CN111424714A - Guy cable anchorage system of diagonal-pulling anchorage type suspended tunnel with relay extension of artificial island - Google Patents
Guy cable anchorage system of diagonal-pulling anchorage type suspended tunnel with relay extension of artificial island Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
- E02D29/067—Floating tunnels; Submerged bridge-like tunnels, i.e. tunnels supported by piers or the like above the water-bed
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a guy cable anchorage system of a cable-stayed anchorage type suspension tunnel for relay extension of an artificial island, which comprises a plurality of pairs of guy cable anchorages of the artificial island and a plurality of groups of stay cables; each pair of guy cable anchorage artificial islands are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the midspan of each span of the suspension tunnel; each group of stay cables is arranged between each span of the suspension tunnel and each pair of guy cable anchorage artificial islands; each guy cable anchorage artificial island is provided with a group of island wall guy cable pipelines, a group of guy cable steering piers, a guy cable anchorage pier and a guy cable ramp; one ends of a plurality of stay cables are anchored on the outer surfaces of two sides of each span of the suspension tunnel at intervals, the other ends of the stay cables penetrate through a group of island wall stay cable pipelines and then turn through a group of stay cable turning piers, then the stay cables extend upwards to the ground along a stay cable ramp, and finally the stay cables are anchored on the stay cable anchoring piers on the island. The guy cable anchorage system can not only increase the length of a suspension tunnel, but also be used for positioning the tunnel when a tunnel pipe joint is installed; and cable force monitoring and cable maintenance and replacement can be carried out in the operation period of the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an underwater suspension tunnel, in particular to a guy cable anchorage system of a cable-stayed anchorage type suspension tunnel with relay extension of an artificial island.
Background
The underwater suspension Tunnel is called a 'focused Floating Tunnel' in English, and is called 'SFT' for short. Also called Archimedes bridge in Italy, abbreviated as PDA bridge. Generally, the system consists of a tubular body floating in water to a certain depth (the tubular body has a large space enough to meet the requirements of road and railway traffic), a support system (anchor cables anchored on a seabed foundation, piers or a water buoyancy tank) and structures on both sides. The deep water type water-saving transport vehicle is a novel structure for the transport vehicle to cross between two banks separated by deep water, is suitable for all the transport vehicles needing to pass through the water, can pass trains, automobiles, small motor vehicles and pedestrians, and can be made into service channels for passing through various pipelines and cables. The differences between the underwater suspension tunnel and the traditional buried tunnel or tunneling tunnel are as follows: the suspended tunnel structure is surrounded by water and is neither located on nor traversing the ground, but is held in a fixed position primarily by the weight of its own structure, the buoyancy experienced by the structure, and the anchoring forces of the support system. The floating tunnel is sealed around, and the structure has all the characteristics of a common tunnel and is considered to be a tunnel rather than a bridge from the use point of view.
Although the suspension tunnel has certain advantages compared with the scheme of cross-sea passages such as immersed tube tunnels, deep-buried tunnels, bridges and the like, the design and construction of the suspension tunnel are still a worldwide problem, and no established suspension tunnel exists so far. Currently, there are mainly 7 countries (norway, italy, japan, china, swiss, brazil, usa) in the world under study, and many technical problems found by the study are mainly: overall structural arrangement, tunnel materials, anchoring system structural style, tunnel connection style and shore connection structural design, tunnel structure feasibility, construction and operation risks and the like. Whether the problems can be solved or not determines whether the suspension tunnel can be moved to actual engineering from a feasible scheme or not.
In the research on the floating tunnel, the proposed structural types can be roughly classified into three types according to the relationship between the gravity of the floating tunnel and the received buoyancy: float type, anchor type, pier column type. The float-type suspended tunnel is formed by suspending the tunnel on a float on the water surface through an anchor cable or an anchor chain, the gravity of the tunnel is greater than the buoyancy, and the vertical direction is greatly influenced by the fluctuation of the tide level. The anchoring type suspension tunnel is characterized in that the suspension tunnel is anchored on an anchorage foundation below a seabed through tension legs or anchor cables, so that the displacement or shaking of the suspension tunnel under the action of hydrodynamic force can be constrained within an acceptable range, the gravity of the tunnel is smaller than the buoyancy, anchorage systems of the suspension tunnel are perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel and are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the number of the anchor cables is the same as that of the anchorage foundation below the seabed. The pier column type is a tunnel bridge supported on an underwater pier column, and is difficult to construct and expensive in manufacturing cost. Because the tunnel floats in water, the tunnel installation construction is influenced by wind, waves, currents, ship traveling waves and the like, the underwater positioning, underwater or overwater butt joint construction difficulty of the three types of tunnels is very high, and the comfort level and the safety risk in the underwater operation period are difficult to predict.
