CN111447142B - Parallel multi-path transmission method based on Overlay network and coding technology - Google Patents
Parallel multi-path transmission method based on Overlay network and coding technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111447142B CN111447142B CN202010268639.3A CN202010268639A CN111447142B CN 111447142 B CN111447142 B CN 111447142B CN 202010268639 A CN202010268639 A CN 202010268639A CN 111447142 B CN111447142 B CN 111447142B
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
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- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/24—Multipath
Abstract
The invention provides a parallel multi-path transmission method based on an Overlay network and an encoding technology, and relates to the technical field of data networks. A source gateway node intercepts a network layer message and modifies a destination address of the three-layer data message into an intermediate node address of an overlay network according to a destination address of the message; and the real destination address of the data message is hidden in the TCP Option field. Meanwhile, the source gateway node encodes the TCP load of the intercepted data message by using an erasable code, and the data transmitted in the overlay network is the encoded data. After receiving the data, the intermediate node of the overlay network inquires the customized routing table, and continuously modifies the destination address of the data message of the three layers into the next hop node and continuously forwards the data message. After receiving the three-layer data message, the destination gateway firstly performs TCP load decoding, then takes out the destination address in the TCP Option field, modifies the destination address of the three-layer data message and sends the modified destination address to the destination communication node. The method can realize transparent and highly reliable parallel multi-path transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of data networks, in particular to a parallel multi-path transmission method based on an Overlay network and an encoding technology.
Background
Although the internet communication technology has been developed with much attention, it also satisfies the diverse demands of users on the internet. However, in a special scenario, the throughput and reliability of network communication still cannot meet the actual requirements. For example, in the spring festival of 2020, new coronavirus epidemic situations are developed in China and even all over the world. Various schools in the country adopt an online teaching mode for realizing 'no stopping of class and no stopping of learning' in response to the call. A large number of online live courses at the same time in online teaching provide severe challenges for the throughput and reliability of the network; and the user experience is poor due to the frequent occurrence of jamming and the like in the live course. Therefore, how to utilize the existing infrastructure to improve the reliability and throughput of the network by parallel multipath transmission without affecting the terminal node becomes an important issue.
The existing multipath transmission technology comprises technologies such as MPTCP, SCTP, CMT-SCTP and the like. By taking MPTCP as an example, the technology realizes parallel multi-path transmission through a multi-network card interface of a communication node, and effectively improves the end-to-end communication performance. The disadvantage is that MPTCP requires the terminal node to have heterogeneous network card resources (such as WLAN and wired etc.) and both communication parties to support MPTCP protocol. The SCTP protocol proposed in 2000 has the advantages of both TCP and UDP, and can realize the parallel transmission of multiple data streams between nodes. But the STCP protocol requires support of the protocol stack and better adaptation of upper layer applications. Patent application document of hua cheng technology limited, "a method, apparatus and system for implementing multipath transmission" (publication No. CN101047633A, application No. 200610080568.4, application date 2006.6.17) discloses a method, apparatus and system for multipath transmission depending on the relationship between the priority of a message and a transmission path. The patent requires special processing of the terminal nodes and has no transparency. In general, the prior art is based on the terminal node performing multipath communication transmission, or requiring dedicated equipment, or requiring modification of a protocol stack, or requiring support of an application. These conditions present challenges to the practical deployment and deployment of multipath.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a parallel multi-path transmission method based on an Overlay network and an encoding technology to realize network traffic diversion and reduce congestion.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the parallel multi-path transmission method based on the Overlay network and the coding technology comprises the following steps:
