CN111434882A - Method for establishing one-way drainage gas production channel on oil pipe - Google Patents
Method for establishing one-way drainage gas production channel on oil pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN111434882A CN111434882A CN201910028506.6A CN201910028506A CN111434882A CN 111434882 A CN111434882 A CN 111434882A CN 201910028506 A CN201910028506 A CN 201910028506A CN 111434882 A CN111434882 A CN 111434882A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/10—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for establishing a one-way drainage gas production channel on an oil pipe, and relates to the field of oil and gas field development. The oil pipe punching device adopted by the method comprises an anchoring mechanism and a punching mechanism. The anchoring mechanism comprises an upper sleeve, an upper joint, a slip, an upper driving piece, an upper transmission piece and a cone. The punching mechanism comprises a lower sleeve connected with the cone, a lower joint, a lower driving piece and a punching piece. A check valve structure is arranged in a cavity of the punching piece. The method comprises the steps that an upper driving piece is used for driving a cone to enter and exit from a slip through an upper driving piece, so that the slip is anchored or released on the inner wall of an oil pipe; after the anchoring is finished, the lower driving piece is used for driving the perforating piece to perforate the oil pipe through the lower transmission piece; after the drilling is finished, the drill bit body and the lower transmission piece are disengaged, the oil pipe is discharged from the rest part of the oil pipe drilling device, and the drill bit body is lost in the oil pipe hole, so that a one-way drainage gas production channel is established on the oil pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a method for establishing a one-way drainage gas production channel on an oil pipe.
Background
In order to ensure the safe development of sulfur-containing gas reservoirs, oil pipes are mostly adopted for production wells, for example, corrosion-resistant alloy oil pipes are completed with permanent packers, and as the oil sleeves are not communicated, no process channel is available for carrying out the drainage gas production process. Therefore, the oil pipe needs to be perforated to establish a drainage and gas production process channel on the oil pipe.
In the prior art, a perforating gun is adopted to perforate an oil pipe so as to establish a drainage and gas production process channel on the oil pipe, however, the perforating precision of the perforating gun cannot be accurately controlled, and multiple holes are usually perforated to ensure the perforating success rate, so that the strength of the oil pipe is obviously reduced. In addition, a drainage gas production channel established by the perforating gun can enable corrosive gas-water media in the oil pipe to enter the casing pipe so as to cause corrosion damage.
Therefore, it is necessary to controllably perforate the tubing without workover, and to establish a one-way drainage gas production passage.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for establishing a one-way drainage gas production channel on an oil pipe, which can solve the above technical problems. Specifically, the method comprises the following technical scheme:
a method for establishing a one-way drainage gas production channel on an oil pipe adopts an oil pipe perforating device, and the oil pipe perforating device comprises: an anchoring mechanism and a punching mechanism;
the anchoring mechanism includes: the upper sleeve, the upper joint, the slips are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the upper driving piece, the upper driving piece and the cone are positioned in the upper sleeve; the upper driving piece drives the cone to move up and down through the upper driving piece so that the cone enters or separates from the slips;
the punching mechanism includes: the lower sleeve is connected with the cone, the lower joint is connected with the lower sleeve, the lower driving piece is positioned in the lower sleeve, the lower driving piece is connected with the lower driving piece, and the punching piece is connected with the lower driving piece; the lower driving piece drives the perforating piece to perforate the oil pipe through the lower transmission piece;
the punching member includes: the drill bit body is in threaded connection with the lower transmission piece and is provided with a cavity communicated up and down, and a check valve structure is arranged in the cavity;
the method comprises the following steps: the oil pipe punching device is lowered into an oil pipe to set the punching depth, the upper driving piece is utilized to drive the cone to move up and down through the upper driving piece, so that the cone enters and exits the slips, and the slips are anchored or released on the inner wall of the oil pipe;
the lower driving piece is used for driving the perforating piece to perform perforating operation on the oil pipe at the set perforating depth through the lower transmission piece;
and after the drilling operation is finished, the drill bit body and the lower transmission piece are released, the rest part of the oil pipe drilling device plays an oil outlet pipe, and the drill bit body is lost in an oil pipe hole, so that a one-way drainage gas production channel is established on the oil pipe.
