CN111439838A - Sewage treatment method and sewage treatment system of combined dynamic membrane bioreactor - Google Patents
Sewage treatment method and sewage treatment system of combined dynamic membrane bioreactor Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a sewage treatment method and a sewage treatment system of a combined dynamic membrane bioreactor, which are used for maintaining high-efficiency activated sludge and higher nitrification efficiency and improving the probability of removing pollutants. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: combining the regulating tank with the anaerobic tank through the anaerobic regulating tank, and decomposing organic high-molecular pollutants in the sewage flowing in through the grating into organic low-molecular pollutants by utilizing the degradation capability of facultative microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms to obtain first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants; decomposing the first sewage containing organic low-molecular pollutants into carbon dioxide and water by utilizing the decomposition capacity of aerobic microorganisms through a biomembrane reaction tank to obtain treated second sewage; and intercepting the treated second sewage by using an improved polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane and a self-generated dynamic membrane through a biological membrane separation tank to obtain treated third sewage, and refluxing the intercepted sludge to an anaerobic regulating tank to remove nitrogen by using denitrification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a sewage treatment method, a sewage treatment system and a sewage treatment device of a combined dynamic membrane bioreactor.
Background
With the development and progress of society, the establishment of good ecological environment is advanced as the national strategic height, wherein the water ecology is also increasingly concerned by people. Currently, the urbanization level of China is continuously improved, population tends to be concentrated, water consumption and sewage discharge of villages and towns are also continuously increased, and infrastructure of villages and towns is seriously lagged behind the development of construction of villages and towns, including lack of necessary sewage collection systems and treatment systems. The sewage is discharged out of order by residents and farmers, and in addition, the livestock and poultry cultivation, the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers are important pollution sources of regional water environment, directly pollute river and lake water bodies and influence the ecological environment of towns and villages. The water environment in villages and towns faces a serious challenge. The method can be used for treating the sewage in the villages and the towns as early as possible, and plays a positive role in building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society and promoting the coordinated development of the economy and the ecological environment of the villages and the towns.
Therefore, methods for treating domestic sewage in small towns and villages are pushed out in succession, wherein MBR (Membrane bioreactor) treatment technology is included, and the technology is developed for decades, so that the characteristics of simple process structure, low engineering investment, convenience in operation and management, low operating cost, good treatment effect and the like are formed, and the method is widely applied and researched. The membrane bioreactor is a device widely used for treating domestic sewage and industrial organic wastewater, generally comprises a bioreactor and a membrane component, the reactor can intercept suspended substances or colloid and other substances through the filtration of the membrane, and the filtered clear liquid can reach the reclaimed water reuse standard. However, in the prior art, the effect of sewage treatment is not very good.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a sewage treatment method, a sewage treatment system and a sewage treatment device of a combined dynamic membrane bioreactor, which are used for maintaining high-efficiency activated sludge and higher nitrification efficiency and improving the probability of removing pollutants.
In view of the above, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a sewage treatment method of a combined dynamic membrane bioreactor, the method being applied to a sewage treatment system, the sewage treatment system including an anaerobic conditioning tank, a biofilm reaction tank and a biofilm separation tank, and the method may include:
combining the adjusting tank with the anaerobic tank through the anaerobic adjusting tank, and decomposing organic high-molecular pollutants in the sewage flowing in through the grating into organic low-molecular pollutants by using the degradation capability of the facultative microorganisms and the anaerobic microorganisms to obtain first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants;
decomposing the first sewage containing organic low-molecular pollutants into carbon dioxide and water by utilizing the decomposition capacity of aerobic microorganisms through the biological film reaction tank to obtain treated second sewage, wherein a bioreactor with a special biological filler combination is arranged in the biological film reaction tank, and the bioreactor is used for cultivating a multifunctional biological film through biological technology;
and intercepting the treated second sewage by using an improved polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane and a self-generated dynamic membrane through the biological membrane separation tank to obtain treated third sewage, and refluxing the intercepted sludge to an anaerobic regulation tank to remove nitrogen by using denitrification.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the invention, the captured sludge is returned to an anaerobic conditioning tank for denitrification, comprising:
converting nitrogen and ammonia in the sewage or the treated second sewage into nitrogen by using the nitrification of the anaerobic microorganisms through the anaerobic adjusting tank, and separating phosphorus in the sewage by using the phosphorus accumulation function of aerobic microorganisms to obtain treated fourth sewage;
decomposing the fourth treated sewage into carbon dioxide and water by utilizing the decomposition capacity of aerobic microorganisms through the biomembrane reaction tank to obtain fifth treated sewage;
and intercepting the treated fifth sewage by using an improved polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane and an authigenic dynamic membrane through the biological membrane separation tank to obtain the treated sixth sewage.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the multifunctional biofilm includes a hollow fiber membrane and a cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, where the cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is a gel layer formed on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane by the first wastewater including organic low-molecular pollutants; the method further comprises the following steps:
