CN117052333B - Radial horizontal well sealing device, drilling equipment and drilling method - Google Patents
Radial horizontal well sealing device, drilling equipment and drilling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117052333B CN117052333B CN202310962220.1A CN202310962220A CN117052333B CN 117052333 B CN117052333 B CN 117052333B CN 202310962220 A CN202310962220 A CN 202310962220A CN 117052333 B CN117052333 B CN 117052333B
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000883990 Flabellum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/06—Cutting windows, e.g. directional window cutters for whipstock operations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling equipment, and provides a radial horizontal well sealing device, drilling equipment and a drilling method. The jet pipe is a corrugated pipe, and a plurality of sealing components are arranged between the jet pipe and the shell. The sealing assembly is a round table structure fixed inside the shell, and the inner wall of the sealing assembly is provided with a first groove, a first annular bulge and a second annular bulge, so that an internal thread is formed to be meshed with the injection pipe. The outer surface of the injection pipe, the channel formed by the annular bulge and the through hole form a Tesla valve structure, and fluid inlet and outlet are controlled. According to the invention, through the rotation of the injection pipe and the design of the Tesla valve structure, the effective sealing of the radial horizontal well is realized, and leakage and pollutant entering are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling equipment, in particular to a radial horizontal well sealing device, drilling equipment and a drilling method.
Background
Radial drilling technology is a product of deep development of conventional horizontal well technology, and is an extension and widening of horizontal well technology. The principle is that firstly, a drill bit is used for milling an opening on a casing pipe at the oil layer part, then a hose with a jet drill bit is used, and a plurality of wellholes are drilled in different directions in the oil layer by means of the hydraulic rock breaking action of high-pressure jet flow, so that the technology is suitable for developing low-permeability oil fields, shallow oil layers, thick oil strata and thin oil layers; existing radial well technology generally adopts a circular hose to transmit hydraulic power of high-pressure jet flow, a driving source for drilling is located at the ground, and sealing adopts rubber sealing, which causes problems such as: the service life of the rubber seal is short; the power feed and the operation of the high pressure pump are relatively complex; the inventor proposes a brand new sealing structure and drilling equipment of a radial well to solve the problems, and carries out related search on the problems to obtain the following patents with publication numbers: chinese patent of CN 112963110B, which discloses a radial horizontal well sealing device, a drilling apparatus and a drilling method; the same point as the invention is that the corrugated pipe is adopted as the injection pipe, but the sealing is carried out by adopting a mode that the ball is matched with the spiral groove, and the rotary driving is carried out by a plurality of fan blades by matching with the sealing mode, so that the rotary driving is carried out to drill; however, the problem is that after a wellbore is drilled, a clear technical scheme is not provided for how to take out the injection pipe, the oil pipe is vertically arranged downwards, the injection pipe is horizontally arranged, if the injection pipe is not retracted into the oil pipe, the next windowing construction cannot be performed, in addition, the injection pipe is damaged due to forced retraction, and more importantly, a plurality of grooves are formed in the outer surface of the corrugated pipe, and the corrugated pipe is easy to clamp at a pipe orifice and carry rock slag.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a radial horizontal well sealing device, a drilling device and a drilling method, which are used for solving the problems.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a radial horizontal well seal comprising: the device comprises an oil pipe, a shell, a steering gear and an injection pipe, wherein the oil pipe, the shell, the steering gear and the injection pipe are sequentially connected; a plurality of sealing components are arranged between the jet pipe and the shell, a power component for driving the jet pipe to rotate is arranged at the top of the jet pipe, the sealing components divide the space in the shell into a plurality of cavities from top to bottom, a spray head facing the end part of the jet pipe is arranged at the outer side of the steering gear, and the spray head is communicated with the cavity at the bottom layer; the sealing component is of a round table structure fixedly arranged in the shell, a through hole for penetrating the injection pipe is formed in the sealing component, a plurality of first grooves are formed in the inner wall of the through hole, a first annular protrusion and a second annular protrusion are formed on the outer surface of each first groove, an internal thread is formed by the plurality of first annular protrusions and the plurality of second annular protrusions along the axial direction of the through hole, and the internal thread is meshed with the outer surface of the injection pipe; the contact surface of the first annular bulge and the first groove is provided with a plurality of first through holes distributed in a circumferential array, the contact surface of the second annular bulge and the first groove is provided with a plurality of second through holes distributed in a circumferential array, the outer surface of the injection pipe, the channels formed by the first annular bulge and the second annular bulge and the channels formed by the first through holes and the second through holes form a Tesla valve structure, the forward inlet of the Tesla valve structure is positioned at the bottom of the sealing assembly, and the reverse inlet of the Tesla valve is positioned at the top of the sealing assembly.
