CN111398073B - CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device and method - Google Patents
CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111398073B CN111398073B CN202010119189.1A CN202010119189A CN111398073B CN 111398073 B CN111398073 B CN 111398073B CN 202010119189 A CN202010119189 A CN 202010119189A CN 111398073 B CN111398073 B CN 111398073B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention provides a CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device and method, and relates to the technical field of underground engineering and mining engineering reinforcement. The method comprises the following steps: step 1: manufacturing a coal sample test piece; step 2: reinforcing a coal sample test piece according to CFRP, wherein W strain gauges are arranged on the CFRP reinforced coal pillar test piece and are connected with a dynamic resistance strain gauge; step 3: placing the coal sample test piece provided with the strain gauge on an experimental platform, and uniformly and upwards applying load to the lower surface of the coal sample test piece until the load is loaded to sigma 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Step 4: lifting the force application object to a height h, and releasing the force application object so that impact energy generated by free falling of the force application object can be transmitted to the upper surface of the coal sample test piece provided with the strain gauge; step 5: and obtaining a coal sample impact disturbance chart. The method is simple to operate, can simulate the damage profile of the reserved coal pillar in the coal mine tunnel under the influence of mining disturbance, and has important significance on the safety evaluation of the coal mine tunnel under the effect of mining disturbance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering and mining engineering reinforcement, in particular to a CFRP reinforcement coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device and method.
Background
In the coal resource exploitation process, dynamic load disturbance such as coal cutting, top-bottom plate cracking, blasting and the like of a machine set inevitably exists, the stress state of coal and rock is gradually deteriorated, and dynamic disasters such as impact mine pressure, mine vibration and the like induced by the action of the strong dynamic load are more frequent. The evolution of the fracture structure of the coal rock mass under the influence of mining is a key for determining the mining efficiency and ensuring the safe production of the coal mine. Coal belongs to brittle materials, is extremely easy to damage under mining disturbance, and leads to the large deformation damage instability of a roadway coal pillar which is difficult to control.
At present, students at home and abroad have made a great deal of research on the aspect of damage expansion of rock under impact load, and have obtained some important achievements, but the research on the aspect of mechanical properties of reserved coal pillars in deep coal mine tunnels under impact load is relatively less, the prior art adopts a split Hopkinson pressure bar method to research the mechanical properties of coal samples under impact load, the method has higher requirements on test equipment, has complicated operation, can not simulate the stress states of the coal samples under different burial depths, and can not perform test research on large coal samples, so that the defects can be overcome better, and the mechanical properties of reserved coal pillars in deep coal mine tunnels under impact load can be simulated accurately and reliably.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device and the CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test method, which are simple to operate, can simulate the damage profile of reserved coal pillars in a coal mine tunnel under the influence of mining disturbance, and have important significance for the safety evaluation of the coal mine tunnel under the effect of mining disturbance.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device, which comprises a supporting device, a pulley a, a pulley b, a traction wire, a force application object, a movable steel beam, a bowl-shaped base, a supporting steel plate, a load sensor, a hydraulic steel plate, a motor and an automatic winch;
the supporting device comprises a steel column a, a steel column b and a fixed cross beam;
the movable steel beam and the hydraulic steel plate are respectively and movably connected with the steel column a and the steel column b, the bowl-shaped base is arranged on the movable steel beam, the pulley a and the pulley b are fixed on the fixed cross beam, one end of the traction wire is connected with the automatic winch through the pulley a and the pulley b, the other end of the traction wire is connected with the force application object, the force application object is suspended right above the bowl-shaped base, the supporting steel plate is arranged below the movable steel beam, the motor is connected with the hydraulic steel plate, and the load sensor is arranged above the hydraulic steel plate.
On the other hand, the invention provides a CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test method, which is realized by the CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device and comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting a coal sample in a deep mine site, and processing the coal sample into a cylindrical test piece with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100 mm;
step 2: reinforcing a coal sample test piece according to CFRP, wherein W strain gauges are arranged on the CFRP reinforced coal pillar test piece and are connected with a dynamic resistance strain gauge;
step 3: placing the coal sample test piece provided with the strain gauge in the step 2 on an experimental platform, namely between the supporting steel plate and the load sensing, and uniformly and upwards applying load to the lower surface of the coal sample test piece until the load is loaded to sigma 1 ；
Step 4: load to sigma 1 After stabilization, lifting the force application object to a height h, releasing the force application object, so that impact energy generated by free falling of the force application object can be transmitted to the upper surface of the coal sample test piece provided with the strain gauge, wherein the impact energy needs to be uniformly transmitted to the upper surface of the coal sample test piece, and circularly impacting until the test piece is damaged;
step 5: and outputting data to a computer end by the dynamic resistance strain gauge to obtain a coal sample impact disturbance chart.
The processing method of the coal sample in the step 1 comprises the following steps: polishing and flattening the protruding part of the surface of the coal sample short column test piece by using an angle grinder, removing floating ash on the surface by using sand paper, flattening the protruding part of the surface by using a cutting machine, polishing the corner into an arc shape to obtain a cylindrical test piece with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100mm, and cleaning, drying and no greasy dirt the surface of the cylindrical test piece.
