CN111394065A - Building envelope system based on phase-change material - Google Patents

Building envelope system based on phase-change material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111394065A
CN111394065A CN202010294602.8A CN202010294602A CN111394065A CN 111394065 A CN111394065 A CN 111394065A CN 202010294602 A CN202010294602 A CN 202010294602A CN 111394065 A CN111394065 A CN 111394065A
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China
Prior art keywords
phase change
change material
liquid phase
storage tank
solid
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CN202010294602.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111394065B (en
Inventor
孙川
冯学思
余翼
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/06Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14Thermal energy storage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a building enclosure structure system based on phase change materials, which comprises a solid-liquid phase change material storage tank, a gas-liquid phase change material storage tank and a phase change heat exchange working component, wherein the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank is positioned at the upper part of the whole assembly and stores solid-liquid phase change materials, the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank is positioned at the lower part of the whole assembly and stores gas-liquid phase change materials, the solid-liquid phase change materials have lower phase change temperature than the gas-liquid phase change materials, the phase change heat exchange working component is positioned between the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank and the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank and is respectively communicated with the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank and the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank, and the liquidity of the solid-liquid phase change materials in the liquid state and the volume.

Description

Building envelope system based on phase-change material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building energy conservation, in particular to a building envelope system based on a phase-change material.
Background
Along with the improvement of the living standard of people, the requirement of people on the comfort level of the indoor environment is higher and higher, so that the proportion of the air-conditioning heating energy consumption in the total energy consumption of the building is higher and higher. Under the great trend of building energy conservation, the air-conditioning heating energy consumption is reduced at first. Among various technologies for reducing the heating energy consumption of air conditioners, the energy-saving wall technology is widely concerned.
The phase change material can change phase at a specific phase change temperature or within a phase change temperature range, and absorb or release huge heat in the process. If the absorption/release characteristics of the phase-change material can be reasonably utilized to purposefully absorb/release heat in the building, the energy consumption of air-conditioning heating can be reduced. Therefore, the energy-saving wall based on the phase-change material has wide application prospect.
Related researches and related products disclosed in the prior art use the huge latent heat of the phase change material to realize heat storage and release, but the phase change material is generally fixed in a building envelope. Therefore, the phase change material can only absorb heat in the daytime and release heat at night in different seasons. For buildings that require both cooling and heating during the year, this form of regulation of the building's cold/heat load is single and may even increase the building's cold/heat load.
For example, the patent document with the patent number Z L100489205C discloses a phase-change energy-storage three-in-one external wall insulation system and a construction method thereof, and the adopted three-in-one insulation structure is a bonding insulation layer, a stable insulation layer and an active insulation layer, wherein the phase-change energy-storage insulation mortar in the active insulation layer can utilize latent heat of a phase-change material to absorb heat in the daytime and reduce the energy consumption of an air conditioner in summer.
For another example, patent document Z L102116587B discloses a phase change material comprehensive utilization system, which aims to absorb the residual heat in the room and reduce the fluctuation of the indoor temperature during the cooling season.
For another example, patent document Z L205907844U discloses a composite wall using a shaped latent heat storage phase change material, which only considers the use of phase change material "peak clipping and valley filling" in winter to reduce heating energy consumption.
Some enclosure structures try to enable phase change materials to play roles in different seasons, but the effect is not ideal, and a large number of auxiliary structures or devices are required to be arranged, so that the enclosure structures are complex.
For example, patent document Z L104674978B discloses an exterior wall structure of a building having a double-layered shaped phase change material layer, in which different phase change materials are used for an inner layer and an outer layer, and the proportion of the phase change materials is optimized by energy plus to obtain the lowest annual air conditioning and heating energy consumption.
For another example, patent application No. 201010034197.2 discloses a high-efficiency solar phase-change heat-storage heat-collecting wall system, which conditionally communicates building rooms with the outside by arranging various vortex generators, thereby reducing the energy consumption of heating and air conditioning. However, the design of the vortex generator is complex, and the wall body needs to be transformed, so that the construction difficulty is high.