Further, the sealing assembly is provided with at least 3.
Further, the power assembly includes: the fixing frame is of a cylindrical structure, the spiral fan blades are sleeved on the outer side of the fixing frame and are rotatably arranged on the fixing frame, the inner walls of the spiral fan blades are fixedly provided with circular rings, one side of each circular ring is provided with a face gear, the fixing frame is provided with a plurality of first bevel gears perpendicular to the axis of the fixing frame, the rotary suction of each first bevel gear is fixed on the fixing frame through a bearing, and the end parts of the first bevel gears are provided with gears meshed with the face gears; the top of the injection pipe is provided with a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is provided with a second bevel gear and a third bevel gear; the fixed disc is connected to the transmission shaft through a bearing; the fixed ends of the pressure telescopic rods are fixed on the fixed frame, and the movable ends of the pressure telescopic rods are fixed on the fixed disc; the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear in a compression state of the pressure telescopic rod, and the first bevel gear is meshed with the third bevel gear in an extension state of the pressure telescopic rod; the upper end of the injection pipe is provided with a liquid inlet.
Further, the pressure telescopic rod is a hydraulic telescopic rod or an air pressure telescopic rod.
A drilling apparatus, comprising: radial horizontal well sealing device and pressure pump.
A method of drilling comprising the steps of:
s1: window opening construction, namely lowering drilling equipment to enable a steering gear to move to a window opening position;
s2: the pressure pump is controlled to output two rated pressures, and the pressure values of the rated pressures are divided into ultra-high pressure oil and medium-high pressure oil from large to small;
s3: the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear through an ultra-high pressure oil compression pressure telescopic rod, hydraulic oil drives the spiral fan blades to rotate, the spiral fan blades drive the second bevel gear to rotate, so that the jet pipe is driven to rotate positively, the jet pipe is enabled to finish forward movement, the direction of the jet pipe is changed through a steering gear, and then high-pressure liquid is injected to drill a continuous high horizontal borehole until the drilling work of the section is completed;
s4: after S3, the pressure value of the ultra-high pressure oil is adjusted to be medium-high pressure, the first bevel gear and the third bevel gear are meshed through the output of the medium-high pressure oil, the hydraulic oil drives the spiral fan blade to rotate, the spiral fan blade drives the third bevel gear to rotate, and accordingly the jet pipe is driven to reversely rotate, the jet pipe is enabled to complete the retreating action, and the jet pipe is retracted from the steering gear, so that the influence on the next windowing construction is avoided;
s5: and (3) continuing the windowing construction at the other position, and repeating the steps S3-S4 until the construction of all horizontal wellbores is completed, and then lifting out the equipment.
Further, in the step S4, the ejector tube needs to be cleaned during the retraction operation, so that large particle impurities are prevented from entering the diverter and affecting the normal operation of the device.
The invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: through setting up seal assembly and fixing the injection pipe, seal assembly and the outer wall of injection pipe form tesla valve structure simultaneously, tesla valve can not block liquid completely, the effect of lubrication is played at this place to liquid, guarantee the rotation of injection pipe, but tesla valve can effectually reduce the pressure value at both ends, be equivalent to "check valve", can make the distribution have liquid in a plurality of cavitys, along with the increase of the quantity of cavity, the pressure in the cavity reduces from the top down, the liquid in the last cavity is followed the shower nozzle and is penetrated for clean the injection pipe that is located the diverter outside, guarantee that the slot of injection pipe surface can not smuggle with rock, can guarantee again that there is sufficient liquid pressure in the oil pipe to carry out broken rock through the injection pipe blowout simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a radial horizontal well seal device according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a radial horizontal well sealing device according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a seal assembly of a radial horizontal well seal apparatus according to a first embodiment;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a radial horizontal well seal provided in the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a power assembly in a radial horizontal well seal provided in accordance with a second embodiment;
icon: 1-oil pipe, 2-shell, 3-steering gear, 4-jet pipe, 5-seal assembly, 6-power assembly, 7-cavity, 8-shower nozzle, 51-through hole, 52-first recess, 53-first annular bulge, 54-second annular bulge, 55-first through hole, 56-second through hole, 61-mount, 62-spiral flabellum, 63-ring, 64-first bevel gear, 65-second bevel gear, 66-third bevel gear, 67-fixed disk, 68-pressure telescopic rod, 69-feed liquor hole, 9-seal piece, 70-transmission shaft.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a radial horizontal well sealing device is mainly disclosed, including: the device comprises an oil pipe 1, a shell 2, a steering gear 3 and an injection pipe 4 which is arranged in the oil pipe 1, the shell 2 and the steering gear 3 and is sequentially connected, wherein the injection pipe 4 is a corrugated pipe; a plurality of sealing assemblies 5 are arranged between the injection pipe 4 and the shell 2, and a power assembly 6 for driving the injection pipe 4 to rotate is arranged at the top of the injection pipe 4; specifically, in this embodiment, the oil pipe 1 is connected to a pressure pump, and high-pressure liquid is injected into the oil pipe 1 by the pressure pump; and then high-pressure liquid passes through the jet pipe 4 and is sprayed out from the end part of the jet pipe 4, so that the work of rock breaking and drilling is completed. The sealing component 5 is used for blocking high-pressure liquid and meanwhile does not completely seal so that part of liquid flows out to impact the spraying pipe 4 positioned on the outer side of the steering gear 3, and the outer surface of the spraying pipe 4 is guaranteed not to entrain crushed rock into the equipment and damage the equipment.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the sealing assembly 5 is provided with 3, which divides the space in the housing 2 into 4 cavities 7 from top to bottom, the outside of the diverter 3 is provided with a nozzle 8 facing the end of the injection pipe 4, the nozzle 8 communicates with the bottommost cavity 7, where the bottommost cavity 7 is the cavity 7 between the housing and the diverter 3; in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the sealing assembly 5 is provided with 2, which divides the space in the housing 2 into 3 cavities 7 from top to bottom, further, the lower layer of the bottommost sealing assembly 5 is further provided with a sealing element 9, where the sealing element 9 may be implemented by using sealing rubber, or the disclosure number is: the technical proposal in the specification [44-55] of the Chinese patent of CN 112963110B is realized by adopting an upper baffle plate, a lower baffle plate, a circulating ball assembly and a thrust bearing to realize rolling seal on a corrugated pipe, wherein the injection pipe 4 in the application is the corrugated pipe, and the sealing can be realized by directly adopting the sealing mode under the conventional operation of a person skilled in the art; it should be further noted that the difference between the technical solution shown in fig. 1 and the technical solution shown in fig. 2 is that, in the technical solution shown in fig. 1, through the incompletely sealed sealing assembly 5, the injected liquid can flow out through the gap between the diverter 3 and the injection pipe 4 to avoid the outer part of the injection pipe 4 from entraining crushed rock in the recovery process, and of course, the purpose of the spray heads 8 is also that, in order to improve the effect, the spray heads 8 can be provided in plurality, and the technical solution is suitable for geological structures with low formation hardness; according to the technical scheme shown in fig. 2, the injected liquid cannot flow out through the gap between the diverter 3 and the injection pipe 4, so that the outflow opening of the liquid is reduced, the pressure of the spray head 8 can be improved, and the spray head is suitable for different geological structures; either solution employs a seal assembly 5 as follows, and the bottommost cavity 7 and spray head 8 may be connected by a hose.
