CN111418311A

CN111418311A - Folding retractable steering system

Info

Publication number: CN111418311A
Application number: CN202010425166.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 向伟; 吕江南; 颜波; 马兰; 刘佳杰; 文庆华; 龙超海
Original assignee: Institute of Bast Fiber Crops of CAAS
Current assignee: Institute of Bast Fiber Crops of CAAS
Priority date: 2020-05-19
Filing date: 2020-05-19
Publication date: 2020-07-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a folding retractable steering system which comprises a rack, a main rotating shaft, a secondary rotating shaft, a driving press wheel, a driven press wheel, a folding mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a pair of driving wheels and a pair of driven steering wheels. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, capability of reducing the cost and energy consumption of the whole machine and realizing the touchdown switching function.

Description

Folding retractable steering system

Technical Field

The invention mainly relates to an agricultural sowing apparatus, in particular to a folding retractable steering system.

Background

Seed engineering is always the key point of world economic work, and China is a big population country, so that excellent varieties are cultivated, the grain yield is improved, the grain safety is ensured, and the method is particularly important for China. For the cultivation of new crop species, the quality of tests is the most important, so that a self-propelled numerical control cell seeder which has high automation degree, accurate sowing, stability and reliability becomes an urgent tool for various scientific research and breeding units to carry out field tests such as new species cultivation, fine species breeding, species comparison and cultivation. At present, the seeding requirements for self-propelled cell seed drills are: the seeding and fertilizing machine can uniformly seed a certain amount of seeds within a specified cell length without depending on external power, after one cell is seeded, seeding of the next cell is carried out in a non-stop state, and when the next cell is seeded, no seed residue is needed in the seeding and fertilizing machine, so that the seeds are prevented from being mixed among varieties.

In the agricultural scientific research test process, seeding is an extremely important link, in order to ensure the accuracy of the test result, the seeding of a test cell controls the row spacing, the requirement on the uniformity of seeds in rows and between rows is high, if a certain amount of seeds need to be uniformly sown in the specified cell length, the seeds in rows and between rows in the same cell are uniformly sown, and the mixture of varieties is avoided in different cells; at present, China still has many plot experimental field seeding and adopts traditional manual seeding, and the shortcomings of high labor intensity, complex procedures, low seeding efficiency, uneven seeding and the like exist, so that the accuracy of agricultural scientific research experiments is seriously influenced.

In recent years, some scientific research institutions or schools begin to use cell seeders made in China (black dragon river hong xing long) and imported abroad (austria) for seeding. Since the seeder is to travel and turn in the field and normal ground, the switching to ground contact between the road wheels and the press wheel is to be performed when traveling in these two types of terrain environments. Among the prior art, utilize the crane to realize the lift of press wheel mostly to reach the switching of contacting to earth of walking wheel and press wheel, nevertheless this kind of mode need dispose the lift frame, on the one hand, pushes up the complete machine cost, and on the other hand needs the lift driving piece to drive the lift frame and drives the action of press wheel, and the energy consumption is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a folding retractable steering system which has a simple structure and is convenient to operate, can reduce the cost and energy consumption of the whole machine and can realize the touchdown switching function.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a folding contraction type a steering system, includes frame, main axis of rotation, from axis of rotation, initiative press wheel, driven press wheel, folding mechanism, drive mechanism, a pair of action wheel and a pair of driven directive wheel, initiative press wheel is installed in frame one end through main axis of rotation, driven press wheel is through installing the other end in the frame from the axis of rotation, folding mechanism installs in the frame and cup joints, a pair ofly with main axis of rotation and from the axis of rotation respectively the folding mechanism rigid coupling of the both sides of action wheel and driven directive wheel and corresponding end, drive mechanism connects main axis of rotation and action wheel.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

folding mechanism includes driving motor, drive gear, rack, two pairs of pinion housing and two pairs of bearings, driving motor adorns in the frame admittedly, rack movable mounting is in the frame, drive gear install on driving motor's output shaft and with rack toothing, two pairs of pinion housing cup joint and two pinion housing and rack toothing of at least one side with main axis of rotation and from the axis of rotation respectively through two pairs of bearings, action wheel and driven directive wheel and corresponding pinion housing rigid coupling.

The rack is provided with a guide sleeve, and the rack is movably sleeved in the guide sleeve.

The driving wheel comprises a main wheel frame, a main wheel body and a main wheel shaft, the main wheel frame is fixedly connected with the corresponding gear shaft sleeve, and the main wheel body is arranged on the main wheel frame through the main wheel shaft.