The suspension tunnel is arranged under water with larger water depth, and if the tunnel is too long, the problems of ventilation and escape are difficult to solve. The longer the suspension tunnel is, the more difficult the stability control of the tunnel is, and the greater the construction difficulty and risk are. In order to provide better ventilation conditions for the super-long underwater tunnel, shorten an escape path, reduce the construction risk of the super-long suspended tunnel and be more beneficial to construction period control, operation period maintenance, part replacement and remote service area construction, the artificial island is a realistic choice for suspended tunnel relay extension. The purpose of the suspension tunnel is to use a relay extension artificial island as a transition shore: firstly, the suspension tunnel relay is extended; secondly, the requirements of ventilation and escape of the underwater tunnel are met; thirdly, the requirement of self stability of the structure in the sea is met; fourthly, the problem that the installation of a too long suspension tunnel is difficult to control is solved; fifthly, the relay and control during multi-span simultaneous construction or multi-span continuous construction of the ultra-long suspension tunnel are realized, and sixthly, the requirement for establishing an intermediate service area of the ultra-long highway tunnel is met.
The stayed-cable anchorage type suspended tunnel extending by utilizing the relay of the artificial island has to be singly stayed with an anchorage every span of the suspended tunnel, and an anchorage foundation structure of an anchorage system is inevitably built on the sea. Therefore, a cable anchorage system corresponding to the cable-stayed anchorage type suspension tunnel with relay extension of the artificial island and the construction method is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to fill the blank of the prior art and provide a guy cable anchorage system of a cable-stayed anchorage type suspension tunnel with artificial island relay extension, which not only can increase the length of a single span of the suspension tunnel, but also can be used for positioning the tunnel when a tunnel pipe joint is installed; and in the operation period of the tunnel, the cable force monitoring and the cable maintenance and replacement can be carried out.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a guy cable anchorage system of a diagonal tension anchorage type suspension tunnel for relay extension of an artificial island is disclosed, wherein the suspension tunnel comprises a land slope tunnel, a shore connection structure, an underwater suspension tunnel, a plurality of foundation-strength extension artificial islands, a guy cable anchorage system and a floating-weight ratio adjusting system; the land slope tunnel comprises a pushing side land slope tunnel and a receiving side land slope tunnel; the shore connecting structures comprise pushing side shore structures and receiving side shore structures which are arranged on the pushing side coast and the receiving side coast in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the water-facing end of the pushing side land area slope tunnel and the water-facing end of the receiving side land area slope tunnel are connected with the back water end of the pushing side shore structure and the back water end of the receiving side shore structure in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the underwater suspension tunnel is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of pipe joints; the plurality of seat connection extension artificial islands are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the underwater suspension tunnel, so that the whole underwater suspension tunnel is divided into a plurality of cross-suspension tunnels;
the cable anchorage system comprises a plurality of pairs of cable anchorage artificial islands and a plurality of groups of stay cables; each pair of guy cable anchorage artificial islands are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the midspan of each span of the suspension tunnel; each group of stay cables is arranged between each span of the suspension tunnel and each pair of guy cable anchorage artificial islands; each group of stay cables comprises a plurality of stay cables;
each guy cable anchorage artificial island comprises an island foundation at the lower part and a vertical island body at the upper part, wherein the vertical island body consists of the cylindrical island wall and an island inner body; each guy cable anchorage artificial island is provided with a group of island wall guy cable pipelines, a group of guy cable steering piers, a stay cable receiving room and a guy cable ramp; wherein,
the number of the group of island wall stay cable pipelines is the same as that of the group of stay cables; a group of island wall stay cable pipelines are embedded in a cylindrical island wall of the cable anchorage artificial island, and the axes of the group of island wall stay cable pipelines are consistent with the axes of a plurality of stay cables anchored on the outer surface of one side of the suspended tunnel in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the bottom of the outer end of each island wall guy cable pipeline is higher than the elevation of the underwater suspended tunnel and not higher than the minimum bottom elevation of the channel;