and intercepting the first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants by using the hollow fiber membrane and the filter cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane through the biological membrane reaction tank.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the sewage treatment system further comprises a disinfection tank and a reclaimed water recycling tank, and the method further comprises:
sterilizing the treated third sewage through the sterilizing tank to obtain sterilized third sewage;
and conveying the disinfected third sewage to the reclaimed water reuse tank.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the sewage treatment system further comprises a disinfection tank and a reclaimed water recycling tank, and the method further comprises:
disinfecting the treated sixth sewage through the disinfection tank to obtain disinfected sixth sewage;
and conveying the sterilized sixth sewage to the reclaimed water reuse tank.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a sewage treatment apparatus, which is applied to the sewage treatment method of the combined dynamic membrane bioreactor described in the first aspect of the present invention and any optional implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, and the sewage treatment apparatus may include:
the device comprises a tank body 1 which is horizontally arranged, a water inlet 2 and a water outlet 3 are correspondingly arranged at two ends of the tank body 1, and a pretreatment region 4, a biological reaction region 6, a biological reaction region 7 and a membrane filtering region 9 are sequentially arranged in the tank body 1 along the direction from the water inlet 2 to the water outlet 3;
the first biological reaction zone 6, the second biological reaction zone 7 and the membrane filtering zone 9 are positioned above the pretreatment channel and are separated by a self-generated dynamic membrane 18, biological membrane fillers 8 are arranged in the first biological reaction zone 6 and the second biological reaction zone 7, and the membrane filtering zone 9 is positioned at one side of the water outlet 3 and is communicated with the water outlet 3; the pretreatment area 4 is a U-shaped pretreatment channel which is formed by a bottom clapboard arranged in the tank body 1 and is respectively separated from the two ends and the bottom in the tank body 1; one end of the pretreatment channel is correspondingly communicated with the water inlet 2, and the other end is connected with a water distribution pipe 5 arranged above the biological reaction zone through a water pipe. The bottom partition plates are respectively parallel and corresponding to the outlines of the two ends and the bottom in the tank body 1, and the distance between the bottom partition plates and the bottom of the tank body 1 is 20 cm;
the bottom of the pretreatment channel is provided with a deposition filter tank 20 with a valve, and the deposition filter tank 20 is vertically arranged relative to the direction of the pretreatment channel and corresponds to the bottom contour of the pretreatment channel in parallel; a drain valve is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the opening of the sedimentation filter tank 20; the sedimentation filter tank 20 is provided with a sieve plate at one side of the shell close to the water outlet 3, and the sieve plate separates the pretreatment channels and is inclined or bent towards one side of the water inlet 2;
wherein, 1-tank 1, 2-water inlet, 3-water outlet, 4-pretreatment zone, 5-water distributor, 6-first biological reaction zone, 7-second biological reaction zone, 8-biological membrane filler, 9-membrane filtration zone, 10-first clapboard, 11-flange valve, 12-filter barrel, 13-water inlet end, 14-air jet pump, 15-water outlet end, 16-second clapboard, 17-third clapboard, 18-autogenous dynamic membrane, 19-automatic valve, 20-deposition filtration tank.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention,
the first biological reaction zone 6 and the second biological reaction zone 7 are separated by a first clapboard 10, and the water distribution pipe 5 is arranged above the first biological reaction zone 6; the first biological reaction zone 6 and the second biological reaction zone 7 are connected through an air jet pump 14 arranged on the outer side of the tank body 1, a water inlet end 13 of the air jet pump 14 extends into the first biological reaction zone 6 and is contained in the filter barrel 12, and the air jet pump 14 is provided with a plurality of water outlet ends 15 and is uniformly arranged at the bottom of the second biological reaction zone 7;
wherein, the bottom of the first biological reaction zone 6 is arranged obliquely downwards, and the lowest part is connected with a flange valve 11 arranged at the bottom of the tank body 1; the bottom of the second biological reaction zone 7 is arranged obliquely downwards, and the lowest part is provided with an automatic valve 19 which can be communicated with the pretreatment zone 4; a second clapboard 16 is also arranged between the second biological reaction zone 7 and the autogenous dynamic membrane 18, the upper end of the second clapboard 16 is obliquely arranged towards one side of the second biological reaction zone 7, and the lower part of the second clapboard 16 is provided with a water passing opening with a screen.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention,
the bottom of the self-generating dynamic membrane 18 is also provided with a third clapboard 17, and the third clapboard 17 is higher than the position of the water outlet.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention,
the biomembrane filler 8 is made of zeolite, ceramsite, coke and/or active carbon porous filter materials, and is configured into a reverse-granularity filter layer device according to the particle size and different mass weights of various filter materials.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention,
the distance between the bottom clapboard and the bottom of the tank body 1 is 5-35 cm; the tank body 1 is also provided with a working port with a sealing flip cover and an air outlet corresponding to the biological reaction area, and one side of the tank body 1 is provided with a ladder connected with the top of the tank body 1.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a sewage treatment system comprising:
a memory storing executable program code;
a processor coupled with the memory;
the processor calls the executable program code stored in the memory for executing the steps of the sewage treatment method of the combined dynamic membrane bioreactor as described in the first aspect of the invention and any optional implementation manner of the first aspect of the invention.
A fourth aspect of embodiments of the present invention provides a readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, the computer program, when executed by a processor, implementing the steps of the sewage treatment method of a combined dynamic membrane bioreactor as described in the first aspect of the present invention and any one of the optional implementations of the first aspect of the present invention.
A fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a computer program product, which, when running on a computer, causes the computer to perform part or all of the steps of the method for treating wastewater by using a combined dynamic membrane bioreactor disclosed in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention.
