CN111411751A - Composite decorative board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite decorative board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111411751A CN111411751A CN202010348032.6A CN202010348032A CN111411751A CN 111411751 A CN111411751 A CN 111411751A CN 202010348032 A CN202010348032 A CN 202010348032A CN 111411751 A CN111411751 A CN 111411751A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0866—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels or layered panels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
- C04B28/065—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite decorative plate and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of building materials. This composite decorative board includes: the heat insulation board comprises a first decoration panel, a second decoration panel and a heat insulation board positioned between the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel; the insulation board is integrally connected with the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel respectively. The composite decorative board can solve the problems that the existing composite decorative board is easy to deform and has poor fireproof performance due to the fact that the adhesive is used as a bonding material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a composite decorative plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to achieve both fireproof and decorative performances, a traditional fireproof and heat-insulating composite board is generally bonded with stone materials, ceramic tiles, aluminum plates, cement fiber boards, calcium silicate boards, glass magnesium boards and other surface materials and heat-insulating materials through organic binders by adopting pressing equipment, then decorative surface layers such as stone paint, coating, relief, decorative mortar and the like are sprayed on the outer side of the board to achieve a decorative effect, and then the board is connected with a wall through an anchoring connecting piece.
The organic binder for connecting the decoration panel and the insulation board has the serious problems of aging, falling, leakage and falling of the insulation core material and the decoration surface layer under the action conditions of outdoor long-term dry-wet cycle, freeze-thaw cycle, cold-hot alternation, ultraviolet irradiation and the like, and the safety and the durability of the building are seriously influenced. Meanwhile, in the process of compounding the plates, the discharge of VOC (volatile organic compounds) of organic materials exceeds the standard, so that potential safety hazards of fire exist, and the safety and health of human bodies are seriously influenced. In addition, the present fireproof heat-insulation composite board is a structure of one layer of heat-insulation board and one layer of decoration panel, and the structure is easy to deform in use, so that the composite board on the surface of a wall body is easy to fall off, and the attractiveness of a building is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite decorative plate, which aims to solve the problems that the existing composite decorative plate is easy to deform and has poor fireproof performance due to the fact that an adhesive is used as an adhesive material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a composite trim panel comprising: the heat insulation board comprises a first decoration panel, a second decoration panel and a heat insulation board positioned between the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel; the insulation board is integrally connected with the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel respectively.
Further, the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-30 parts of ordinary white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 0.1-0.2 part of retarder and 3-7 parts of adhesive; the aluminous cement includes at least one of aluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement.
Further, the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-30 parts of ordinary white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 5-10 parts of shrinkage reducing component, 0.1-0.2 part of retarder, 0.1-0.3 part of coagulant, 2-5 parts of binder and 10-30 parts of graded selected aggregate.
Furthermore, reinforcing layers are arranged inside the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel, and the reinforcing layers are reinforcing net layers or reinforcing fiber layers.
Further, the reinforcing layer is of a net structure and comprises at least one of a glass fiber net, a carbon fiber net, a basalt net or a steel wire net.
Further, the reinforcing layer is a reinforcing fiber layer, and the reinforcing fibers in the reinforcing fiber layer comprise at least one of polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers or basalt fibers.
Further, the heat insulation board comprises at least one of a thermosetting board, a homogeneous board, a silicon board, a rock wool board, a mineral wool board, a foamed cement board, a foamed glass board, a foamed ceramic board, a perlite board, an extruded board, a polystyrene board, a graphite modified board, a phenolic aldehyde board or a polyurethane board.
Furthermore, the composite decorative plate is provided with a preset connecting piece for connecting with a wall body.
The preparation method of the composite decorative plate comprises the following steps:
coating surface materials on the surfaces of the two sides of the heat-insulation board, and respectively forming a first decoration panel and a second decoration panel on the two sides of the heat-insulation board after the surface materials are cured to prepare the composite decoration board;
or the like, or, alternatively,
the composite decorative board is formed by sequentially coating a surface material, a heat-insulating layer material and a surface material and curing the materials to form the composite decorative board with the first decorative panel, the heat-insulating plate and the second decorative panel.