the number of the group of stay cable steering piers is the same as that of the group of stay cables; a group of guy cable steering piers and a group of island wall guy cable pipelines are correspondingly arranged in the guy cable anchor artificial island and close to the inner wall of the cylindrical island wall one by one, and the bottom of each guy cable steering pier is higher than the elevation of the underwater suspended tunnel and is not higher than the minimum bottom elevation of the navigation channel; the inner parts of the group of guy cable steering piers are respectively provided with a guy cable channel along the axial direction of the group of island wall stay cable pipelines in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and a steering cable guide device is pre-embedded in each guy cable channel;
the stay cable receiving room is arranged in the center of the island inner body of the cable anchorage artificial island at the highest filling height and exposed out of the water surface, a cable anchorage pier is arranged at the lower part of the stay cable receiving room, a stay cable anchorage monitoring room is arranged at the upper part of the stay cable receiving room, and a cable stress monitoring system is arranged in the stay cable anchorage monitoring room;
a group of cable guides are arranged on one side, facing the suspension tunnel, of the cable anchorage pier, the number of the group of cable guides is the same as that of the group of stay cables, a group of cable force monitoring grooves are formed behind the group of cable guides in a one-to-one correspondence mode, a cable force monitor is arranged in each cable force monitoring groove, front anchorage blocks and rear anchorage blocks are arranged at the front end and the rear end of each cable force monitoring groove in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and an electric anchor machine is arranged behind each rear anchorage block;
the cable ramp is arranged between the group of cable steering piers and the cable anchorage pier;
one end of each inclined stay cable is anchored on the stay cable anchors on the outer surfaces of the two sides of each span of the suspension tunnel at intervals; the other ends of the plurality of stay cables penetrate through a group of island wall cable pipelines arranged on the pair of cable anchorage artificial islands one by one, then are turned by a group of cable turning piers, then extend upwards to the water surface along the cable ramp and are finally anchored on the cable anchorage piers.
The guy cable anchorage system of the cable-stayed anchorage type suspended tunnel with relay extension of the artificial island is characterized in that the island foundation is constructed by multiple layers of sandstone, each layer of sandstone is constructed by filling in a cofferdam formed by submerging an ultra-large concrete buoyancy tank, and the peripheral dimension of each layer of cofferdam is 1: 1-1: 1.5 the gradient gradually decreases upwards; the cylindrical island wall is composed of a cylindrical lattice body formed by connecting a steel large cylindrical main lattice and a straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice and dense fillers filled in the cylindrical lattice body; the island inner body is backfilled sand filled in the cylindrical island wall.
The guy cable anchorage system of the cable-stayed anchorage type suspended tunnel for relay extension of the artificial island is characterized in that each island wall guy cable pipeline consists of a steel sleeve embedded in the cylindrical island wall and a guy cable protective sleeve installed in the steel sleeve, and the guy cable protective sleeve is an anti-corrosion sleeve.
According to the guy cable anchorage system of the cable-stayed anchorage type suspended tunnel with the relay extension of the artificial island, the guy cable anchorage pier and each guy cable steering pier are of reinforced concrete pier structures with pile foundations arranged at the lower parts.
According to the guy cable anchorage system of the cable-stayed anchorage type suspended tunnel with the relay extension of the artificial island, the guy cable ramp is sequentially provided with a gravel cushion layer and a concrete surface layer from bottom to top.
The guy cable anchorage system of the cable-stayed anchorage type suspension tunnel for relay extension of the artificial island is characterized in that the stay cable is an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber cable, and the underwater floating weight ratio of the stay cable is 1.
According to the guy cable anchorage system of the cable-stayed anchorage type suspended tunnel with the relay extension of the artificial island, a power station is further arranged beside the guy cable anchorage pier on each guy cable anchorage artificial island.