The sixth aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses an application publishing platform, which is used for publishing a computer program product, wherein when the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute part or all of the steps of the sewage treatment method of the combined dynamic membrane bioreactor disclosed in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
the embodiment of the invention provides a sewage treatment method of a combined dynamic membrane bioreactor, which is applied to a sewage treatment system, wherein the sewage treatment system comprises an anaerobic regulating tank, a biological membrane reaction tank and a biological membrane separation tank, and the method can comprise the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of combining an adjusting tank with an anaerobic tank through the anaerobic adjusting tank, and decomposing organic high-molecular pollutants in sewage into organic low-molecular pollutants by using the degradation capability of facultative microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms to obtain first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants; decomposing the first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants into carbon dioxide and water by utilizing the decomposition capacity of aerobic microorganisms through the biomembrane reaction tank to obtain treated second sewage; and intercepting the treated second sewage by using an improved polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane and a self-generated dynamic membrane through the biological membrane separation tank to obtain treated third sewage, and refluxing the intercepted sludge to an anaerobic regulation tank to remove nitrogen by using denitrification. Can maintain high-efficiency activated sludge and higher nitrification efficiency and improve the probability of removing pollutants.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the embodiments and the drawings used in the description of the prior art, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a sewage treatment method of a combined dynamic membrane bioreactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of a wastewater treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3A is a schematic view of an embodiment of a wastewater treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3B is a schematic view of another embodiment of a wastewater treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a sewage treatment method, a sewage treatment system and a sewage treatment device of a combined dynamic membrane bioreactor, which are used for maintaining high-efficiency activated sludge and higher nitrification efficiency and improving the probability of removing pollutants.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The embodiments based on the present invention should fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
The following briefly describes the "integrated bioreactor double-membrane type internal circulation wastewater treatment technology" in the examples of the present invention, as follows:
the combined bioreactor double-membrane type internal circulation sewage treatment technology (CDMBR for short) is a new generation technology process which is newly and innovatively upgraded for the second time on the basis of a patent of 'a double-membrane type bioreactor'. The biological treatment and the membrane separation technology are organically combined, the improved fiber net film material of the precoated biological precoating agent is used as a supporting layer, microorganisms can be quickly attached to form a biological membrane to degrade and remove organic matters, and the membrane separation is utilized to improve the quality of effluent water. The CDMBR is fused with an improved polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane bioreactor, a dynamic membrane separation technology, a modular processing technology, an Internet of things + network big data management. The technology has the characteristics of maintaining high-efficiency activated sludge, higher nitrification efficiency and the like, and the effluent reaches the first-class A standard of GB18918-2002 pollutant discharge Standard of urban wastewater treatment plants.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by way of examples, and as shown in fig. 1, is a schematic diagram of an example of a wastewater treatment method of a combined dynamic membrane bioreactor in an example of the present invention, the method is applied to a wastewater treatment system, the wastewater treatment system includes an anaerobic conditioning tank, a biofilm reaction tank and a biofilm separation tank, and the method may include:
101. through the anaerobic adjusting tank, the adjusting tank is combined with the anaerobic tank, and the organic high molecular pollutants in the sewage flowing in through the grating are decomposed into organic low molecular pollutants by utilizing the degradation capability of the facultative microorganisms and the anaerobic microorganisms, so that the first sewage containing the organic low molecular pollutants is obtained.
FIG. 2 shows a process flow diagram of a wastewater treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is understood that the sewage generated from the residents may be treated by the grating before being transferred to the anaerobic conditioning tank, and then, the grating-treated sewage may be transferred to the anaerobic conditioning tank. The sewage treatment system firstly transmits sewage flowing in through the grating to the anaerobic adjusting tank, the adjusting tank is combined with the anaerobic tank, and organic high-molecular pollutants in the sewage flowing in through the grating are degraded into organic low-molecular pollutants by using facultative microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic adjusting tank, so that first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants can be obtained. The sewage firstly passes through the grating and then enters the anaerobic adjusting tank, organic high molecular pollutants which are difficult to decompose in the sewage are decomposed into organic low molecular pollutants which are easy to decompose by using the degradation capability of the facultative microorganisms and the anaerobic microorganisms, and then the organic low molecular pollutants enter the biomembrane reaction tank.
It is understood that the organic high molecular contaminants may be various complex organic substances in the wastewater, and the organic low molecular contaminants may be methane, carbon dioxide, and the like.
Optionally, through the anaerobic adjusting tank, utilize anaerobic microorganisms's nitrification will the nitrogen ammonia in the sewage turns into nitrogen gas, utilizes aerobic microorganisms's phosphorus accumulation effect, separates out the phosphorus in the sewage, obtains the fourth sewage after handling.
Optionally, the anaerobic adjusting tank may further perform a second treatment on the second treated sewage obtained in step 102. And converting the nitrogen and the ammonia in the treated second sewage into nitrogen by using the nitrification of the anaerobic microorganisms through the anaerobic adjusting tank, and separating phosphorus in the sewage by using the phosphorus accumulation effect of the aerobic microorganisms to obtain the treated fourth sewage.