In particular, the structure of each seal assembly 5 is similar; as shown in fig. 3, the sealing component 5 is in a truncated cone structure fixedly arranged in the shell 2, a through hole 51 for penetrating the injection pipe 4 is formed in the sealing component, a plurality of first grooves 52 are formed in the inner wall of the through hole 51 as shown in fig. 4, a first annular protrusion 53 and a second annular protrusion 54 are formed on the outer surface of each first groove 52, and the first annular protrusion 53 and the second annular protrusion 54 form an internal thread along the axial direction of the through hole 51, and the internal thread is meshed with the outer surface of the injection pipe 4; the contact surface of the first annular protrusion 53 and the first groove 52 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 55 distributed in a circumferential array, the contact surface of the second annular protrusion 54 and the first groove 52 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 56 distributed in a circumferential array, as shown in fig. 4, the first through holes 55 are straight holes, the second through holes 56 are arc holes, the outlets of the straight holes face the inlets of the arc holes, the openings of the arc holes face the outer surface of the injection pipe 4, and the openings of the straight holes face the outer surface of the injection pipe 4. Thereby playing the role of blocking the flow of liquid. The outer surface of the injection tube 4 and the channels formed by the first annular protrusions 53 and the second annular protrusions 54 and the channels formed by the first through holes 55 and the second through holes 56 form a tesla valve structure, the forward inlet of the tesla valve structure is located at the bottom of the sealing assembly 5, and the reverse inlet of the tesla valve is located at the top of the sealing assembly 5.
The principle of the tesla valve is that the total pressure loss is small when the fluid flows forward through a special structure in the water flow, but the loss is extremely large when the fluid flows backward, so that the fluid pressure difference at two ends can be formed; in this embodiment, the plurality of sealing assemblies 5 form a plurality of tesla structures, and the pressure inside the oil pipe 1 is gradually reduced until the high pressure is sprayed out from the spray head 8, so that damage caused by direct spraying of high pressure liquid onto the spray pipe 4 is avoided, in addition, enough liquid in the oil pipe 1 can be ensured to enter from the liquid inlet 69 at the upper end of the spray pipe 4, and the drilling is realized through spraying of the spray pipe 4; it is emphasized that a typical radial well depth is from hundreds to thousands of meters, during which a plurality of seal assemblies 5 may be provided to seal and reduce the fluid pressure, and during actual operation, the effect of 3 seal assemblies 5 may be achieved; meanwhile, because the liquid flows in the Tesla valve structure, the movement between the injection pipe 4 and the sealing component 5 is not in direct contact, so that the energy loss can be effectively reduced, the rotation efficiency can be improved, and the drilling action of the corrugated pipe can be realized. The drilling action of the injection pipe 4 is that the injection pipe 4 rotates around the axis of the injection pipe 4, and the sealing assembly 5 is not moved, so that the injection pipe 4 can move along the rotation straight line to complete the drilling action. In the embodiment, the ejector tube 4 is driven to rotate by the power assembly 6, for example, a motor arranged on the ground is adopted to drive the ejector tube to rotate; or as disclosed in publication No.: the technical scheme in the specification [44-57] of the Chinese patent of CN 112963110B is realized by adopting a rotary drilling mechanism and a power feeding mechanism, wherein a corrugated pipe is driven, and the corrugated pipe can be directly used in the embodiment and is matched with the sealing piece 9.
Example two
As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, a radial horizontal well sealing device is disclosed, the main structure of which is identical to that of the embodiment, except that in the present embodiment, a special power assembly 6 is used to satisfy the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the injection pipe 4, so that the problem of recovering the bellows can be solved, and at the same time, no additional power source is required, and the device is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the power assembly 6 includes: the fixed frame 61, the fixed disk 67 and a plurality of pressure telescopic rods 68;
the fixing frame 61 is in a cylindrical structure, the spiral fan blades 62 are sleeved on the outer side of the fixing frame 61, the spiral fan blades 62 are rotatably arranged on the fixing frame 61, the general spiral fan blades 62 are sleeved on the fixing frame 61 in a C shape and can rotate through ball bearing contact, the fixing frame 61 is driven by liquid, and preferably, the diameter of the spiral fan blades 62 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the shell; the inner wall of the spiral fan blade 62 is fixedly provided with a circular ring 63, the outer diameter of the circular ring 63 is fixed on the inner wall, one side wall of the circular ring 63 is provided with a face gear, in the embodiment, the lower side wall of the circular ring 63 is provided with a face gear, the fixed frame 61 is provided with a plurality of first bevel gears 64 perpendicular to the axis of the fixed frame 61, and generally 4 first bevel gears 64 are arranged at 90 degrees between every two bevel gears, so that the stress uniformity is ensured; the first bevel gear 64 is rotatably fixed to the fixed frame 61 through a bearing and has a gear engaged with the face gear at an end portion thereof, that is, when the fan blade is rotated after the screw, the first bevel gear 64 is rotated by engagement of the face gear and the gear.