The guy cable anchorage system of the cable-stayed anchorage type suspension tunnel for relay extension of the artificial island has the following characteristics:
1) the artificial island is used as an anchorage foundation, so that the length of a single span of the suspension tunnel is increased; the number of deepwater anchorage blocks is reduced, so that the floating tunnel anchorage foundation is changed from offshore construction to onshore construction, and the construction progress and convenience are improved; in addition, the anchor planes of the suspension tunnel formed by the stay cables are not parallel to each other, so that the stability of the single span of the suspension tunnel is improved;
2) the guy cable anchorage artificial island is the most stable anchorage foundation structure;
3) the stay cable can be used for positioning the tunnel when the tunnel pipe joint is installed; in the operation period of the tunnel, the cable force monitoring and the cable maintenance and replacement can be carried out;
4) the guy cable is stretched to be above the water surface in the guy cable anchorage artificial island, so that the installation of the suspended tunnel pipe joint is not restricted by the conditions of foreign sea hydrology and weather, and the construction period is greatly reduced;
5) the stay cable anchorage system can correspondingly adjust the length and the tension of the stay cable when the floating-weight ratio of the suspension tunnel is adjusted in the construction period and the operation period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a diagonal-pulling anchorage type suspension tunnel with relay extension of an artificial island;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of a diagonal-pulling anchorage type suspension tunnel with relay extension of an artificial island;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section of a diagonal-pulling anchorage type suspension tunnel with relay extension of an artificial island;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a guy cable anchorage system of the artificial island relay-extended cable-stayed anchorage type suspended tunnel of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an elevation view of a guy anchor artificial island in the guy anchor system of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a plan view of a cylindrical island wall of a guy anchor artificial island in the guy anchor system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cable diverter pier in the cable tie system of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a cable anchor pier in the cable anchor system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the guy cable anchorage system of the artificial island relay-extended cable-stayed anchorage-type suspended tunnel of the present invention is suitable for the artificial island relay-extended cable-stayed anchorage-type suspended tunnel, and the cable-stayed anchorage-type suspended tunnel adopts an upward cable-stayed anchor system, and is anchored on an anchorage basis through guys, but the guys are inclined to the axis of the tunnel, one anchorage basis structure anchors a plurality of guys, and the guy cable angles at different parts of the tunnel are different.
The cable-stayed anchorage type suspended tunnel with the relay extension of the artificial island comprises a tunnel body, a shore connecting structure, a plurality of foundation-tension extending artificial islands 7 and a guy cable anchorage system. The shore connecting structure comprises a pushing side shore structure 2 and a receiving side shore structure which are correspondingly arranged on a pushing side shore and a receiving side shore one by one; the tunnel body comprises an underwater suspension tunnel 1, a pushing side land slope tunnel 6 and a receiving side land slope tunnel; the water facing end of the pushing side land area slope tunnel 6 and the water facing end of the receiving side land area slope tunnel are connected with the back water end of the pushing side bank structure 2 and the back water end of the receiving side bank structure in a one-to-one correspondence mode. The underwater suspension tunnel 1 is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of pipe joints; the plurality of connecting force extending artificial islands 7 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the underwater suspension tunnel 1, so that the whole underwater suspension tunnel 1 is divided into a plurality of cross-suspension tunnels.
The cable anchorage system comprises a plurality of pairs of cable anchorage artificial islands 4 and a plurality of groups of stay cables; and a plurality of pairs of guy cable anchorage artificial islands 4 are arranged at the midspan positions at two sides of each midspan suspended tunnel. Each group of stay cables is arranged between each span of the suspension tunnel and each pair of guy cable anchorage artificial islands 4; each group of stay cables comprises a plurality of stay cables 3.
The plane of the guy cable anchorage artificial island 4 is in an oval arrangement and is arranged along the water flow direction, so that the influence of the water flow on the structural stability of the artificial island is reduced. In view of the construction difficulty of the deep sea artificial island, each guy cable anchorage artificial island 4 comprises an island base 4a at the lower part and a vertical island body at the upper part, and the vertical surface is in an inverted T shape; the island foundation 4a is constructed by multiple layers of backfill sand, and each layer of backfill sand is constructed by filling in a cofferdam formed by submerging an ultra-large concrete buoyancy tank; the peripheral size of each layer of backfill sand is 1: 1-1: 1.5, the gradient is gradually reduced upwards, so that the shape of the island base 4a is pyramid; the vertical island body is composed of a cylindrical island wall 4b and an island inner body 4 c; the cylindrical island wall 4b is a cylindrical lattice body formed by connecting a steel large cylindrical main lattice 41b and a lattice type steel plate pile auxiliary lattice 42b and dense fillers filled in the cylindrical lattice body, and the fillers are backfill sand; the island inner body 4c is back-filled sand filled in the island wall 4b, and the filling top elevation should meet the requirement of the stability of the cylindrical island wall 4 b.
