CN111440547A - 一种太阳能双玻封边胶带及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，包括如下重量份数的组分：丁基类橡胶15‑25重量份；聚异丁烯10‑18重量份；填料40‑50重量份；增粘树脂3‑23重量份；抗氧剂0.1‑0.5重量份；紫外吸收剂0.2‑0.8重量份；溶剂3‑10重量份。本发明的太阳能双玻组件封边胶带，其原料中采用丁基类橡胶作为主体橡胶，利用丁基橡胶本身很好的气密性，本发明的丁基封边胶，无需等待固化，使用后即可进行层叠和层压，能有效地防止太阳能组件四周水汽进入组件内部，提高了组件的密封性，并提高了组件衔接位置的电学性能，大大地延长组件的使用年限。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于用于太阳能中空玻璃密封的丁基橡胶密封材料技术领域，具体涉及一种太阳能双玻封边胶带及其制备方法。
背景技术
中空玻璃由美国人于1865年发明，是一种良好的隔热、隔音、美观适用、并可降低建筑物自重的新型建筑材料。它是用两片(或三片)玻璃，使用高强度高气密性复合粘结剂，将玻璃片与内含干燥剂的铝合金框架粘接，制成高效能隔音隔热玻璃。中空玻璃多种性能优越于普通双层玻璃，因此得到了世界各国的认可。
中空玻璃是由两层或多层平板玻璃构成，因此也称为“双玻”。四周用高强高气密性复合粘接剂，将两片或多片玻璃与密封条、玻璃条粘接、密封。中间充入干燥气体，框内充以干燥剂，以保证玻璃片间空气的干燥度。常规的双玻密封组件的密封仅依靠对组件的铝合金槽进行涂抹硅酮胶来进行密封封装，长时间暴露在空气中会出现效率的衰减。
丁基胶带用于太阳能电池组件逐渐得到关注。实用新型专利CN201576691U中介绍了一种含有丁基密封胶的太阳能电池组件；CN204792835U中公开的是一种含有丁基密封胶带的超薄超薄太阳能双玻组件。实用新型专利CN205528574U公开了一种嵌入太阳能双玻组件中的双面封边胶带，自下而上依次包括第一离型材料层、第一丁基胶层、基材层、第二丁基胶层、第二离型材料层，共5层，结构和制作工艺相对复杂。CN105754508B中公开了一种高阻水性太阳能组件封边胶带，包括自上而下依次设置的基材层、功能胶层和离型材料层，其中功能胶层为溶剂丁基。CN106928883B中公开了一种以硅烷偶联剂接枝的丁基橡胶作为太阳能组件中玻璃用密封胶的主料，其过程分接枝，混合，挤出三步，结构和制作工艺也相对复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种新型的太阳能双玻封边胶带及其制备方法。
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，包括如下重量份数的组分：
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述丁基类橡胶选自丁基橡胶、氯化丁基橡胶、溴化丁基橡胶、丁基再生橡胶、氯化丁基再生橡胶和溴化丁基再生橡胶中的一种或多种。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述丁基类橡胶为丁基橡胶。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述聚异丁烯为马来酸酐改性聚异丁烯，分子量为800-4000。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述填料选自滑石粉、云母粉、碳酸钙、硅藻土、钛白粉、硫酸钡、白炭黑、玻璃微珠和陶土中的一种或多种。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述增粘树脂选自C5系石油树脂、C9系石油树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酯树脂、松香树脂、酚醛树脂、萜烯树脂、萜烯酚醛树脂、古马隆树脂、氢化松香酚树脂、二环戊二烯系石油树脂、苯乙烯系树脂、烷基酚醛树脂中的一种或多种。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述增粘树脂为石油树脂和萜烯酚醛树脂的混合物。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述石油树脂在所述封边胶带中的重量份数为10-15重量份，所述萜烯酚醛树脂在所述封边胶带中的重量份数为3-8重量份。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述溶剂为石蜡油。
本发明的第二个目的在于一种如上所述的太阳能双玻封边胶带的制备方法，包括以下步骤：先用密炼机在90至160摄氏度下进行混料，搅拌均匀后出料，冷却至100度以下后接着用单螺杆或者双螺杆挤出机经设计规格的模具在70-140摄氏度下挤出于离型纸或离型膜经收卷裁切得到所需规格。
针对现有密封方式的缺陷与不足，本发明的发明人研究出一种新型的丁基封边胶进行增强改进，其原料中采用丁基类橡胶作为主体橡胶，能够极大地保证体系的气密性，有效防止水汽进入组件内部；另外使用聚异丁烯以及石蜡油与碳酸钙、石油树脂和萜烯酚醛树脂这两种增粘树脂等进行均匀混合，得到一种极佳的密封材料。