The top of the injection pipe 4 is provided with a transmission shaft 70, and the transmission shaft 70 is provided with a second bevel gear 65 and a third bevel gear 66; the upper end of the injection pipe 4 is provided with a liquid inlet 69; the liquid inlet 69 is used for conveying the high-pressure liquid in the oil pipe 1 into the injection pipe 4, so that the high-pressure liquid is injected from the end part of the injection pipe 4, and drilling work is performed.
The fixed disk 67 is connected to the transmission shaft 70 through a bearing; the plurality of pressure telescopic rods 68 are uniformly distributed, the fixed ends of the pressure telescopic rods 68 are fixed on the fixed frame 61, and the movable ends of the pressure telescopic rods 68 are fixed on the fixed disc 67; in the compressed state of the pressure telescoping rod 68, the first bevel gear 64 and the second bevel gear 65 are engaged, and in the extended state of the pressure telescoping rod 68, the first bevel gear 64 and the third bevel gear 66 are engaged.
The working process is as follows: when the liquid pressure in the oil pipe 1 is ultrahigh pressure, the pressure telescopic rod 68 is compressed, so that the pressure telescopic rod 68 is contracted, at this time, because the fixed disc 67 is fixed on the transmission shaft 70 through a bearing, the fixed disc cannot vertically displace relative to the transmission shaft 70, and likewise, the second bevel gear 65 and the third bevel gear 66 cannot displace relative to the transmission shaft 70, at this time, the contracted pressure telescopic rod 68 drives the fixed frame 61 to displace towards the axis direction of the transmission shaft 70 until the first bevel gear 64 abuts against the second bevel gear 65, so as to realize engagement limit, in the process, the liquid continuously flows away from the liquid inlet 69 of the injection pipe 4 to form flowing liquid, the spiral fan blade 62 is driven to rotate constantly, so that the second bevel gear 65 is driven to rotate, the second bevel gear 65 drives the transmission shaft 70 to rotate, the injection pipe 4 rotates in the sealing assembly 5, and the drilling action of the injection pipe 4 is realized; when the oil pipe 1 needs to be pulled out, the liquid pressure in the oil pipe 1 can be reduced, so that the liquid pressure is smaller than the folding pressure of the pressure telescopic rod 68, the pressure telescopic rod 68 cannot be folded at the moment, therefore, the first bevel gear 64 is meshed with the third bevel gear 66 to drive the third bevel gear 66 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 65 and the third bevel gear 66 are meshed with the first bevel gear 64 rotating in the same direction when being arranged face to face, and the directions of the two bevel gears are opposite, so that the forward drilling and the directional drilling of the injection pipe 4 are realized, and no matter which action is executed, the liquid can clean the injection pipe 4 through the plurality of sealing assemblies 5, and crushed rock is prevented from entering equipment. It is also emphasized that the pressure telescoping rod 68 may be a hydraulic or pneumatic telescoping rod, and that it should be noted that if hydraulic, it should be a compressible liquid, otherwise from a cost standpoint it should be a pneumatic telescoping rod, and that the gas is an inert gas.
In this embodiment, there is also disclosed a drilling apparatus comprising: the radial horizontal well sealing device and the pressure pump are arranged on the radial horizontal well; the pressure pump is a conventional pressure pump, and the main purpose of the pressure pump is to inject pressure into the oil pipe 1.
In this embodiment, a drilling method is also disclosed, including the following steps:
s1: window opening construction, namely lowering drilling equipment to enable the steering gear 3 to move to a window opening position; windowing is a construction process that is conventional in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
S2: the pressure pump is controlled to output two rated pressures, and the pressure values of the rated pressures are divided into ultra-high pressure oil and medium-high pressure oil from large to small; the ultrahigh pressure and the medium-high pressure of the ultrahigh pressure oil and the medium-high pressure oil are relative values, and the change in the compression value of the pressure telescoping rod 68 is more varied than the change in the compression value of the pressure telescoping rod 68, wherein the ultrahigh pressure is greater than the compression value of the pressure telescoping rod 68, and the medium-high pressure is less than the compression value of the pressure telescoping rod 68.