Each guy cable anchorage artificial island 4 is provided with a group of island wall guy cable pipelines 5b, a group of guy cable steering piers 5, a guy cable receiving room 4A, a guy cable ramp 50 and a power station 46; wherein,
the number of the group of island wall stay cable pipelines 5b is the same as that of the group of stay cables 3; a group of island wall stay cable pipelines 5b are pre-embedded on a cylindrical island wall 4b of the cable anchorage artificial island 4, and the axes of the group of island wall stay cable pipelines 5b are consistent with the axes of a plurality of stay cables 3 anchored on the outer surface of one side of the suspension tunnel in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the bottoms of the outer ends of the plurality of island wall guy cable pipelines 5b are all higher than the elevation of the underwater suspended tunnel and not higher than the minimum bottom elevation of the channel; each island wall guy cable pipeline 5b is composed of a steel sleeve embedded in the cylindrical island wall 4b and a guy cable protective sleeve arranged in the steel sleeve, and the guy cable protective sleeve adopts an anti-corrosion sleeve, such as a reinforced plastic pipe; the island wall guy cable pipeline 5b is arranged to enable the stay cable 3 to penetrate through the cylindrical island wall 4 b;
the number of the group of stay cable steering piers 5 is the same as that of the group of stay cables 3; a group of guy cable steering piers 5 and a group of island wall guy cable pipelines 5b are correspondingly arranged in the guy cable anchorage artificial island 4 and close to the inner wall of the cylindrical island wall 4b one by one, and the bottom of each guy cable steering pier 5 is higher than the elevation of the underwater suspended tunnel and not higher than the minimum bottom elevation of the navigation channel; a group of stay cable steering piers 5 are internally provided with a stay cable channel respectively in a one-to-one correspondence along the axial direction of a group of island wall stay cable pipelines 5b, and a steering cable guider 51 is pre-embedded in each stay cable channel; each guy cable steering pier 5 is a reinforced concrete pier structure with a pile foundation at the lower part so as to increase the pulling resistance;
a stay cable receiving room 4A is arranged in the center of the island inner body 4c of the stay cable anchorage artificial island 4 with the highest filling height and exposed out of the water surface, a stay cable anchorage pier 40 is arranged at the lower part of the stay cable receiving room 4A, a stay cable anchorage monitoring room 4B is arranged at the upper part of the stay cable receiving room 4A, and a stay cable stress monitoring system 45 is arranged in the stay cable anchorage monitoring room 4B;
the guy cable anchorage pier 40 is a reinforced concrete pier structure with a pile foundation at the lower part so as to increase the pulling resistance; a group of cable guides 41 are arranged on one side of the cable anchorage pier 40 facing the suspension tunnel, the number of the group of cable guides is the same as that of the group of stay cables 3, so as to accommodate all the stay cables 3 on one side of each span of the suspension tunnel and change all the stay cables 3 on one side of each span of the suspension tunnel into the horizontal direction; a group of cable force monitoring grooves are formed in the rear of the group of cable guides 41 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a cable force monitor 42 is arranged in each cable force monitoring groove, front and rear anchor blocks 43 and 43 'are arranged at the front and rear ends of each cable force monitoring groove in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and an electric anchor machine 44 is arranged behind each rear anchor block 43'; the front anchorage block 43 and the rear anchorage block 43' are both used for anchoring the stay cable 3; the electric anchor gear 44 is used for tensioning the stay cable 3;
the cable ramp 50 is arranged between the group of cable steering piers 5 and the cable anchor pier 40; the structure of the inhaul cable ramp 50 is that a gravel cushion layer and a concrete surface layer are arranged from bottom to top in sequence;
and the power station 46 is arranged beside the guy cable anchorage pier 40 and provides power sources for the electric anchor machine 44, the guy cable stress monitoring system 45 and the like.
