CN109236185B - Radial horizontal well drilling device and drilling method thereof - Google Patents
Radial horizontal well drilling device and drilling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109236185B CN109236185B CN201810884345.6A CN201810884345A CN109236185B CN 109236185 B CN109236185 B CN 109236185B CN 201810884345 A CN201810884345 A CN 201810884345A CN 109236185 B CN109236185 B CN 109236185B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/20—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/02—Rod or cable suspensions
- E21B19/04—Hooks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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Abstract
The invention relates to a radial horizontal well drilling device and a drilling method thereof, wherein the device comprises a suspension feeding part, a power boosting part, a continuous drilling part and a sliding sealing part, wherein the suspension feeding part can be movably arranged at the wellhead of a vertical well with a sealed top, the top of the power boosting part can be detachably connected to the suspension feeding part, the bottom of the power boosting part is communicated with the continuous drilling part with a flexible drilling function, and the power boosting part can increase the pressure of fluid entering the continuous drilling part; the continuous drilling part is used for drilling a radial horizontal well, and the sliding sealing part can slidably seal the space above the continuous drilling part. The radial horizontal well drilling device and the drilling method thereof adopt a mode of discontinuous oil pipe drilling operation, avoid the problems caused by the operation of a continuous oil pipe operating machine, have simple structure and low cost, can safely and efficiently complete the horizontal well construction process, and are beneficial to the wider application of the horizontal well technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation, in particular to a radial horizontal well drilling device for discontinuous oil pipe drilling operation and a drilling method thereof.
Background
The unconventional energy sources (shale gas, coal bed gas, geothermal energy and the like) in China are rich, and the unconventional natural gas is not applicable to the conventional exploitation mode because the gathering mechanism of the unconventional natural gas is different from that of the conventional oil gas; the development of geothermal resources is also under continuous research, but the technical means such as hydraulic fracturing are not very effective, so that an efficient and economic technical means is urgently needed for exploitation.
With the continuous development of well drilling and completion technology, complex well types based on horizontal wells are gradually researched and developed, and a theoretical basis is provided for the exploitation of unconventional energy in China. The success of the American shale gas revolution is brought by the breakthrough of the horizontal well technology, the possibility of exploiting unconventional natural gas by the horizontal well is proved, the U-shaped well is considered to be a better well for exploiting geothermal energy at present, and the geothermal recovery efficiency can be effectively improved by injecting one water into two wells and extracting one water from two wells. At present, 70% of oil and gas exploitation in China comes from old wells, conventional oil and gas reservoir exploitation is no longer a main part, the recovery ratio of the old wells is improved, and a schedule is provided for developing marginal oil reservoirs and thin oil reservoirs. The radial horizontal well can be used for building trees greatly in the aspects of unconventional energy sources, improving the recovery ratio of old wells and the like, and once the trees break through, the process of energy development in China can be greatly promoted.
The radial horizontal well is that the steering from vertical to horizontal is completed within an ultra-short radius of 0.3m, the key technical index is the length of horizontal section drilling, and at present, it is determined that the coiled tubing is adopted as a drilling pipe column and a high-pressure hose is adopted as a horizontal feeding pipe column. But the coiled tubing drilling can only be carried out by using a coiled tubing operation machine at present. The coiled tubing operation machine has high operation cost and relatively inconvenient transportation, and the problems of out-of-control roller runaway, broken coiled tubing at the lower part of the injection head, slipping of the injection head and the like are easy to occur during field operation; when the coiled tubing operation machine is used for operation, the coiled tubing must be long enough, the length of the coiled tubing is generally kilometer level, so that a section of spiral section is always left on the ground, and the pressure loss in the whole circulation process is increased; in addition, the pressure bearing of the coiled tubing is not higher than 70MPa, so that the running depth of the coiled tubing is limited, and the coiled tubing is limited to be drilled in a high-pressure stratum. The coiled tubing is mainly limited to simple application of a straight tubing section in China, on one hand, the field equipment of most of domestic oil fields is incomplete, the process is incomplete, the supply of accessories is not timely in the using process, the technical knowledge of the coiled tubing is not popularized in the oil field, and constructors are not familiar with the correct using method of the coiled tubing drilling machine; on the other hand, the annual workload of the domestic existing coiled tubing equipment cannot reach the operation capacity. Considering the influence of conventional operation and coiled tubing operation on the yield, the cost of coiled tubing operation is high, and the coiled tubing operation is not favored by various oil fields. The above severely limits the wide application of coiled tubing as a drilling string for horizontal wells.