In one possible implementation, the upper drive member includes: an upper controller;
the anchoring motor is electrically connected with the upper controller, and an output shaft of the anchoring motor is along the axial direction of the upper sleeve;
an anchoring speed reducer coaxially connected with an output shaft of the anchoring motor;
the upper power supply module is used for supplying power to the upper controller and the anchoring motor;
the upper transmission member includes: the transmission nut is coaxially connected with the anchoring speed reducer through a coupler;
the upper end of the transmission screw rod is connected with the transmission nut in a threaded manner, and the lower end of the transmission screw rod is connected with the cone.
In one possible implementation, the lower drive comprises: a lower controller;
the rotating motor and the feeding motor are electrically connected with the lower controller, and output shafts of the rotating motor and the feeding motor are along the radial direction of the lower sleeve;
a rotation reducer connected to the rotating motor;
a feed decelerator connected to the feed motor;
and the lower power supply module is used for supplying power to the lower controller, the rotating motor and the feeding motor.
In one possible implementation, the lower transmission comprises: a transmission block;
the first transmission rod is coaxially connected with the rotary speed reducer and penetrates through one end of the transmission block;
the second transmission rod is coaxially connected with the feeding speed reducer and penetrates through the other end of the transmission block;
the third transmission rod is meshed with the rotary speed reducer and the feeding speed reducer and is in threaded connection with the middle of the transmission block, and the bottom end of the third transmission rod is rotatably limited on the inner wall of the lower sleeve;
the upper part of the outer wall of the first transmission rod is provided with a limiting step, and the transmission block is seated on the limiting step;
the punching piece is connected with the lower end of the first transmission rod.
In one possible implementation, the rotational speed reducer includes: the first gears are sequentially meshed, the first gear positioned at the head part is coaxially connected with the rotating motor, and the first gear positioned at the tail part is coaxially connected with the upper end of the first transmission rod;
the feed decelerator includes: the second gears are positioned at the head part and coaxially connected with the upper end of the second transmission rod, and the second gears positioned at the tail part and the feeding motor are coaxially connected.
In one possible implementation, the third transmission rod includes: the tooth section, the thread section and the limiting end are sequentially formed from top to bottom;
both sides of the tooth section are simultaneously meshed with the first gear and the second gear;
the threaded section is in threaded connection with the transmission block;
the limiting end is positioned in a limiting groove on the inner wall of the lower sleeve.
In one possible implementation, before the tubing perforating device is lowered into the tubing, the method further includes: acquiring operation data, and determining operation parameters of the oil pipe punching device according to the operation data;
the method comprises the steps of detecting the functions of the oil pipe punching device, ensuring the reliability of the oil pipe punching device, simultaneously respectively setting the time delay starting time of an anchoring mechanism and the time delay starting time of a punching mechanism, and respectively controlling the starting operation of the anchoring mechanism and the starting operation of the punching mechanism according to the time delay starting time.
In one possible implementation, before the tubing perforating device is lowered into the tubing, the method further includes: and carrying out simulated construction drifting operation by adopting a simulated drifting tool, so that the simulated drifting tool is communicated to the set drilling depth of the oil pipe to be less than 20 m.
In one possible implementation, the effective length of the simulated drift tool is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the effective length of the tubing perforating device;
the maximum outer diameter of the simulation drifting tool is 2mm-3mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the oil pipe punching device.