The transmission mechanism comprises a pair of chain wheels and a chain, the pair of chain wheels are respectively arranged on the main wheel shaft and the main rotating shaft, and the chain is connected with the pair of chain wheels.

The driven steering wheel comprises a driven wheel frame, a driven wheel body, a driven wheel shaft and a universal joint, the universal joint is fixedly connected with the corresponding gear shaft sleeve, the driven wheel frame is arranged at the bottom of the universal joint, and the driven wheel body is arranged on the driven wheel frame through the driven wheel shaft.

The device also comprises two pairs of supporting pieces, wherein one end of each supporting piece positioned at the end of the main wheel frame is connected with the frame, the other end of each supporting piece is connected with the corresponding main wheel frame, one end of each supporting piece positioned at the end of the driven wheel frame is connected with the frame, and the other end of each supporting piece positioned at the end of the driven wheel frame is connected with the corresponding.

The supporting piece comprises a pair of connecting rods which are hinged with each other, one connecting rod at the end of the main wheel frame is hinged with the frame, the other connecting rod is hinged with the corresponding main wheel frame, one connecting rod at the end of the driven wheel frame is hinged with the frame, and the other connecting rod is hinged with the corresponding driven wheel frame.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

when the folding retractable steering system advances on the normal ground, the folding mechanism acts to drive the driving wheel and the driven steering wheel to rotate around the central shafts of the main rotating shaft and the driven rotating shaft, so that the driving wheel and the driven steering wheel are placed to the lowest point, the driving wheel is driven to rotate by the main rotating shaft through the transmission mechanism, and the driving wheel and the driven steering wheel rotate to advance, and the driven steering wheel is manually rotated during steering; when the folding mechanism operates in the field, the folding mechanism acts to drive the driving wheel and the driven steering wheel to rotate around the central shaft of the main rotating shaft and the central shaft of the driven rotating shaft, so that the driving wheel and the driven steering wheel are placed to the highest point, the main rotating shaft directly drives the driving press wheel to rotate, the driving press wheel and the driven press wheel to rotate and advance are realized, and at the moment, the driving wheel idles. Compared with the traditional structure, the system realizes the lifting and the reduction of the driving wheel and the driven steering wheel through the folding mechanism, thereby realizing the ground contact switching function of field operation and normal ground advancing, not needing to be provided with a lifting frame, on one hand, reducing the cost of the whole machine, on the other hand, not needing a lifting driving piece to drive the lifting frame to drive the pressing wheel to move, reducing the energy consumption, and having simple structure and convenient operation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an assembly structure diagram of the driving wheel in the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an assembly structure of a driven steerable wheel according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a frame; 11. a guide sleeve; 2. a main rotating shaft; 3. a driven rotating shaft; 4. an active press wheel; 5. a driven press wheel; 6. a folding mechanism; 61. a drive motor; 62. a drive gear; 63. a rack; 64. a gear shaft sleeve; 65. a bearing; 7. a transmission mechanism; 71. a sprocket; 72. a chain; 8. a driving wheel; 81. a main wheel frame; 82. a main wheel body; 83. a main wheel shaft; 9. a driven steering wheel; 91. a driven wheel carrier; 92. a driven wheel body; 93. a driven axle; 94. a universal joint; 10. a support member; 101. a connecting rod.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.

Fig. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of a folding retractable steering system of the present invention, which includes a frame 1, a main rotating shaft 2, a secondary rotating shaft 3, a driving press wheel 4, a secondary press wheel 5, a folding mechanism 6, a transmission mechanism 7, a pair of driving wheels 8 and a pair of secondary steering wheels 9, wherein the driving press wheel 4 is installed at one end of the frame 1 through the main rotating shaft 2, the secondary press wheel 5 is installed at the other end of the frame 1 through the secondary rotating shaft 3, the folding mechanism 6 is installed at the frame 1 and respectively sleeved with the main rotating shaft 2 and the secondary rotating shaft 3, the pair of driving wheels 8 and the secondary steering wheels 9 are fixedly connected with the folding mechanisms 6 at two sides of the corresponding end, and the transmission mechanism 7 connects the main rotating shaft 2 and the driving. When the system advances on the normal ground, the folding mechanism 6 acts to drive the driving wheel 8 and the driven steering wheel 9 to rotate around the central axes of the main rotating shaft 2 and the driven rotating shaft 3, so that the driving wheel 8 and the driven steering wheel 9 are placed to the lowest point, the driving wheel 8 is driven to rotate by the main rotating shaft 2 through the transmission mechanism 7, the driving wheel 8 and the driven steering wheel 9 rotate to advance, and when the system steers, the driven steering wheel 9 is manually rotated; when the field operation, then folding mechanism 6 action, drive action wheel 8 and driven directive wheel 9 rotate around main axis of rotation 2 and from axis of rotation 3 center pin, make action wheel 8 and driven directive wheel 9 put to the peak, main axis of rotation 2 directly drives initiative press wheel 4 and rotates to realize initiative press wheel 4 and driven press wheel 5 and rotate and march, and at this moment, action wheel 8 idle running. Compared with the traditional structure, the system realizes the lifting and the reduction of the driving wheel 8 and the driven steering wheel 9 through the folding mechanism 6, thereby realizing the ground contact switching function of field operation and normal ground advancing, not needing to be provided with a lifting frame, on one hand, reducing the cost of the whole machine, on the other hand, not needing a lifting driving piece to drive the lifting frame to drive the pressing wheel to move, reducing the energy consumption, and having simple structure and convenient operation.