Further, a first layer of surface material is placed in a mold, then the surface of the first layer of surface material is paved with the heat-insulation board or the heat-insulation layer material, then a second layer of surface material is paved on the surface of the heat-insulation board or the heat-insulation layer material, and the composite decorative board is formed after curing treatment.
The technical scheme provided by the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the composite decorative plate provided by the invention adopts a structure of the double-sided plate and the heat-insulating plate, so that the composite decorative plate can be effectively prevented from deforming in the use process, and further prevented from falling off from a building. In addition, the heat-insulating plate in the composite decorative plate is respectively and integrally connected with the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel, so that the bonding strength of the heat-insulating plate and the two panels is improved, and the use of a bonding agent is avoided, thereby improving the fire safety and the connection reliability of the composite decorative plate.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite decorative panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numbers: 10-a first decorative panel; 20-a heat-insulating plate; 30-a second decorative panel.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
It should be noted that: in the present invention, all the embodiments and preferred methods mentioned herein can be combined with each other to form a new technical solution, if not specifically stated. In the present invention, all the technical features mentioned herein and preferred features may be combined with each other to form a new technical solution, if not specifically stated. In the present invention, the percentage (%) or parts means the weight percentage or parts by weight with respect to the composition, if not otherwise specified. In the present invention, the components referred to or the preferred components thereof may be combined with each other to form a novel embodiment, if not specifically stated. In the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the numerical range "a-b" represents a shorthand representation of any combination of real numbers between a and b, where a and b are both real numbers. For example, a numerical range of "6 to 22" means that all real numbers between "6 to 22" have been listed herein, and "6 to 22" is simply a shorthand representation of the combination of these values. The "ranges" disclosed herein may have one or more lower limits and one or more upper limits, respectively, in the form of lower limits and upper limits. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the individual reactions or operation steps may be performed sequentially or may be performed in sequence. Preferably, the reaction processes herein are carried out sequentially. Unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as is familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods or materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the present invention.
The existing composite decorative board generally adopts a structure of one layer of insulation board and one layer of panel, and when the composite decorative board is installed, the panel faces outwards to play a role in decorating buildings. However, the panel is exposed for a long time, and is easy to deform and fall off under the action conditions of dry-wet cycle, freeze-thaw cycle, cold-hot alternation, ultraviolet irradiation and the like.
In order to solve the problem, the present invention provides a composite decorative panel, as shown in fig. 1, including a first decorative panel 10 and a second decorative panel 30, and a heat insulating panel 20 located between the first decorative panel 10 and the second decorative panel 30; the heat insulating board 20 is integrally connected to the first decorative panel 10 and the second decorative panel 30, respectively.
According to the composite decorative plate provided by the invention, the two panels are respectively arranged on the two sides of the heat insulation plate, wherein the first decorative panel on one side is used for decorating a building, and the second decorative panel on the other side is used for contacting with a wall body of the building. Because the second decoration panel is in between wall body and the heated board, is in relative confined space, consequently, the second decoration panel is difficult for receiving external environment's interference, is difficult for taking place to warp, can keep good structural stability, from this, adopts the structure of double sided board with the heated board, can prevent effectively that composite decoration board from taking place deformation in the use, further prevents that it from taking place to drop from the building. Meanwhile, the heat-insulating plate in the composite decorative plate is integrally connected with the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel respectively, so that the bonding strength of the heat-insulating plate and the two panels is improved, and the use of a bonding agent is avoided, thereby improving the fire safety and the connection reliability of the composite decorative plate.
In order to realize an integrated connection structure of the insulation board and the decoration panel and further improve the bonding performance of the insulation board and the decoration panel, so that the decoration panel is not easy to fall off, in one possible embodiment of the invention, facing material slurry of the decoration panel is directly coated on the surface of the insulation board for curing, or the material of the insulation board and the facing material are bonded in a plasticized state and then solidified, so that an integrated composite decoration board is formed, and better bonding performance is obtained.
In order to ensure that the facing material has good adhesive property and gel curing property, and simultaneously has the requirements of the strength and the surface property of the facing material. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-30 parts of ordinary white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 0.1-0.2 part of retarder and 3-7 parts of adhesive; the aluminous cement includes at least one of aluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement.