In order to meet the requirements of unconventional energy development and old well re-development and overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a radial horizontal well drilling device and a drilling method thereof according to the experience of researching and developing horizontal wells and coiled tubing for many years.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a radial horizontal well drilling device and a drilling method thereof, which solve the problems of high operation cost, large length of a coiled tubing, limited bearing pressure and the like of the coiled tubing operation machine in the prior art.
The invention aims to realize the purpose, and the radial horizontal well drilling device comprises a suspended feeding part, a power boosting part, a continuous drilling part and a sliding sealing part, wherein the suspended feeding part can be movably arranged at the wellhead of a vertical well with a sealed top, the top of the power boosting part is detachably connected to the suspended feeding part, the bottom of the power boosting part is communicated with the continuous drilling part with a flexible drilling function, and the power boosting part can increase the pressure of fluid entering the continuous drilling part; the continuous drilling part is used for drilling a radial horizontal well, and the sliding sealing part can slidably seal the space above the continuous drilling part.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sliding sealing portion includes a through thickened oil pipe which can be fixedly disposed in the vertical well, the thickened oil pipe is internally sealed and slidably abutted to a rubber plug slider, a through fluid via hole is disposed on the rubber plug slider, the top of the rubber plug slider is hung on the hanging feeding portion, and the bottom of the rubber plug slider is communicated with the power boosting portion.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the continuous drilling portion includes a high pressure hose capable of being hermetically communicated with the bottom of the power pressurizing portion, and a bottom opening of the high pressure hose is communicated with a high pressure nozzle capable of spraying high pressure fluid to drill a radial horizontal well.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the continuous drilling portion further includes a screw pump capable of being disposed at the bottom of the power pressurizing portion, a flexible shaft having flexibility is disposed at the bottom of the screw pump in a downward extending manner, and a drill capable of drilling with the flexible shaft is disposed at the bottom of the flexible shaft.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a guiding portion capable of facing an oil layer to be drilled is disposed at the bottom of the thickened oil pipe, and the continuous drilling portion can drill the oil layer to be drilled horizontally after drilling along the guiding portion to form a radial horizontal well.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper portion of the inner wall of the thickened oil pipe is provided with a guiding conical surface whose diameter is reduced from top to bottom, and the lower portion of the inner wall of the thickened oil pipe is provided with an inward convex sheath member capable of stopping the rubber plug sliding block from sliding downwards.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hanging and feeding part comprises a movable chassis, a lifter is arranged on the chassis, a hook part which extends downwards and can move up and down is twisted on the lifter, the bottom of the hook part is connected with a steel wire rope, and the bottom of the steel wire rope is connected with the rubber plug sliding block; the chassis is detachably provided with a winch, and the winch is used for winching and storing the steel wire rope.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hook part comprises a hinge which can be twisted on the elevator, a hook is arranged at the bottom of the hinge, a hanging rod is hooked on the hook, the hanging rod penetrates through a wellhead of the vertical well in a sealing and sliding manner and is connected with a steel wire rope, and the bottom of the steel wire rope is connected with the rubber plug sliding block.
The object of the invention is also achieved by a method of drilling a well, comprising,
step a, a sliding sealing part is lowered into a vertical well, a continuous drilling part and a power pressurization part are hoisted and conveyed into the sliding sealing part by utilizing a suspended conveying part, and a well mouth is sealed;
b, injecting pressurized fluid into the sliding sealing part, and continuously descending the drilling part until reaching a drilling position specified by an oil layer to be drilled;
c, starting the continuous drilling part to complete the drilling of the radial horizontal well;
and d, after the drilling is finished, opening the wellhead, lifting the power pressurization part and the continuous drilling part from the suspension feeding part, lifting the sliding sealing part out, assembling the power pressurization part, the continuous drilling part and the sliding sealing part on the suspension feeding part, and moving the suspension feeding part to leave the wellhead.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step a, the thickened oil pipe is put into the vertical well, the top of the thickened oil pipe is fixedly connected with the well head through a conventional oil pipe, the top of the rubber plug slide block is hung on the hanging feeding part, the power pressurizing part is communicated and arranged at the bottom of the rubber plug slide block, the continuous drilling part is connected to the bottom of the power pressurizing part, the continuous drilling part, the power pressurizing part and the rubber plug slide block are put into the thickened oil pipe through the hanging feeding part, and the rubber plug slide block is sealed and abutted to slide along the inner wall of the thickened oil pipe.