step 1, a gateway node of a network where a source communication node is located intercepts three layers of data messages sent to a foreign network, and after processing, the three layers of data messages are distributed to an overlay network node in a multipath manner;
the gateway node of the network in which the source communication node is located comprises three modules: the system comprises a transceiving module, a coding module and a scheduling module; three layers to be intercepted by the transceiver moduleThe data packet is put into a buffer queue for coding and sending; the coding module is responsible for coding the three-layer data packet loads with the same source and destination addresses in an erasable code mode; the erasable code is M data packets (M)1,M2,…,Mm) Is coded into n>m number of data packets (E)1,E2,…,En) (ii) a The scheduling module selects the data after the multi-path distribution coding according to the destination address, SLA and the customized routing table of the data packet, and the data volume distributed by each path is adjusted according to a scheduling protocol;
step 1.1, a gateway node of a network where a source communication node is located intercepts and captures three layers of data packets sent to a foreign network from a source and stores the three layers of data packets into a cache queue of the source gateway node;
step 1.2, m data packets with the same destination address are taken out from a cache queue of a source gateway node, erasable coding is carried out on three-layer data loads of the data packets, n new data packets are formed, and n > m;
step 1.3, searching a customized routing table, modifying the destination addresses of n new data packets into the addresses of the overlay network intermediate nodes of the next hop according to a scheduling algorithm, and hiding the real destination addresses of the data packets in a TCP Option field;
the scheduling algorithm includes, but is not limited to, the following four:
(1) and (3) random scheduling: randomly selecting one from the next hop IP address list as a next hop forwarding address;
(2) scheduling based on queue length: setting a counter for each next hop address, wherein the counter is used for counting the number of data packets forwarded to the next hop within nearly 1 s; selecting an IP address with the minimum count from a next hop address list as a next hop forwarding address;
(3) scheduling based on throughput rate: setting a variable for each next hop address, wherein the variable is used for counting the ratio of sending data packets in nearly 1 s; selecting an IP address with the minimum ratio from a next hop address list as a next hop forwarding address;
(4) scheduling based on efficiency: sending a probe packet aiming at each next hop address, acquiring the round trip time of the next hop address, and selecting an IP address with the shortest round trip time as a next hop forwarding address;
the customized routing list is deployed at a source gateway node, a destination gateway node and an intermediate node of an overlay network and is used for parallel routing and forwarding of three-layer data messages among the nodes; the customized routing table comprises a communication real destination IP address list and a forwarding next hop destination address list; routing table entries are ultimately determined to be made by an administrator deployment assignment of the network, or negotiated through existing OSPF protocols;
step 1.4, routing the data packet processed in the step 1.3 to an intermediate node of an overlay network;
step 2, after the processed data packet message reaches the intermediate node of the overlay network, the intermediate node forwards the data packet message to other intermediate nodes or destination gateway nodes of the overlay network according to the customized routing table;
the middle node of the overlay network consists of three or more layers of equipment and is responsible for routing and forwarding data packets and finally routing the data packets to a gateway node of a network where a target communication node is located;
step 2.1, the intermediate node of the overlay network acquires the processed data packet from the network layer, deconstructs the data packet and acquires a destination address in a TCP Option field;
step 2.2, inquiring the customized routing table to obtain the next hop address of the data packet;
step 2.3, reconstructing a three-layer data packet header, writing a destination address into a next hop address, and sending the next hop address to other intermediate nodes or destination gateway nodes of the overlay network; if the intermediate node is sent to other intermediate nodes of the overlay network, the intermediate node continues forwarding according to the customized routing table, and if the intermediate node is sent to the target gateway node, the step 3 is executed;
and 3, after receiving the data message, the destination gateway node decodes and reconstructs the data message and distributes the data message to a destination communication node of a destination network.