In the decorative panel of the composite decorative panel, firstly, ordinary white cement is selected as a main material, has better hydration coagulation performance, simultaneously has very high whiteness and bright color and is suitable for building decorative materials, but because the strength is lower, the inventor adopts at least one of aluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement to be mixed with the ordinary white cement so as to reinforce the strength of the decorative panel material, and simultaneously, the aluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement also have the characteristics of good early strength, high strength, frost resistance, corrosion resistance, fire resistance, permeability resistance and the like, are favorable for improving the coagulation hardening speed of the decorative panel material, and can be mutually reinforced with the ordinary white cement. However, when the ordinary white cement is mixed with aluminate cement or sulphoaluminate cement, the setting speed is increased sharply, and even the phenomenon of 'flash-set' occurs, so that the inventor adds a retarder in the components of the facing material to control the setting speed of the facing material.
Further, because the bonding strength that will make keeps fine between the architectural surface that the facing material formed and the heated board needs the adhesive property of reinforcing facing material itself, also need to make simultaneously can be fine bonding between the cement, and then the architectural surface after the solidification is difficult to drop, warp and the pulverization. Therefore, the adhesive is added to the facing material to improve the overall adhesion properties of the facing material and the bonding properties between the components.
Therefore, through the component selection and scientific proportioning of 10-30 parts of ordinary white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 0.1-0.2 part of retarder and 3-7 parts of adhesive, the finishing material premix formed by the combination of the ordinary white cement and the aluminum-containing cement can be mixed with water to form a finishing material, and the finishing material can have good setting and hardening properties and also has strong adhesive property, and can form an integrated composite board with a heat insulation board after being set and hardened. So that the formed decorative surface layer is not easy to age and fall off and has high safety factor; meanwhile, the decorative surface layer formed by the cement components as the main raw materials has better heat preservation and fire resistance, and is not easy to drop slag and pulverize.
As a further preferred embodiment, the preparation raw materials of the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel comprise, by weight:
10-30 parts of ordinary white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 5-10 parts of shrinkage reducing component, 0.1-0.2 part of retarder, 0.1-0.3 part of coagulant, 2-5 parts of binder and 10-30 parts of graded selected aggregate.
The shrinkage reducing component comprises but is not limited to calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent, gypsum powder, lime, metal oxide and alunite inorganic expanding agent, and reacts with cement to generate alunite crystal or hydroxide to generate volume expansion compensation later shrinkage; the polyether or polyalcohol organic shrinkage reducing agent reduces the surface tension of cement stone capillary pore water and reduces the shrinkage force in the water evaporation process, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing shrinkage.
The coagulant includes but is not limited to calcium chloride, sodium nitrite, sodium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium metaaluminate, lithium carbonate, lithium chloride, lithium hydroxide, aluminum sulfate or sodium carbonate, etc., and after being mixed with cement and added with water, the cement hydration reaction is accelerated, so as to improve the early strength.
Grading fine aggregate including but not limited to quartz sand, river sand, tailing sand, glass aggregate, shell, jade, color sand, stone waste and the like is matched according to a certain grading, so that the effects of reducing shrinkage, reducing water consumption and improving strength are achieved, and meanwhile, the aggregate has a good decorative effect after being hardened.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a reinforcing layer is disposed inside each of the first and second decorative panels, and the reinforcing layer is a reinforcing mesh layer or a reinforcing fiber layer.
Through setting up the enhancement layer, can improve the tensile strength of first decoration panel and second decoration panel, further improve composite decoration board's stability.
In some embodiments of the invention, the reinforcing layer is a mesh structure comprising at least one of a glass fiber mesh, a carbon fiber mesh, a basalt mesh, or a steel wire mesh.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the reinforcing layer is a reinforcing fiber layer, and the reinforcing fibers in the reinforcing fiber layer include at least one of polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, or basalt fibers.
In some embodiments of the invention, the insulation board comprises at least one of a thermoset board, a homogeneous board, a silicone board, a rock wool board, a mineral wool board, a foamed cement board, a foamed glass board, a foamed ceramic board, a perlite board, an extruded board, a polystyrene board, a graphite modified board, a phenolic board, or a polyurethane board.