From the above, the radial horizontal well drilling device and the drilling method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the radial horizontal well drilling device and the drilling method thereof, a mode of discontinuous oil pipe drilling operation is adopted, a continuous oil pipe operation machine is not needed, and the problems of construction inconvenience, large length of a continuous oil pipe, deformation of the continuous oil pipe, slipping of an injection head and the like caused by the operation of the continuous oil pipe operation machine are solved;
(2) in the radial horizontal well drilling device, the length of the coiled tubing is changed according to construction requirements, the coiled tubing is short, generally within 100 meters and independent of well depth, and construction and application are facilitated; the power pressurization part is used for pressurizing fluid entering the continuous drilling part to ensure the drilling pressure of the continuous drilling part; the movable suspension feeding part enables the radial horizontal well drilling device to be convenient to transport;
(3) in the radial horizontal well drilling device, the high-pressure hose or the flexible bearing in the continuous drilling part has stronger pressure bearing capacity and flexibility, so that the construction limitation caused by the pressure bearing problem is reduced;
(4) the radial horizontal well drilling device is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to replace, capable of safely and efficiently completing horizontal well construction procedures, simple and convenient in drilling method by using the radial horizontal well drilling device, and beneficial to the wider application of a horizontal well technology.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1: is a schematic diagram of the radial horizontal well drilling device of the present invention during casing windowing.
FIG. 2: the schematic diagram of the radial horizontal well drilling device disclosed by the invention is used for drilling a radial horizontal well after casing windowing.
In the figure:
100. a radial horizontal well drilling device;
1. a suspended feeding section;
10. a chassis; 11. a winch; 12. a wire rope; 131. a hinge; 132. hooking; 133. a suspension rod; 14. an elevator;
2. a power boost portion;
3. a continuous drilling section;
31. a high pressure hose; 32. a high pressure nozzle; 33. a screw pump; 34. a flexible shaft; 35. a drill bit; 36. a guide portion;
4. a sliding seal portion;
41. thickening the oil pipe; 411. a guiding conical surface; 42. a rubber plug slide block; 43. a sheath member;
9. a vertical well;
90. an oil layer to be drilled; 91. a wellhead sealing device; 92. a fluid injection port.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a radial horizontal well drilling device 100, which comprises a suspended feeding part 1, a power pressurizing part 2, a continuous drilling part 3 and a sliding sealing part 4, wherein the suspended feeding part 1 is movably arranged at a wellhead of a vertical well 9 (which may be an old well for oil and gas exploitation) with a sealed top, the top of the power pressurizing part 2 is detachably connected to the suspended feeding part 1, the bottom of the power pressurizing part 2 is communicated with the continuous drilling part 3 with a flexible drilling function, the power pressurizing part 2 can increase the fluid pressure entering the continuous drilling part 3, and in the embodiment, the power pressurizing part 2 is a downhole pressurizer (prior art); the continuous drilling part 3 is used for drilling a radial horizontal well, and the sliding sealing part 4 can slidably seal the space above the continuous drilling part 3.
In the radial horizontal well drilling device, a mode of discontinuous oil pipe drilling operation is adopted, a continuous oil pipe operation machine is not needed, and the problems of construction inconvenience, large length of a continuous oil pipe, deformation of the continuous oil pipe, slipping of an injection head and the like caused by the operation of the continuous oil pipe operation machine are solved; in the radial horizontal well drilling device, the length of the coiled tubing is changed according to construction requirements, the coiled tubing is short, generally within 100 meters and independent of well depth, and construction and application are facilitated; the power pressurization part is used for pressurizing fluid entering the continuous drilling part to ensure the drilling pressure of the continuous drilling part; the movable suspension feeding part enables the radial horizontal well drilling device to be convenient to transport; the radial horizontal well drilling device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, low in cost, convenient to replace, capable of safely and efficiently completing the horizontal well construction process, and beneficial to the wider application of the horizontal well technology.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the sliding seal portion 4 includes a through thickened oil pipe 41 which can be fixedly disposed in the vertical well 9, the top of the thickened oil pipe 41 can be fixedly connected with the wellhead through a conventional oil pipe, the external diameter of the thickened oil pipe is the same as that of the conventional oil pipe, and the internal diameter of the thickened oil pipe is smaller than that of the conventional oil pipe, so that the wall thickness of the thickened oil pipe is slightly larger than that of the conventional oil pipe, the thickened oil pipe 41 is internally provided with a rubber plug slider 42 in a sealing and sliding manner, and the inner wall of the thickened oil pipe 41 is smooth in order to satisfy the smooth sliding of the rubber; the plug sliding block 42 is provided with a through fluid via hole, the top of the plug sliding block 42 is hung on the hanging feeding part 1, the bottom of the plug sliding block 42 is communicated with the power boosting part 2, and the bottom of the power boosting part 2 is communicated with the continuous drilling part 3.