In this embodiment, the folding mechanism 6 includes a driving motor 61, a driving gear 62, a rack 63, two pairs of gear shaft sleeves 64 and two pairs of bearings 65, the driving motor 61 is fixedly installed on the rack 1, the rack 63 is movably installed on the rack 1, the driving gear 62 is installed on an output shaft of the driving motor 61 and is engaged with the rack 63, the two pairs of gear shaft sleeves 64 are respectively sleeved with the main rotating shaft 2 and the auxiliary rotating shaft 3 through the two pairs of bearings 65, the two gear shaft sleeves 64 on at least one side are engaged with the rack 63, and the driving wheel 8 and the driven steering wheel 9 are fixedly connected with the corresponding gear shaft sleeves 64. In the structure, the driving motor 61 rotates forwards, the rack 63 is driven to move transversely by the driving gear 62, the rack 63 drives the gear shaft sleeve 64 to rotate forwards, and the gear shaft sleeve 64 drives the driving wheel 8 and the driven steering wheel 9 to rotate forwards and swing to the lowest point, so that the ground contact switching of normal ground advancing is realized; the driving motor 61 rotates reversely, the rack 63 is driven to move transversely in a reverse direction through the driving gear 62, the rack 63 can drive the gear shaft sleeve 64 to rotate reversely, and the gear shaft sleeve 64 drives the driving wheel 8 and the driven steering wheel 9 to rotate reversely and swing to the highest point, so that the ground contact switching of field operation is realized, and the structure is simple and reliable.

In this embodiment, the rack 1 is provided with a guide sleeve 11, and the rack 63 is movably sleeved in the guide sleeve 11. The guide sleeve 11 forms a mounting base for the rack 63 on one hand, and plays a role in guiding the movement of the rack 63 on the other hand, thereby ensuring stability.

In this embodiment, the driving wheel 8 includes a main wheel frame 81, a main wheel body 82 and a main wheel shaft 83, the main wheel frame 81 is fixedly connected to the corresponding gear sleeve 64, and the main wheel body 82 is mounted on the main wheel frame 81 through the main wheel shaft 83. In the structure, a one-way wheel structure is formed by the main wheel frame 81, the main wheel body 82 and the main wheel shaft 83, and the structure is simple and reliable.

In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 7 includes a pair of sprockets 71 and a chain 72, the pair of sprockets 71 are respectively mounted on the main wheel shaft 83 and the main rotating shaft 2, and the chain 72 connects the pair of sprockets 71. In this structure, the power of the main rotating shaft 2 is transmitted to the main wheel shaft 83 through the sprocket 71 and the chain 72, thereby driving the driving wheel 8 to rotate.

In this embodiment, the driven steering wheel 9 includes a driven wheel frame 91, a driven wheel body 92, a driven wheel shaft 93 and a universal joint 94, the universal joint 94 is fixedly connected with the corresponding gear shaft sleeve 64, the driven wheel frame 91 is installed at the bottom of the universal joint 94, and the driven wheel body 92 is installed on the driven wheel frame 91 through the driven wheel shaft 93. In the structure, a universal wheel structure is formed by the driven wheel frame 91, the driven wheel body 92, the driven wheel shaft 93 and the universal joint 94, the structure is simple and reliable, and steering can be realized.

In this embodiment, the device further includes two pairs of supporting members 10, one end of each supporting member 10 located at the end of the main wheel frame 81 is connected to the frame 1, the other end is connected to the corresponding main wheel frame 81, and one end of each supporting member 10 located at the end of the driven wheel frame 91 is connected to the frame 1, and the other end is connected to the corresponding driven wheel frame 91. In the structure, the supporting member 10 supports the main wheel frame 81 and the driven wheel frame 91, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the main wheel frame 81 and the driven wheel frame 91 after swinging.