The composite decorative plate is characterized in that a preset connecting piece for connecting with a wall body is arranged on the composite decorative plate, the preset connecting piece can be a prefabricated square groove, a cavity structure is arranged in the square groove, during installation, an L-shaped anchoring piece can be inserted into the square groove, and the other side of the anchoring piece is connected with the wall body, so that the composite decorative plate is connected with the wall body.
The 'L' type anchoring piece with adjustable thickness can be selected for use during installation, one end of the anchoring piece can be inserted into the heat-insulation board and is reinforced with the adhesive in an auxiliary mode, and the other end of the anchoring piece is connected with the wall body.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the composite decorative board, which comprises the following steps:
coating surface materials on the surfaces of the two sides of the heat-insulation board, and respectively forming a first decoration panel and a second decoration panel on the two sides of the heat-insulation board after the surface materials are cured to prepare the composite decoration board;
or the like, or, alternatively,
the composite decorative board is formed by sequentially coating a surface material, a heat-insulating layer material and a surface material and curing the materials to form the composite decorative board with the first decorative panel, the heat-insulating plate and the second decorative panel.
The preparation method provided by the invention directly coats the surface material on two sides of the heat-insulation board, and the heat-insulation board and the surface material are integrated into a whole through curing treatment in a plastic state, or the surface material and the heat-insulation layer material are directly utilized to form the composite decorative board which is integrally connected, so that the composite decorative board with the double-layer decorative panel structure is formed. The method can effectively avoid using organic binder, so that the decoration panel and the insulation board form stable connection from the inside of the self structure, and the connection strength of the decoration panel and the insulation board is far greater than the bonding strength achieved by using the binder.
The heat insulating layer material comprises, for example, a light heat insulating material or a physically and chemically foamed concrete material formed by mixing inorganic cementing materials such as cement-based materials, magnesium materials, mineral powder or fly ash and the like with polyphenyl particles, polyurethane particles, graphite modified particles, perlite particles, expanded vermiculite, ceramsite, ceramic sand and the like. The fire-resistant grades of the composite decorative plate prepared by the material are all A grade.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a first layer of facing material is placed in a mold, and then the insulation board or the insulation layer material is laid on the surface of the first layer of facing material, and then a second layer of facing material is laid on the surface of the insulation board or the insulation layer material, and the composite decoration board is formed after curing treatment.
Wherein, the bottom of the mould can be provided with different pattern shapes. The mold is one or more of silica gel mold, polyurethane mold, plastic mold, glass fiber reinforced plastic mold, wood mold, plaster mold, polyphenyl board mold, aluminum mold or rubber mold.
In some embodiments of the invention, composite trim panels may be prepared using an automated metered flat die running apparatus. The single mold continuously runs on the flat mold running equipment, the storage bin is arranged at a specific node position of the equipment, when the mold runs to the node, the storage bin is opened, and the material stored in the storage bin falls into the mold according to a preset metering value. The middle part of the equipment is provided with a scraper blade, a roller or a vibration device for leveling the material. In addition, the equipment is also provided with an automatic mesh cloth laying device. The running length of the die in the equipment can be adjusted according to the hardening time of the material, so that the manipulator can be used for overturning and stripping the die after the material is hardened. After the material is hardened, the subsequent treatment processes of spraying, 3D printing, carving, dyeing, grinding, polishing, acid washing, transfer printing and the like can be selectively carried out.
When the bottom surface material is to keep a plastic state, nano micropore A-grade fireproof heat preservation slurry formed by mixing cement, master batch, polyphenyl granules and water is poured or an A-grade fireproof heat preservation plate (such as a thermosetting heat preservation plate) is paved, a high flow state surface material is poured above the heat preservation layer, so that the heat preservation layer and the upper and lower side materials are integrated, and a double-sided composite ABA whole is formed after hardening.
Example 1
The embodiment is a composite decorative board, as shown in fig. 1, including a first decorative panel, a second decorative panel, and a heat insulation board located between the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel; the insulation board is integrally connected with the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel respectively; the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of ordinary white cement, 20 parts of aluminate cement, 0.15 part of citric acid and 4 parts of dispersed emulsion powder.
