechanical properties at lower densities than castings. There is also much attention paid to this problem in the prior art, which chooses to improve the print settings in order to achieve the goal of increasing the density of the printed model. The specific method is to improve the printing flow, reduce the printing line spacing and the layer spacing, improve the slicing mode, improve the printing filling rate and the like.
The prior art finds the following limitations in use. First, improving print parameters does not continue to increase model density. There is an upper limit to the degree to which the density of the model is increased by this method, limited to the material itself and the printing equipment capabilities; secondly, the improved printing parameters can only be tested repeatedly for many times, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed; third, frequent changes in printing parameters or extreme printing can reduce the stability of the printing device; finally, improving the density of the printing model by improving the printing parameters has higher complexity, and the model density is simultaneously related to a plurality of parameters, so that the concise and direct result which can be stably controlled is difficult to obtain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a 3D model printing compaction method, which aims to solve the technical problems that a formed model inevitably has gaps due to the fact that the forming mode of the existing metal 3D printing method is generally layer-by-layer accumulation, the density cannot be continuously improved through parameter improvement, and the operation is complex, so that a workpiece formed by printing and sintering cannot reach the density of a casting piece made of the same metal material.
In order to achieve the above object, a 3D model printing compaction method is provided.
According to the 3D model printing compaction method, the steps of the method comprise:
compacting pressure, namely placing the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpiece into a pressure container for pressure treatment;
density detection, namely performing density detection and density data information acquisition and recording on the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpiece subjected to pressure treatment;
degreasing and sintering, namely placing the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpieces with different densities into a degreasing furnace for degreasing to obtain a green body, and sintering the green body;
data acquisition, namely counting the processing data of the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpieces with different densities in the degreasing and sintering process to generate a record table;
and selecting adaptive parameters, and drawing up preparation parameters of the target metal 3D printed workpiece according to the record table and the performance requirements of the target metal 3D printed workpiece.
Further, the pressure treatment in the pressure compacting step includes a pressurization process, a pressure maintaining process and a pressure relief process.
Further, in the pressure compacting step, the pressure vessel is provided with a pressure maintaining medium, and the pressure maintaining medium is at least any one of gas, water and/or oil.
Furthermore, the density detection uses a test method which is a volume displacement method, and the density test is completed by operating a densitometer and data is recorded.
Further, the displacement volume method is tested using a method comprising at least one of water, kerosene, and/or alcohol.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method for processing the printing model by using the pressure container to enhance the mechanical properties of the printing model and the subsequent sintered workpiece by changing the operating pressure to densely print the workpiece tool and improve the operating steps is adopted, so that the detection method for determining the working condition of the pressure container by testing the mechanical properties of the processed model is achieved, the purposes of determining the experimental repetition degree and reducing the acquisition complexity of data related to the density of the model through the parameter relation of the metal 3D printing workpiece are reduced, the technical effects of preparing the parameters of the metal 3D printing workpiece and enabling the structure of the prepared metal 3D printing workpiece to be more compact are achieved, the problems that the formed model is inevitably gapped and the density cannot be continuously improved through parameter improvement due to the fact that the forming mode of the existing metal 3D printing method is generally stacked layer by layer are solved, and the operation is complex, so that the printed and sintered workpiece can not reach the density of the same metal material casting.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step based on the embodiments in the present application, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the present application are described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like, indicate an orientation or positional relationship. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," and "sleeved" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the 3D metal printing process, the forming mode is layer-by-layer accumulation, and the printing raw material is a wire, so gaps inevitably appear between lines and between layers, and the density of a workpiece finally sintered and formed cannot reach the density of a compact casting piece made of the same metal material under most conditions. It is also difficult to obtain satisfactory mechanical properties at lower densities than castings. There is also much attention paid to this problem in the prior art, which chooses to improve the print settings in order to achieve the goal of increasing the density of the printed model. The specific method is to improve the printing flow, reduce the printing line spacing and the layer spacing, improve the slicing mode, improve the printing filling rate and the like.
Usually, technicians often put eyes on the aspect of testing parameters in specific intervals, and found through practical operation in daily life, the prior art finds that the following limitations exist in the using process,
1. the density of the printed workpiece cannot be effectively improved to a large extent;
2. the optimization process for improving the printing progress is slow and high in cost;
3. the problem of printing equipment stability brought by the prior art;
4. the low operability of the existing improved methods.
Based on the technical problem, the invention provides a 3D model printing compaction method, and the operation steps of the 3D model printing compaction method comprise:
compacting pressure, namely placing the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpiece into a pressure container for pressure treatment;
density detection, namely performing density detection and density data information acquisition and recording on the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpiece subjected to pressure treatment;
degreasing and sintering, namely placing the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpieces with different densities into a degreasing furnace for degreasing to obtain a green body, and sintering the green body;
data acquisition, namely counting the processing data of the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpieces with different densities in the degreasing and sintering process to generate a record table;
and selecting adaptive parameters, and drawing up preparation parameters of the target metal 3D printed workpiece according to the record table and the performance requirements of the target metal 3D printed workpiece.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the pressure treatment in the pressure densification step includes a pressurization process, a pressure holding process, and a pressure relief process. The pressure container can be any existing pressure container which can meet the requirement of applying pressure to a metal 3D printing model, and the pressurization process, the pressure maintaining process and the pressure relief process can refer to the related technology related to pressure control in the prior art; the technical means is not an improvement point of the invention, but one of the components of the technical scheme of the invention. According to the invention, the pressure is applied to the metal 3D printing model by adopting the pressure container so as to achieve the technical effect of compacting the metal 3D printing model. The degree of compaction of the metal 3D model workpiece formed by fusion deposition is superior to that of the conventional metal 3D printing model, and the method has remarkable progress.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, in the pressure densification step, the pressure vessel is provided with a pressure maintaining medium, which is at least any one of gas, water and/or oil. In a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the pressure vessel is subjected to a high pressure treatment using a medium including, but not limited to, argon, nitrogen, air, water, hydraulic oil, etc.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the density test is performed by a volume displacement method using at least one of water, kerosene and/or alcohol, and the density test is performed by operating a densitometer and recording data.