When the radial horizontal well drilling device 100 is used for a radial horizontal well drilling working condition without casing windowing, the continuous drilling part 3 does not need casing windowing (an open hole section or a casing well section which is already windowed), as shown in fig. 2, the continuous drilling part 3 comprises a high-pressure hose 31 (the pressure resistance range of the high-pressure hose is 80-100 MPa) which can be hermetically communicated with the bottom of the power pressurization part 2, and a high-pressure nozzle 32 which can spray high-pressure fluid to drill a radial horizontal well is communicated with the bottom opening of the high-pressure hose 31. The high-pressure hose 31 and the high-pressure nozzle 32 make full use of a coiled tubing jet drilling technology, and due to the feeding capacity of the high-pressure nozzle 32, high-pressure fluid jetted by the high-pressure nozzle 32 can jet and drill a small-diameter horizontal well hole with a certain extended length in an oil layer, and a plurality of small-diameter well holes can be drilled by lifting and lowering for many times, so that the drainage area is increased, an oil-gas area which is not affected or has a low affected degree during the exploitation of an old well is opened, the drilling of a radial horizontal well is realized, and a new oil flow channel is established. The high-pressure fluid sprayed by the high-pressure nozzle 32 can deepen the original horizontal well bore and extend the depth of the well bore. The high-pressure hose 31 has strong pressure-bearing capacity and flexibility, can complete the steering from vertical to horizontal within an ultra-short radius, and reduces the construction limitation caused by the pressure-bearing problem.
As shown in fig. 1, when the radial horizontal well drilling device 100 of the present invention is used in a drilling condition of a radial horizontal well requiring casing windowing, the continuous drilling portion 3 further includes a screw pump 33 capable of being disposed at the bottom of the power pressurizing portion 2, a flexible shaft 34 having flexibility is disposed at the bottom of the screw pump 33 in a downward extending manner, and a drill bit 35 capable of drilling with the flexible shaft 34 in a rotating manner is disposed at the bottom of the flexible shaft 34. The flexible shaft 34 has flexibility, can complete the turning from vertical to horizontal within an ultra-short radius, and has strong adaptability to the turning radius at an included angle between a vertical well and a horizontal well.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a guiding portion 36 capable of facing the oil layer to be drilled is arranged at the bottom of the thickened oil pipe 41, and the continuous drilling portion 3 can drill along the guiding portion 36 and then horizontally drill the oil layer to be drilled to form a radial horizontal well.
In the drilling working condition of the radial horizontal well needing casing windowing, as shown in fig. 1, a screw pump 33, a flexible shaft 34 and a drill bit 35 are connected to the bottom of a power pressurization part 2 and are put into the well, pressurized fluid is injected into a thickened oil pipe 41 in the vertical well from the ground, the pressure of the pressurized fluid is increased after the pressurized fluid passes through the power pressurization part 2 to form high-pressure fluid, the high-pressure fluid drives a screw of the screw pump 33 (in the prior art) to rotate, so that the screw pump 33 drives the flexible shaft 34 to rotate, the flexible shaft 34 drives the drill bit 35 to rotate to enter a guide part 36, then casing windowing drilling is started, the casing wall is drilled by the drill bit 35 to meet the windowing requirement, after the casing is windowed, the injection of the pressurized fluid is stopped, the suspended feeding part 1 lifts the continuous drilling part 3, the power pressurization part 2 and a rubber plug slide block 42 out of the well mouth, and the screw pump 33, the high-pressure hose 31 and the high-pressure nozzle 32 are replaced, as shown in fig. 2, the rubber plug slide block 42, the power pressurizing part 2, the high-pressure hose 31 and the high-pressure nozzle 32 are lowered into the well by the hanging feeding part 1, the high-pressure nozzle 32 reaches the casing windowing part through the guide part 36, the high-pressure nozzle 32 performs jet drilling along the casing windowing part, and disordered jet of the continuous drilling part 3 in the well is avoided.
From the above, the continuous drilling part 3 can be drilled by using the high-pressure hose 31 and the high-pressure nozzle 32 independently according to the actual construction requirements, or by using the screw pump 33, the flexible shaft 34 and the drill 35 to open the window and combining the high-pressure hose 31 and the high-pressure nozzle 32, so that the flexibility is high, and the application range is wide.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a guiding conical surface 411 whose diameter decreases from top to bottom is disposed on the upper portion of the inner wall of the thickened oil pipe 41, and a sheath member 43 that protrudes inward and can stop the rubber plug slider 42 from sliding downward is disposed on the lower portion of the inner wall of the thickened oil pipe 41.