The composite decorative board is prepared by the following method:
the first layer of surface material is placed in a mould, then the surface of the first layer of surface material is paved with a heat-insulating layer material, then the surface of the heat-insulating layer material is paved with a second layer of surface material, and the composite decorative plate is formed after curing treatment.
The liquid heat-insulating layer material is a pouring type A-level fireproof heat-insulating slurry, and is a nano-microporous slurry coated A-level material formed by fusing cement, master batch, polyphenyl particles, water and fibers together.
Example 2
This example is a composite decorative sheet having the same structure as the composite decorative sheet of example 1, and the respective raw materials are also the same.
The composite decorative board is prepared by the following method:
the first layer of surface material is placed in a mould, the surface of the first layer of surface material is paved with the heat-insulation plate, the surface of the heat-insulation plate is paved with the second layer of surface material, and the composite decorative plate is formed after curing treatment.
The heat insulation board is a thermosetting composite heat insulation board and is prepared by utilizing the heat insulation layer material in the embodiment 1.
Examples 3 to 6
Embodiments 3 to 6 are each a composite decorative sheet, and the difference between the composite decorative sheet and embodiment 1 is that the used insulation board is different, specifically referring to table 1.
Example 7
Embodiment 7 is a composite decorative panel, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are made of different raw materials, specifically:
10-30 parts of ordinary white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 5-10 parts of calcium sulfoaluminate expanding agent, 0.1-0.2 part of retarder, 0.1-0.3 part of coagulant, 2-5 parts of adhesive,
20 parts of ordinary white cement, 20 parts of aluminate cement, 7 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent, 0.2 part of calcium chloride, 0.15 part of citric acid, 4 parts of dispersed emulsion powder and 15 parts of graded and selected aggregate quartz sand.
Example 8
Embodiment 8 is a composite decorative panel, which is different from embodiment 7 in that the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are made of different raw materials, specifically:
20 parts of ordinary white cement, 20 parts of aluminate cement, 10 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent, 0.1 part of calcium chloride, 0.15 part of citric acid, 4 parts of dispersed emulsion powder and 25 parts of graded and selected aggregate quartz sand.
Example 9
Embodiment 9 is a composite decorative panel, which is different from embodiment 7 in that the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are made of different raw materials, specifically:
20 parts of ordinary white cement, 20 parts of aluminate cement, 5 parts of calcium sulphoaluminate expanding agent, 0.3 part of calcium chloride, 0.15 part of citric acid, 4 parts of dispersed emulsion powder and 10 parts of graded and selected aggregate quartz sand.
Example 10
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is a composite decorative board, including heated board and the decoration panel that is located heated board one side surface. The decorative panel comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of ordinary white cement, 20 parts of aluminate cement, 0.15 part of retarder and 4 parts of adhesive.
The composite decorative board is prepared by the following method:
the heat insulation board is placed in a mold, then a surface layer material is paved on the surface of the heat insulation board, and the composite decorative board is formed after curing treatment.
The thermosetting composite insulation board adopted by the insulation board is the same as that in embodiment 2.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is a composite decorative panel that differs from comparative example 1 in that the capstock used will be different, which in this comparative example will be specifically: 40% of 42.5-grade white portland cement, and graded aggregate: 60 percent and the water-material ratio is 0.25. The other preparation process steps are the same as in comparative example 1.
