CN111394578B - Method for preheating and smelting manganese ore sinter - Google Patents
Method for preheating and smelting manganese ore sinter Download PDFInfo
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- CN111394578B CN111394578B CN202010360609.5A CN202010360609A CN111394578B CN 111394578 B CN111394578 B CN 111394578B CN 202010360609 A CN202010360609 A CN 202010360609A CN 111394578 B CN111394578 B CN 111394578B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 air Chemical compound 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010744 Boudouard reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007704 wet chemistry method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B47/00—Obtaining manganese
- C22B47/0018—Treating ocean floor nodules
- C22B47/0027—Preliminary treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
- C22B4/08—Apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B47/00—Obtaining manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B47/00—Obtaining manganese
- C22B47/0018—Treating ocean floor nodules
- C22B47/0036—Treating ocean floor nodules by dry processes, e.g. smelting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
- C22B9/103—Methods of introduction of solid or liquid refining or fluxing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
- C22B9/106—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents the refining being obtained by intimately mixing the molten metal with a molten salt or slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
- C22B9/226—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by electric discharge, e.g. plasma
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
Abstract
A method and apparatus for preheating and smelting manganese ore sinter is described. The method comprises feeding a feed mixture (1) comprising manganese ore sinter (2), a reductant (3) and a flux (4) into a submerged arc electric furnace (5), smelting the feed mixture (1) to form a liquid manganese alloy-containing layer and a slag-containing layer, extracting liquid manganese and discharging a carbon monoxide-containing carbonaceous gas (6), combusting the carbon monoxide-containing carbonaceous gas (6) in a burner (7) in the presence of oxygen, such as air, to form a carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas (9), and heating the feed mixture (1) in a pretreatment canister (8) with the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas (9) prior to feeding the feed mixture (1) into the submerged arc electric furnace (5).
Description
The present application is a divisional application of an invention patent application having an application date of 2016, 11, 23, and an application number of 201680068082.0, entitled "method and apparatus for preheating and melting manganese ore sinter".
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a method for preheating and smelting manganese ore sinter as defined in the preamble of independent claim 1.
Object of the Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for energy-saving smelting of manganese ore sinter.
Brief description of the invention
The method for preheating and smelting manganese ore sinter is characterized by the definitions of independent claim 1.
Preferred embodiments of the method are defined in the dependent claims 2-13.
The invention is based on preheating a feed mixture containing at least manganese ore sinter and a reducing agent in order to eliminate moisture from the feed mixture and to preheat the feed mixture to as high a temperature as possible without burning or releasing carbon in the reducing agent in the feed mixture that is required for reduction purposes.
Carbon consuming reactions, in particular the Boudouard reaction (C(s) + CO), while preheating the manganese contained2(g)
2CO (g)) is the limiting factor. The water gas reaction H also takes place2O+C→H2+ CO. The preheating temperature in the pretreatment cartridge (silo) can thus be locally at a maximum of 600-700 ℃, depending on the reactivity of the carbon in the reducing agent of the feed mixture. The average temperature of the hot charge to the furnace is typically less than 600 ℃.
Preheating the feed mixture saves electrical energy of the submerged arc furnace, improves operation, improves safety and production of the smelting by preventing reactions between carbon and oxygen in the feed mixture, and thus prevents uncontrolled temperature increases and possible explosions.
List of drawings
The method and apparatus for preheating and smelting manganese ore sinter will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of the first embodiment, and
figure 2 shows a flow diagram of a second embodiment.
Detailed Description
The method for the pre-heating smelting of manganese ore sinter will first be described in more detail, as well as some preferred embodiments and variants of the method.
The method comprises a feeding step for feeding a feed mixture 1 comprising at least manganese ore sinter 2, a reducing agent 3 and a fluxing agent 4 into a submerged arc electric furnace 5.
The method comprises a smelting step for smelting the feed mixture 1 in a submerged arc electric furnace 5 to form a liquid manganese alloy-containing layer (not shown in the figure) and a slag-containing layer (not shown in the figure) on top of the liquid manganese alloy-containing layer.