Step 3.1: the destination gateway node acquires a three-layer data message in a network layer and stores the three-layer data message in a cache queue of the destination gateway node;
step 3.2: m data packets in the same group with the same source address and destination address are taken out from a cache queue of a destination gateway node, and the three-layer data load of the data packets is decoded to obtain m original data packets;
step 3.3: taking out the destination addresses in the TCP Option fields in the m original data packets, writing the destination addresses into the destination address field of the IP header for reconstruction;
step 3.4: and sending the decoded and reconstructed three-layer data packet to a network where the destination communication node is located, wherein the data packet is finally routed to the destination communication node.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: the invention provides a parallel multi-path transmission method based on an Overlay network and an encoding technology, which (1) does not need the support of a terminal node, namely the method is transparent to the terminal node; on the premise of transparency, the multi-path transmission improves the efficiency of network communication; (2) by using the erasable codes, the robustness of the network is improved, namely, a small amount of packet loss does not need to be solved through retransmission; on the other hand, as the communication transmission is the coding load, the side surface also increases the communication safety; (3) the source end gateway node can optimize the use of network resources through a real-time scheduling algorithm, so that the network resources are efficiently and fully utilized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network structure for data transmission by a parallel multi-path transmission method based on an Overlay network and a coding technique according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a data processing flow chart of a source gateway node according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a data processing flow chart of an overlay network intermediate node according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a data processing flow chart of a destination gateway node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In this embodiment, taking the network structure shown in fig. 1 as an example, the parallel multipath transmission method based on the Overlay network and the coding technology of the present invention is used to transmit data in parallel in the network.
In this embodiment, the parallel multi-path transmission method based on the Overlay network and the coding technology includes the following steps:
step 1, a gateway node of a network where a source communication node is located intercepts three-layer data messages sent to a foreign network, and after the three-layer data messages are processed, the three-layer data messages are distributed to overlay network nodes in a multipath manner, as shown in fig. 2;
the gateway node of the network in which the source communication node is located comprises three modules: the system comprises a transceiving module, a coding module and a scheduling module; the transceiver module puts the three layers of intercepted data packets into a buffer queue for coding and sending; the coding module is responsible for coding the three-layer data packet loads with the same source and destination addresses in an erasable code mode; the erasable code is M data packets (M)1,M2,…,Mm) Is coded into n>m number of data packets (E)1,E2,…,En) (ii) a In this embodiment, Reed-Solomon codes in the erasure codes are taken as an example for coding, but the coding is not limited to Reed-Solomon codes, and other erasure codes such as fountain codes and LRC codes may also be used. The scheduling module selects the data after the multi-path distribution coding according to the destination address, SLA and the customized routing table of the data packet, and the data volume distributed by each path is adjusted according to a scheduling protocol;
step 1.1, a gateway node of a network where a source communication node is located intercepts and captures three layers of data packets sent to a foreign network from a source and stores the three layers of data packets into a cache queue of the source gateway node;
step 1.2, m data packets with the same destination address are taken out from a cache queue of a source gateway node, erasable coding is carried out on three-layer data loads of the data packets, n new data packets are formed, and n > m;
step 1.3, searching a customized routing table, modifying the destination addresses of n new data packets into the addresses of the overlay network intermediate nodes of the next hop according to a scheduling algorithm, and hiding the real destination addresses of the data packets in a TCP Option field;
the scheduling algorithm includes, but is not limited to, the following four:
(1) and (3) random scheduling: randomly selecting one from the next hop IP address list as a next hop forwarding address;
(2) scheduling based on queue length: setting a counter for each next hop address, wherein the counter is used for counting the number of data packets forwarded to the next hop within nearly 1 s; selecting an IP address with the minimum count from a next hop address list as a next hop forwarding address;
(3) scheduling based on throughput rate: setting a variable for each next hop address, wherein the variable is used for counting the ratio of sending data packets in nearly 1 s; selecting an IP address with the minimum ratio from a next hop address list as a next hop forwarding address;
(4) scheduling based on efficiency: sending a probe packet aiming at each next hop address, acquiring the round trip time of the next hop address, and selecting an IP address with the shortest round trip time as a next hop forwarding address;