For another example, patent document Z L105180464B discloses a phase-change wall system capable of controlling heat accumulation and release, which introduces heat from an external heat source into a phase-change material through hot water in a heat exchange pipe, and stores the heat through a phase-change process.
Accordingly, there is a need to provide a phase change material based building envelope system that addresses this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a building envelope system based on a phase-change material, which can reduce the heat load of a building in winter and also can reduce the cold load of the building in summer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a phase change material based building envelope system comprising:
the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank is positioned at the upper part of the whole assembly and stores solid-liquid phase change materials;
the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank is positioned at the lower part of the whole assembly and stores gas-liquid phase change material;
and the phase change heat exchange working part is positioned between the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank and the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank and is respectively communicated with the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank and the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank.
Furthermore, the phase-change heat exchange working part at least comprises a heat exchange pipeline, a blocking device is arranged in the heat exchange pipeline, the blocking device can move up and down relative to the heat exchange pipeline, and the heat exchange pipeline is respectively communicated with the solid-liquid phase-change material storage tank and the gas-liquid phase-change material storage tank.
Further, the blocking device at least comprises a piston arranged in the heat exchange pipeline, and the piston is attached to the inner wall of the heat exchange pipeline.
Preferably, at least one sealing rubber strip is arranged on the outer wall of the piston.
Preferably, the heat exchange pipe is made of metal.
Preferably, the heat exchange pipeline is made of a non-metal material.
Preferably, liquid feeding ports are respectively arranged on the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank and the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank, and sealing covers are arranged at the liquid feeding ports.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the building envelope system based on the phase-change material has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost and remarkable building energy-saving effect, and skillfully utilizes the liquidity of the solid-liquid phase-change material in a liquid state, the characteristic of volume expansion of the gas-liquid phase-change material after gasification and the latent heat characteristic of the phase-change material to achieve the effects of energy conservation and consumption reduction. In winter, the system can absorb and store heat in the daytime and release heat at night to reduce heating energy consumption in the building. In summer, the system can increase the thermal resistance of the building enclosure structure and reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioner in the building all day long.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a building envelope system of the present invention operating in summer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a building envelope system of the present invention operating during winter;
fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the blocking device of the present invention.
In the figure: 111-solid-liquid phase change material storage tank, 131-gas-liquid phase change material storage tank, 102-phase change heat exchange working part, 103-gas-liquid phase change material storage tank, 121-heat exchange pipeline, 123-blocking device, 1231-piston, 1232-sealing rubber strip and 200-building outer wall.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following description and embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 to 2, a building envelope system based on phase change material comprises a solid-liquid phase change material storage tank 111, a gas-liquid phase change material storage tank 131 and a phase change heat exchange operating part 102, wherein the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank 111 is located at the upper part of the whole assembly and stores solid-liquid phase change material, the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank 131 is located at the lower part of the whole assembly and stores gas-liquid phase change material, the solid-liquid phase change material has lower phase change temperature than the gas-liquid phase change material, the phase change heat exchange operating part 102 is located between the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank 111 and the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank 131 and is respectively communicated with the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank 111 and the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank 131, and the energy saving and consumption reduction effects are achieved by utilizing the liquidity of the solid-liquid, in winter, the system can absorb and store heat in the daytime, release heat at night to reduce heating energy consumption in the building, and in summer, the system can increase the thermal resistance of the building enclosure structure and reduce air conditioner energy consumption in the building all day long.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the phase-change heat exchange working component 102 at least includes a heat exchange pipe 121, a blocking device 123 is disposed in the heat exchange pipe 121, the blocking device 123 can move up and down relative to the heat exchange pipe 121, and divides a working cavity in the heat exchange pipe 121 into an upper space and a lower space which are isolated from each other, the heat exchange pipe 121 is respectively communicated with the solid-liquid phase-change material storage tank 111 and the gas-liquid phase-change material storage tank 131, openings are respectively disposed on a lower end surface of the solid-liquid phase-change material storage tank 111 and an upper end surface of the gas-liquid phase-change material storage tank 131, and.