S3: the first bevel gear 64 and the second bevel gear 65 are meshed through the ultra-high pressure oil compression pressure telescopic rod 68, hydraulic oil drives the spiral fan blade 62 to rotate, the spiral fan blade 62 drives the second bevel gear 65 to rotate, the jet pipe 4 is driven to rotate forwards, the forward motion is completed, the direction of the jet pipe is changed through the steering gear 3, and then high-pressure liquid is injected to drill a continuous high horizontal well bore until the drilling work of the section is completed;
s4: after S3 is completed, the pressure value of the ultra-high pressure oil is adjusted to be medium-high pressure, the first bevel gear 64 is meshed with the third bevel gear 66 through outputting the medium-high pressure oil, the hydraulic oil drives the spiral fan blade 62 to rotate, the spiral fan blade 62 drives the third bevel gear 66 to rotate, and accordingly the jet pipe 4 is driven to reversely rotate, the jet pipe is enabled to complete the retreating action, and the jet pipe is retracted from the steering gear 3, so that the influence on the next windowing construction is avoided;
s5: and (3) continuing the windowing construction at the other position, and repeating the steps S3-S4 until the construction of all horizontal wellbores is completed, and then lifting out the equipment.
In step S4, the ejector tube 4 needs to clean the ejector tube 4 during the retracting operation, so as to avoid large particle impurities entering the diverter 3 and affecting the normal operation of the device, and in this embodiment, the cleaning operation is performed by the nozzle 8.
Finally, it should be emphasized that only the main inventive points are described in detail for the present invention, and that for the unnecessary inventive points, those skilled in the art can implement the prior art solutions, for example: the connection of the oil pipe 1 and the housing, the installation of the bellows and the diverter 3, etc.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A radial horizontal well seal comprising: the device comprises an oil pipe (1), a shell (2), a steering gear (3) and an injection pipe (4) which are sequentially connected, wherein the injection pipe (4) is arranged in the oil pipe (1), the shell (2) and the steering gear (3), and the injection pipe (4) is a corrugated pipe; it is characterized in that a plurality of sealing components (5) are arranged between the injection pipe (4) and the shell (2), a power component (6) for driving the injection pipe (4) to rotate is arranged at the top of the injection pipe (4),
the sealing assembly (5) divides the space in the shell (2) into a plurality of cavities (7) from top to bottom, a spray head (8) facing the end part of the spray pipe (4) is arranged on the outer side of the diverter (3), and the spray head (8) is communicated with the cavities (7) at the bottom layer;
the sealing assembly (5) is of a round table structure fixedly arranged in the shell (2), a through hole (51) used for penetrating the injection pipe (4) is formed in the sealing assembly, a plurality of first grooves (52) are formed in the inner wall of the through hole (51), a first annular protrusion (53) and a second annular protrusion (54) are formed on the outer surface of each first groove (52), and the first annular protrusions (53) and the second annular protrusions (54) form internal threads along the axial direction of the through hole (51) and are meshed with the outer surface of the injection pipe (4); the contact surface of the first annular bulge (53) and the first groove (52) is provided with a plurality of first through holes (55) distributed in a circumferential array, the contact surface of the second annular bulge (54) and the first groove (52) is provided with a plurality of second through holes (56) distributed in a circumferential array, the outer surface of the injection pipe (4) and a plurality of channels formed by the first annular bulge (53) and the second annular bulge (54) and a plurality of channels formed by the first through holes (55) and the second through holes (56) form a Tesla valve structure, a forward inlet of the Tesla valve structure is positioned at the bottom of the sealing component (5),
the reverse inlet of the tesla valve is located at the top of the sealing assembly (5).