In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the printing model is subjected to pressure holding treatment by using a high-pressure container to improve the strength of the printing model; the improvement point is the basis for realizing the improvement of the mechanical property of the model; the pressure vessel uses as a pressure medium, including but not limited to argon, nitrogen, air, water, hydraulic oil, and the like; the improvement point is a way to achieve density increase; determining the working condition of the pressure container through the density of the test model; the improved point is a detection means for ensuring the effective implementation of the method; determining the pressure maintaining time and pressure to reach the expected effect; the improvement point is the process of optimizing the method; adjusting the degreasing sintering process by the final workpiece density to adapt to the increased pressure maintaining process; the improvement is a method for obtaining optimum workpiece performance.
The invention application comprises the following specific processes related to various improvement points:
1. placing the printed workpiece into a special pressure maintaining device, wherein substances including but not limited to gas, water, oil and the like are used as pressure maintaining media by the pressure maintaining device;
2. a specific process is used as a pressure maintaining process to perform a pressure maintaining treatment process, and the process comprises a pressurization process, a pressure maintaining process, a pressure relief process and the like;
3. taking out the workpiece after pressure maintaining is finished, and carrying out density detection on the workpiece, wherein the used test method is a volume discharge method for operating a densimeter to finish density test and recording data, and the volume discharge method adopts media comprising water, kerosene, alcohol and the like to carry out test;
4. repeating the test for many times, and counting the influence of different pressure maintaining process parameters including pressure maintaining pressure (10-150MPa), pressure maintaining time (0.5-4hr) and the like on the density of the workpiece;
5. carrying out degreasing treatment on workpieces with different densities in a degreasing furnace;
6. carrying out sintering treatment on green bodies obtained after degreasing workpieces with different densities;
7. testing the density of the workpiece obtained by sintering by using the row volume method and recording data;
8. meanwhile, the influence of the pressure maintaining process and the degreasing sintering process is considered, and the optimal adaptive pressure maintaining and degreasing sintering process is obtained.
The key technical points of the invention application comprise the following points:
1. a method for processing a printing model by using a pressure container to enhance the mechanical properties of the printing model and a subsequent sintering workpiece is provided;
2. a method of subjecting the pressure vessel to high-pressure treatment using a medium including, but not limited to, argon, nitrogen, air, water, hydraulic oil, etc.;
3. the detection method for determining the working condition of the pressure container by testing the mechanical property of the processed model is provided;
4. a method for improving the pressure maintaining treatment effect by changing the pressure maintaining time is provided;
5. a method for improving the degreasing sintering process to adapt to the increased pressure maintaining treatment process so as to obtain the optimal mechanical property of the workpiece is provided.
In the embodiment of the invention, the method for processing the printing model by using the pressure container to enhance the mechanical properties of the printing model and the subsequent sintered workpiece by changing the operating pressure to densely print the workpiece tool and improve the operating steps is adopted, so that the detection method for determining the working condition of the pressure container by testing the mechanical properties of the processed model is achieved, the purposes of determining the experimental repetition degree and reducing the acquisition complexity of data related to the density of the model through the parameter relation of the metal 3D printing workpiece are reduced, the technical effects of preparing the parameters of the metal 3D printing workpiece and enabling the structure of the prepared metal 3D printing workpiece to be more compact are achieved, the problems that the formed model is inevitably gapped and the density cannot be continuously improved through parameter improvement due to the fact that the forming mode of the existing metal 3D printing method is generally stacked layer by layer are solved, and the operation is complex, so that the printed and sintered workpiece can not reach the density of the same metal material casting.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. A3D model printing compaction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
compacting pressure, namely placing the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpiece into a pressure container for pressure treatment;
density detection, namely performing density detection and density data information acquisition and recording on the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpiece subjected to pressure treatment;
degreasing and sintering, namely placing the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpieces with different densities into a degreasing furnace for degreasing to obtain a green body, and sintering the green body;
data acquisition, namely counting the processing data of the prefabricated metal 3D printing workpieces with different densities in the degreasing and sintering process to generate a record table;
and selecting adaptive parameters, and drawing up preparation parameters of the target metal 3D printed workpiece according to the record table and the performance requirements of the target metal 3D printed workpiece.
2. The 3D model print compaction method of claim 1, wherein the pressure processing in the pressure compaction step comprises a pressurization process, a dwell process and a pressure relief process.
3. The 3D model print compaction method of claim 1, wherein in the pressure compaction step, the pressure vessel is provided with a packing medium, the packing medium being at least any one of gas, water and/or oil.
4. The 3D model printing compaction method of claim 1, wherein the density detection uses a test method which is a volume displacement method, and the density test is completed by operating a densitometer and data is recorded.
5. The 3D model print compaction method of claim 4, wherein the volume displacement method is tested with at least one of the group consisting of water, kerosene and/or alcohol.
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| CN202010302449.9A CN111451494A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | 3D model printing compaction method |
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| CN202010302449.9A CN111451494A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | 3D model printing compaction method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116727665A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 山西康腾威机械制造有限公司 | Automatic alloy manufacturing system |
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Application publication date: 20200728 |