It should be noted that the single MBR process has the characteristics of simple structure, small floor area, high activated sludge and the like, but has poor denitrification and dephosphorization effects. In the embodiment of the invention, the CDMBR combined double-membrane process comprises the following steps: namely, the regulating tank is combined with the anaerobic tank, the function of the regulating tank is reserved, and meanwhile, the biodegradability of sewage and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency are improved by utilizing the anaerobic condition.
102. And decomposing the first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants into carbon dioxide and water by utilizing the decomposition capacity of aerobic microorganisms through the biomembrane reaction tank to obtain the treated second sewage.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the method may further include: and circularly transmitting the treated second sewage to an anaerobic adjusting tank, and passing through the anaerobic adjusting tank to utilize the nitrification of anaerobic microorganisms to convert the ammonia nitrogen in the treated second sewage into nitrogen, and separating out the phosphorus in the sewage by utilizing the phosphorus accumulation effect of aerobic microorganisms to obtain the treated fourth sewage. It will be appreciated that this part is the specific process of returning the entrapped sludge to the anaerobic conditioning tank for denitrification as described below.
In an exemplary manner, a bioreactor combined with special biological fillers is arranged in the biological membrane reaction tank, a multifunctional biological membrane is cultivated in the bioreactor through biotechnology, and aerobic microorganisms in the biological membrane are utilized to finally decompose pollutants into carbon dioxide and water. Meanwhile, the effluent and the activated sludge which are reacted in the biomembrane reaction tank pass through a circulating system and return to the anaerobic adjusting tank, the nitrification of anaerobic microorganisms is utilized to convert the nitrogen and the ammonia into nitrogen, and the phosphorus is separated from the sewage by utilizing the phosphorus accumulation function of aerobic microorganisms.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the fourth treated sewage is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water by the biofilm reaction tank using the decomposition capability of aerobic microorganisms, so as to obtain fifth treated sewage.
The biological membrane reaction tank is internally provided with a bioreactor of a special biological filler combination, and the bioreactor is used for cultivating multifunctional biological membranes by biotechnology. The multifunctional biological membrane comprises a hollow fiber membrane and a filter cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, wherein the filter cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is a gel layer formed on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane by the first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants; the method may further comprise: and intercepting the first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants by using the hollow fiber membrane and the filter cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane through the biological membrane reaction tank.
It can be understood that the action mechanism of the hollow fiber module of the membrane bioreactor in degrading organic matters is roughly four ways: physical entrapment of the hollow fiber membranes and the cake layer on the membrane surface. The accumulation of the activated sludge intercepted on the membrane surface is caused by the concentration polarization on the membrane surface in the membrane bioreactor to form a porous filter cake layer, namely a membrane is added on the membrane surface with the diameter of 0.1 mu m to form a barrier, so that the soluble micromolecule substances can permeate the hollow fiber membrane and are intercepted in the membrane bioreactor by the blockage of the filter cake layer.
The biological filter is characterized in that a special biological filler can be arranged in the biological membrane reaction stage to form a reverse-granularity filter cake layer, a biological membrane is cultivated in the filter cake layer, part of microorganisms are fixedly grown on the surface of the filler in the form of the biological membrane, and part of microorganisms are flocculent and suspended to grow in water, so that the biological filter has the characteristic advantages of the traditional activated sludge method in the biological filter. When the wastewater passes through the biomembrane reaction stage, organic pollutants in the wastewater are intercepted and decomposed by microorganisms, aerobic bacteria in the wastewater are continuously propagated in the aerobic environment at the stage, so that the concentration and activity of the microorganisms are increased, and anaerobic bacteria are continuously degenerated and die in the aerobic environment at the biomembrane reaction stage, become rich nutrient elements of the aerobic microorganisms and are completely decomposed.
In the examples of the present invention, denitrification: mainly nitrification by aerobic organisms is carried out to oxidize the nitrogen into nitrite and nitrate, denitrification by anoxic organisms is carried out to reduce the nitrogen into nitrogen and discharge the nitrogen; and (3) dephosphorization: mainly, the anaerobic organisms release phosphorus, and the aerobic organisms absorb phosphorus to form phosphorus-containing sludge for discharge.
103. And intercepting the treated second sewage by using an improved polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane and a self-generated dynamic membrane through the biological membrane separation tank to obtain treated third sewage, and refluxing the intercepted sludge to an anaerobic regulation tank to remove nitrogen by using denitrification.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the treated fifth sewage is intercepted by the biomembrane separation tank by using an improved PVDF membrane and an authigenic dynamic membrane, so as to obtain a treated sixth sewage.
In the biomembrane separation stage, the improved PVDF membrane is used as a matrix, the mud-water mixture forms a gel layer on the surface of the membrane to generate a self-generated dynamic membrane, the interception capability of the membrane is improved, and suspended matters, microorganisms and bacteria in the wastewater are intercepted and returned to the biomembrane reaction stage for continuing the biochemical process. Meanwhile, solar energy is converted into electric energy to generate power, and then nascent-state oxyhydrogen radicals are generated in the sewage to decompose and remove organic and inorganic pollutants in the sewage, so that the effluent reaches the standard and is discharged.
After the anaerobic adjusting tank is treated, the treated second sewage can be transferred to the biofilm reaction tank through the water pump, and then the biofilm reaction tank is subjected to related treatment.