In one possible implementation, the tubing perforating device and the simulated drifting tool are each passed through a well section from the wellhead to a depth of 100m at a speed of less than 15 m/min;
and when the well section passes through the variable diameter position of the oil pipe or the change amplitude of the well inclination angle exceeds a threshold value, reducing the lowering speed of the oil pipe punching device and the simulated drifting tool to be less than 30m/min at least 100m ahead.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
according to the method for establishing the one-way drainage gas production channel on the oil pipe, the oil pipe punching device is used for punching the oil pipe, when the method is applied, the oil pipe punching device is lowered into the oil pipe to set the punching depth, the upper driving piece drives the cone to move up and down through the upper driving piece, the cone enters and exits the slips, the slips are anchored or released on the inner wall of the oil pipe, and the oil pipe punching device is positioned in the oil pipe. And the lower driving piece is utilized to drive the perforating piece to perforate the oil pipe at the set perforating depth through the lower transmission piece. After the drilling operation is finished, the drill bit body is in threaded connection with the lower transmission piece, so that the drill bit body and the lower transmission piece are disengaged, the rest part of the oil pipe drilling device plays a role of an oil outlet pipe, the drill bit body is lost in an oil pipe hole, and a one-way drainage gas production channel is established on the oil pipe. Therefore, according to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the oil pipe punching precision is accurately controlled by using the oil pipe punching device, the punching success rate is improved, the operation cost and the construction risk are favorably reduced, and the integrity of a shaft can be ensured. And through releasing operation after punching, the drill bit body with the check valve structure is lost in a drilled oil pipe hole, and the cavity is formed in the drill bit body so that the oil sleeve is communicated to establish a drainage gas production channel, and the check valve structure is arranged in the cavity, so that the drainage gas production channel can realize a one-way isolation function, and corrosive gas-water media in the oil pipe can be prevented from entering the sleeve to cause corrosion damage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil pipe perforating device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection relationship between the lower driving member and the lower transmission member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals denote:
1-an anchoring mechanism, wherein the anchoring mechanism is provided with a plurality of anchoring grooves,
101-upper sleeve, 102-upper joint, 103-slips, 104-upper drive,
1041-upper controller, 1042-anchoring motor, 1043-anchoring reducer, 1044-upper power supply module,
105-upper transmission piece, 1051-transmission nut, 1052-transmission screw, 106-cone, 107-coupler,
2-a hole punching mechanism, 201-a lower sleeve, 202-a lower joint,
203-down drive, 2031-down controller, 2032-rotating machine, 2033-feed machine,
2034-rotation reducer, 2035-feed reducer, 2036-lower power supply module, 204-lower transmission,
2041-a transmission block, 2042-a first transmission rod, 2043-a second transmission rod, 2044-a third transmission rod,
205-punch.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will describe embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for establishing a one-way drainage gas production channel on an oil pipe, which adopts an oil pipe perforating device, as shown in the attached figure 1, the oil pipe perforating device comprises: an anchoring mechanism 1 and a punching mechanism 2. Wherein, anchoring mechanism 1 includes: the slip type pipe comprises an upper sleeve 101, an upper joint 102 and slips 103 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and an upper driving member 104, an upper transmission member 105 and a cone 106, wherein the upper driving member 104, the upper transmission member 105 and the cone 106 are located inside the upper sleeve 101, the upper transmission member 105 is connected with the upper driving member 104, and the cone 106 is connected with the upper transmission member 105. Wherein the upper driving member 104 drives the cone 106 to move up and down through the upper driving member 105, so that the cone 106 enters or leaves the slips 103. The punching mechanism 2 includes: a lower sleeve 201 connected with the cone 106, a lower joint 202 connected with the lower sleeve 201, a lower driving member 203 positioned inside the lower sleeve 201, a lower driving member 204 connected with the lower driving member 203, and a punching member 205 connected with the lower driving member 204. Wherein, the lower driving member 203 drives the perforating member 205 to perforate the oil pipe through the lower driving member 204. Wherein, punch piece 205 includes: and the drill bit body is in threaded connection with the lower transmission piece 204 and is provided with a cavity which is communicated up and down, and a check valve structure is arranged in the cavity.
The method comprises the following steps: the oil pipe perforating device is lowered into the oil pipe to set the perforating depth, the upper driving piece 104 drives the cone 106 to move up and down through the upper driving piece 105, so that the cone 106 enters and exits the slips 103, the slips 103 are anchored or released on the inner wall of the oil pipe, and the oil pipe perforating device is positioned in the oil pipe;
the lower driving piece 203 is used for driving the perforating piece 205 through the lower transmission piece 204 to perforate the oil pipe at the set perforating depth;
after the drilling operation is finished, the drill bit body and the lower transmission piece 204 are disengaged, the rest part of the oil pipe drilling device is used for producing the oil pipe, the drill bit body is lost in the oil pipe hole, and therefore a one-way drainage gas production channel is established on the oil pipe.