TABLE 1
| Serial number | Kind of insulation board |
| Example 1 | Fluid state heat preservation slurry |
| Example 2 | Thermosetting composite thermal insulation board |
| Example 3 | Foamed cement heat-insulation board |
| Example 4 | Pearlite insulation board |
| Example 5 | Rock wool insulation board |
| Example 6 | Foamed glass heat insulation board |
| Example 7 | Thermosetting composite thermal insulation board |
| Example 8 | Thermosetting composite thermal insulation board |
| Example 9 | Thermosetting composite thermal insulation board |
| Example 10 | Thermosetting composite thermal insulation board |
| Comparative example 1 | Thermosetting composite thermal insulation board |
| Comparative example 2 | Thermosetting composite thermal insulation board |
The composite decorative panels provided in examples 1 to 10 were subjected to various performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 2, the pouring type a-level fireproof heat-insulating slurry is an a-level material coated with nano-microporous slurry formed by fusing cement, master batch, polyphenyl particles, water and fibers together, and compared with the traditional pressed thermosetting composite heat-insulating board, the pouring type a-level fireproof heat-insulating slurry has better fireproof effect and lower heat value because a large amount of nano-microporous slurry generates larger volume for coating; meanwhile, air holes generated by a large amount of microporous nano slurry have good heat preservation effect, and play a role in organic and inorganic material superposition and inorganic packaging organic 'packaging isolation' on the heat preservation effect of polyphenyl granules, and meanwhile, in the aspect of equipment investment, pressing equipment is not required to be added for pre-pressing a blank body and the equipment investment for cutting the blank body into plates, only one-time bonding is required in the forming process, the investment of the fluid state heat preservation slurry is saved, dust is avoided, and the method is energy-saving, economical and environment-friendly. The surface layer high-strength slurry and the nano micropore heat-insulating slurry are effectively connected in a wet state, so that the fusion property is good, and the bonding strength is higher.
Compared with other A-grade fireproof heat-insulating materials in the market, the fluid heat-insulating slurry has the advantages of lower density, high bonding strength, good bearing capacity and low heat conductivity coefficient. Therefore, the method has the characteristics of small investment, good performance and convenient production, and has wide market prospect and development space.
In addition, the composite decorative sheet of the double-sided composite structure provided in example 2 and the composite decorative sheet of the single-sided composite structure provided in comparative example 1 were subjected to a long-term deformation rate test, a bending resistance load-carrying capacity test, and an internal bonding strength test, and failure rates in actual transportation construction processes were counted, and the results are listed in table 3.
TABLE 3
From the test data in table 3, the following points can be seen:
compared with a double-sided composite (ABA) structure, the single-sided composite (AB) structure and the double-sided composite (ABA) structure have the advantages that the deformation difference between the single-sided composite (AB) structure and the double-sided composite structure is basically not large within 30 days, but along with the prolonging of the age time, after 365 days, the single-sided composite board reaches-0.1 percent, the difference is close to 20 times compared with the double-sided composite (ABA) structure, and the reason is that the self density of the heat-insulating board or slurry is low (generally within 180Kg/m 3), and the strength is low (generally only 0.1-0.5 MPa); the compression strength of the plate formed by hardening the single-side composite inorganic slurry is more than 50MPa, the difference between the elastic modulus of the plate and the elastic modulus of the plate is too large, and the plate is caused by deformation caused by different stresses under the action of wet bonding. Although the proportion of the surface layer material is effectively controlled, the deformation is still larger compared with the structural form of double-sided composite. And after a double-sided composite (ABA) structure is adopted, the same deformation is formed on the two sides to generate the same amount of constraint action, and further deformation and warping cannot be generated.
From the test data of comparative example 2 and example 10, it can be seen that the plane materiel made of the ordinary cement mortar using the white portland cement has a large self-shrinkage deformation amount, and the deformation amount is greatly reduced after the double-sided composite (ABA) structure is adopted.
2) The bending resistance bearing capacity represents whether the board is easy to break, and when the composite decorative layer is of a single-side composite (AB type) structure, the heat-insulating layer is a weak layer and is easy to break under the action of external force; when the composite decorative plate adopts a double-sided composite (ABA) structure, the protective layers are arranged on two sides of the thermal insulation material, the bearing capacity is strong under the action of external force, and the forces on the two sides are superposed, so that the bending resistance bearing capacity is better, the two layers are only 0.8 times when being compared with a single-sided composite (AB) structure, and the two layers are 2.5 times when being compared with a double-sided composite (ABA) structure. Furthermore, the greater the gauge of the sheet, the smaller the thickness, and the more important the flexural capacity.