The method comprises an extraction step for extracting liquid manganese alloy and slag separately or simultaneously from the submerged arc electric furnace 5.
The method comprises a first discharge step for discharging a carbon-containing gas 6 containing carbon monoxide from a submerged arc electric furnace 5.
The method comprises a combustion step for combusting in a burner 7 a carbon monoxide-containing carbonaceous gas 6 discharged from the submerged arc electric furnace 5 in the first discharge step in the presence of oxygen, such as air, to form a carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9.
The feeding step of the method comprises a heating step for heating the feed mixture 1 with the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed in the combustion step in a pre-treatment drum 8 before feeding the feed mixture 1 into the submerged arc electric furnace 5.
The submerged arc furnace 5 used in the method is preferably an Alternating Current (AC) submerged arc furnace 5.
The burner 7 is preferably connected to the pre-treatment cartridge 8 and the pre-treatment cartridge 8 is preferably connected to the submerged arc furnace 5 such that gas from the surrounding air, such as oxygen, is prevented from entering the burner 7, the pre-treatment cartridge 9 and the submerged arc furnace 5 and thereby uncontrolled reaction of the feed material 1 is prevented.
The manganese ore sinter 9 may have a particle size of 6-75 mm.
The process may comprise heating the feed mixture 1 in the heating step to a temperature in the range of 400-700 ℃, preferably to a temperature between 500-650 ℃.
The method preferably (but not necessarily) comprises adjusting the temperature of the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 used in the heating step. The temperature of the carbon dioxide-containing carbon-containing gas 9 used in the heating step may be controlled to a temperature in the range of 580-900 ℃.
In the burner 7, the carbon-containing gas 6 containing carbon monoxide received from the submerged arc electric furnace 5 is preferably burned with an air ratio of less than 1 (e.g., 0.9 to 0.95). Oxygen (O) in the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed in the combustion step2) The content should be very low to minimize oxidation of carbon in the feed mixture 1. Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H) in the carbon-containing gas 9 containing carbon dioxide formed in the combustion step2) Should be very low in order to avoid explosions in the gas line (especially between the burner 7 and the pretreatment tank 8) or in the pretreatment tank 8.
The method may comprise combusting a carbon monoxide containing carbonaceous gas 6 discharged from the submerged arc electric furnace 5 with the aid of butane in the combustion step.
The method may comprise the step of combustion with the aid of CO gas or, for example, butane (C)4H10) (so that the molar ratio of air to butane is in the range of 0.9 to 0.95) to combust a carbon-containing gas 6 containing carbon monoxide discharged from the submerged arc electric furnace 5.
The carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed in the combustion step and used in the heating step may contain, in volume percent:
CO2：25-35％，
N2：50-65％，
H2O：3-8％H2O，
O2: less than 1 percent of the total weight of the composition,
H2: less than 1%, and
CO: less than 2%.
The heating step preferably comprises heating the feed mixture 1 by feeding the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed in the combustion step into a pre-treatment drum 8. In this case, the heating step preferably includes feeding the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed in the burning step into the pretreatment canister 8 from below such that the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 flows in the opposite direction (e.g., upward) with respect to the feed mixture in the pretreatment canister 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the method may comprise a first washing step of the carbon monoxide gas 6 discharged from the submerged arc electric furnace 5. This is prior to combusting the carbon monoxide gas 6 in the burner 7.
As shown in fig. 2, the method may comprise a second discharging step for discharging the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 from the pre-treatment canister 8, and for feeding the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 discharged from the pre-treatment canister 8 to the burner 7 and/or to the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed in the combustion step by means of the burner 7 so as to adjust the temperature of the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed in the combustion step. In such a case, the method may comprise a second washing step for washing the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 discharged from the pretreatment cartridge 8 in the second discharging step in a second scrubber 11.
The reductant 3 of the feed mixture 1 may contain a carbonaceous material such as metallurgical coke, anthracite or charcoal.
