CN112153693A - Double-path transmission method based on random linear network coding - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/0231—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions
- H04W28/0236—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions radio quality, e.g. interference, losses or delay
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0033—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the transmitter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0036—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
- H04W28/14—Flow control between communication endpoints using intermediate storage
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-path transmission method based on random linear network coding, which comprises the following steps: the source node carries out linear network coding on the original data packet; the source node distributes the coded data packets according to the transmission efficiency and the packet loss rate round-robin mode of the LTE path and the Wi-Fi path; after receiving the coded data packets distributed by the LTE link and the Wi-Fi link, the receiving end stores the coded data packets in a buffer area; and when the number of the coded data packets collected by the receiving end meets the decoding requirement, decoding the original data packets. The invention considers that the random linear network coding technology is used for generating the coded data packet of the source data packet and transmits the coded data packet through the double-interface LTE-Wi-Fi path, and researches show that the random network coding system based on the double-interface transmission path can obtain obvious system gain compared with the random network coding system based on the single-interface transmission path, and the system gain is particularly embodied in the great improvement of the decoding probability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a double-path transmission method based on random linear network coding.
Background
In the random linear network coding, a transmitting terminal combines K source data packets into a generation, and transmits the data packets in the generation after randomly selecting network coding coefficients to code. The receiving end needs to receive the encoded data packets with linearly independent K encoded coefficient vectors, so as to reconstruct K source data packets by using the gaussian elimination technique. Because the random network coding randomly selects the network coding coefficient, the receiving end cannot be guaranteed to recover the original data packet, and therefore the decoding performance analysis of the receiving end becomes the focus of attention of the scholars. In addition, the next generation network is marked by high data throughput, low time delay, high transmission reliability and high decoding rate. The multi-path transmission provides a potential technical approach for meeting the performance index. Multipath transmission also offers a broad prospect for fifth generation (5G) networks to address the adaptive requirements of data transmission rate, delay time and reliability, so the emergence of multipath is inevitable in which wired and wireless (licensed, unlicensed and device-to-device) interfaces merge with a single device. Many emerging use cases such as V2X communication and perception networks (tactle Internet) also impose strict requirements on decoding probability. At present, the multi-interface of the intelligent equipment provides a practical foundation for multi-path transmission. Significant pushers to low latency communications over multiple communication interfaces have been proposed. However, there has been no much research into the actual decoding rate of a particular dual interface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-path transmission method based on random linear network coding, which has higher decoding probability and improves the resource utilization rate.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention:
the invention provides a double-path transmission method based on random linear network coding, which comprises the following steps:
the source node carries out linear network coding on the original data packet;
the source node distributes the coded data packets in a round-robin manner according to the transmission efficiency and the packet loss rate of the LTE path and the Wi-Fi path;
after receiving the coded data packets distributed by the LTE link and the Wi-Fi link, the receiving end stores the coded data packets in a buffer area;
and when the number of the coded data packets collected by the receiving end meets the decoding requirement, decoding the original data packets.
Further, the method for the source node to perform linear network coding on the original data packet specifically includes:
linearly combining the original data packets from the RLNC in a Galois field gf (q) to create encoded data packets;
the original data packets are expressed as GF (q) element row vectors, and in the non-system random linear network coding, the K original data packets are subjected to random linear network coding.
Further, the method for performing random linear network coding on the original data packet specifically includes:
for the original data packet uiK, modeled as a sequence from a finite field of size q, i.e., ui∈GF(q)；
Transmitter generates coded data packet xjE GF (q) is as follows:
randomly and uniformly selecting coefficient g from GF (q)i，iIf n encoded packets have been sent, the encoded packets for transmission on the input channel can be represented by a matrix:
wherein the coefficient gi，iIs that
Of (2) is used.