the customized routing table is deployed in a source gateway, a destination gateway and an overlay network and is used for parallel routing and forwarding of three-layer data messages among the nodes; the customized routing table comprises a communication real destination IP address list and a forwarding next hop destination address list; routing table entries are ultimately determined to be made by an administrator deployment assignment of the network, or negotiated through existing OSPF protocols;
step 1.4, routing the data packet processed in the step 1.3 to an intermediate node of an overlay network;
step 2, after the processed data packet message reaches the intermediate node of the overlay network, the intermediate node forwards the data packet message to other intermediate nodes or destination gateway nodes of the overlay network according to the customized routing table, as shown in fig. 3;
the middle node of the overlay network is constructed by any equipment with three or more layers and is responsible for routing and forwarding data packets and finally routing the data packets to a gateway node of a network where a target communication node is located;
step 2.1, the intermediate node of the overlay network acquires the processed data packet from the network layer, deconstructs the data packet and acquires a destination address in a TCP Option field;
step 2.2, inquiring the customized routing table to obtain the next hop address of the data packet;
step 2.3, reconstructing a three-layer data packet header, writing a destination address into a next hop address, and sending the next hop address to other intermediate nodes or destination gateway nodes of the overlay network; if the intermediate node is sent to other intermediate nodes of the overlay network, the intermediate node continues forwarding according to the customized routing table, and if the intermediate node is sent to the target gateway node, the step 3 is executed;
and step 3, after receiving the data message, the destination gateway node decodes and reconstructs the data message and distributes the data message to a destination communication node of a destination network, as shown in fig. 4.
Step 3.1: the destination gateway node acquires a three-layer data message in a network layer and stores the three-layer data message in a cache queue of the destination gateway node;
step 3.2: m data packets in the same group with the same source address and destination address are taken out from a cache queue of a destination gateway node, and the three-layer data load of the data packets is decoded to obtain m original data packets;
step 3.3: taking out the destination addresses in the TCP Option fields in the m original data packets, writing the destination addresses into the destination address field of the IP header for reconstruction;
step 3.4: and sending the decoded and reconstructed three-layer data packet to a network where the destination communication node is located, wherein the data packet is finally routed to the destination communication node.
The network structure in this embodiment includes a source communication node, a source gateway node, an intermediate node of an overlay network, a destination gateway node, and a destination communication node. The source communication node and the destination communication node are both common communication nodes in the network; the source gateway node and the destination gateway node are provided with the functions of a customized routing table, a transceiving module, a coding and decoding module, a scheduling module and the like in the method. The intermediate node of the overlay network is only required to be equipment with more than three layers, and the forwarding module in the invention needs to be deployed. The parallel multipath in the present invention is a multipath concentrated between a source gateway and a destination gateway. In addition, the data processing of the invention is mainly positioned between TCP/IP layers, namely IP data and TCP data content can be simultaneously processed.
In this embodiment, a source communication node sends data to a destination communication node, and a three-layer data packet of the data passes through the following modules and flows in a network: the three-layer data packets are intercepted by the source gateway node and stored in the cache queue of the source gateway node. And then, the coding module carries out erasable code coding, searches for a customized routing table and is processed by a scheduling module, and the routing table and the scheduling module are sent to the overlay network. At this time, the real destination address of the three-layer packet is already hidden in the TCP Option field. After routing to the intermediate node of the overlay network, the intermediate node searches the customized routing table according to the real destination address, modifies the destination address of the IP header of the data packet, and continues routing the data packet. Until the data packet reaches the gateway node of the network where the destination communication node is located. After obtaining the data packet, the destination gateway node is placed in a buffer queue of the destination gateway node; after a certain amount of data messages are acquired, acquiring the original three-layer data packet load through a decoding module; in addition, the destination address of the IP packet header is modified into a real destination address. And recovering the original real data packet. The packet will continue to be routed to the destination communication node.
The flow does not need participation of both communication parties, and realizes that the existing TCP/IP protocol stack is not needed to be modified and supported by a communication end node, thereby realizing the transparency of the concurrent multipath to the terminal. In addition, the overlay network may or may not be a new customized device, served by a node in the existing internet. Finally, the method of the present invention operates between the network layer and the transport layer, i.e. both network layer information of the data packet needs to be obtained and data packet transmission information needs to be obtained.
