CN111423223A - Method for preparing ceramic by replacing kaolin with spodumene slag - Google Patents
Method for preparing ceramic by replacing kaolin with spodumene slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN111423223A CN111423223A CN202010279596.9A CN202010279596A CN111423223A CN 111423223 A CN111423223 A CN 111423223A CN 202010279596 A CN202010279596 A CN 202010279596A CN 111423223 A CN111423223 A CN 111423223A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002114 biscuit porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 agalmatolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001579 aluminosilicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001760 lithium mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
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- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
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- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing ceramic by spodumene slag instead of kaolin, wherein the formula for preparing the ceramic comprises a ceramic blank and a ceramic glaze; the ceramic blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-75wt% of spodumene slag, 10-20wt% of quartz sand, 1-10wt% of potash feldspar and 1-10wt% of albite; the ceramic glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40-60wt% of spodumene slag, 15-40wt% of quartz sand, 15-20wt% of feldspar and 1-10wt% of porcelain stone; the raw materials are added according to the corresponding proportion and then uniformly mixed, the ceramic blank material is 1100-. The invention replaces the ores such as kaolin and the like with spodumene slag to prepare the ceramic material, and the utilization rate of spodumene is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramic preparation and solid waste resource application, in particular to a method for preparing ceramic by replacing kaolin with spodumene slag.
Background
Spodumene is one of the most important lithium mineral resources, and with the development of the lithium battery industry, the application of lithium resources in the current society is more and more extensive. Currently, methods for extracting lithium are classified into lithium ore and salt lake brine. Because the distribution site of the salt lake brine in China is relatively far away, and the lithium ore resources are widely distributed, the extraction of lithium from the ore becomes a main method for selecting lithium in China.
Spodumene (L i)2O·Al2O3·4SiO2) Containing L i2O 8.1%、Al2O327.54%、SiO264.5%, and small amount of MgO, MnO and Fe3O4The spodumene slag is also called calcium silicate slag, wherein the spodumene slag mainly contains two elements of calcium silicate and the chemical components of the calcium silicate and the calcium silicate mainly comprise CaO and SiO2、Al2O3And MgO and the like. In order to improve living environment and realize resource recycling, spodumene slag needs to be reasonably utilized, so that waste materials are changed into valuable materials.
A common sintered ceramic material is kaolin. Kaolin is a limited mineral resource, damages the environment after long-term mining, and is concentrated respectively, so that the application range of the kaolin is limited. The main component of kaolin is 2SiO2·Al2O3·2H2O, theoretical chemical composition of which is 46.54% SiO239.5% of Al2O313.96% of H2O, the component of which is mainly SiO2、Al2O3And the like, which is close to spodumene slag, provides possibility for spodumene slag to replace ores such as kaolin and the like to prepare ceramic materials. Compared with other granite ores, spodumene slag as a ceramic additive has the following advantages: 1. the spodumene slag is an unsaturated aluminosilicate mineral, has fire resistance, can be mixed with other silicate minerals for use, and can deprive silicon to form low-temperature feldspar porcelain; 2. spodumene slag high temperatureThe conversion has the characteristics of non-reversibility and low expansion, can prevent the high-temperature shrinkage of the blank and the glaze, and is suitable for low-temperature rapid firing; 3. spodumene can absorb silicon, making the ceramic more transparent.
The biggest problem of spodumene slag for the preparation of ceramic materials is that it is too basic, and because excess soda ash needs to be added during the extraction of lithium to neutralize the acidified spodumene, spodumene slag generally has strong basicity. The spodumene slag required for preparing ceramics has an alkali content of 0.5% or less, and therefore, dealkalization is required during use. Meanwhile, the spodumene slag contains Fe2O3And the like, also affect the performance of the ceramic, such as whiteness, surface smoothness and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing ceramic by replacing kaolin with spodumene slag aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, which can effectively replace the spodumene slag with the kaolin and other ores to prepare ceramic materials, wherein the addition amount of the spodumene slag is more than 40%; meanwhile, the slag is screened and respectively used for preparing the blank and the glaze, so that the utilization rate of spodumene is improved, the problem of accumulation of spodumene slag is effectively solved, and the cyclic utilization of resources is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the formula for preparing the ceramic comprises a ceramic blank and a ceramic glaze material; the ceramic blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-75wt% of spodumene slag, 10-20wt% of quartz sand, 1-10wt% of potash feldspar and 1-10wt% of albite; the ceramic glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40-60wt% of spodumene slag, 15-40wt% of quartz sand, 15-20wt% of feldspar and 1-10wt% of porcelain stone.
Furthermore, the ceramic blank also comprises one or more combined raw materials of clay, talcum, fly ash, wollastonite and quartz sand, and the total addition amount is not more than 20%;
further, the ceramic glaze also comprises one or more of clay, agalmatolite, talc, zinc oxide and barium carbonate, and the total addition amount is not more than 30%.