Sliding seal portion 4 includes thickened oil pipe 41 and plug slider 42, an annular seal for realizing the process of creeping into of radial horizontal well, thickened oil pipe 41 constitutes through special preparation, its wall thickness is great, plug slider 42 can be centered slip in the conical surface 411 below of direction behind the conical surface 411 of direction of transition usefulness, plug slider 42 is made by the high strength rubber who contains bearing structure, one section length has, can effectively seal plug slider 42 and thickened oil pipe 41's inner wall, and plug slider 42 can follow the inner wall of thickened oil pipe 41 down or the up-sliding under the fluid pressure effect, thereby take power pressurization portion 2 and continuous drilling portion 3 to make up or the downstream. The sheath piece 43 can stop the rubber plug sliding block 42 from sliding downwards after reaching the lowest end of the stroke, so that the descending limiting function is realized, and the rubber plug sliding block 42, the power boosting part 2 and the continuous drilling part 3 are prevented from sliding downwards in a transition manner to cause damage to the device.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hanging and feeding portion 1 includes a movable chassis 10, a lifter 14 is disposed on the chassis 10, a hook portion which extends downward and can move up and down is disposed on the lifter 14, a steel wire rope 12 is connected to the bottom of the hook portion, and a rubber plug slider 42 is connected to the bottom of the steel wire rope 12. In this embodiment, the hook portion includes a hinge 131 capable of being twisted on the elevator 14, a hook 132 is provided at the bottom of the hinge 131, a hanging rod 133 is hooked on the hook 132, and the hanging rod 133 is connected to the wire rope 12 after passing through the wellhead of the vertical shaft in a sealing and sliding manner. A winch 11 is detachably arranged on the chassis 10, and the winch 11 is used for winching and storing a steel wire rope 12.
Further, the radial horizontal well drilling device 100 comprises a control part, the control part comprises a data acquisition unit and a control display unit, the data acquisition unit comprises a pressure sensor arranged on the steel wire rope 12, the pressure sensor can monitor the tension force borne by the steel wire rope 12 in real time and transmit the tension force data to the control display unit, the data acquisition unit can further comprise a position sensor arranged on the continuous drilling part 3, the position sensor can monitor the depth position of the continuous drilling part 3 in real time and transmit the data to the control display unit, the data acquisition unit can further comprise a speed sensor arranged on the rubber plug slider 42, the speed sensor can monitor the feeding speed of the rubber plug slider 42 in real time and transmit the data to the control display unit, and the lowering position of the continuous drilling part 3 and the feeding speed of the rubber plug slider 42 can also be calculated through the lowering length and time of the steel wire rope 12; the control display unit can receive the data transmitted by the data acquisition unit and control each element according to the data (a device running control program, a casing windowing control program and a radial horizontal well drilling program can be recorded in the control display unit), the control display unit controls the running of the continuous drilling part 3, the casing windowing action and the drilling work of the radial horizontal well, controls the lifting of the lifter 14 and controls the injection state of the pressurized fluid. The specific work of the control part can be adjusted according to the actual construction requirement.
A method of drilling a well using the radial horizontal well drilling apparatus 100 of the present invention comprises the steps of,
step a, a sliding sealing part 4 is lowered into a vertical well, a continuous drilling part 3 and a power pressurization part 2 are hoisted by a suspension feeding part 1 and lowered into the sliding sealing part 4, and a well mouth is sealed;
it is specific, go into vertical well under thickened oil pipe 41, thickened oil pipe 41's top is through conventional oil pipe and well head fixed connection, hang the top of plug slider 42 and locate on hanging the portion of advancing 1, set up power pressurization portion 2 intercommunication in plug slider 42's bottom, will creep into portion 3 in succession and connect in power pressurization portion 2's bottom, utilize to hang the portion of advancing 1 and will creep into portion 3 in succession, go into thickened oil pipe 41 under power pressurization portion 2 and plug slider 42, plug slider 42 supports to lean on to slide along thickened oil pipe 41's inner wall is sealed.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the plug sliding block 42 is fixedly connected to the steel wire rope 12, and the control unit controls the elevator 14 to ascend and descend to drive the steel wire rope 12 to ascend and descend, thereby driving the plug sliding block 42, the power boosting unit 2, and the continuous drilling unit 3 to ascend and descend.
In the process of lowering the device, the pressure sensor monitors the tension condition borne by the steel wire rope 12 in real time, and accordingly, the lowering is judged to be blocked or other special conditions occur.
The hanging feeding part 1 hoists the continuous drilling part 3 and the power pressurization part 2 and then feeds the continuous drilling part and the power pressurization part into the thickened oil pipe 41, then a wellhead sealing device 91 is used for sealing a wellhead, and a fluid injection port 92 is arranged on the wellhead sealing device 91.