One end of each inclined stay cable 3 is anchored on the stay cable anchors on the outer surfaces of the two sides of each span of the suspension tunnel at intervals; the other ends of the plurality of stay cables 3 correspondingly penetrate through a group of island wall cable pipelines 5b arranged on the pair of cable anchor artificial islands 4 one by one, enter island inner bodies 4c of the cable anchor artificial islands 4, change directions through steering cable guides 51 on the group of cable steering piers 5, then extend upwards to the water surface along cable ramps 50, and are finally anchored on the cable anchor piers 40.
The function of the cable anchorage artificial island 4 is to extend the stay cable 3 from the water to above the water surface, thereby facilitating the construction, monitoring, maintenance and replacement of the stay cable 3.
The stay cable 3 is mainly used for resisting horizontal force such as water flow force, and meanwhile, in order to keep the underwater stability of the underwater suspension tunnel 1, the gravity of the underwater suspension tunnel 1 is slightly larger than buoyancy, and meanwhile, the dead weight of the underwater suspension tunnel 1 in the operation period is possibly increased, so that the stay cable 3 simultaneously bears vertical force generated by the weight of partial tunnel pipe joints, and the stay cable 3 has performance requirements of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high tensile strength, convenience in replacement and the like, therefore, the stay cable 3 adopts an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber cable, and the underwater floating weight ratio of the stay cable 3 is 1.
The invention relates to a guy cable anchorage system of a cable-stayed anchorage type suspension tunnel for relay extension of an artificial island, which is mainly used for fixing an underwater suspension tunnel 1. The force is transmitted in a manner that the load borne by each span of the suspended tunnel is transmitted to the guy anchor pier 40 through the stay cable 3. The guy cable anchorage system needs to meet the requirements of the tunnel pipe joint underwater pushing installation process in the construction period of the suspension tunnel and the anchorage and stress monitoring requirements of the stay cable 3 in the service period of the suspension tunnel. The basic principle of design is that the stress system is reasonable, the technology is reliable, the construction is convenient, and meanwhile, the bearing has good durability and can be maintained.
The guy cable anchorage system is particularly suitable for a suspension tunnel which adopts a pushing process to install tunnel pipe joints and extends by using the relay of an artificial island, is also suitable for an anchoring type suspension tunnel, and is also suitable for suspension tunnels adopting other pipe joint installation processes.
Because the stay cable 3 is anchored on the cable anchor pier 40 on the cable anchor artificial island 4, the cable anchor artificial island 4 is generally positioned at the midspan position of each span of the suspension tunnel, and is preferably positioned at a shallow water depth according to the water depth. The cylindrical island wall 4b must meet the load bearing, anti-roll, anti-skid and overall stability requirements. The original seabed in the island body 4c should be subjected to foundation treatment and the backfill sand should be subjected to compaction treatment.
The cable anchorage pier 40 is a receiving and anchoring structure of the stay cable 3, and has the functions of tension adjustment and monitoring of the stay cable 3. The guy anchor pier 40 is arranged in a water-free environment, so that the guy anchor pier is convenient to operate the tensioning of the stay cable 3 and is not influenced by conditions such as wind, wave and flow on site. And a cable force monitor 43 and an electric anchor machine 44 are arranged on the cable anchorage pier 40 and used for monitoring the cable force. The cable force monitoring and the replacement of the stay cable 3 in the operation period are carried out in a stay cable anchorage monitoring room 4B above the stay cable anchorage pier 40.
The stay cable 3 is extended to the water surface along an underwater cable ramp 50 through a steering cable guider 51 in the cable steering pier 5 and is anchored on the cable anchorage pier 40; each stay cable 3 is independently provided with a stay cable steering pier 5, and the stay cable steering piers 5 are used for steering the stay cables 3 and reducing the elevation of the stay cables 3 in water, so that navigation is not influenced, and meanwhile, the tension of the stay cables 3 is reduced; the stay cable 3 passes through the lower part of a steering cable guider 51 in the stay cable steering pier 5 and then is guided to the water surface along the stay cable ramp 50 so as to facilitate the tensioning operation of the stay cable 3; when the stay cable 3 is tensioned, the cable deflecting block 5 is subjected to an upward pulling force, and therefore the cable deflecting block 5 must have a sufficient pullout resistance and a horizontal load bearing capability.
The sloping surface of the cable ramp 50 is integral, namely, the range of all the stay cables 3 on each side of the suspended tunnel is included, and the stay cables 3 are prevented from being worn.