In this embodiment, the supporting member 10 includes a pair of connecting rods 101 hinged to each other, one connecting rod 101 at the end of the main wheel frame 81 is hinged to the frame 1, the other connecting rod 101 is hinged to the corresponding main wheel frame 81, and one connecting rod 101 at the end of the driven wheel frame 91 is hinged to the frame 1, and the other connecting rod 101 is hinged to the corresponding driven wheel frame 91. In the structure, the connecting rods 101 hinged with each other form a movable structure, when the driving wheel 8 and the driven steering wheel 9 are placed to the lowest point, the two connecting rods 101 are collinear at the moment, the dead point fixation is realized, and the stability in the normal advancing process is ensured.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. A folding retractable steering system characterized in that: including frame (1), main axis of rotation (2), from axis of rotation (3), initiative press wheel (4), driven press wheel (5), folding mechanism (6), drive mechanism (7), a pair of action wheel (8) and a pair of driven directive wheel (9), initiative press wheel (4) are installed in frame (1) one end through main axis of rotation (2), the other end in frame (1) is installed through following axis of rotation (3) in driven press wheel (5), folding mechanism (6) are installed in frame (1) and cup joint with main axis of rotation (2) and from axis of rotation (3) respectively, and are a pair of action wheel (8) and driven directive wheel (9) and folding mechanism (6) rigid coupling of the both sides of corresponding end, main axis of rotation (2) and action wheel (8) are connected in drive mechanism (7).

2. The folding-retracting steering system according to claim 1, wherein: folding mechanism (6) are including driving motor (61), drive gear (62), rack (63), two pairs of gear shaft cover (64) and two pairs of bearings (65), driving motor (61) are adorned admittedly in frame (1), rack (63) movable mounting is in frame (1), drive gear (62) are installed on the output shaft of driving motor (61) and are engaged with rack (63), and two pairs of gear shaft cover (64) cup joint, and two gear shaft cover (64) and rack (63) meshing of at least one side with main axis of rotation (2) and from axis of rotation (3) respectively through two pairs of bearings (65), action wheel (8) and driven directive wheel (9) and corresponding gear shaft cover (64) rigid coupling.

3. The folding-retracting steering system according to claim 2, wherein: the rack (1) is provided with a guide sleeve (11), and the rack (63) is movably sleeved in the guide sleeve (11).

4. The folding-retracting steering system according to claim 3, wherein: the driving wheel (8) comprises a main wheel frame (81), a main wheel body (82) and a main wheel shaft (83), the main wheel frame (81) is fixedly connected with the corresponding gear shaft sleeve (64), and the main wheel body (82) is installed on the main wheel frame (81) through the main wheel shaft (83).

5. The folding-retracting steering system according to claim 4, wherein: the transmission mechanism (7) comprises a pair of chain wheels (71) and a chain (72), the pair of chain wheels (71) are respectively arranged on the main wheel shaft (83) and the main rotating shaft (2), and the chain (72) is connected with the pair of chain wheels (71).

6. The folding-retracting steering system of claim 5, wherein: the driven steering wheel (9) comprises a driven wheel frame (91), a driven wheel body (92), a driven wheel shaft (93) and a universal joint (94), wherein the universal joint (94) is fixedly connected with a corresponding gear shaft sleeve (64), the driven wheel frame (91) is installed at the bottom of the universal joint (94), and the driven wheel body (92) is installed on the driven wheel frame (91) through the driven wheel shaft (93).

7. The folding-retracting steering system of claim 6, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising two pairs of supporting pieces (10), wherein one end of each supporting piece (10) located at the end of the main wheel frame (81) is connected with the rack (1), the other end of each supporting piece (10) is connected with the corresponding main wheel frame (81), one end of each supporting piece (10) located at the end of the driven wheel frame (91) is connected with the rack (1), and the other end of each supporting piece (10) is connected with the corresponding driven.

8. The folding-retracting steering system of claim 7, wherein: the supporting piece (10) comprises a pair of connecting rods (101) which are hinged with each other, one connecting rod (101) positioned at the end of the main wheel frame (81) is hinged with the frame (1), the other connecting rod (101) is hinged with the corresponding main wheel frame (81), one connecting rod (101) positioned at the end of the driven wheel frame (91) is hinged with the frame (1), and the other connecting rod (101) is hinged with the corresponding driven wheel frame (91).