B, injecting pressurized fluid into the sliding sealing part 4, and continuously descending the drilling part 3 until reaching a drilling position appointed by an oil layer 90 to be drilled;
concretely, the device is transferred, plug slider 42 gets into thickened oil pipe 41 and supports rather than the inner wall is sealed to lean on, go into the resistance grow down, need be in ground to the fluid of taking the pressure of injecting into in thickened oil pipe 41, the runner diminishes when taking the pressure fluid through plug slider 42, can produce the suppressed pressure, promote plug slider 42 along thickened oil pipe 41's inner wall sealed gliding, drive the power pressurization portion 2 and the continuous drilling portion 3 of its below and go down, reach the appointed drilling position of oil reservoir of waiting to creep into until continuous drilling portion 3.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the position sensor monitors the position of the continuous drilling part 3, which is convenient for monitoring the lowering process; the lowering position can also be monitored by the lowering length of the wire 12.
C, starting the continuous drilling part 3 to complete the drilling of the radial horizontal well;
specifically, the drilling state of the continuous drilling portion 3 is determined according to actual construction requirements.
When casing windowing is not needed (drilling into a radial horizontal well on one side of a vertical well of an open hole section or deepening the existing radial horizontal well), the bottom of the power pressurization part 2 is communicated with a high-pressure hose 31, the bottom opening of the high-pressure hose 31 is communicated with a high-pressure nozzle 32, pressurized fluid injected into the ground passes through the rubber plug slider 42 and the power pressurization part 2, pressure is increased to form high-pressure fluid, the high-pressure nozzle 32 sprays the high-pressure fluid along the radial direction (namely the horizontal direction) of the vertical well, a small-diameter horizontal well with a certain extension length is drilled out in an oil layer, a plurality of small-diameter wells can be drilled out through lifting and lowering for many times, the drainage area is increased, an oil gas area which is not affected or has a lower affected degree during old well exploitation is opened, drilling of the radial horizontal.
When casing windowing is needed, a screw pump 33, a flexible shaft 34 and a drill bit 35 are connected to the bottom of a power pressurization part 2 and are put into a well, pressurized fluid (with pressure higher than that in the putting-in process) is injected into a thickened oil pipe 41 in a vertical well from the ground, the pressure of the pressurized fluid is increased through the power pressurization part 2 to form high-pressure fluid, the high-pressure fluid drives a screw of the screw pump 33 (in the prior art) to rotate, the screw pump 33 drives the flexible shaft 34 to rotate, the flexible shaft 34 drives the drill bit 35 to rotate and enter a guide part 36, then casing windowing drilling is started, the wall of a casing is drilled by the drill bit 35 to meet the windowing requirement, after the casing is windowed, the injection of the pressurized fluid is stopped, a hanging and feeding part 1 lifts a continuous drilling part 3, the power pressurization part 2 and a rubber plug slide block 42 out of the well mouth, the screw pump 33, the flexible shaft 34 and the drill bit 35 are, the rubber plug sliding block 42, the power pressurization part 2, the high-pressure hose 31 and the high-pressure nozzle 32 are put into a well by the aid of the suspended feeding part 1, time for increasing pressure fluid pressure is determined according to the length of the high-pressure hose 31, after pressurization, the high-pressure nozzle 32 starts horizontal jet drilling after reaching a casing windowing part through the guide part 36, meanwhile, the rubber plug sliding block 42 is also fed at a reasonable speed under the control of the ground, when the requirement of the extension length of the horizontal well is met, the rubber plug sliding block 42 also reaches a sheath part 43 in the thickened oil pipe 41 and does not go into the thickened oil pipe, drilling of the radial horizontal well is achieved, and a new oil flow channel is established.
And d, after the drilling is finished, opening the well mouth, lifting the power pressurization part 2 and the continuous drilling part 3 from the suspended feeding part 1, lifting the sliding sealing part 4, assembling the power pressurization part 2, the continuous drilling part 3 and the sliding sealing part 4 on the suspended feeding part 1, and moving the radial horizontal well drilling device 100 to leave the well mouth.
Examples
By taking lateral drilling of an old well with a casing as a specific embodiment, the old well has insufficient bottom pressure after being exploited for many years, and the problems of overflow, well kick and the like can be avoided. After the thickened oil pipe 41 is put into the well and fixed, firstly, casing windowing is carried out, the screw pump 33, the flexible shaft 34 and the drill bit 35 are connected to the bottom of the power pressurization part 2 on the ground and tightness is tested, the power pressurization part 2 is connected to the rubber plug sliding block 42 in a sealing mode, the rubber plug sliding block 42 is hung on the steel wire rope 12, after connection is completed, the steel wire rope is put into the well through the elevator 14, the pulling force of the steel wire rope 12 is observed in the putting-in process, the putting-in condition of the device is monitored at any time, and if the device is blocked in the putting-in process, the device needs to be lifted by the. When the plug slider 42 is put into the thickened oil pipe 41, the downward resistance is increased, pressurized fluid needs to be injected into the thickened oil pipe 41 through an oil pipe water injection port (in the prior art, arranged at the wellhead) on the ground, and a flow channel of the pressurized fluid passing through the plug slider 42 is reduced to generate pressure build-up, so that the plug slider 42 is pushed to move downwards to drive the power pressurizing part 2 and the continuous drilling part 3 below the plug slider to move downwards.