According to the method for establishing the one-way drainage gas production channel on the oil pipe, the oil pipe punching device is used for punching the oil pipe, when the method is applied, the oil pipe punching device is lowered into the oil pipe to set the punching depth by using a steel wire or a cable, the upper driving piece 104 drives the cone 106 to move up and down through the upper driving piece 105, so that the cone 106 enters and exits the slip 103, the slip 103 is anchored or is released on the inner wall of the oil pipe, and the oil pipe punching device can be positioned in the oil pipe when being anchored. After the anchoring is completed, the lower driving piece 203 drives the perforating piece 205 through the lower transmission piece 204 to perforate the oil pipe at the set perforating depth. After the drilling operation is finished, the drill bit body is in threaded connection with the lower transmission piece 204, so that the drill bit body is disengaged from the lower transmission piece 204, the rest part of the oil pipe drilling device plays a role of an oil outlet pipe, the drill bit body is lost in an oil pipe hole, and a one-way drainage gas production channel is established on the oil pipe. Therefore, according to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the oil pipe punching precision is accurately controlled by using the oil pipe punching device, the punching success rate is improved, the operation cost and the construction risk are favorably reduced, and the integrity of a shaft can be ensured. And through releasing operation after punching, the drill bit body with the check valve structure is lost in a drilled oil pipe hole, and the cavity is formed in the drill bit body so that the oil sleeve is communicated to establish a drainage gas production channel, and the check valve structure is arranged in the cavity, so that the drainage gas production channel can realize a one-way isolation function, and corrosive gas-water media in the oil pipe can be prevented from entering the sleeve to cause corrosion damage.
For the oil pipe perforating device provided by the embodiment of the invention, as shown in the attached figure 1, the outer layer structure of the oil pipe perforating device comprises: the upper sleeve 101, the upper joint 102, the slips 103 and the cone 106 are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the lower sleeve 201 is connected with the cone 106, and the lower joint 202 is connected with the lower sleeve 201. Wherein, top connection 102 is used for realizing being connected of upper sleeve 101 and slips 103, and lower clutch 202 is used for the bottom of shutoff lower sleeve 201, realizes the stability spacing to inside each part of lower sleeve 201.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the slips 103 may include: the oil pipe perforating device comprises a cylindrical connecting section and a radial telescopic section which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the cylindrical connecting section can be fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the upper joint 102, the radial telescopic section can respectively realize radial expansion or radial retraction to the original position when a cone 106 enters or exits, and in order to improve the anchoring effect, a tooth-shaped structure is arranged on the outer wall of the radial telescopic section so that the oil pipe perforating device can be stably anchored on the inner wall of an oil pipe.
The outer diameter of the cone 106 is gradually increased from top to bottom, and when the cone moves upwards to enter the radially telescopic section, the slips 103 can be expanded to realize anchoring; when the cone 106 moves downward and gradually exits the radially telescoping section, the slips 103 can be retracted to the original position, thereby achieving the purpose of releasing the anchor.
In one possible example, the radially-extendable and retractable section may include: the arc-shaped laths are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, wherein the distance between every two adjacent arc-shaped laths is the same. It will be appreciated that the arcuate strips are circumferentially curved, for example to conform to the curvature of the inner wall of the tubing, to facilitate stable anchoring. The arc-shaped strip plate is in a long strip shape along the axial direction.
Further, the inner diameter of the lower end of the radial telescopic section can be gradually increased from top to bottom so as to be matched with the structure of the cone 106 with the outer diameter gradually increased from top to bottom, so that the cone 106 can conveniently and smoothly enter the slip 103, and the radial extrusion on the slip 103 cannot be influenced.
As an example, as shown in fig. 1, the upper drive member 104 includes: an upper controller 1041; an anchoring motor 1042 electrically connected with the upper controller 1041, and an output shaft of the anchoring motor 1042 is along an axial direction of the upper sleeve 101; an anchor reducer 1043 coaxially connected to an output shaft of the anchor motor 1042; and an upper power supply module 1044 for supplying power to the upper controller 1041 and the anchoring motor 1042.
When the anchor reducer 1043 is applied, the upper controller 1041 controls the operation of the anchor motor 1042 at a specific time, the output shaft of the anchor motor 1042 drives the anchor reducer 1043 to rotate, and the rotation is converted into the linear motion of the cone 106 through the upper transmission member 105. It is understood that the upper controller 1041 is internally provided with a preset program, which can start the anchor motor 1042 at a predetermined time and control the forward rotation or reverse rotation of the anchor motor 1042.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the upper transmission member 105 includes: a drive nut 1051 coaxially connected to the anchoring reducer 1043 through the coupling 107; a drive screw 1052 whose upper end is screwed with the drive nut 1051, and the lower end of the drive screw 1052 is connected with the cone 106.