In the embodiment of the invention, the reflux: the water flows back to the anaerobic regulating tank from the membrane separation tank to form internal circulation, so that an anaerobic-aerobic alternate environment is created.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the sewage treatment system further comprises a disinfection tank and a reclaimed water recycling tank, and the method further comprises:
104. and disinfecting the treated third sewage through the disinfection tank to obtain disinfected third sewage.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the method further includes: disinfecting the treated sixth sewage through the disinfection tank to obtain disinfected sixth sewage; and conveying the sterilized sixth sewage to the reclaimed water reuse tank.
105. And conveying the disinfected third sewage to the reclaimed water reuse tank.
It is understood that in the sewage treatment system, after the treatment of the anaerobic adjusting tank, the biological membrane reaction tank and the biological membrane separation tank, the disinfection treatment can also be carried out.
Alternatively, in the biofilm reaction stage and the biofilm separation stage shown in fig. 2, the required electric energy source may be a power source provided by solar energy. The solar energy can provide electric energy and does not cause environmental pollution.
It should be noted that steps 104 and 105 are optional steps.
It is understood that in each step of steps 101-105, the anaerobic conditioning tank, the biomembrane reaction tank, the biomembrane separation tank and the disinfection tank can be used for detecting the sewage treated by each tank and transmitting the detection data to the server periodically or in real time. The server can perform centralized management on the detection data of the several stages, and if the standard of sewage treatment is not met, corresponding treatment needs to be performed again. And the data do not need to be acquired on the spot of the sewage treatment system every time, so that the cost is saved.
The sewage treatment system applied by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple process, small occupied area, less investment and low operation cost; the Internet of things and network big data management are used, so that the automation degree is high, and the management and maintenance are easy; the produced sludge is less, and no secondary pollution is caused; the integration is realized, the installation is easy, and the construction period is short; can modularization, the variable frequency formula, construction operation is nimble. Can maintain high-efficiency activated sludge and higher nitrification efficiency, and thoroughly remove pollutants. Good treatment effect, stable water quality and no influence of temperature, climate and season.
The biomembrane and fibrous membrane dynamic separation technology realizes modularization and integration, and can select equipment types according to rural domestic sewage and water quantity. The device has a plurality of models, and can treat sewage with less than 10 tons and more than 200 tons every day. In addition, compared with the traditional process, the process has the advantages of low requirement on the quality of inlet water, strong impact resistance, high sewage treatment efficiency, stable water outlet all the year round, no influence of seasons and surrounding environment, and suitability for the quality of sewage in many villages and towns. The process occupies a very small area, occupies an area of 2-3 square meters per ton of water, and is suitable for most areas.
In the embodiment of the invention, the biomembrane + fiber membrane dynamic separation technology is combined with the fiber membrane dynamic separation technology, the improved fibrous net membrane material is used as a supporting layer, microorganisms can be quickly attached to form the biomembrane to decompose organic pollutants, the improved PVDF membrane is used as a matrix, and the muddy water mixture forms a gel layer on the surface of the membrane to generate the self-generated dynamic membrane, so that the interception capability of the membrane is improved. The autogenous dynamic membrane has the characteristics of high permeability, easy regeneration and easy removal of the membrane. The technical process has the advantages of compact and reasonable structure, small occupied area, configuration of a special solar power generation system, low energy consumption, high efficiency, simple and easy maintenance and operation, low operation cost, effluent reaching the first-level A standard of pollutant discharge Standard of urban wastewater treatment plants GB18918-2002, full application of the technology in rural environment continuous treatment and remarkable application effect.
As shown in fig. 3A, which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a sewage treatment system in an embodiment of the present invention, the sewage treatment system may include: an anaerobic adjusting tank 301, a biological membrane reaction tank 302 and a biological membrane separation tank 303;
the anaerobic adjusting tank 301 is used for combining the adjusting tank with the anaerobic tank through the anaerobic adjusting tank 301, and decomposing organic high molecular pollutants in the sewage flowing in through the grating into organic low molecular pollutants by utilizing the degradation capability of the facultative microorganisms and the anaerobic microorganisms to obtain first sewage containing the organic low molecular pollutants;
a biofilm reaction tank 302, configured to decompose the first wastewater including organic low-molecular pollutants into carbon dioxide and water by utilizing decomposition capability of aerobic microorganisms through the biofilm reaction tank 302 to obtain a second treated wastewater, where a bioreactor with a special biological filler combination is disposed in the biofilm reaction tank, and the bioreactor is used for cultivating a multifunctional biofilm through biotechnology;
and the biological membrane separation tank 303 is used for intercepting the treated second sewage by using an improved polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane and a self-generated dynamic membrane through the biological membrane separation tank 303 to obtain treated third sewage, and the intercepted sludge flows back to the anaerobic regulation tank to remove nitrogen by using denitrification.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention,
the anaerobic adjusting tank 301 is used for converting nitrogen and ammonia in the sewage or the treated second sewage into nitrogen by using the nitrification of the anaerobic microorganisms through the anaerobic adjusting tank 301, and separating phosphorus in the sewage by using the phosphorus accumulation effect of the aerobic microorganisms to obtain treated fourth sewage;
the biomembrane reaction tank 302 is used for decomposing the treated fourth sewage into carbon dioxide and water by utilizing the decomposition capacity of aerobic microorganisms through the biomembrane reaction tank 302 to obtain treated fifth sewage;