When the whole device is lowered to a distance above a drilling position appointed by an oil layer to be drilled, the pressure of fluid under pressure is increased from the ground, when the fluid under pressure flows through the power pressurization part 2, the fluid pressure is greatly increased to form high-pressure fluid, the high-pressure fluid drives a screw rod of a screw pump 33 (in the prior art) to rotate, the screw pump 33 drives a flexible shaft 34 to rotate, the flexible shaft 34 drives a drill bit 35 to rotate to enter a guide part 36, then casing windowing drilling is started, when the drill bit 35 drills through a casing wall, a rubber plug sliding block 42 slides down to a sheath piece 43 of a thickened oil pipe 41 to be blocked, after the casing is windowed, the injection of the fluid under pressure is stopped, and the suspended feeding part 1 puts the continuous drilling part 3 (the screw pump 33, the flexible shaft 34 and the drill bit 35), the power pressurization part.
And after the casing windowing is finished, drilling the radial horizontal well. The screw pump 33, the flexible shaft 34 and the drill 35 are removed from the power pressurizing part 2, replaced with the high-pressure hose 31 and the high-pressure nozzle 32, as shown in fig. 2, the rubber plug slide block 42, the power pressurizing part 2, the high-pressure hose 31 and the high-pressure nozzle 32 are put into the well by using the suspended feeding part 1, the putting procedure is the same as that before the casing is windowed, except that the time for increasing the pressure of the pressurized fluid is determined according to the length of the high-pressure hose 31, after pressurization, the high pressure jet 32 reaches the casing opening via the guide 36 and then starts horizontal jet drilling, meanwhile, the rubber plug sliding block 42 is also fed at a reasonable speed under the control of the ground, when the requirement of the extension length of the horizontal well is met, the rubber plug slide block 42 also reaches the sheath component 43 in the thickened oil pipe 41 and does not go down any more, and the tension is basically zero at the moment which can be seen through the monitoring of the pressure of the steel wire rope, thereby indicating that the drilling is finished.
From the above, the radial horizontal well drilling device and the drilling method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the radial horizontal well drilling device and the drilling method thereof, a mode of discontinuous oil pipe drilling operation is adopted, a continuous oil pipe operation machine is not needed, and the problems of construction inconvenience, large length of a continuous oil pipe, deformation of the continuous oil pipe, slipping of an injection head and the like caused by the operation of the continuous oil pipe operation machine are solved;
(2) in the radial horizontal well drilling device, the length of the coiled tubing is changed according to construction requirements, the coiled tubing is short, generally within 100 meters and independent of well depth, and construction and application are facilitated; the power pressurization part is used for pressurizing fluid entering the continuous drilling part to ensure the drilling pressure of the continuous drilling part; the movable suspension feeding part enables the radial horizontal well drilling device to be convenient to transport;
(3) in the radial horizontal well drilling device, the high-pressure hose or the flexible bearing in the continuous drilling part has stronger pressure bearing capacity and flexibility, so that the construction limitation caused by the pressure bearing problem is reduced;
(4) the radial horizontal well drilling device is simple in structure and low in cost, can safely and efficiently complete the horizontal well construction process, is simple and convenient in a drilling method using the radial horizontal well drilling device, and is beneficial to the wider application of the horizontal well technology.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A radial horizontal well drilling device is characterized by comprising a hanging feeding part, a power boosting part, a continuous drilling part and a sliding sealing part, wherein the hanging feeding part is movably arranged at a wellhead of a vertical well with a sealed top, the top of the power boosting part is detachably connected to the hanging feeding part, the bottom of the power boosting part is communicated with the continuous drilling part with a flexible drilling function, and the power boosting part can increase the pressure of fluid entering the continuous drilling part; the continuous drilling part is used for drilling a radial horizontal well, and the sliding sealing part can slidably seal the space above the continuous drilling part;
the sliding sealing part comprises a through thickened oil pipe which can be fixedly arranged in a vertical well, the thickened oil pipe is internally sealed and slidably abutted against a rubber plug sliding block, a through fluid through hole is formed in the rubber plug sliding block, the top of the rubber plug sliding block is hung on the hanging feeding part, and the bottom of the rubber plug sliding block is communicated with the power boosting part;
the continuous drilling part comprises a high-pressure hose which can be hermetically communicated with the bottom of the power pressurization part, and a bottom opening of the high-pressure hose is communicated with a high-pressure nozzle which can jet high-pressure fluid to drill a radial horizontal well;
the hanging and feeding part comprises a movable chassis, a lifter is arranged on the chassis, a hook part which extends downwards and can move up and down is twisted on the lifter, the bottom of the hook part is connected with a steel wire rope, and the bottom of the steel wire rope is connected with the rubber plug sliding block; the chassis is detachably provided with a winch, and the winch is used for winching and storing the steel wire rope.