The method for preparing ceramic by replacing kaolin with spodumene slag comprises the following steps:
A. the raw material treatment process comprises the following steps:
s1, adding spodumene slag into dilute sulfuric acid with the concentration of 7-9% for acidification;
s2, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the acidified spodumene slag through pressure filtration;
s3, drying the spodumene slag at normal temperature;
s4, screening the spodumene slag by using a screening machine;
s5, crushing the mixed material by using a ball mill to obtain fine powder;
s6, an electromagnetic iron remover is adopted to remove iron from the fine powder so as to increase the whiteness of the ceramic;
B. the ceramic preparation process comprises the following steps:
s7, preparing the processed fine powder and other raw materials into slurry according to a proportion;
s8, obtaining finished slurry for preparing the ceramic blank and finished glaze for preparing glaze;
s9, respectively molding the slurry and the glaze;
s10, drying by hot air to evaporate the moisture in the wet embryo, so as to reduce energy loss caused by vaporization of a large amount of moisture during firing;
s11, placing the mixture into a kiln for firing;
and S12, obtaining the required ceramic blank and glaze product.
Further, in step S4, the screening size of the screening machine is 300 meshes and 100 meshes, so as to obtain three parts of particles, including small particles smaller than 300 meshes, large particles of 100 meshes and 300 meshes and ultra-large particles larger than 100 meshes; the small particles smaller than 300 meshes are used for preparing ceramic glaze, the large particles of 100 meshes and 300 meshes are used for preparing ceramic blank, and the ultra-large particle components larger than 100 meshes are crushed and then recycled;
further, in step S5, the fineness of the fine powder is more than ten times the fineness of the finished pulp;
further, in step S11, firing adopts a secondary firing process, and performs low-temperature bisque firing and then firing of glaze; the low-temperature bisque firing temperature is 1100-1250 ℃, and the firing time is more than 12 h; the firing temperature of the glaze is 1200-1300 ℃, and the firing time is 15-48 h.
According to the method for preparing the ceramic by replacing the kaolin with the spodumene slag, the spodumene slag can be consumed in a large amount, the mass of the spodumene slag accounts for more than 40%, the prepared ceramic is excellent in performance, the whiteness is higher than 70%, and the strength and the hardness are high; meanwhile, because the spodumene slag contains about 0.3% of lithium, the obtained ceramic has low thermal expansion and good light transmission performance.
Compared with the prior art, the method for preparing the ceramic by replacing kaolin with spodumene slag has the following advantages:
1. the spodumene slag is used for preparing the ceramic material, so that the spodumene slag is changed into valuable, the problem that the slag pollutes the environment is solved, the exploitation of kaolin is reduced, the cyclic utilization of resources is realized, and the ceramic material is energy-saving and environment-friendly;
2. the spodumene slag contains a large amount of calcium silicate, and the calcium silicate can reduce the firing temperature of a blank and glaze; the spodumene slag is adopted to prepare the ceramic additive, so that the energy consumption of ceramic production can be reduced, the energy is saved, and the production cost of the ceramic is reduced; meanwhile, the spodumene slag also has the advantages of improving the mechanical strength and the thermal shock resistance of the ceramic, good chemical stability and the like, and can be used for preparing some special ceramics, such as thermal shock resistant ceramics, low-expansion heat resistant ceramics and the like;
3. the method for removing alkali by sulfuric acid leaching has good alkali removing effect and low cost, and also has certain reference value for spodumene used for other purposes;
4. the solid iron removal is carried out by adopting an electromagnetic iron remover, so that the problems of low ceramic whiteness, attractive color and the like caused by Fe2O3 can be solved, and spodumene can absorb silicon, so that the light transmittance of the ceramic is better;
5. the spodumene slag is screened and then used, and the large particles and the small particles are respectively used as glaze and embryo bodies, so that the application range of the spodumene slag is widened, and the economic benefit of the spodumene slag as a ceramic raw material is increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram for preparing a ceramic additive from spodumene slag according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: the ceramic blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55% of treated large-particle spodumene slag powder, 25% of feldspar, 15% of quartz sand and 5% of talc; the ceramic glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% of treated small-particle spodumene slag powder, 8% of Longquan porcelain stone powder, 10% of zinc oxide, 25% of quartz, 12% of talcum powder and 5% of barium carbonate; the raw materials are added according to the corresponding proportion and then uniformly mixed, the ceramic blank is fired for 15 hours at 1150 ℃, and the ceramic glaze is fired for 24 hours at 1250 ℃ to prepare the high thermal vibration ceramic.
Example 2: the ceramic blank and the ceramic glaze both comprise the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 65% of treated large-particle spodumene slag, 20% of feldspar, 10% of quartz sand and 10% of quartz zirconium; the raw materials are added according to the corresponding proportion and then are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is formed and then is fired for 20 hours at 1150 ℃ to prepare the low-expansion ceramic.