The fluxing agent 4 of the feed mixture 1 may contain, for example, calcite, coarse burnt lime (coarse burnt lime), quartz, dolomite.
The chemical analysis of the manganese ore sinter 2 depends on the chemical analysis of the manganese ore. Manganese ores are calcium-based, carbonate-based, and oxidation-based, and their chemical analysis varies widely. Possible contents of the manganese ore sinter 2 are:
Mn：40-55％，
Fe：1-10％，
SiO2：4-10％，
MgO：0.4-8％，
CaO：1.0-15％，
A2O3：1-15％，
K2o: less than 1.5 percent of the total weight of the composition,
BaO: less than 0.6%.
The apparatus for preheating and smelting manganese ore sinter and some preferred embodiments and variants of the method will be described in more detail below.
The plant comprises a submerged arc furnace 5 for smelting a feed mixture 1 comprising at least manganese ore sinter 2, a reductant 3 and a flux 4. A layer containing liquid manganese alloy and a layer containing slag on top of the layer containing liquid manganese alloy are formed in the smelting in the submerged arc electric furnace 5.
The apparatus comprises a first feeding device 12, which first feeding device 12 is configured to feed the feed mixture 1 into the submerged arc electric furnace 5.
The plant comprises extraction means 13 for extracting liquid manganese and slag separately or simultaneously from the submerged arc electric furnace 5.
The plant comprises a first discharge device 14 for discharging a carbon-containing gas 6 containing carbon monoxide from the submerged arc electric furnace 5.
The plant comprises a burner 7 for combusting a carbon monoxide containing carbonaceous gas 6 received from a first discharge device 14 in the presence of oxygen, such as air, to form a carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9.
The first feeding means 12 of the apparatus comprises a pre-treatment drum 8 for heating the feed mixture 1 with the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed by means of the burner 7 before feeding the feed mixture 1 into the submerged arc electric furnace 5.
The submerged arc furnace 5 in the apparatus is preferably an Alternating Current (AC) submerged arc furnace 5.
The burner 7 is preferably connected to the pre-treatment cartridge 8 and the pre-treatment cartridge 8 is preferably connected to the submerged arc furnace 5 such that gas from the surrounding air, such as oxygen, is prevented from entering the burner 7, the pre-treatment cartridge 9 and the submerged arc furnace 5 and thereby uncontrolled reaction of the feed material 1 is prevented.
The manganese ore sinter 9 may have a particle size of 6-75 mm.
The pre-treatment cartridge 8 of the apparatus may be configured to heat the feed mixture 1 to a temperature in the range of 400-700 c, preferably to a temperature in the range of 500-650 c.
The apparatus preferably, but not necessarily, comprises a gas temperature regulating device (not shown in the figures) configured to regulate the temperature of the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 prior to feeding the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 to the pre-treatment drum 8. The temperature of the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 feed to the pre-treatment cartridge 8 can be controlled to the range of 580-900 ℃.
In the burner 7, the carbon-containing gas 6 containing carbon monoxide received from the submerged arc electric furnace 5 is preferably burned with an air ratio of less than 1 (e.g., 0.9 to 0.95). Oxygen (O) in the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed in the combustion step2) The content should be very low to minimize oxidation of carbon in the feed mixture 1. Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H) in the carbon-containing gas 9 containing carbon dioxide formed in the combustion step2) Should be very low to avoid explosions in the gas line or in the pretreatment cartridge 8.
The burner 7 may be a CO, butane and LPG burner.
The carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 produced by the burner 7 preferably (but not necessarily) contains, in volume percent:
CO2：25-35％，
N2：50-65％，
H2O：5-15％H2O，
O2: less than 1 percent of the total weight of the composition,
H2: less than 1%, and
CO: less than 2%.
The apparatus, preferably the burner 7, is preferably configured to feed the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 into the pretreatment tank 8 from below such that the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 flows upwardly through the feed mixture in the pretreatment tank 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the apparatus may comprise a first scrubber 10, the first scrubber 10 being configured to scrub the carbon monoxide containing carbonaceous gas 6 discharged from the submerged arc electric furnace 5 prior to combusting the carbon monoxide in the combustor 7.