The anchoring reducer 1043 can drive the transmission nut 1051 to rotate together when rotating, and because the transmission nut 1051 is in threaded connection with the transmission screw 1052, the transmission screw 1052 can be driven to move (move up and down) along the axial direction of the transmission nut 1051, and the transmission screw 1052 can further drive the cone 106 to move up and down.
In a possible example, the upper power supply module 1044, the upper controller 1041, the anchoring motor 1042, the anchoring reducer 1043, the coupler 107, and the transmission nut 1051 sequentially abut against each other from top to bottom and are located inside the upper sleeve 101, and since the transmission nut 1051 needs to rotate in situ, that is, it does not displace in the axial direction, a limit step may be provided on the upper joint 102, and the coupler 107 and the limit step are used to limit two ends of the transmission nut 1051, so as to limit the transmission nut 1051 in the axial direction.
In an embodiment of the present invention, cone 106 includes: the conical section is connected with the drive screw 1052, and the outer diameter of the conical section is gradually increased from top to bottom. Cone 106 further includes: a cylindrical section connected to the conical section and connected to the lower sleeve 201.
Anchoring or un-anchoring is achieved by the cone segments entering or exiting the slips 103. The connection of the anchoring mechanism 1 and the punching mechanism 2 is realized by using the cylindrical section to connect with the lower sleeve 201. Wherein the cylindrical section may be cylindrical and it may be fixedly sleeved within the lower sleeve 201.
In order to drive the drilling member 205 to drill the oil pipe by the lower driving member 203, the drilling member 205 must have a feeding operation along the radial direction of the oil pipe, and in order to achieve the purpose, as shown in fig. 1, the lower driving member 203 provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises: a lower controller 2031; a rotary motor 2032 and a feed motor 2033 electrically connected to the lower controller 2031, and output shafts of the rotary motor 2032 and the feed motor 2033 are both along a radial direction of the lower sleeve 201; a rotation reducer 2034 connected to the rotating electric machine 2032; a feed decelerator 2035 connected to the feed motor 2033; a lower power supply module 2036 for supplying power to the lower controller 2031, the rotary motor 2032, and the feed motor 2033.
It is understood that the lower controller 2013 is internally programmed to turn on or off the rotation motor 2032 and the feed motor 2033 at predetermined times, respectively, and to control the forward rotation or reverse rotation of the rotation motor 2032 and the feed motor 2033, respectively.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the lower transmission member 204 includes: a transmission block 2041; a first transmission rod 2042 coaxially connected to the rotation reducer 2034 and passing through one end of the transmission block 2041; a second transmission rod 2043 coaxially connected to the feed reducer 2035 and passing through the other end of the transmission block 2041; a third transmission rod 2044 which is engaged with the rotary speed reducer 2034 and the feed speed reducer 2035 and is in threaded connection with the middle part of the transmission block 2041, and the bottom end of the third transmission rod 2044 is rotatably limited on the inner wall of the lower sleeve 201; a limit step is arranged at the upper part of the outer wall of the first transmission rod 2042, and the transmission block 2041 is seated on the limit step; the punch 205 is connected to a lower end of the first driving rod 2042.
When the punching operation is performed, the lower controller 2031 controls the feeding motor 2033 to drive the feeding reducer 2035 to rotate, the feeding reducer 2035 is engaged with the third transmission rod 2044, so that the third transmission rod 2044 can be driven to rotate in the rotating process, and the transmission block 2041 in threaded connection with the third transmission rod can move along the axial direction of the third transmission rod because the bottom end of the third transmission rod is rotatably limited on the inner wall of the lower sleeve 201. Because the transmission block 2041 is seated on the limit step on the first transmission rod 2042, the axial movement of the transmission block 2041 can drive the first transmission rod 2042 to axially move (for example, when the transmission block 2041 moves downward, the transmission block presses the first transmission rod 2042 downward, and then when the transmission block 2041 moves upward, the first transmission rod 2042 can move upward to return to the original position), and when the first transmission rod 2042 moves downward, the downward pre-pressure can be provided to the punching element 205 at the lower end of the first transmission rod.
Meanwhile, the lower controller 2031 further controls the rotating motor 2032 to drive the rotating reducer 2034 to rotate, and since the rotating reducer 2034 is coaxially connected to the first driving rod 2042 and the hole-punching member 205 is connected to the lower end of the first driving rod 2042, a rotating force can be provided to the hole-punching member 205, and the hole-punching member 205 can perform a hole-punching operation on the oil pipe under the combined action of the pre-pressure and the rotating force.