2. The radial horizontal well drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the continuous drilling part further comprises a screw pump which can be arranged at the bottom of the power pressurization part, a flexible shaft with flexibility is arranged at the bottom of the screw pump in a downward extending mode, and a drill bit which can drill along with the flexible shaft in a rotating mode is arranged at the bottom of the flexible shaft.
3. The radial horizontal well drilling device as claimed in claim 2, wherein a guide part capable of being opposite to an oil layer to be drilled is arranged at the bottom of the thickened oil pipe, and the continuous drilling part can drill the oil layer to be drilled horizontally after drilling along the guide part to form a radial horizontal well.
4. The radial horizontal well drilling device according to claim 1, wherein a guiding conical surface with a diameter which is reduced from top to bottom is arranged at the upper part of the inner wall of the thickened oil pipe, and a sheath piece which is inwards convex and can stop the rubber plug sliding block from sliding downwards is arranged at the lower part of the inner wall of the thickened oil pipe.
5. The radial horizontal well drilling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hook part comprises a hinge which can be twisted on the elevator, a hook is arranged at the bottom of the hinge, a suspension rod is hooked on the hook, the suspension rod is connected with a steel wire rope after passing through a wellhead of a vertical well in a sealing and sliding manner, and the bottom of the steel wire rope is connected with the rubber plug sliding block.
6. A method of drilling a well using a radial horizontal well drilling apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising,
step a, a sliding sealing part is lowered into a vertical well, a continuous drilling part and a power pressurization part are hoisted and conveyed into the sliding sealing part by utilizing a suspended conveying part, and a well mouth is sealed;
b, injecting pressurized fluid into the sliding sealing part, and continuously descending the drilling part until reaching a drilling position specified by an oil layer to be drilled;
c, starting the continuous drilling part to complete the drilling of the radial horizontal well;
and d, after the drilling is finished, opening the wellhead, lifting the power pressurization part and the continuous drilling part from the suspension feeding part, lifting the sliding sealing part out, assembling the power pressurization part, the continuous drilling part and the sliding sealing part on the suspension feeding part, and moving the suspension feeding part to leave the wellhead.
7. The well drilling method according to claim 6, wherein in the step a, the thickened oil pipe is put into the vertical well, the top of the thickened oil pipe is fixedly connected with a well head through a conventional oil pipe, the top of the rubber plug slide block is hung on the hanging feeding part, the power pressurizing part is communicated and arranged at the bottom of the rubber plug slide block, the continuous drilling part is connected to the bottom of the power pressurizing part, the continuous drilling part, the power pressurizing part and the rubber plug slide block are put into the thickened oil pipe through the hanging feeding part, and the rubber plug slide block is sealed and abutted to slide along the inner wall of the thickened oil pipe.
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| CN111706258B (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-07-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Traction type hose auxiliary feeding device and method for radial well |
| CN114427348A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Lateral pipe drilling device with controllable lateral pipe extension speed |
| CN112963110B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-12-28 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Radial horizontal well sealing device, drilling equipment and drilling method |
| CN113737801B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-08-02 | 安徽省城建基础工程有限公司 | Enlarged footing construction equipment |
| CN117052333B (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2024-04-05 | 天津斯图智能钻探有限公司 | Radial horizontal well sealing device, drilling equipment and drilling method |
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| US4856600A (en) * | 1986-05-22 | 1989-08-15 | Flowmole Corporation | Technique for providing an underground tunnel utilizing a powered boring device |
| CN101429848B (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2013-07-10 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method and apparatus for hydraulic jet side drilling for radial branching borehole |
| CN201588543U (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2010-09-22 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | Radial well drilling device |
| CN102477845B (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2014-02-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for drilling horizontal well with super-short radius |
| CN202325239U (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-07-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Hydraulic jetting radial drilling device |
| CN102926730B (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2017-04-19 | 王建生 | Mining method for support pipe following air liquid spraying and drilling into coal bed gas of radial well |
| RU2642194C2 (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2018-01-24 | Павел Иванович Попов | Method to increase formation hydrocarbon yield and intensify oil-gas-condensate production by means of formation radial penetration with water jet |
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