In the process, the customized routing table is deployed at a source gateway node, a destination gateway node and an intermediate node of an overlay network and used for parallel routing and forwarding of three-layer data packet messages among the nodes. The customized routing table format is shown in table one below, where the forwarding next hop destination address list is an IP address list, i.e., one forwarding address can be selected from a plurality of next hop addresses. The determination of the routing table entry purpose is informed of the assignment establishment by the administrator of the network, and may also be negotiated through the existing OSPF protocol and the like. The present embodiment configures it by a static method.
Table 1 customized routing table
| Real destination IP address of communication | Forwarding next hop destination address |
| 106.57.57.70 | 118.25.141.123 |
| 106.57.57.70 | 212.64.19.252 |
| … | … |
The coding and decoding module mainly adopts erasable codes to code and decode the loads of the three data packets. The encoding process is as follows: vector M of M packets (M ═ M)1,M2,…,Mm) Wherein the size of each packet is made equal by padding. Adopting a coding coefficient matrix A, and multiplying the coding coefficient matrix A by a vector M to obtain a coded vector E, wherein the coded vector E is shown in the following formula:
any m row vectors in the coding coefficient matrix a are required to be thread-independent, that is, a pseudo matrix exists in any matrix formed by m row vectors. The decoding process is to select any M data packets from E, and then multiply the corresponding inverse matrix to obtain the original data (M)1,M2,…,Mm). Coding hereAnd the coefficient matrix A and the inverse matrix cluster thereof are calculated and stored in the source gateway node and the destination gateway node for direct calculation. In addition, the group number and intra-group sequence number need to be recorded and marked in TCP Option.
The scheduling module is mainly deployed in the source gateway, and the network resources are optimally utilized through a scheduling algorithm by fully considering the transmission characteristics and real-time scheduling of the network. Scheduling of a certain three-layer packet occurs on condition that its next hop has multiple IP addresses.
A transceiver module of a source gateway mainly intercepts a data packet sent by a source communication node to an external network, and places three layers of data packets into a cache queue of the source gateway; meanwhile, the sending thread takes out the data from the cache queue, and the data is delivered to a data coding module and a scheduling module for processing, the destination address of the original data packet is stored in the TCP Option, and the destination address is the address given by the scheduling module. And finally, sending the data packet to a network. The receiving and transmitting module of the destination gateway has similar function with the module of the source gateway, and the operation is transmitted, namely, the address in the TCP Option is taken out and placed into the destination address of the IP packet header, and then the original data packet is recovered and transmitted to the network.
The forwarding modules of the intermediate nodes of the overlay network are mainly used for routing data packets. Specifically, after receiving the IP packet, the customized routing table is searched according to the destination address of the TCP Option, and the next hop destination address is selected as the destination address of the IP packet, and then the IP packet is sent to the network for further transmission.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A parallel multi-path transmission method based on an Overlay network and a coding technology is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, a gateway node of a network where a source communication node is located intercepts three layers of data messages sent to a foreign network, and after processing, the three layers of data messages are distributed to an overlay network node in a multipath manner;
step 2, after the processed data packet message reaches the intermediate node of the overlay network, the intermediate node forwards the data packet message to other intermediate nodes or destination gateway nodes of the overlay network according to the customized routing table;
the customized routing list is deployed at a source gateway node, a destination gateway node and an intermediate node of an overlay network and is used for parallel routing and forwarding of three-layer data messages among the nodes; the customized routing table comprises a communication real destination IP address list and a forwarding next hop destination address list; routing table entries are ultimately determined to be made by an administrator deployment assignment of the network, or negotiated through existing OSPF protocols;
step 3, after receiving the data message, the destination gateway node decodes and reconstructs the data message and distributes the data message to a destination communication node of a destination network;