and the biological membrane separation tank 303 is used for intercepting the treated fifth sewage by using an improved polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane and an authigenic dynamic membrane through the biological membrane separation tank 303 to obtain the treated sixth sewage.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the biofilm reaction tank further includes a hollow fiber membrane and a cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, where the cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is a gel layer formed on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane by the first wastewater including the organic low-molecular pollutant;
and the biological membrane separation tank 303 is used for intercepting the first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants by using the hollow fiber membrane and the filter cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane through the biological membrane reaction tank 303.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3B, which is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the sewage treatment system in the embodiments of the present invention, the sewage treatment system further includes a disinfection tank 304 and a reclaimed water recycling tank 305;
the disinfection tank 304 is used for disinfecting the treated third sewage through the disinfection tank 304 to obtain disinfected third sewage;
a reclaimed water recycling tank 305 for transferring the disinfected third sewage to the reclaimed water recycling tank 305.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the present invention, the wastewater treatment system further comprises a disinfection tank 304 and a reclaimed water reuse tank 305;
the disinfection tank 304 is used for disinfecting the treated sixth sewage through the disinfection tank 304 to obtain disinfected sixth sewage;
a reclaimed water recycling tank 305 for transferring the sterilized sixth sewage to the reclaimed water recycling tank 305.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The sewage treatment apparatus shown in fig. 4 applied to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 may include:
the device comprises a tank body 1 which is horizontally arranged, a water inlet 2 and a water outlet 3 are correspondingly arranged at two ends of the tank body 1, and a pretreatment region 4, a biological reaction region 6, a biological reaction region 7 and a membrane filtering region 9 are sequentially arranged in the tank body 1 along the direction from the water inlet 2 to the water outlet 3;
the first biological reaction zone 6, the second biological reaction zone 7 and the membrane filtering zone 9 are positioned above the pretreatment channel and are separated by a self-generated dynamic membrane 18, biological membrane fillers 8 are arranged in the first biological reaction zone 6 and the second biological reaction zone 7, and the membrane filtering zone 9 is positioned at one side of the water outlet 3 and is communicated with the water outlet 3; the pretreatment area 4 is a U-shaped pretreatment channel which is formed by a bottom clapboard arranged in the tank body 1 and is respectively separated from the two ends and the bottom in the tank body 1; one end of the pretreatment channel is correspondingly communicated with the water inlet 2, and the other end is connected with a water distribution pipe 5 arranged above the biological reaction zone through a water pipe. The bottom partition plates are respectively parallel and corresponding to the outlines of the two ends and the bottom in the tank body 1, and the distance between the bottom partition plates and the bottom of the tank body 1 is 20 cm;
the bottom of the pretreatment channel is provided with a deposition filter tank 20 with a valve, and the deposition filter tank 20 is vertically arranged relative to the direction of the pretreatment channel and corresponds to the bottom contour of the pretreatment channel in parallel; a drain valve is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the opening of the sedimentation filter tank 20; the sedimentation filter tank 20 is provided with a sieve plate at one side of the shell close to the water outlet 3, and the sieve plate separates the pretreatment channels and is inclined or bent towards one side of the water inlet 2;
wherein, 1-tank 1, 2-water inlet, 3-water outlet, 4-pretreatment zone, 5-water distributor, 6-first biological reaction zone, 7-second biological reaction zone, 8-biological membrane filler, 9-membrane filtration zone, 10-first clapboard, 11-flange valve, 12-filter barrel, 13-water inlet end, 14-air jet pump, 15-water outlet end, 16-second clapboard, 17-third clapboard, 18-autogenous dynamic membrane, 19-automatic valve, 20-deposition filtration tank.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention,
the first biological reaction zone 6 and the second biological reaction zone 7 are separated by a first clapboard 10, and the water distribution pipe 5 is arranged above the first biological reaction zone 6; the first biological reaction zone 6 and the second biological reaction zone 7 are connected through an air jet pump 14 arranged on the outer side of the tank body 1, a water inlet end 13 of the air jet pump 14 extends into the first biological reaction zone 6 and is contained in the filter barrel 12, and the air jet pump 14 is provided with a plurality of water outlet ends 15 and is uniformly arranged at the bottom of the second biological reaction zone 7;
wherein, the bottom of the first biological reaction zone 6 is arranged obliquely downwards, and the lowest part is connected with a flange valve 11 arranged at the bottom of the tank body 1; the bottom of the second biological reaction zone 7 is arranged obliquely downwards, and the lowest part is provided with an automatic valve 19 which can be communicated with the pretreatment zone 4; a second clapboard 16 is also arranged between the second biological reaction zone 7 and the autogenous dynamic membrane 18, the upper end of the second clapboard 16 is obliquely arranged towards one side of the second biological reaction zone 7, and the lower part of the second clapboard 16 is provided with a water passing opening with a screen.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention,
the bottom of the self-generating dynamic membrane 18 is also provided with a third clapboard 17, and the third clapboard 17 is higher than the position of the water outlet. Wherein, the third baffle 17 is used for reducing the direct impact of sewage on the self-generated dynamic membrane 18 and reducing the influence of sediment on the self-generated dynamic membrane 18.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention,
the biomembrane filler 8 is made of zeolite, ceramsite, coke and/or active carbon porous filter materials, and is configured into a reverse-granularity filter layer device according to the particle size and different mass weights of various filter materials.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention,
the distance between the bottom clapboard and the bottom of the tank body 1 is 5-35cm, and the distance can be selected according to actual needs; the tank body 1 is also provided with a working port with a sealing flip cover and an air outlet corresponding to the biological reaction area, and one side of the tank body 1 is provided with a ladder connected with the top of the tank body 1.