The heat exchange pipeline 121 is made of a heat conducting material, so that rapid heat conduction is realized, and the use requirement is met.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the blocking device 123 at least includes a piston 1231 disposed in the heat exchange pipe 121, where the piston 1231 is attached to an inner wall of the heat exchange pipe 121 and is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a working cavity in the piston heat exchange pipe 121.
As shown in fig. 3, at least one sealing rubber strip 1232 is disposed on the outer wall of the piston 1231, and the sealing rubber strip 1232 plays a role of separating the solid-liquid phase-change material and the gas-liquid phase-change material in the working chamber, so that the solid-liquid phase-change material is only present in the upper portion of the working chamber, and the gas-liquid phase-change material is only present in the lower portion of the working chamber.
As shown in fig. 3, there are two sealing rubber strips 1232, and the two sealing rubber strips 1232 together play a role of keeping the piston parallel to the working chamber.
According to the invention, the outer wall of the heat exchange pipeline is wrapped with the solid filling material, and the solid filling material is used for reinforcing and protecting the working cavity and conducting heat between the interior of the heat exchange pipeline and the outer wall of the building.
The heat exchange pipe 121 of the present invention is made of metal.
The heat exchange pipe 121 of the present invention is made of a non-metal material.
In the present invention, liquid feeding ports are respectively provided at the solid-liquid phase-change material storage tank 111 and the gas-liquid phase-change material storage tank 131, and sealing caps are provided at the liquid feeding ports.
The first installation mode of the building envelope system is that the building envelope system is installed on the outer vertical surface of the building outer wall, and when the building envelope system is installed, solid filling materials are filled in gaps between the heat exchange pipelines and the wall, so that the solid filling materials are in full contact with the outer surface of the building outer wall.
The second installation mode of the building envelope system is that the second installation mode is installed inside the building outer wall and is used as an interlayer of the building outer wall, so that the solid filling material is in full contact with the inner surface of the building outer wall.
In the invention, the phase-change material stored in the solid-liquid phase-change material storage tank has the phase-change temperature of 15-20 ℃, is in a liquid state when the temperature exceeds the phase-change temperature, and is in a solid state when the temperature is lower than the phase-change temperature.
In the invention, the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material stored in the gas-liquid phase-change material storage tank is between 25 and 30 ℃, the phase-change material is in a gas state when the temperature exceeds the phase-change temperature, and the phase-change material is in a liquid state when the temperature is lower than the phase-change temperature.
The solid-liquid phase-change material and the gas-liquid phase-change material in the invention are all commercially available products.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
in the process of entering winter, the gas-liquid phase change material in the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank is changed into a liquid state from a gas state, so that the pressure in the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank is reduced. While the solid-to-liquid phase change material is still in a liquid state at this time. The blocking device moves downwards under the action of negative pressure generated by the gas-liquid phase change material below the blocking device and downward pressure of the solid-liquid phase change material above the blocking device. The liquid solid-liquid phase-change material fills and occupies most of the working cavity of the heat exchange pipeline. After the working chamber enters winter, the working chamber is always in a state of being filled with most of space by the solid-liquid phase-change material because the temperature of the gas-liquid phase-change material cannot exceed the phase-change temperature of the gas-liquid phase-change material. In winter and at night, the temperature of the solid-liquid phase change material is reduced, the solid phase change material is changed into a solid phase, and a large amount of latent heat is released and is conducted to the building outer wall 200 through the solid filling material, so that the heating energy consumption in the building is reduced; in winter, the solid filling material absorbs heat of external ambient air and solar radiation heat, and conducts the heat to the solid-liquid phase-change material in the working cavity of the heat exchange pipeline, so that the solid-liquid phase-change material absorbs the heat, reaches a phase-change temperature, is converted into a liquid state, and stores a large amount of heat.