In order to obtain a suitable punching rotation speed, as shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the rotation reducer 2034 includes: a plurality of first gears engaged in sequence, the first gear located at the head is coaxially connected to the rotating motor 2032, and the first gear located at the tail is coaxially connected to the upper end of the first transmission rod 2042. Meanwhile, the feed decelerator 2035 includes: a plurality of second gears engaged in sequence, the second gear located at the head is coaxially connected to the upper end of the second transmission rod 2043, and the second gear located at the tail is coaxially connected to the feeding motor 2033.
The direction from the head to the tail is the direction from top to bottom in the embodiment of the present invention.
In one possible example, the number of the first gears may be 3, and the number of the second gears may be 3.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the third driving rod 2044 includes: the tooth section, the thread section and the limiting end are formed from top to bottom in sequence. Wherein, two sides of the tooth section are simultaneously meshed with the first gear and the second gear; the threaded section is in threaded connection with the transmission block 2041; the limiting end is positioned in a limiting groove on the inner wall of the lower sleeve 201. So set up, when the feed motor 2033 starts, the third transmission rod 2044 can rotate in situ under the drive thereof, and then the transmission block 2041 is driven to move up and down.
Research finds that a channel established by a perforation mode provided by the prior art does not have a one-way isolation function, corrosive gas-water medium in an oil pipe can enter a casing to cause corrosion damage, and the integrity of a shaft is not facilitated, and in order to solve the technical problem, the perforation piece 205 provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: and the drill bit body is in threaded connection with the lower end of the first transmission rod 2042, wherein the drill bit body is provided with a cavity which is communicated up and down, and a check valve structure is arranged in the cavity.
After the piece 205 punches and imbeds the oil pipe hole to the oil pipe inner wall, can make rotating electrical machines 2032 antiport, drive first transfer line 2042 antiport promptly, because first transfer line 2042 lower extreme and the drill bit body threaded connection of the piece 205 that punches, its antiport can realize the dropout between first transfer line 2042 and the drill bit body to the piece 205 that will punch is lost in the oil pipe downthehole and is carried out normal operation with the operation tubular column, it can with the remaining part play pit shaft outside of oil pipe perforating device. In addition, because the drill bit body is provided with the cavity so as to communicate the oil sleeve, and the cavity is internally provided with the check valve structure, the one-way isolation function can be realized, and corrosive gas-water media in the oil pipe can be prevented from entering the sleeve to cause corrosion damage.
The check valve structure arranged in the drill bit body can refer to a check valve commonly used in the field as long as the one-way isolation function can be realized, and the specific structure of the check valve structure is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the invention.
Based on the oil pipe perforating device, the method for establishing the one-way drainage gas production channel on the oil pipe provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps: before the oil pipe perforating device is put into an oil pipe, operation data are obtained, and operation parameters of the oil pipe perforating device are determined according to the operation data.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out function detection on the oil pipe punching device, ensuring the reliability of the oil pipe punching device, simultaneously respectively setting the time delay starting time of the anchoring mechanism and the time delay starting time of the punching mechanism, and respectively controlling the starting operation of the anchoring mechanism and the starting operation of the punching mechanism according to the time delay starting time.
The acquisition of the operation data includes, but is not limited to: collecting data of formation pressure, well temperature, well body structure, oil layer casing parameters, gas component analysis, formation water component analysis, wellhead device, specification and model of oil pipe, and determining temperature grade, pressure grade, tool material and overall dimension of the oil pipe perforating device.
Determining the operation parameters of the oil pipe perforating device according to the operation data can include: and determining the actual requirements of the site drainage gas production process according to the operation data, and further determining the diameter, the length and the inner drift diameter of the perforating piece.
Carry out the function detection to oil pipe perforating device, ensure oil pipe perforating device's reliability, include but not limited to: before operation, the power supply voltage, the anchoring mechanism and the punching mechanism of the oil pipe punching device are checked, particularly the initial state of a punching piece is checked, the whole functionality test is carried out, and the oil pipe punching device is ensured to be in good function before entering a well.