Further, after receiving the encoded data packets distributed by the LTE link and the Wi-Fi link, the receiving end stores the encoded data packets in a buffer, and the method specifically includes:
the receiving end is configured with the receiving of two interfaces, collects the coding data packet transmitted by the two interfaces, and stores the coding data packet in the cache region without the sequence;
the receiving end combines the coding data packets arriving from the two links into a decoding matrix;
at the transmission time t, the number of the coded data packets transmitted from the LTE path is
The number of coded data packets transmitted from the Wi-Fi path is
The packet loss rates of the LTE link and the Wi-Fi link are respectively set as p1，p2If K original data packets are successfully decoded, x encoded data packets need to be received from a Wi-Fi link, and (m-x) encoded data packets need to be received from an LTE link, so that probability density functions of two paths of binomial distribution are respectively as follows:
wherein n is1And n2Indicating the number of coded data packets received at the receiving end from the two links, N1、N2Respectively representing the number of data packets, p, sent over LTE and Wi-Fi1、p2And the link packet loss rate of the LTE and the Wi-Fi is shown.
Further, when the number of the encoded data packets collected by the receiving end meets the decoding requirement, the method for decoding the original data packet specifically includes:
let y1，...，YmM ≦ n coded data packets successfully received by the receiver from the set of n transmitted data packets, and M represents the M × K decoding matrix constructed at the receiver in M rows of G associated with the received data packet, y1，...，YmAnd the original data packet u1，...，uKThe relationship between them is:
k original data packets can be decoded if and only if the rank of the decoding matrix M is K.
Further, the decoding probability of the transmitted coded data packet after being transmitted to the receiving end on two links is as follows:
under the transmission time t, the number of the coded data packets transmitted from the LTE path is N1，N2Then the decoding probability is expressed as:
wherein
Probability quality function of two-item distribution of data packets of LTE path and Wi-Fi path respectively, wherein P (m, K, P) represents full rank probability of random network coding when receiving m data packets at receiving end, and can be represented as
n1And n2Indicating the number of coded data packets received at the receiving end from the two links, N1、N2Respectively representing the number of data packets transmitted over LTE and Wi-Fi, p1、p2Representing the link packet loss rate of LTE and Wi-Fi;
will be provided with
Substituting the expression into a decoding probability function expression to obtain an expression P of the decoding probability with respect to time tdec(t)；
The average decoding delay of the system is the expected time required for all receivers to decode a generation of the original signal, and the decoding delay can be expressed as:
the probability that a receiver cannot recover a generation of packets before the set deadline is the outage probability, which is expressed as: pout＝1-Pdec(t)。
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention considers that the random linear network coding technology is used for generating the coded data packet of the source data packet and transmits the coded data packet through the double-interface LTE-Wi-Fi path, and researches show that the random network coding system based on the double-interface transmission path can obtain obvious system gain compared with the random network coding system based on the single-interface transmission path, and the system gain is particularly embodied in the great improvement of the decoding probability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a dual path coded data packet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating performance comparison of decoding rates of a random linear network coding based dual-path and single-path transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The invention relates to a double-path transmission method based on random linear network coding, which comprises the following steps:
the source node encodes the K original data packets,
randomly selecting a coding coefficient to carry out non-system linear network coding;
the source node distributes the coded data packet to an LTE link and a Wi-Fi link according to factors such as packet loss rate and transmission rate of the links;
after receiving the coded data packets of the two links, the receiving end, like a collecting tank, collects the coded data packets transmitted by the two interfaces and stores the coded data packets in a cache region without the sequence;
when the number of the linearly independent data packets collected by the receiving end is the number of the original data packets, the decoding of the Gaussian elimination process can be carried out. The method comprises the following specific steps:
analogous to single-path transmission, if K original data packets are decoded, the probability of the full rank of matrix M is
qmkRepresenting the possible case of the generation of all m × K binary matrices in the q domain, f (m, K) representing the case of m × K full rank matrices,
decoding probability of non-systematic network coding: in a normal case, in point-to-point communication, a packet loss rate of a channel is set to be p, and when N encoded data packets are sent to a destination node, a probability that the destination node decodes all K original data packets is:
where B (M, N, p) represents the probability that the receiving end correctly receives M data packets, i.e.