The guy cable anchorage system of the invention is constructed after foundation treatment in the island.
The construction process of the guy cable anchorage system of the oblique-pulling anchorage type suspension tunnel with relay extension of the artificial island comprises the following steps: cofferdam construction of an island foundation → sand blowing and filling in the cofferdam of the island foundation → barrel construction of a barrel type island wall → sand back-filling and foundation treatment in the island inner body → construction of a guy cable steering pier 5, a guy cable ramp 50 and a guy cable anchor pier 40.
The construction of the guy cable steering pier 5, the guy cable ramp 50 and the guy cable anchor pier 40 can be carried out after the foundation of the island inner body 4c is consolidated, settled and stabilized. The pile foundation of the guy cable steering pier 5 and the pile foundation of the guy cable anchor pier 40 are constructed in the island inner body 4c by adopting a land pile driver. The guy cable steering pier 5, the guy cable ramp 50 and the guy cable anchor pier 40 adopt a large excavation and cast-in-place process of an island inner body 4 c. The steel sleeve of the island wall guy cable pipeline 5b is welded when the steel large cylinder main lattice 41b is prefabricated, and a temporary plugging piece is adopted for stopping water. After the concrete cast-in-place of the cable steering pier 5, the cable ramp 50 and the cable anchor pier 40 is completed, the temporary plugging piece on the steel sleeve is opened, and then a cable protective sleeve and a stay cable traction rope are penetrated.
One end of a stay cable traction rope is fixed on the stay cable anchor pier 40, and the other end of the stay cable traction rope is sent to a push side shore structure 2 or a push launching structure of the relay extension artificial island 7 by adopting a tugboat to be connected with the stay cable traction rope.
One end of the stay cable 3 and the butt joint end of the pipe joint are arranged in the pushing side shore structure 2 or the pushing starting structure of the relay extension artificial island 7, and are all temporarily fixed on the pipe joint, and the other end of the stay cable 3 is pulled to a cable anchor pier 40 in the cable anchor artificial island 4 by a stay cable pulling rope. And the stay cable 3 is pushed out of the side shore structure 2 along with the pushing of the pipe joint or is connected with the artificial island 7 extended by the relay, then the traction rope is stretched to lead the stay cable 3 to the guy cable anchor pier 40, and then the length and the tension of the stay cable 3 are adjusted according to the pushing of the pipe joint and the stress requirement of the stay cable 3. The length and the pulling force of the stay cable 3 are adjusted by an electric anchor 44 on the cable anchor pier 40, and the pulling force is measured in real time by a cable stress monitoring system 45.
The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention, and should be defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A guy cable anchorage system of a diagonal tension anchorage type suspension tunnel for relay extension of an artificial island is disclosed, wherein the suspension tunnel comprises a land slope tunnel, a shore connection structure, an underwater suspension tunnel, a plurality of foundation-strength extension artificial islands, a guy cable anchorage system and a floating-weight ratio adjusting system; the land slope tunnel comprises a pushing side land slope tunnel and a receiving side land slope tunnel; the shore connecting structures comprise pushing side shore structures and receiving side shore structures which are arranged on the pushing side coast and the receiving side coast in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the water-facing end of the pushing side land area slope tunnel and the water-facing end of the receiving side land area slope tunnel are connected with the back water end of the pushing side shore structure and the back water end of the receiving side shore structure in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the underwater suspension tunnel is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of pipe joints; the plurality of seat connection extension artificial islands are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the underwater suspension tunnel, so that the whole underwater suspension tunnel is divided into a plurality of cross-suspension tunnels; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the cable anchorage system comprises a plurality of pairs of cable anchorage artificial islands and a plurality of groups of stay cables; each pair of guy cable anchorage artificial islands are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the midspan of each span of the suspension tunnel; each group of stay cables is arranged between each span of the suspension tunnel and each pair of guy cable anchorage artificial islands; each group of stay cables comprises a plurality of stay cables;
each guy cable anchorage artificial island comprises an island foundation at the lower part and a vertical island body at the upper part, wherein the vertical island body consists of the cylindrical island wall and an island inner body; each guy cable anchorage artificial island is provided with a group of island wall guy cable pipelines, a group of guy cable steering piers, a stay cable receiving room and a guy cable ramp; wherein,