The following examples are provided for how to set the time delay starting time of the anchoring mechanism and the punching mechanism: t is t when the oil pipe perforating device is lowered to the designed depth of the oil pipe in the steel wire/cable operation1With a safety reserve duration of t2(generally 20-30 minutes), the delayed start time T of the anchoring mechanism1＝t1+t2Time T is long when time delay of mechanism of punching starts2＝T1+t2。
In order to ensure the smooth running of the oil pipe perforating device, the simulation drifting construction operation can be carried out, namely, before the oil pipe perforating device is run into the oil pipe, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps: and carrying out simulated construction drifting operation by adopting the simulated drifting tool, wherein the simulated drifting tool is led to the set drilling depth of the oil pipe to be less than 20 meters, for example, the simulated drifting tool is led to the set drilling depth of the oil pipe to be 20 meters, 25 meters, 30 meters and the like. The simulation construction drifting operation can be repeatedly operated for 3-5 times, and the resistance-free operation is qualified.
Further, in order to improve the drifting effect, the effective length of the simulation drifting tool is more than or equal to 1.2 times of the effective length of the oil pipe punching device; the maximum outer diameter of the simulation drifting tool is 2mm-3mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the oil pipe punching device.
In the process of putting the simulation drifting tool and the oil pipe punching device in, in order to ensure that the tool string is smoothly put in, the oil pipe punching device and the simulation drifting tool respectively pass through a well section (namely an oil pipe section) with the depth of 100m from a well mouth at the speed of less than 15 m/min. Further, when the well section with the variable diameter position of the oil pipe or the change amplitude of the well inclination angle exceeding the threshold value passes, the lowering speed of the oil pipe punching device and the simulated drifting tool is reduced to be less than 30m/min at least 100m ahead.
The oil pipe punching device stops being put down to the set punching depth and is arranged at T1In time, the anchoring mechanism is anchored on the inner wall of the oil pipe at T2In time, the operations of punching oil pipes, embedding punched parts, releasing punched parts and the like are finished through the punching mechanism, and waiting time T is up3And after finishing, pulling out the rest part of the oil pipe perforating device.
The waiting time period of the punching job may be determined as follows: if the indoor simulation test is used for punching t3Safe reservation of time duration t4(20-30 minutes can be used), the waiting time T of the punching operation is shortened3＝t3+t4。
Furthermore, after the rest part of the oil pipe punching device is lifted out, whether the punching piece is successfully released is checked, and normal operation of the punching piece in the oil pipe hole is ensured.
And finally, recovering the wellhead, testing the punching effect by adopting a positive gas lift mode and a reverse gas lift mode, closely paying attention to wellhead oil casing pressure change, and verifying the reliability of the method.
The above description is only for facilitating the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for establishing a one-way drainage gas production channel on an oil pipe is characterized in that an oil pipe perforating device is adopted, and the oil pipe perforating device comprises: an anchoring mechanism and a punching mechanism;
the anchoring mechanism includes: the upper sleeve, the upper joint, the slips are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the upper driving piece, the upper driving piece and the cone are positioned in the upper sleeve; the upper driving piece drives the cone to move up and down through the upper driving piece so that the cone enters or separates from the slips;
the punching mechanism includes: the lower sleeve is connected with the cone, the lower joint is connected with the lower sleeve, the lower driving piece is positioned in the lower sleeve, the lower driving piece is connected with the lower driving piece, and the punching piece is connected with the lower driving piece; the lower driving piece drives the perforating piece to perforate the oil pipe through the lower transmission piece;
the punching member includes: the drill bit body is in threaded connection with the lower transmission piece and is provided with a cavity communicated up and down, and a check valve structure is arranged in the cavity;
the method comprises the following steps: the oil pipe punching device is lowered into an oil pipe to set the punching depth, the upper driving piece is utilized to drive the cone to move up and down through the upper driving piece, so that the cone enters and exits the slips, and the slips are anchored or released on the inner wall of the oil pipe;
the lower driving piece is used for driving the perforating piece to perform perforating operation on the oil pipe at the set perforating depth through the lower transmission piece;
and after the drilling operation is finished, the drill bit body and the lower transmission piece are released, the rest part of the oil pipe drilling device plays an oil outlet pipe, and the drill bit body is lost in an oil pipe hole, so that a one-way drainage gas production channel is established on the oil pipe.