P (m, K, P) represents the full rank probability of random network coding when the receiving end receives m data packets, and can be represented as:
we can think about the decoding probability of the dual path by means of the decoding idea of the single path.
As shown in fig. 1, the LTE and Wi-Fi links are selected as transmission channels, and K original data packets are transmitted to the receiving end, and K original data packets are transmitted from the receiving end
And randomly selecting coding coefficients to carry out non-systematic linear network coding. The data packet is transmitted according to the data packet transmission rate R of each pathLTEAnd RWi-FiTransmitting a certain number of coded data packets to a receiving end. The system researched by the invention does not need to use a feedback mechanism, adopts random linear network coding, and can eliminate the requirement on a feedback channel and save the transmission time of the feedback channel when a sufficient (limited) number of redundant data packets are transmitted to a receiving end, thereby reducing transmission and improving transmission efficiency.
The two paths of transmitted coded data packets are finally converged to a receiving end, the receiving end cannot decode the two paths respectively, the two paths of arriving data packets form a decoding matrix according to the sequence no matter the data packets arrive in sequence, and the decoding process is similar to that of a single path. Under the transmission time t, the number of the coded data packets transmitted from the LTE path by the receiving end is
(
Indicating that the logarithm is an integer upward), the number of encoded packets transmitted from the Wi-Fi path is equal to.
The packet loss rates of the LTE link and the Wi-Fi link are respectively set as p1，p2If K original data packets are successfully decoded, x encoded data packets need to be received from a Wi-Fi link, and (m-x) encoded data packets need to be received from an LTE link, so that probability density functions of two paths of binomial distribution are respectively as follows:
wherein n is1And n2Indicating the number of encoded packets received from both links at the receiving end. Consider twoThe upper and lower limits of the encoded data packets transmitted by the links, in order to ensure that the number of the encoded data packets transmitted by the K original data packets successfully decoded on the two links, may be distributed as follows:
the probability that the decoding matrix can decode K original data is:
will be provided with
Substituting the expression into the above expression can obtain an expression P of the decoding probability with respect to time tdec(t) of (d). The average decoding delay of the system is the expected time required for all receivers to decode a generation of the original signal. The decoding delay can be expressed as:
further PoutThe probability that a receiver cannot recover a generation of packets before the set deadline can be expressed as: pout＝1-Pdec(t) of (d). The coded data packets are distributed to two paths in turn in a (Round Robin) polling mode, and are stored in a buffer in sequence at a receiving end to wait for decoding. The original data packet can be recovered by the Gaussian elimination method.
Fig. 2 is a graph comparing the performance of the random linear network coding-based dual-path transmission method according to the embodiment of the present invention with that of the conventional single-path transmission method. Three transmission modes are selected for comparison in the process: in LTE, Wi-Fi and LTE-Wi-Fi, the transmission rate, the transmission time and the packet loss rate of different transmission of each path determine the size of the decoding rate. For the original data packet of the transmitting end, the encoder of the transmitting end generates the coded dataThe packets are distributed to two analog paths, and the packet loss rate p of an LTE channel can be selected10.1 and 20ms delay time, and the packet loss rate of Wi-Fi channel is p2Considering the system performance when q is 4 and K is 50 for different channel packet loss rates, it is noted that the smaller the packet loss rate is, the greater the probability that the receiver decodes K linear independent codes is, because the number of encoded data packets received by the receiving end is large at this time, and the decoding rate is relatively increased. The performance of a single-path system based on Wi-Fi is superior to that of a single-path system based on LTE, and the dual-path transmission can obtain obvious system performance gain compared with single-path transmission, because the transmission rate of the single-path system based on LTE is lower than that of the single-path system based on LTE, namely the number of coded data packets transmitted to a receiving end of the single-path system based on LTE is less than that of data packets received by the single-path system based on Wi-Fi in the deadline, namely the decoding rate of the Wi-Fi path is higher under the condition of transmitting the same number of original data packets. For the LTE-Wi-Fi dual path, the number of encoded data packets received by the receiving end is the sum of the number of data packets received by two single paths, and it is obvious that the decoding probability of the multi-path is much higher than that of the single path.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A double-path transmission method based on random linear network coding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the source node carries out random linear network coding on the original data packet;
the source node distributes the coded data packets in a round-robin manner according to the transmission efficiency and the packet loss rate of the LTE path and the Wi-Fi path;
after receiving the coded data packets distributed by the LTE link and the Wi-Fi link, the receiving end stores the coded data packets in a buffer area;
and when the number of the coded data packets collected by the receiving end meets the decoding requirement, decoding the original data packets.