Example 3: the ceramic blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 15% of sandstone, 50% of treated large-particle spodumene slag, 10% of quartz sand, 10% of magnesia clay, 5% of aluminum clay, 5% of talcum powder and 5% of clinker; the ceramic glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% of treated spodumene small particles, 20% of embryo mud, 10% of clinker, 15% of loess and 15% of iron oxide red; the raw materials are added according to the corresponding proportion and then uniformly mixed, the ceramic blank is fired for 18 hours at 1200 ℃, and the ceramic glaze is baked for 24 hours at 1300 ℃ to prepare the heat-resistant earthenware pot ceramic.
Example 4: the ceramic blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 45% of large-particle spodumene slag, 15% of potassium feldspar, 10% of albite, 10% of quartz sand, 10% of clay and 10% of talc after treatment; the ceramic glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55% of treated small-particle spodumene slag, 25% of quartz sand, 15% of zinc oxide and 5% of talc; the raw materials are added according to the corresponding proportion and then uniformly mixed, the ceramic blank is fired for 12 hours at 1150 ℃, and the ceramic glaze is fired for 20 hours at 1300 ℃.
The measurement results of the performance parameters of the domestic ceramics prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 are shown in the following table:
| sample name | Thermal stability (20 to 600 ℃ in water) | Water absorption/%) | Flexural strength/Mpa | Whiteness/% | Shrinkage ratio/% |
| Example 1 | Does not crack at one time | 0.8 | 79.3 | 71 | 13.5 |
| Example 2 | Does not crack at one time | 1 | 65.8 | 82 | 11.3 |
| Embodiment 3 | Does not crack at one time | 0.9 | 77.2 | 74 | 12.4 |
| Example 4 | Does not crack at one time | 1.2 | 75.2 | 75 | 12.6 |
According to detection data, the ceramic prepared from the slag has good thermal stability and can not crack once in water at the temperature of 20-600 ℃; the thermal expansibility is low, and the ceramic shrinkage rate is about 12%; meanwhile, the water absorption, the plastic strength, the whiteness and other properties also meet the requirements of the domestic ceramics.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing ceramic by spodumene slag instead of kaolin, characterized by that the formulation to prepare ceramic includes ceramic stock and ceramic glaze; the ceramic blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-75wt% of spodumene slag, 10-20wt% of quartz sand, 1-10wt% of potash feldspar and 1-10wt% of albite; the ceramic glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40-60wt% of spodumene slag, 15-40wt% of quartz sand, 15-20wt% of feldspar and 1-10wt% of porcelain stone.
2. The method for preparing ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic green material further comprises one or more of clay, talc, fly ash, wollastonite, and quartz sand, and the total addition amount is not more than 20%.
3. The method for preparing ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic glaze further comprises one or more of clay, agalmatolite, talc, zinc oxide, and barium carbonate, and the total addition amount is not more than 30%.
4. A method for preparing a ceramic from spodumene slag instead of kaolin, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
A. the raw material treatment process comprises the following steps:
s1, adding spodumene slag into dilute sulfuric acid with the concentration of 7-9% for acidification;
s2, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the acidified spodumene slag through pressure filtration;
s3, drying the spodumene slag at normal temperature;
s4, screening the spodumene slag by using a screening machine;
s5, crushing the mixed material by using a ball mill to obtain fine powder;
s6, an electromagnetic iron remover is adopted to remove iron from the fine powder so as to increase the whiteness of the ceramic;
B. the ceramic preparation process comprises the following steps:
s7, preparing the processed fine powder and other raw materials into slurry according to a proportion;
s8, obtaining finished slurry for preparing the ceramic blank and finished glaze for preparing glaze;
s9, respectively molding the slurry and the glaze;
s10, drying by hot air to evaporate the moisture in the wet embryo, so as to reduce energy loss caused by vaporization of a large amount of moisture during firing;
s11, placing the mixture into a kiln for firing;
and S12, obtaining the required ceramic blank and glaze product.
5. The method for preparing ceramic according to claim 4, wherein the spodumene slag replaces kaolin, and the method is characterized in that in step S4, the screening size of the screening machine is 300 meshes and 100 meshes, so as to obtain three parts of particles, including small particles smaller than 300 meshes, large particles of 100 meshes and 300 meshes and super large particles larger than 100 meshes; the small particles smaller than 300 meshes are used for preparing ceramic glaze, the large particles of 100 meshes and 300 meshes are used for preparing ceramic blank, and the ultra-large particle components larger than 100 meshes are recycled after being crushed.
6. The method of preparing ceramic according to claim 4, wherein the fineness of the fine powder is more than ten times the fineness of the finished slurry in step S5.
7. The method for preparing ceramic according to claim 4, wherein in step S11, firing is performed by a secondary firing process, including low-temperature bisque firing and glaze firing; the low-temperature bisque firing temperature is 1100-1250 ℃, and the firing time is more than 12 h; the firing temperature of the glaze is 1200-1300 ℃, and the firing time is 15-48 h.
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