As shown in fig. 2, the apparatus may comprise: a second discharging device 15 configured to discharge the carbon-containing gas 9 containing carbon dioxide from the pretreatment canister 8, the second discharging device 15 being configured to discharge the carbon-containing gas containing carbon dioxide; and a third feeding device (not denoted by reference numeral) configured to feed the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 discharged from the second discharging device 15 to the combustor 7 and/or to the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed by the combustor 7, thereby adjusting the temperature of the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas 9 formed by the combustor 7.
As shown in fig. 2, the second discharge device 15 of the apparatus comprises a second scrubber 11, which second scrubber 11 is configured to scrub the carbon-containing gas 9 containing carbon dioxide discharged from the pre-treatment drum 8. The cold and scrubbed gas removed from the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 of the second scrubber 11 can be used in an optional temperature adjustment device for adjusting the temperature of the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 fed to the pretreatment drum 8.
The first feed device 12 of the plant may be configured to feed a reductant 3, which reductant 3 contains a carbonaceous material such as metallurgical coke, anthracite and/or charcoal.
The first feeding means 12 of the apparatus may be configured to feed a flux 4, the flux 4 containing at least one of calcite, raw burnt lime, dolomite and quartz.
The first feeding means 12 of the apparatus may be configured to feed a manganese ore sinter 2, the manganese ore sinter 2 containing, in mass percent:
Mn：40-55％，
Fe：1-10％，
SiO2：4-10％，
MgO：0.4-8％，
CaO：1-15％，
A2O3：1-15％，
K2o: less than 1.5%, and
BaO: less than 0.6%.
As shown in fig. 2, the first feeding device 12 may comprise a barrel device 16 comprising a first barrel 17 for the manganese ore sinter 2, a second barrel 18 for the reducing agent 3 and a third barrel 19 for the fluxing agent 4.
Example 1
Metallurgical coke having the composition defined in table 1 and calcite manganese ore sinter having the composition defined in the "raw sinter" column of table 2 were mixed in a ratio of 80 weight percent (wt%) calcite ore and 20 wt% and heated in a vessel to four different temperatures: 500 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃ and 800 ℃. The calcite manganese ore sinter is crushed and screened to a particle size of 2.38-6.73mm prior to mixing, and the metallurgical coke is crushed and screened to a particle size of 0.595-4.76mm prior to mixing.
Heating was performed by induction heating, and a gas containing carbon dioxide and nitrogen was blown into the container at a ratio of 30% carbon dioxide and 70% to simulate an actual heating condition.
The composition of the calcite manganese ore sinter was measured in each of the following cases: 500 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃ and 800 ℃. As can be seen from the columns "500 ℃", "600 ℃", "700 ℃" and "800 ℃" of table 3, the composition of the calcite manganese ore sinter changes only slightly, which means that for example hardly any reduction of the oxides takes place.
TABLE 1 chemical analysis of metallurgical coke
1)Leco on C, S-Analyzer
2)By wet chemistry
3)ICP (plasma emission spectrometer)
4)Weight% of coke
5)The ash content in the coke was 12.7% by weight
6)CfixThe value: 100% (volatile + ash + sulfur)
TABLE 2 chemical analysis of preheated sinter of Calcite as a function of preheating temperature
1)Amount of metal
Example 2
Metallurgical coke having the composition defined in table 1 and manganese oxide ore sinter having the composition defined in the "raw sinter" column in table 3 were mixed at a ratio of 80 wt% calcite ore and 20 wt% charcoal and heated in a vessel to four different temperatures: 500 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃ and 800 ℃. The manganese oxide ore sinter is crushed and screened to a particle size of 2.38-6.73mm prior to mixing, and the metallurgical coke is crushed and screened to a particle size of 0.595-4.76mm prior to mixing.