the specific method of the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, a gateway node of a network where a source communication node is located intercepts and captures three layers of data packets sent to a foreign network from a source and stores the three layers of data packets into a cache queue of the source gateway node;
step 1.2, m data packets with the same destination address are taken out from a cache queue of a source gateway node, three-layer data loads of the data packets are subjected to erasable coding to form n new data packets, and n is greater than m;
step 1.3, searching a customized routing table, modifying the destination addresses of n new data packets into the addresses of the overlay network intermediate nodes of the next hop according to a scheduling algorithm, and hiding the real destination addresses of the data packets in a TCP Option field;
step 1.4, routing the data packet processed in the step 1.3 to an intermediate node of an overlay network;
the specific method of the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, the intermediate node of the overlay network acquires the processed data packet from the network layer, deconstructs the data packet and acquires a destination address in a TCP Option field;
step 2.2, inquiring the customized routing table to obtain the next hop address of the data packet;
step 2.3, reconstructing a three-layer data packet header, writing a destination address into a next hop address, and sending the next hop address to other intermediate nodes or destination gateway nodes of the overlay network; if the intermediate node is sent to other intermediate nodes of the overlay network, the intermediate node continues forwarding according to the customized routing table, and if the intermediate node is sent to the destination gateway node, the step 3 is executed.
2. The Overlay network and coding technology based parallel multi-path transmission method of claim 1, wherein: the gateway node of the network in which the source communication node is located comprises three modules: the system comprises a transceiving module, a coding module and a scheduling module; the transceiver module puts the three layers of intercepted data packets into a buffer queue for coding and sending; the coding module is responsible for coding the three-layer data packet loads with the same source and destination addresses in an erasable code mode; the erasable code is M data packets (M)1,M2,…,Mm) Is coded into n>m number of data packets (E)1,E2,…,En) (ii) a The scheduling module selects the data after the multi-path distribution coding according to the destination address, SLA and the customized routing table of the data packet, and the data volume distributed by each path is adjusted according to the scheduling protocol.
3. The Overlay network and coding technology based parallel multi-path transmission method of claim 2, wherein: the scheduling algorithm includes, but is not limited to, the following four:
(1) and (3) random scheduling: randomly selecting one from the next hop IP address list as a next hop forwarding address;
(2) scheduling based on queue length: setting a counter for each next hop address, wherein the counter is used for counting the number of data packets forwarded to the next hop within nearly 1 s; selecting an IP address with the minimum count from a next hop address list as a next hop forwarding address;
(3) scheduling based on throughput rate: setting a variable for each next hop address, wherein the variable is used for counting the ratio of sending data packets in nearly 1 s; selecting an IP address with the minimum ratio from a next hop address list as a next hop forwarding address;
(4) scheduling based on efficiency: and sending a probe packet aiming at each next hop address, acquiring the round trip time of the next hop address, and selecting an IP address with the shortest round trip time as the next hop forwarding address.
4. The Overlay network and coding technology based parallel multi-path transmission method according to claim 3, wherein: the intermediate node of the overlay network is constructed by any equipment with three or more layers and is responsible for routing and forwarding the data packet and finally routing to the gateway node of the network where the destination communication node is located.
5. The Overlay network and coding technology based parallel multi-path transmission method according to claim 4, wherein: the specific method of the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: the destination gateway node acquires a three-layer data message in a network layer and stores the three-layer data message in a cache queue of the destination gateway node;
step 3.2: m data packets in the same group with the same source address and destination address are taken out from a cache queue of a destination gateway node, and the three-layer data load of the data packets is decoded to obtain m original data packets;
step 3.3: taking out the destination addresses in the TCPOtion fields in the m original data packets, and writing the destination addresses into the destination address field of the IP header for reconstruction;
step 3.4: and sending the decoded and reconstructed three-layer data packet to a network where the destination communication node is located, wherein the data packet is finally routed to the destination communication node.
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