CN111426246A - Ore slope blasting optimization method - Google Patents
Ore slope blasting optimization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111426246A CN111426246A CN202010238945.2A CN202010238945A CN111426246A CN 111426246 A CN111426246 A CN 111426246A CN 202010238945 A CN202010238945 A CN 202010238945A CN 111426246 A CN111426246 A CN 111426246A
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- Prior art keywords
- blasting
- hole
- ore body
- optimization method
- modes
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ore body slope blasting optimization method, which comprises the following steps: determining blasting parameters, wherein the blasting parameters comprise a resistance line, hole spacing, explosive unit consumption and single-hole explosive loading; optimizing a blasting scheme, wherein the blasting scheme combines various hole distribution modes and various detonating modes; the charging structure is optimized, and blasting is carried out by adopting an air interval or sectional charging means according to different ore body types. According to the method for optimizing ore body slope blasting, various blasting modes are adopted after the blasting mode is improved, the various blasting modes are V-shaped, oblique line, trapezoid and inter-row comprehensive blasting, and meanwhile, a large-scale hole-by-hole blasting technology is adopted, so that more blank surfaces can be created for the later blasting holes by the first blasting holes, and the blasting effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ore body blasting, in particular to an ore body slope blasting optimization method.
Background
Due to the complex conditions of poor rock integrity, more cracks, soft interlayers, high plasticity and toughness and the like, large blocks are easy to generate during the slope blasting of complex ore bodies. The shock wave formed at the moment of explosive explosion can cause the rock around the explosive package to be extremely crushed to form a crushing area. Some of the energy generated instantaneously by the explosive explosion is dissipated through the rock fractures, the more rock fractures the more energy of the explosive blast is attenuated. In addition, due to the existence of the over-thick and soft interlayer in the crack, the explosive shock wave of the explosive and the energy of gas breakage generated by blasting are weakened, so that the filling part of rock is thrown into a blasting pile to form a large block when the rock is not broken in time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ore body slope blasting optimization method, which at least solves part of defects in the prior art.
The invention further aims to provide an ore body slope blasting optimization method with low rock block rate and low unit explosive consumption.
It is another further object of the invention to improve the blasting effect.
Particularly, the invention provides an ore body slope blasting optimization method, which comprises the following steps:
determining blasting parameters, wherein the blasting parameters comprise a resistance line, hole spacing, explosive unit consumption and single-hole explosive loading;
optimizing a blasting scheme, wherein the blasting scheme combines various hole distribution modes and various detonating modes;
the charging structure is optimized, and blasting is carried out by adopting an air interval or sectional charging means according to different ore body types.
Preferably, the hole mesh parameters with different parameters are adopted according to different ore body types by comprehensively judging the resistance line and the hole distance.
Preferably, the multiple cloth hole forms are triangular, rectangular and square comprehensive cloth holes.
Preferably, the various initiation modes are V-shaped, oblique line, trapezoid and inter-row comprehensive initiation.
Preferably, if the rock is intact, an air space formed by the hollow barrel is used.
Preferably, if the rock has porosity, the segmentation is performed using rock dust.
Compared with the method for optimizing the ore body slope blasting in the prior art, the method for optimizing the ore body slope blasting provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the ore body slope blasting optimization method provided by the invention adopts various blasting modes after improving the blasting mode, wherein the various blasting modes are V-shaped, oblique line, trapezoid and inter-row comprehensive blasting, and simultaneously adopts a large-scale hole-by-hole blasting technology. The large-scale hole-by-hole detonation technology can enable the first blast hole to create more blank surfaces for the second blast hole, and improve the blasting effect. The large-scale hole-by-hole initiation technology is applied, so that the grid connection time is reduced, the labor cost is saved, the labor productivity is improved, the blast hole pair initiated at the same section is controlled to be below 5%, and the influence of the peripheral mining area and the side slope of the blasting team is effectively reduced to the minimum.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an ore body slope blasting optimization method, which aims at carrying out blasting optimization on the problems of high rock block rate, high unit consumption of explosive and the like in an ore body blasting process. Specifically, the ore body slope blasting optimization method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, blasting parameters are determined.
Specifically, the main factors considered for determining the blasting parameters include the line of resistance, the hole spacing, the specific charge, and the single hole charge.
In the specific embodiment, the hole network parameter of 4m × 3.5.5 m is adopted in the primary ore body, the row spacing is 3.5m, the hole spacing is 4m, the hole network parameter of 4m × 4m or 4.5m × 4m is adopted in the weathered and semiweathered rock body, particularly, the hole network parameter of 4m × 3.5.5 m basically conforms to the b/a which is 0.866 (wherein the row spacing is b; the hole spacing is a), and after the holes are distributed in a triangle, 3 adjacent holes form an approximately equilateral triangle.
And secondly, optimizing the blasting scheme.
Specifically, in the aspect of optimizing the blasting scheme, the original single triangular hole distribution is changed into a diversified distribution control form according to the specific situation of the operation surface, and the hole distribution can be comprehensively triangular, rectangular and square. And comprehensively distributing holes in a triangular shape, a rectangular shape and a square shape according to the type and the softening degree of the rock.