Heating was performed by induction heating, and a gas containing carbon dioxide and nitrogen was blown into the container at a ratio of 30% carbon dioxide and 70% to simulate an actual heating condition.
The composition of the manganese oxide ore sinter was measured in each of the following cases: 500 ℃, 600 ℃, 700 ℃ and 800 ℃. As can be seen from the columns "500 ℃", "600 ℃", "700 ℃" and "800 ℃" of table 3, the composition of the manganese oxide ore sinter changes only slightly, which means that for example hardly any reduction of the oxides takes place.
TABLE 3 chemical analysis of preheated sinter of oxidized ore as a function of preheating temperature
1)
2)Amount of metal
Example 3
In the apparatus according to FIG. 2, the manganese sinter as defined in Table 4 was fed into the pretreatment canister 8 at a feed rate of 131kg/h, and the reducing agent as defined in the row "charcoal" in Table 5 was fed into the pretreatment canister 8 at a feed rate of 24 kg/h. At 970m3The feed rate per hour will contain 57 vol.% N230% by volume CO2And 11 vol% H2A carbonaceous gas having a temperature of 850 ℃ and O is fed into the pretreatment tank 8.
TABLE 4 chemical analysis of manganese sinter,% by weight
TABLE 5 chemical analysis of reducing agents in examples 3 and 4,% by weight
The carbon component of the charcoal begins to gasify at 450 ℃.
It was observed that the mixture in which charcoal was used as the reducing agent 3 could be preheated to a temperature of 400 c without carbon gasification. The charcoal starts to oxidize by the Boudouard reaction or by the water gas reaction. In addition, the water and oxygen content of the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 should be low to avoid oxidation of the carbon.
Example 4
In the apparatus according to fig. 2, the manganese sinter as defined in table 4 was fed into the pretreatment canister 8 at a feed rate of 131kg/h, and the reducing agent as defined in the row of "coke" in table 5 was fed into the pretreatment canister 8 at a feed rate of 24 kg/h. At 970m3The feed rate per hour will contain 57 vol.% N230% by volume CO2And 11 vol% H2A carbonaceous gas having a temperature of 850 ℃ and O is fed into the pretreatment tank 8.
The carbon of the coke begins to gasify at 700 c.
It was observed that the mixture in which coke was used as the reductant 3 could be preheated to a temperature of 650 c without the carbon in the coke starting to oxidize by the Boudouard reaction or by the water gas reaction. In addition, the water and oxygen content of the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas 9 should be low to avoid oxidation of the carbon.
It is clear to the person skilled in the art that: as technology advances, the basic idea of the invention can be implemented in many ways. The invention and its embodiments are thus not limited to the above examples, but they may vary within the scope of the claims.
Claims (14)
1. A method for preheating and smelting manganese ore sinter comprising:
a feeding step for feeding a feed mixture (1) containing at least manganese ore sinter (2), a reducing agent (3) and a fluxing agent (4) into a submerged arc furnace (5),
a smelting step for smelting the feed mixture (1) in the submerged arc electric furnace (5) to form a liquid manganese alloy-containing layer and a slag-containing layer over the liquid manganese alloy-containing layer, and
an extraction step for extracting liquid manganese and slag from the submerged arc electric furnace (5),
the method is characterized in that,
a first discharge step for discharging a carbon-containing gas (6) containing carbon monoxide from the submerged arc electric furnace (5),
a combustion step for combusting in a burner (7) a carbon monoxide-containing carbonaceous gas (6) discharged from the submerged arc electric furnace (5) in the first discharge step in the presence of oxygen to form a carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas (9),
a second discharge step for discharging a carbon-containing gas (9) containing carbon dioxide from the pretreatment canister (8),
feeding the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas (9) discharged in the second discharging step to a burner (7) and/or to the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas (9) used in the heating step to adjust the temperature of the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas (9) formed in the burning step,
a heating step for heating the feed mixture (1) with the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas (9) formed in the combustion step in a pretreatment canister (8) to a temperature in the range of 400 ℃. & gt 700 ℃ before feeding the feed mixture (1) into the submerged arc electric furnace (5), and
heating the feed mixture (1) in a heating step by feeding said carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas (9) into the pre-treatment drum (8).