2. The method of establishing a one-way drainage gas recovery passageway in an oil pipe of claim 1, wherein the upper drive member comprises: an upper controller;
the anchoring motor is electrically connected with the upper controller, and an output shaft of the anchoring motor is along the axial direction of the upper sleeve;
an anchoring speed reducer coaxially connected with an output shaft of the anchoring motor;
the upper power supply module is used for supplying power to the upper controller and the anchoring motor;
the upper transmission member includes: the transmission nut is coaxially connected with the anchoring speed reducer through a coupler;
the upper end of the transmission screw rod is connected with the transmission nut in a threaded manner, and the lower end of the transmission screw rod is connected with the cone.
3. The method of establishing a one-way drainage gas recovery passageway on an oil pipe of claim 1, wherein the lower drive comprises: a lower controller;
the rotating motor and the feeding motor are electrically connected with the lower controller, and output shafts of the rotating motor and the feeding motor are along the radial direction of the lower sleeve;
a rotation reducer connected to the rotating motor;
a feed decelerator connected to the feed motor;
and the lower power supply module is used for supplying power to the lower controller, the rotating motor and the feeding motor.
4. A method of establishing a one-way drainage gas recovery passageway in an oil pipe as claimed in claim 3, wherein the lower drive member comprises: a transmission block;
the first transmission rod is coaxially connected with the rotary speed reducer and penetrates through one end of the transmission block;
the second transmission rod is coaxially connected with the feeding speed reducer and penetrates through the other end of the transmission block;
the third transmission rod is meshed with the rotary speed reducer and the feeding speed reducer and is in threaded connection with the middle of the transmission block, and the bottom end of the third transmission rod is rotatably limited on the inner wall of the lower sleeve;
the upper part of the outer wall of the first transmission rod is provided with a limiting step, and the transmission block is seated on the limiting step;
the punching piece is connected with the lower end of the first transmission rod.
5. The method of establishing a one-way drainage gas recovery passageway on an oil pipe of claim 4, wherein the rotational retarder comprises: the first gears are sequentially meshed, the first gear positioned at the head part is coaxially connected with the rotating motor, and the first gear positioned at the tail part is coaxially connected with the upper end of the first transmission rod;
the feed decelerator includes: the second gears are positioned at the head part and coaxially connected with the upper end of the second transmission rod, and the second gears positioned at the tail part and the feeding motor are coaxially connected.
6. The method of establishing a one-way drainage gas recovery passageway in an oil pipe of claim 5, wherein the third drive link comprises: the tooth section, the thread section and the limiting end are sequentially formed from top to bottom;
both sides of the tooth section are simultaneously meshed with the first gear and the second gear;
the threaded section is in threaded connection with the transmission block;
the limiting end is positioned in a limiting groove on the inner wall of the lower sleeve.
7. A method of establishing a one-way drainage gas recovery passageway in a tubing string as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein prior to running the tubing perforating unit into the tubing string, the method further comprises: acquiring operation data, and determining operation parameters of the oil pipe punching device according to the operation data;
the method comprises the steps of detecting the functions of the oil pipe punching device, ensuring the reliability of the oil pipe punching device, simultaneously respectively setting the time delay starting time of an anchoring mechanism and the time delay starting time of a punching mechanism, and respectively controlling the starting operation of the anchoring mechanism and the starting operation of the punching mechanism according to the time delay starting time.
8. The method of establishing a one-way drainage gas recovery passageway in a tubing string of claim 7, wherein prior to running the tubing perforating device into the tubing string, the method further comprises: and carrying out simulated construction drifting operation by adopting a simulated drifting tool, so that the simulated drifting tool is communicated to the set drilling depth of the oil pipe to be less than 20 m.
9. The method of establishing a one-way drainage gas production passage on a tubing of claim 8, wherein the effective length of the simulated drift tool is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the effective length of the tubing perforating device;
the maximum outer diameter of the simulation drifting tool is 2mm-3mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the oil pipe punching device.
10. The method of establishing a one-way drainage gas recovery passageway on a tubing of claim 8, wherein the tubing perforating device and the simulated drifting tool are each passed through a well section of well head to a depth of 100m at a speed of less than 15 m/min;
and when the well section passes through the variable diameter position of the oil pipe or the change amplitude of the well inclination angle exceeds a threshold value, reducing the lowering speed of the oil pipe punching device and the simulated drifting tool to be less than 30m/min at least 100m ahead.
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