与现有技术相比，本发明的一种太阳能双玻封边胶带及其制备方法具有如下有益效果：本发明的太阳能双玻组件封边胶带，其原料中采用丁基类橡胶作为主体橡胶，利用丁基橡胶本身很好的气密性，本发明的丁基封边胶，无需等待固化，使用后即可进行层叠和层压，能有效地防止太阳能组件四周水汽进入组件内部，提高了组件的密封性，并提高了组件衔接位置的电学性能，大大地延长组件的使用年限。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例，对本发明做进一步说明。应理解，以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1：
一种新型的太阳能双玻组件丁基封边胶带，所述封边胶带的原料按重量百分比计，包括如下组分：丁基橡胶15％、聚异丁烯13％、萜烯酚醛树脂5％、石油树脂13％、碳酸钙45％、抗氧剂0.3％、紫外吸收剂0.7％、石蜡油8％。
实施例2：
一种新型的太阳能双玻组件丁基封边胶带，所述封边胶带的原料按重量百分比计，包括如下组分：丁基橡胶20％、聚异丁烯13％、萜烯酚醛树脂5％、石油树脂13％、碳酸钙40％、抗氧剂0.3％、紫外吸收剂0.7％、石蜡油8％。
实施例3：
一种新型的太阳能双玻组件丁基封边胶带，所述封边胶带的原料按重量百分比计，包括如下组分：丁基橡胶15％、聚异丁烯18％、萜烯酚醛树脂5％、石油树脂13％、碳酸钙40％、抗氧剂0.3％、紫外吸收剂0.7％、石蜡油3％。
上述实施例1、2、3对应的丁基密封胶带的具体组分见下表1。
表1各丁基密封胶带的具体组分
制备实施例：
上述实施例1、2、3的一种太阳能双玻封边胶带的制备方法，包括以下步骤：先用密炼机在90至160摄氏度下进行混料，搅拌均匀后出料，冷却至100度以下后接着用单螺杆或者双螺杆挤出机经设计规格的模具在70-140摄氏度下挤出于离型纸或离型膜经收卷裁切得到所需规格。
性能测试：
实施例1、2、3和对比例(现用的硅酮胶)对应的太阳能双玻封边胶带的测试结果见下表2。
表2各丁基密封胶带的测试结果
由表2的测试结果可见，与对比例的对太阳能中空玻璃组件的铝合金槽进行涂抹硅酮胶来进行密封封装相比，本发明的丁基橡胶封边胶带，虽然比重更低，然而吸水率大大下降，体积电阻导率提高，节电强度升高，湿蒸气透射率大幅降低。这说明：本发明的丁基封边胶大幅提高了组件的密封性，能有效地防止太阳能组件四周水汽进入组件内部，并提高了组件衔接位置的电学性能，大大地延长组件的使用年限。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了详细描述，但其只作为范例，本发明并不限制于以上描述的具体实施例。对于本领域技术人员而言，任何对该发明进行的等同修改和替代也都在本发明的范畴之中。因此，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围下所作的均等变换和修改，都应涵盖在本发明的范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，其特征在于，包括如下重量份数的组分：
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，其特征在于，所述丁基类橡胶选自丁基橡胶、氯化丁基橡胶、溴化丁基橡胶、丁基再生橡胶、氯化丁基再生橡胶和溴化丁基再生橡胶中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，其特征在于，所述丁基类橡胶为丁基橡胶。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，其特征在于，所述聚异丁烯为马来酸酐改性聚异丁烯，分子量为800-4000。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，其特征在于，所述填料选自滑石粉、云母粉、碳酸钙、硅藻土、钛白粉、硫酸钡、白炭黑、玻璃微珠和陶土中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，其特征在于，所述增粘树脂选自C5系石油树脂、C9系石油树脂、聚氨酯树脂、聚酯树脂、松香树脂、酚醛树脂、萜烯树脂、萜烯酚醛树脂、古马隆树脂、氢化松香酚树脂、二环戊二烯系石油树脂、苯乙烯系树脂、烷基酚醛树脂中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述的一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，其特征在于，所述增粘树脂为石油树脂和萜烯酚醛树脂的混合物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，其特征在于，所述石油树脂在所述封边胶带中的重量份数为10-15重量份，所述萜烯酚醛树脂在所述封边胶带中的重量份数为3-8重量份。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能双玻封边胶带，其特征在于，所述溶剂为石蜡油。
10.一种太阳能双玻封边胶带的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：先用密炼机在90至160摄氏度下进行混料，搅拌均匀后出料，冷却至100度以下后接着用单螺杆或者双螺杆挤出机经设计规格的模具在70-140摄氏度下挤出于离型纸或离型膜经收卷裁切得到所需规格。
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