The reinforcing method of the coal sample test piece in the step 2 comprises the following steps: the CFRP cloth is bonded with a coal sample test piece through resin type impregnating adhesive, a layer of impregnating adhesive is uniformly coated on the front side and the back side of the CFRP cloth and the surface of the test piece, then the CFRP cloth is wound from the starting end of the surface of the test piece, and the reinforcing layer number is set according to experimental requirements.
Sigma in the step 3 1 The specific formula of (2) is as follows:
σ 1 ＝γH
wherein gamma is the volume weight of coal, and H is the burial depth of the coal pillar.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to produce lie in: according to the CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device and method provided by the invention, the constant load is applied to the test piece, and the impact load is applied to the test piece after the load is stable, so that the evolution rule of the damage condition, the compressive strength and the ductile change of reserved coal pillars in coal mine tunnels under different burial depths under mining disturbance or impact disturbance can be effectively simulated. The method provides a technical path for researching the mechanical properties of deep roadway coal pillars under the impact disturbance action, simultaneously provides a theoretical basis for reinforcing the coal mine roadway under the mining disturbance action, has important significance for evaluating the safety of the coal mine roadway under the mining disturbance action, and has good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a path diagram of an impact load test provided by the embodiment of the invention, wherein a is a coal sample impact frequency diagram, and b is a coal sample stress state diagram;
the device comprises a 1-steel column a, a 2-steel column b, a 3-fixed cross beam, a 4-pulley a, a 5-pulley b, a 6-traction wire, a 7-force application object, an 8-movable steel beam, a 9-bowl-shaped base, a 10-supporting steel plate, an 11-load sensor, a 12-hydraulic steel plate, a 13-motor, a 14-automatic winch and a 15-CFRP reinforced coal column test piece.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment is described below.
On one hand, the invention provides a CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device, which comprises a supporting device, a pulley a4, a pulley b5, a traction wire 6, a force application object 7, a movable steel beam 8, a bowl-shaped base 9, a supporting steel plate 10, a load sensor 11, a hydraulic steel plate 12, a motor 13 and an automatic winch 14;
the supporting device comprises a steel column a1, a steel column b2 and a fixed cross beam 3;
the movable steel beam 8 and the hydraulic steel plate 12 are respectively and movably connected with the steel column a1 and the steel column b2, the bowl-shaped base 9 is arranged on the movable steel beam 8, the pulley a4 and the pulley b5 are fixed on the fixed cross beam 3, one end of the traction wire 6 is connected with the automatic winch 14 through the pulley a4 and the pulley b5, the other end of the traction wire is connected with the force application object 7, the force application object 7 is suspended above the bowl-shaped base 9, the supporting steel plate 15 is arranged below the movable steel beam 8, the motor 13 is connected with the hydraulic steel plate 12, and the load sensor 11 is arranged above the hydraulic steel plate 12.
On the other hand, the invention provides a CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test method, which is realized by the CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device, as shown in fig. 2, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting a coal sample in a deep mine site, and processing the coal sample into a cylindrical test piece with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100 mm;
the processing method comprises the following steps: polishing and flattening the protruding part of the surface of the coal sample short column test piece by using an angle grinder, removing floating ash on the surface by using sand paper, flattening the protruding part of the surface by using a cutting machine, polishing the corner into an arc shape to obtain a cylindrical test piece with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100mm, and cleaning, drying and no greasy dirt the surface of the cylindrical test piece.
Step 2: reinforcing a coal sample test piece according to CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic), wherein W strain gauges are arranged on the CFRP reinforced coal pillar test piece and are connected with a dynamic resistance strain gauge;
the reinforcing method of the coal sample test piece comprises the following steps: the CFRP cloth is bonded with a coal sample test piece through resin type impregnating adhesive, a layer of impregnating adhesive is uniformly coated on the front side and the back side of the CFRP cloth and the surface of the test piece, then the CFRP cloth is wound from the starting end of the surface of the test piece, and the reinforcing layer number is set according to experimental requirements.
In the embodiment, a layer of impregnating adhesive is uniformly coated on the front surface, the back surface and the surface of a coal pillar test piece of CFRP cloth, one end of the CFRP cloth is aligned with the starting point of a coal sample, the carbon fiber cloth is lightly pressed and smoothed by hand along the wrapping direction, and then a plastic scraper is repeatedly scraped and pressed on the surface of the carbon fiber cloth along the winding direction until the adhesive material seeps out, so that bubbles are removed, and the carbon fiber cloth and the coal sample are fully clung to each other without gaps. And fixing the strain gauge on a transparent adhesive tape, uniformly coating a layer 502 of quick adhesive on the marked part and the strain gauge substrate respectively, and quickly positioning the strain gauge according to the correct position when the adhesive layer is sticky, and slightly pressing with fingers.