2. A radial horizontal well seal according to claim 1, wherein at least 3 seal assemblies (5) are provided.
3. A radial horizontal well seal according to claim 2, wherein the power assembly (6) comprises:
the fixing frame (61) is of a cylindrical structure, a spiral fan blade (62) is sleeved on the outer side of the fixing frame (61), the spiral fan blade (62) is rotatably arranged on the fixing frame (61), a circular ring (63) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the spiral fan blade (62), a face gear is arranged on one side of the circular ring (63), a plurality of first bevel gears (64) perpendicular to the axis of the fixing frame (61) are arranged on the fixing frame (61), and rotating and drawing of the first bevel gears (64) are fixed on the fixing frame (61) through bearings, and gears meshed with the face gear are arranged at the end parts of the first bevel gears; a transmission shaft (70) is arranged at the top of the injection pipe (4), and a second bevel gear (65) and a third bevel gear (66) are arranged on the transmission shaft (70);
a fixed disk (67) connected to the drive shaft (70) through a bearing;
the fixed ends of the pressure telescopic rods (68) are fixed on the fixed frame (61), and the movable ends of the pressure telescopic rods (68) are fixed on the fixed disc (67);
in a compressed state of the pressure telescoping rod (68), the first bevel gear (64) and the second bevel gear (65) are meshed, and in an extended state of the pressure telescoping rod (68), the first bevel gear (64) and the third bevel gear (66) are meshed;
the upper end of the injection pipe (4) is provided with a liquid inlet hole (69).
4. A radial horizontal well seal according to claim 3, wherein the pressure telescoping rod (68) is a hydraulic telescoping rod or a pneumatic telescoping rod.
5. A drilling apparatus, comprising: the radial horizontal well seal and pressure pump of claim 4.
6. A method of drilling a well, suitable for use in a drilling apparatus as claimed in claim 5, comprising the steps of:
s1: the windowing construction, the well drilling equipment is lowered, and the steering gear (3) moves to the windowing position;
s2: the pressure pump is controlled to output two rated pressures, and the pressure values of the rated pressures are divided into ultra-high pressure oil and medium-high pressure oil from large to small;
s3: the first bevel gear (64) is meshed with the second bevel gear (65) through the ultra-high pressure oil compression pressure telescopic rod (68), hydraulic oil drives the spiral fan blade (62) to rotate, the spiral fan blade (62) drives the second bevel gear (65) to rotate, the jet pipe (4) is driven to rotate positively, the forward motion is completed, the direction is changed through the steering gear (3), and then high-pressure liquid is injected to drill a continuous high horizontal borehole until the drilling work is completed;
s4: after S3 is completed, the pressure value of the ultra-high pressure oil is adjusted to be medium-high pressure, the first bevel gear (64) is meshed with the third bevel gear (66) through outputting the medium-high pressure oil, the hydraulic oil drives the spiral fan blade (62) to rotate, the spiral fan blade (62) drives the third bevel gear (66) to rotate, and accordingly the jet pipe (4) is driven to rotate reversely, the jet pipe is enabled to complete the retreating action, and the jet pipe is retracted from the steering gear (3) so as to avoid influencing the next windowing construction;
s5: and (3) continuing the windowing construction at the other position, and repeating the steps S3-S4 until the construction of all horizontal wellbores is completed, and then lifting out the equipment.
7. A drilling method according to claim 6, characterized in that in step S4 the ejector tube (4) is cleaned during the retraction action, avoiding large particle impurities entering the diverter (3) and affecting the normal operation of the equipment.
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| CN202310962220.1A CN117052333B (en) | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-01 | Radial horizontal well sealing device, drilling equipment and drilling method |
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| CN202310962220.1A CN117052333B (en) | 2023-08-01 | 2023-08-01 | Radial horizontal well sealing device, drilling equipment and drilling method |
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| CN108131109A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-08 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Sidetracking radial well window opening tool and method |
| CN109236185A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2019-01-18 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of radially horizontal well drilling rig and its boring method |
| CN112963110A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-06-15 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Radial horizontal well sealing device, drilling equipment and drilling method |
| CN114458155A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-05-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Wellhead fixed type radial drilling well completion method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20180112468A1 (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2018-04-26 | James Mark Savage | Radial Drilling in Horizontal Wells by Coiled-Tubing and Radial Drilling by E-Line and Slick-Line |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101429848A (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2009-05-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method apparatus and for hydraulic jet side drilling radial branching borehole |
| CN108131109A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-08 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Sidetracking radial well window opening tool and method |
| CN109236185A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2019-01-18 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of radially horizontal well drilling rig and its boring method |
| CN114458155A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-05-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Wellhead fixed type radial drilling well completion method |
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| CN117052333A (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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