2. The random linear network coding-based dual-path transmission method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for the source node to perform linear network coding on the original data packet comprises:
the RLNC linearly combines the original data packets in the Galois field gf (q) to create encoded data packets;
the original data packets are expressed as GF (q) element row vectors, and in the non-system random linear network coding, the K original data packets are subjected to random linear network coding.
3. The dual-path transmission method based on the random linear network coding as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method for performing the random linear network coding on the original data packet specifically comprises:
for the original data packet uiK, modeled as a sequence from a finite field of size q, i.e., ui∈GF(q)；
Transmitter generates coded data packet xjE GF (q) is as follows:
randomly and uniformly selecting coefficient g from GF (q)i，jIf n encoded packets have been sent, the encoded packets for transmission on the input channel can be represented by a matrix:
wherein the coefficient gi，jIs that
Of (2) is used.
4. The dual-path transmission method based on the random linear network coding as claimed in claim 3, wherein the receiving end receives the coded data packets distributed by the two links of LTE and Wi-Fi and then stores the coded data packets in the buffer, and the method specifically includes:
the receiving end is configured with the receiving of two interfaces, collects the coding data packet transmitted by the two interfaces, and stores the coding data packet in the cache region without the sequence;
the receiving end combines the coding data packets arriving from the two links into a decoding matrix;
at the transmission time t, the number of the coded data packets transmitted from the LTE path is
The number of coded data packets transmitted from the Wi-Fi path is
The packet loss rates of the LTE link and the Wi-Fi link are respectively set as p1，p2If K original data packets are successfully decoded, x encoded data packets need to be received from a Wi-Fi link, and (m-x) encoded data packets need to be received from an LTE link, so that probability density functions of two paths of binomial distribution are respectively as follows:
wherein n is1And n2Indicating the number of coded data packets received at the receiving end from the two links, N1、N2Respectively representing the number of data packets, p, sent over LTE and Wi-Fi1、p2And the link packet loss rate of the LTE and the Wi-Fi is shown.
5. The dual-path transmission method based on random linear network coding according to claim 4, wherein when the number of the encoded data packets collected by the receiving end meets the decoding requirement, the method for decoding the original data packets specifically comprises:
let y1，...，ymPresentation receiverM ≦ n encoded data packets successfully received from the set of n transmitted data packets, and M represents the M × K decoding matrix constructed at the receiver in M rows of G associated with the received data packet, y1，...，ymAnd the original data packet u1，...，uKThe relationship between them is:
k original data packets can be decoded if and only if the rank of the decoding matrix M is K.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the decoding probability of the transmitted encoded data packet after being transmitted to the receiving end on two links is as follows:
under the transmission time t, the number of the coded data packets transmitted from the LTE path by the receiving end is N1，N2Then the decoding probability is expressed as:
wherein
Probability quality function of two-item distribution of data packets of LTE path and Wi-Fi path respectively, wherein P (m, K, P) represents full rank probability of random network coding when receiving m data packets at receiving end, and can be represented as
n1And n2Indicating the number of coded data packets, p, received at the receiving end from the two links, respectively1、p2Representing the link packet loss rate of LTE and Wi-Fi;
will be provided with
Substituting the expression into a decoding probability function expression to obtain an expression P of the decoding probability with respect to time tdec(t)；
The average decoding delay of the system is the expected time required for all receivers to decode a generation of the original signal, and the decoding delay can be expressed as:
the probability that a receiver cannot recover a generation of packets before the set deadline is the outage probability, which is expressed as: pout＝1-Pdec(t)。
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