Step 3: placing the coal sample test piece provided with the strain gauge in the step 2 on an experimental platform, namely, between the supporting steel plate and the load sensor, uniformly and upwards applying load to the lower surface of the coal sample test piece until the load is loaded to sigma 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Simulating the ground stress born by a coal sample test piece in a coal mine tunnel under different burial depths;
σ 1 the specific formula of (2) is as follows:
σ 1 ＝γH
wherein gamma is the volume weight of coal, and H is the burial depth of the coal pillar.
In the present embodiment, the ground stress is σ 1 Is 0.5MPa/s;
step 4: load to sigma 1 After stabilization, lifting the force application object to a height h, releasing the force application object, so that impact energy generated by free falling of the force application object can be transmitted to the upper surface of the coal sample test piece provided with the strain gauge, wherein the impact energy needs to be uniformly transmitted to the upper surface of the coal sample test piece; observing the change condition of the CFRP reinforced coal sample test piece, and circularly impacting until the test piece is damaged;
the automatic winch in the embodiment can instantly release the steel ball under the control of a computer, and can control the release frequency of the steel ball and the falling height of the steel ball. The impact energy generated by the free fall of the steel ball is calculated according to the formula e= mgh.
In this embodiment, the force application object is a steel ball;
step 5: and outputting data to a computer end by the dynamic resistance strain gauge to obtain a coal sample impact disturbance chart.
The coal pillar test piece in the method can also be replaced by a concrete pillar and a rock pillar
As shown in FIG. 3, the CFRP reinforced coal pillar test piece is subjected to three forces, σ 1 Is the ground stress, sigma 3 Circumferential restraining force, sigma, provided for CFRP cloth D Is an impact load. Ground stress is loaded to sigma 1 After stopping loading, the loading time is t 1 AB segment is a loading stable stage, and the time is t 1 -t 2 And (3) starting an impact load test at the point B, controlling the impact frequency to be 5 times/min, and circularly impacting until the test piece is damaged.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced with equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions, which are defined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test method is realized by simulating a CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance test device and is characterized in that:
the CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance simulation test device comprises:
the device comprises a supporting device, a pulley a, a pulley b, a traction wire, a force application object, a movable steel beam, a bowl-shaped base, a supporting steel plate, a load sensor, a hydraulic steel plate, a motor and an automatic winch;
the supporting device comprises a steel column a, a steel column b and a fixed cross beam;
the movable steel beam and the hydraulic steel plate are respectively and movably connected with a steel column a and a steel column b, the bowl-shaped base is arranged on the movable steel beam, the pulley a and the pulley b are fixed on the fixed cross beam, one end of the traction wire is connected with the automatic winch through the pulley a and the pulley b, the other end of the traction wire is connected with the force application object, the force application object is suspended right above the bowl-shaped base, the supporting steel plate is arranged below the movable steel beam, the motor is connected with the hydraulic steel plate, and the load sensor is arranged above the hydraulic steel plate;
the test method for the CFRP reinforced coal sample impact disturbance test device comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting a coal sample in a deep mine site, and processing the coal sample into a cylindrical test piece with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100mm, wherein the processing method of the coal sample comprises the following steps: polishing and flattening the protruding part of the surface of the coal sample short column test piece by using an angle grinder, removing floating ash on the surface by using sand paper, flattening the protruding part of the surface by using a cutting machine, polishing the corner into an arc shape to obtain a cylindrical test piece with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100mm, wherein the surface of the cylindrical test piece is required to be clean, dry and free from oil dirt;
step 2: reinforcing a coal sample test piece according to CFRP, wherein W strain gauges are arranged on the CFRP reinforced coal column test piece and are connected with a dynamic resistance strain gauge, and the reinforcing method of the coal sample test piece comprises the following steps: the CFRP cloth is bonded with a coal sample test piece through resin type impregnating adhesive, a layer of impregnating adhesive is uniformly coated on the front side and the back side of the CFRP cloth and the surface of the test piece, then the CFRP cloth is wound from the initial end of the surface of the test piece, and the reinforcing layer number is set according to experimental requirements;
step 3: placing the coal sample test piece provided with the strain gauge in the step 2 on an experimental platform, namely between the supporting steel plate and the load sensing, and uniformly and upwards applying load to the lower surface of the coal sample test piece until the load is loaded to sigma 1 Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
σ 1 ＝γH
wherein gamma is the volume weight of coal, and H is the burial depth of the coal pillar;
step 4: load to sigma 1 After stabilization, lifting the force application object to a height h, releasing the force application object, so that impact energy generated by free falling of the force application object can be transmitted to the upper surface of the coal sample test piece provided with the strain gauge, wherein the impact energy needs to be uniformly transmitted to the upper surface of the coal sample test piece, and circularly impacting until the test piece is damaged;
step 5: and outputting data to a computer end by the dynamic resistance strain gauge to obtain a coal sample impact disturbance chart.
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| CN112903464B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2023-03-31 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for testing single-row group column double-shaft bearing capacity of goaf under influence of disturbance |
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| CN117664548B (en) * | 2023-12-11 | 2024-05-17 | 长沙理工大学 | CFRP reinforcing beam durability test equipment and test method |
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