The original initiation mode is row-to-row differential initiation, which is the simplest and most widely applied initiation mode and generally adopts triangular holes. When the large-area blasting is carried out, the explosive damage caused by blasting earthquake is easily caused because the explosive quantity of the same row (same section) is overlarge
In the application, various initiation modes are adopted after the initiation mode is improved, the various initiation modes are V-shaped, oblique lines, trapezoidal and inter-row comprehensive initiation, and meanwhile, a large-scale hole-by-hole initiation technology is adopted. The large-scale hole-by-hole detonation technology can enable the first blast hole to create more blank surfaces for the second blast hole, and improve the blasting effect. By applying a large-scale hole-by-hole detonation technology, the grid connection time is reduced, the labor cost is saved, the labor productivity is improved, the blast hole pair detonated at the same section is controlled to be below 5 percent, and the influence of peripheral mining areas and side slopes of a blasting team is effectively reduced to the minimum.
And thirdly, optimizing a charging structure.
In the aspect of charging structure optimization, an air interval or segmented charging technology is adopted, so that the explosion action time can be effectively prolonged, the explosion impact quantity is increased, and the effect of crushing rock mass is achieved. If the rock mass is complete, the hollow barrel is used for forming air space multi-section charging, and the hollow barrel can be but is not limited to a bamboo tube. Specifically, powdery ammonium nitrate explosive is filled in the middle lower part of a blast hole with the diameter of 90mm, a cartridge with the diameter of 70mm is filled in the upper part of the blast hole, emulsion explosive with high density is used for a front hole, ammonium nitrate explosive with low density is used for a damping hole, and the charging height is properly increased to reduce the block rate. If the rock has pore cracks, rock powder is filled in the fault part to form segments according to the distribution condition of each pore crack and rock stratum, so that the leakage of blasting energy along the fault surface is reduced.
The ore body slope blasting optimization method provided by the invention adopts various blasting modes after improving the blasting mode, wherein the various blasting modes are V-shaped, oblique line, trapezoid and inter-row comprehensive blasting, and simultaneously adopts a large-scale hole-by-hole blasting technology. The large-scale hole-by-hole detonation technology can enable the first blast hole to create more blank surfaces for the second blast hole, and improve the blasting effect. By applying a large-scale hole-by-hole detonation technology, the grid connection time is reduced, the labor cost is saved, the labor productivity is improved, the blast hole pair detonated at the same section is controlled to be below 5 percent, and the influence of peripheral mining areas and side slopes of a blasting team is effectively reduced to the minimum.
Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (6)
1. An ore body slope blasting optimization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining blasting parameters, wherein the blasting parameters comprise a resistance line, hole spacing, specific explosive consumption and single-hole explosive loading;
optimizing a blasting scheme, wherein the blasting scheme combines various hole distribution modes and various detonating modes;
the charging structure is optimized, and blasting is carried out by adopting an air interval or sectional charging means according to different ore body types.
2. The ore body slope blasting optimization method according to claim 1, wherein:
and comprehensively judging from the resisting line and the hole spacing, and adopting hole network parameters with different parameters according to different ore body types.
3. The ore body slope blasting optimization method according to claim 1, wherein:
the various hole distribution forms are triangular, rectangular and square comprehensive hole distribution.
4. The ore body slope blasting optimization method according to claim 1, wherein:
the various initiation modes are V-shaped, oblique line, trapezoid and inter-row comprehensive initiation.
5. The ore body slope blasting optimization method according to claim 1, wherein:
if the rock is intact, the air space formed by the hollow barrel is utilized.
6. The ore body slope blasting optimization method according to claim 1, wherein:
and if the rock has porous cracks, utilizing rock powder to segment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010238945.2A CN111426246A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Ore slope blasting optimization method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010238945.2A CN111426246A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Ore slope blasting optimization method |
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| CN111426246A true CN111426246A (en) | 2020-07-17 |
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| CN202010238945.2A Pending CN111426246A (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | Ore slope blasting optimization method |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102230769A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2011-11-02 | 汇通路桥建设集团有限公司 | Multi-row micro-differential roadbed deep hole blasting construction method |
| CN105135962A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-09 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Method for improving deep-hole step blasting quality of extremely hard rock |
| CN107024154A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-08 | 河海大学 | High slope deep hole blasting construction method under a kind of complex environment |
| CN109506536A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-22 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of the quick-fried heap width of optimal control surface mine bench blasting |
| CN110332869A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-15 | 宏大爆破有限公司 | The optimization method of open mine side slope Smooth Blasting Effects |
| CN110360907A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-22 | 中冶集团资源开发有限公司 | A kind of side slope step expansion side blasting method throughout broken jointed rock mass |
-
2020
- 2020-03-30 CN CN202010238945.2A patent/CN111426246A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102230769A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2011-11-02 | 汇通路桥建设集团有限公司 | Multi-row micro-differential roadbed deep hole blasting construction method |
| CN105135962A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-09 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Method for improving deep-hole step blasting quality of extremely hard rock |
| CN107024154A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-08 | 河海大学 | High slope deep hole blasting construction method under a kind of complex environment |
| CN109506536A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-22 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of the quick-fried heap width of optimal control surface mine bench blasting |
| CN110332869A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-15 | 宏大爆破有限公司 | The optimization method of open mine side slope Smooth Blasting Effects |
| CN110360907A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-22 | 中冶集团资源开发有限公司 | A kind of side slope step expansion side blasting method throughout broken jointed rock mass |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 韦爱勇主编: "《控制爆破技术》", 31 December 2009, 电子科技大学出版社.2009. * |
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Application publication date: 20200717 |