As shown in fig. 4, the solid arrows indicate the wastewater flow in the pretreatment process; the hollow arrows indicate the flow of the process water. The pretreatment process comprises the following steps: when the sewage passes through the U-shaped pretreatment channel, the sewage can be preliminarily subjected to sedimentation treatment, and the two ends of the U-shaped pretreatment channel are arranged in a rising manner, so that insoluble suspended solids and floating substances in the sewage can be conveniently sedimentated; meanwhile, the sedimentation filter tank 20 can filter, collect and discharge large-particle objects in the pretreatment channel to complete preliminary purification. And (3) a purification process: the sewage passes through the first biological reaction zone 6, the second biological reaction zone 7 and the membrane filtering zone 9 in sequence, and a biological membrane is formed by cultivating biological membrane fillers 8 in the biological reaction zone, and the organic pollutants in the sewage are subjected to anoxic and aerobic degradation and separation under the action of metabolism of microorganisms on the biological membrane. The autogenous dynamic membrane 18 can filter the biological membrane fallen objects, further purify the water quality to make it meet the filtering requirement, and finally discharge.
It should be noted that the sewage treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 4 may be used to perform the sewage treatment method of the combined dynamic membrane bioreactor shown in FIG. 1. Due to the optimized configuration of the structure and the technology, the sewage treatment device designed by the embodiment of the invention has the following characteristics:
(1) the system completes sewage treatment through a biological membrane and an autogenous dynamic membrane; the pretreatment area, the biological reaction area, the membrane filtration area, the sedimentation filtration tank, the air jet pump and the like are arranged by utilizing the space of the tank body, so that the sewage is circularly treated, particularly various sediments are circularly cleaned, and the self-treatment and self-cleaning of the system are further realized.
(2) The system pretreatment area is arranged along the bottom and two ends of the tank body, and the pretreatment area or the pretreatment channel is arranged in a U-shaped channel by utilizing the body shape characteristics of the tank body, so that the system pretreatment area can be used for pretreatment before entering the biological reaction area, and particularly for anaerobic treatment; the U-shaped pretreatment channel can preliminarily carry out sedimentation treatment on the sewage, and the two ends of the U-shaped pretreatment channel are arranged in a rising manner so as to facilitate the sedimentation of insoluble suspended solids and floating substances in the sewage; thirdly, sediment is deposited and filtered in the pretreatment channel and can be accumulated and collected in the sediment filtering tank along with the flowing of sewage.
(3) The system reduces convection of the first biological reaction area and the second biological reaction area by arranging the air jet pump, so that the purification efficiency is improved; the air jet pump can also improve the oxygen content in water, accelerate the growth of a biological membrane and improve the degradation and separation efficiency of organic pollutants in sewage.
In the embodiment of the invention, a CDMBR combined dynamic membrane integrated sewage treatment system is designed on the basis of the traditional MBR technology, and a pretreatment area, a biological membrane and an authigenic dynamic membrane are arranged in the limited tank body space to complete sewage treatment; even if the sewage is circularly treated, various sediments are cleaned and circulated, the self-treatment and self-cleaning of the system are realized, and the aim of efficiently purifying the sewage is fulfilled. The sewage treatment effect is good, the national first-level A standard is achieved, the structure is compact, the characteristics are distinct, the advantages are prominent, and the beneficial technical reference can be provided for the sewage treatment of vast villages and towns.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, e.g., from one website site, computer, server, or data center, over a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DS L)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) medium to be stored by a computer or a data center integrated server, data center, etc. the computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device including one or more available media such as a magnetic medium, (e.g., a floppy Disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a Solid State medium), a DVD, or a Solid State medium (SSD)).