the number of the group of island wall stay cable pipelines is the same as that of the group of stay cables; a group of island wall stay cable pipelines are embedded in a cylindrical island wall of the cable anchorage artificial island, and the axes of the group of island wall stay cable pipelines are consistent with the axes of a plurality of stay cables anchored on the outer surface of one side of the suspended tunnel in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the bottom of the outer end of each island wall guy cable pipeline is higher than the elevation of the underwater suspended tunnel and not higher than the minimum bottom elevation of the channel;
the number of the group of stay cable steering piers is the same as that of the group of stay cables; a group of guy cable steering piers and a group of island wall guy cable pipelines are correspondingly arranged in the guy cable anchor artificial island and close to the inner wall of the cylindrical island wall one by one, and the bottom of each guy cable steering pier is higher than the elevation of the underwater suspended tunnel and is not higher than the minimum bottom elevation of the navigation channel; the inner parts of the group of guy cable steering piers are respectively provided with a guy cable channel along the axial direction of the group of island wall stay cable pipelines in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and a steering cable guide device is pre-embedded in each guy cable channel;
the stay cable receiving room is arranged in the center of the island inner body of the cable anchorage artificial island at the highest filling height and exposed out of the water surface, a cable anchorage pier is arranged at the lower part of the stay cable receiving room, a stay cable anchorage monitoring room is arranged at the upper part of the stay cable receiving room, and a cable stress monitoring system is arranged in the stay cable anchorage monitoring room;
a group of cable guides are arranged on one side, facing the suspension tunnel, of the cable anchorage pier, the number of the group of cable guides is the same as that of the group of stay cables, a group of cable force monitoring grooves are formed behind the group of cable guides in a one-to-one correspondence mode, a cable force monitor is arranged in each cable force monitoring groove, front anchorage blocks and rear anchorage blocks are arranged at the front end and the rear end of each cable force monitoring groove in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and an electric anchor machine is arranged behind each rear anchorage block;
the cable ramp is arranged between the group of cable steering piers and the cable anchorage pier;
one end of each inclined stay cable is anchored on the stay cable anchors on the outer surfaces of the two sides of each span of the suspension tunnel at intervals; the other ends of the plurality of stay cables penetrate through a group of island wall cable pipelines arranged on the pair of cable anchorage artificial islands one by one, then are turned by a group of cable turning piers, then extend upwards to the water surface along the cable ramp and are finally anchored on the cable anchorage piers.
2. The guy cable anchorage system of a cable-stayed anchorage-type suspended tunnel for relay extension of an artificial island according to claim 1, wherein the island foundation is constructed by a plurality of layers of gravels, each layer of gravels is constructed by filling in a cofferdam formed by submerging an ultra-large concrete buoyancy tank, and the peripheral dimension of each cofferdam is as follows 1: 1-1: 1.5 the gradient gradually decreases upwards; the cylindrical island wall is composed of a cylindrical lattice body formed by connecting a steel large cylindrical main lattice and a straight web type steel sheet pile auxiliary lattice and dense fillers filled in the cylindrical lattice body; the island inner body is backfilled sand filled in the cylindrical island wall.
3. The guy cable anchorage system of the artificial island relay extension cable-stayed anchorage type suspended tunnel according to claim 1, wherein each island wall guy cable pipeline is composed of a steel sleeve embedded in a cylindrical island wall and a guy cable protective sleeve installed in the steel sleeve, and the guy cable protective sleeve is an anti-corrosion sleeve.
4. The guy cable anchorage system of the artificial island relay-extended cable-stayed anchorage-type suspended tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the guy cable anchorage pier and each guy cable steering pier are both of a reinforced concrete pier structure with a pile foundation at the lower part.
5. The guy cable anchorage system of the artificial island relay-extended cable-stayed anchorage-type suspended tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the guy cable ramp comprises a gravel cushion layer and a concrete surface layer from bottom to top in sequence.
6. The guy cable anchorage system of the artificial island relay-extended stayed anchorage type suspension tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the guy cable is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cable, and the underwater buoyancy-weight ratio of the guy cable is 1.
7. The guy cable anchorage system of the cable-stayed anchorage type suspended tunnel for artificial island relay extension according to claim 1, characterized in that a power station is further arranged beside the guy cable anchorage pier on each guy cable anchorage artificial island.
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