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the submerged arc electric furnace (5) is an alternating current submerged arc electric furnace (5).
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the manganese ore sinter (2) has a particle size of 6-75 mm.
4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
a combustion step for combusting in a burner (7) in the presence of air the carbon monoxide-containing carbonaceous gas (6) discharged from the submerged arc electric furnace (5) in the first discharge step to form a carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas (9).
5. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the feed mixture (1) in the pretreatment cartridge (8) is heated in a heating step to a temperature in the range of 500 ℃ to 650 ℃.
6. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the temperature of the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas (9) used in the heating step is adjusted to a temperature in the range of 580-900 ℃.
7. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the carbon dioxide-containing carbon-containing gas (9) used in the heating step contains, in volume percent:
CO2：25-35％，
N2：50-65％，
H2O：3-8％，
O2: less than 1 percent of the total weight of the composition,
H2: less than 1%, and
CO: less than 2%.
8. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
feeding the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas (9) from below to the pre-treatment drum (8) in the heating step such that the carbon dioxide containing carbonaceous gas (9) flows upwards in the pre-treatment drum (8) through the feed mixture (1) in the pre-treatment drum (8).
9. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the carbon monoxide-containing carbonaceous gas (6) discharged from the submerged arc electric furnace (5) in the first discharging step is scrubbed in a first scrubber (10) before feeding the carbon monoxide-containing carbonaceous gas (6) discharged in the first discharging step to a burner (7).
10. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas (9) discharged in the second discharging step is scrubbed in a second scrubber (11) before feeding the carbon dioxide-containing carbonaceous gas (9) discharged in the second discharging step to the combustor (7).
11. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the reducing agent (3) contains a carbonaceous material.
12. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the reducing agent (3) contains coke, anthracite and/or charcoal.
13. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the flux (4) contains at least one of calcite, coarse burnt lime, dolomite, and quartz.
14. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
the manganese ore sinter (2) comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Mn：40-55％，
Fe：1-10％，
SiO2：4-10％，
MgO：0.4-8％，
CaO：1-15％，
A2O3：1-15％，
K2o: less than 1.5%, and
BaO: less than 0.6%.
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| FI20155868A FI127451B (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2015-11-24 | Method and apparatus for preheating and smelting manganese ore sinter |
| CN201680068082.0A CN108291273A (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2016-11-23 | For preheating and the method and apparatus of melting manganese ore sinter |
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| CN114127319A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2022-03-01 | 多伦多大学管理委员会 | Method for recovering target metal from iron or steel slag using at least one of carbothermic process and pyrometallurgical-hydrometallurgical process |
| NL2026572B1 (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2022-05-30 | Petrus Greyling Frederik | Process and system for melting agglomerates |
| NL2029142B1 (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-03-21 | Petrus Greyling Frederik | Process for smelting a metalliferous feedstock |
| CN113981210A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-28 | 吉铁铁合金有限责任公司 | Production process for producing manganese series ferroalloy by roasting manganese ore |
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| SU460313A1 (en) * | 1973-05-29 | 1975-02-15 | Днепропетровский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Металлургический Институт | The method of preparation of the charge for smelting manganese metal |
| CN101775508B (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2012-05-30 | 广西新思迪投资贸易有限公司 | Production method of low-carbon ferromanganese |
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| US4307872A (en) * | 1980-07-21 | 1981-12-29 | Lectromelt Corporation | Apparatus for reducing ore |
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| AU2016360842B2 (en) | 2019-08-15 |
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| AU2016360842A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
| FI20155868A (en) | 2017-05-25 |
| CN111394578A (en) | 2020-07-10 |
| BR112018010149B1 (en) | 2021-10-19 |
| EP3380638B1 (en) | 2020-03-11 |
| FI127451B (en) | 2018-06-15 |
| EP3380638A1 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
| EA201891065A1 (en) | 2018-11-30 |
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