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The sewage treatment method of the combined dynamic membrane bioreactor is characterized by being applied to a sewage treatment system, wherein the sewage treatment system comprises an anaerobic regulating tank, a biological membrane reaction tank and a biological membrane separation tank, and the method comprises the following steps:
combining the adjusting tank with the anaerobic tank through the anaerobic adjusting tank, and decomposing organic high-molecular pollutants in the sewage flowing in through the grating into organic low-molecular pollutants by using the degradation capability of the facultative microorganisms and the anaerobic microorganisms to obtain first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants;
decomposing the first sewage containing organic low-molecular pollutants into carbon dioxide and water by utilizing the decomposition capacity of aerobic microorganisms through the biological film reaction tank to obtain treated second sewage, wherein a bioreactor with a special biological filler combination is arranged in the biological film reaction tank, and the bioreactor is used for cultivating a multifunctional biological film through biological technology;
and intercepting the treated second sewage by using an improved polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane and a self-generated dynamic membrane through the biological membrane separation tank to obtain treated third sewage, and refluxing the intercepted sludge to an anaerobic regulation tank to remove nitrogen by using denitrification.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the captured sludge is returned to an anaerobic conditioning tank for denitrification, comprising:
converting nitrogen and ammonia in the sewage or the treated second sewage into nitrogen by using the nitrification of the anaerobic microorganisms through the anaerobic adjusting tank, and separating phosphorus in the sewage by using the phosphorus accumulation function of aerobic microorganisms to obtain treated fourth sewage;
decomposing the fourth treated sewage into carbon dioxide and water by utilizing the decomposition capacity of aerobic microorganisms through the biomembrane reaction tank to obtain fifth treated sewage;
and intercepting the treated fifth sewage by using an improved polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF membrane and an authigenic dynamic membrane through the biological membrane separation tank to obtain the treated sixth sewage.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multifunctional biofilm comprises a hollow fiber membrane and a cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, wherein the cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is a gel layer formed on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane by the first wastewater containing the organic low-molecular pollutants; the method further comprises the following steps:
and intercepting the first sewage containing the organic low-molecular pollutants by using the hollow fiber membrane and the filter cake layer on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane through the biological membrane reaction tank.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the wastewater treatment system further comprises a disinfection tank and a reclaimed water reuse tank, the method further comprising:
sterilizing the treated third sewage through the sterilizing tank to obtain sterilized third sewage;
and conveying the disinfected third sewage to the reclaimed water reuse tank.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the wastewater treatment system further comprises a disinfection tank and a reclaimed water reuse tank, the method further comprising:
disinfecting the treated sixth sewage through the disinfection tank to obtain disinfected sixth sewage;
and conveying the sterilized sixth sewage to the reclaimed water reuse tank.
6. A sewage treatment apparatus, which is applied to the sewage treatment method of the combined dynamic membrane bioreactor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and which comprises:
the device comprises a tank body 1 which is horizontally arranged, a water inlet 2 and a water outlet 3 are correspondingly arranged at two ends of the tank body 1, and a pretreatment region 4, a biological reaction region 6, a biological reaction region 7 and a membrane filtering region 9 are sequentially arranged in the tank body 1 along the direction from the water inlet 2 to the water outlet 3;
the first biological reaction zone 6, the second biological reaction zone 7 and the membrane filtering zone 9 are positioned above the pretreatment channel and are separated by a self-generated dynamic membrane 18, biological membrane fillers 8 are arranged in the first biological reaction zone 6 and the second biological reaction zone 7, and the membrane filtering zone 9 is positioned at one side of the water outlet 3 and is communicated with the water outlet 3; the pretreatment area 4 is a U-shaped pretreatment channel which is formed by a bottom clapboard arranged in the tank body 1 and is respectively separated from the two ends and the bottom in the tank body 1; one end of the pretreatment channel is correspondingly communicated with the water inlet 2, and the other end of the pretreatment channel is connected with a water distribution pipe 5 arranged above the biological reaction zone through a water pipe; the bottom partition plates are respectively parallel and corresponding to the outlines of the two ends and the bottom in the tank body 1, and the distance between the bottom partition plates and the bottom of the tank body 1 is 20 cm;
the bottom of the pretreatment channel is provided with a deposition filter tank 20 with a valve, and the deposition filter tank 20 is vertically arranged relative to the direction of the pretreatment channel and corresponds to the bottom contour of the pretreatment channel in parallel; a drain valve is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the opening of the sedimentation filter tank 20; the sedimentation filter tank 20 is provided with a sieve plate at one side of the shell close to the water outlet 3, and the sieve plate separates the pretreatment channels and is arranged in a manner of inclining or bending towards one side of the water inlet 2.
7. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 6,
the first biological reaction zone 6 and the second biological reaction zone 7 are separated by a first clapboard 10, and the water distribution pipe 5 is arranged above the first biological reaction zone 6; the first biological reaction zone 6 and the second biological reaction zone 7 are connected through an air jet pump 14 arranged on the outer side of the tank body 1, a water inlet end 13 of the air jet pump 14 extends into the first biological reaction zone 6 and is contained in the filter barrel 12, and the air jet pump 14 is provided with a plurality of water outlet ends 15 and is uniformly arranged at the bottom of the second biological reaction zone 7;
wherein, the bottom of the first biological reaction zone 6 is arranged obliquely downwards, and the lowest part is connected with a flange valve 11 arranged at the bottom of the tank body 1; the bottom of the second biological reaction zone 7 is arranged obliquely downwards, and the lowest part is provided with an automatic valve 19 which can be communicated with the pretreatment zone 4; a second clapboard 16 is also arranged between the second biological reaction zone 7 and the autogenous dynamic membrane 18, the upper end of the second clapboard 16 is obliquely arranged towards one side of the second biological reaction zone 7, and the lower part of the second clapboard 16 is provided with a water passing opening with a screen.
8. The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 6 or 7,
the bottom of the self-generating dynamic membrane 18 is also provided with a third clapboard 17, and the third clapboard 17 is higher than the position of the water outlet.
9. The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 6 or 7,
the biomembrane filler 8 is made of zeolite, ceramsite, coke and/or active carbon porous filter materials, and is configured into a reverse-granularity filter layer device according to the particle size and different mass weights of various filter materials.
10. The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 6 or 7,
the distance between the bottom clapboard and the bottom of the tank body 1 is 5-35 cm; the tank body 1 is also provided with a working port with a sealing flip cover and an air outlet corresponding to the biological reaction area, and one side of the tank body 1 is provided with a ladder connected with the top of the tank body 1.
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Application publication date: 20200724 |