3) When the decoration and heat preservation integrated plate is bonded with a wall body by adopting bonding mortar, the single-sided composite (AB) structure is that the heat preservation plate is connected with the bonding agent, and the tensile bonding strength is low because the heat preservation plate has low strength and although the interface heat preservation layer is damaged in stretching, the interface edge is close to the interface; when a double-sided composite (ABA) structure is adopted, the panel is bonded with the bonding mortar, and the panel has high strength and high tensile stress. In the tensile failure test, the failure interface is in the 'heat-insulating layer', so the tensile bonding strength is high. Therefore, the high tensile bonding strength of the double-sided composite (ABA) structure can ensure the overall safety of the building structure, and the hidden danger of hollowing and falling between the heat-insulating material and the wall body is avoided.
4) In the panel transportation, only one deck panel is the enhancement layer in the compound (AB) structure of single face, and the heated board is the weak layer, and the heated board receives destruction easily, and panel edge is in "unsettled" simultaneously, falls the angle in the transportation, decreases the limit phenomenon very serious. When the double-sided composite (ABA) structure is adopted, the upper panel and the lower panel are reinforcing layers at the same time, the heat insulation material cannot be damaged, and meanwhile, the double-layer parallel panels increase the integral strength of the composite decorative plate and cannot be damaged. In practical application, the corner drop and edge damage of the decorative plate can seriously affect the overall aesthetic effect of the building outer wall, even the physical and mechanical properties. When a double-sided composite (ABA) structure is adopted, the problem is completely avoided from the design aspect.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composite decorative panel, comprising: the heat insulation board comprises a first decoration panel, a second decoration panel and a heat insulation board positioned between the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel; the insulation board is integrally connected with the first decoration panel and the second decoration panel respectively.
2. The composite decorative panel of claim 1, wherein the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are prepared from raw materials in parts by weight comprising:
10-30 parts of ordinary white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 0.1-0.2 part of retarder and 3-7 parts of adhesive; the aluminous cement includes at least one of aluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement.
3. The composite decorative panel of claim 2, wherein the first decorative panel and the second decorative panel are prepared from raw materials in parts by weight comprising:
10-30 parts of ordinary white cement, 10-50 parts of aluminum-containing cement, 5-10 parts of shrinkage reducing component, 0.1-0.2 part of retarder, 0.1-0.3 part of coagulant, 2-5 parts of binder and 10-30 parts of graded selected aggregate.
4. The composite trim panel of claim 1 wherein a reinforcing layer is disposed within each of the first and second trim panels, the reinforcing layer being a reinforcing mesh layer or a reinforcing fiber layer.
5. The composite trim panel of claim 4 wherein the reinforcement layer is a mesh structure comprising at least one of a glass fiber mesh, a carbon fiber mesh, a basalt mesh, or a steel wire mesh.
6. The composite trim panel of claim 4 wherein the reinforcement layer is a layer of reinforcing fibers, the reinforcing fibers in the layer of reinforcing fibers including at least one of polypropylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, or basalt fibers.
7. The composite decorative panel of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the insulation panel comprises at least one of a thermoset panel, a homogeneous panel, a silica panel, a rock wool panel, a mineral wool panel, a foamed cement panel, a foamed glass panel, a foamed ceramic panel, a perlite panel, an extruded panel, a polystyrene panel, a graphite modified panel, a phenolic panel, or a polyurethane panel.
8. The composite decorative panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the composite decorative panel is provided with a predetermined connecting member for connecting with a wall.
9. A method of making a composite decorative panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
coating surface materials on the surfaces of the two sides of the heat-insulation board, and respectively forming a first decoration panel and a second decoration panel on the two sides of the heat-insulation board after the surface materials are cured to prepare the composite decoration board;
or the like, or, alternatively,
the composite decorative board is formed by sequentially coating a surface material, a heat-insulating layer material and a surface material and curing the materials to form the composite decorative board with the first decorative panel, the heat-insulating plate and the second decorative panel.
10. The preparation method of claim 9, wherein a first layer of facing material is placed in a mold, then the insulation board or the insulation layer material is laid on the surface of the first layer of facing material, then a second layer of facing material is laid on the surface of the insulation board or the insulation layer material, and the composite decorative board is formed after curing treatment.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112250331A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-22 | 重庆市荣昌区新兴建材有限公司 | Wallboard adhesive |
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