In the summer process, the gas-liquid phase change material in the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank is changed into a gas state from a liquid state, and the volume of the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank is expanded, so that the pressure in the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank is increased rapidly. While the solid-to-liquid phase change material is still in a liquid state at this time. The blocking device is acted by positive pressure generated by the gas-liquid phase change material below the blocking device and downward pressure of the solid-liquid phase change material above the blocking device. When the thrust formed by the gas-liquid phase change material to the blocking device is larger than the thrust formed by the solid-liquid phase change material to the blocking device, the blocking device moves upwards. The liquid solid-liquid phase-change material is pushed back to the solid-liquid phase-change material storage tank, and the gaseous liquid-liquid phase-change material fills and occupies most space of the working cavity of the heat exchange pipeline. After the heat exchanger enters summer, the working cavity of the heat exchange pipeline is always kept in a state that most space is filled with the gas-liquid phase change material because the temperature of the gas-liquid phase change material is always higher than the phase change temperature of the gas-liquid phase change material. Because the gas-liquid phase change material has thermal conductivity far lower than that of the building outer wall 200 when in a gaseous state, the building envelope system can greatly increase the thermal resistance of the building outer wall 200, thereby reducing the energy consumption of an air conditioner in a building.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used only for the convenience of description and simplicity of description, rather than to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1. A building envelope system based on phase change materials is characterized by comprising:
the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank is positioned at the upper part of the whole assembly and stores solid-liquid phase change materials;
the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank is positioned at the lower part of the whole assembly and stores gas-liquid phase change material;
and the phase change heat exchange working part is positioned between the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank and the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank and is respectively communicated with the solid-liquid phase change material storage tank and the gas-liquid phase change material storage tank.
2. A phase change material based building envelope system of claim 1, wherein the phase change heat exchange working member comprises at least one heat exchange conduit, and wherein a blocking device is disposed in the heat exchange conduit, the blocking device being movable up and down relative to the heat exchange conduit, the heat exchange conduit being in communication with the solid-to-liquid phase change material reservoir and the gas-to-liquid phase change material reservoir, respectively.
3. A phase change material based building envelope system according to claim 2, wherein the barrier means comprises at least a piston disposed within the heat exchange conduit, said piston abutting the inner wall of the heat exchange conduit.
4. A phase change material based building envelope system of claim 3, wherein the piston has at least one sealant strip on an outer wall thereof.
5. A phase change material based building envelope system according to any of claims 2 to 4, wherein the heat exchange tubes are surrounded by a solid filler material.
6. A phase change material based building envelope system of claim 5, wherein the heat exchange tubes are non-metallic.
7. A phase change material based building envelope system of claim 5, wherein the heat exchange tubes are non-metallic.
8. A building envelope system based on phase change material as claimed in claims 1 to 4 wherein the solid phase change material storage tank and the gas phase change material storage tank are provided with a filling port respectively, and a sealing cover is provided at the filling port.
CN202010294602.8A 2020-04-15 2020-04-15 Building envelope system based on phase-change material Active CN111394065B (en)

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CN202298980U (en) * 2011-10-31 2012-07-04 江西省科学院能源研究所 Novel double flow passage-middle heat-insulation-type solar phase-change heat storage wall system
CN103017368A (en) * 2012-12-18 2013-04-03 上海交通大学 Phase-change heat transfer type intermediate temperature heat reservoir as well as manufacturing and application thereof
CN103091361A (en) * 2013-01-16 2013-05-08 重庆大学 Ice chest device for field test of heat transfer coefficient with building envelope structure
CN103306396A (en) * 2013-03-26 2013-09-18 际宇嚞(厦门)材料科技有限公司 Wall body intelligent heat-insulation building envelope
CN104079142A (en) * 2014-05-26 2014-10-01 浙江大学 Thermo-acoustic three-phase alternating current generating system driven by double-temperature-position heat source
KR20160067609A (en) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-14 라성에너지(주) Thermal Storage Pipe Filled with Paraffin Phase Change Materials and Temperature Management Method Thereby
WO2017110740A1 (en) * 2015-12-25 2017-06-29 日本電気株式会社 Heat-dissipating device, phase-change cooling device in which same is used, and method for dissipating heat
CN107028453A (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-08-11 肖颖 A kind of intelligent temperature control cup
EP3460351A2 (en) * 2017-09-25 2019-03-27 Thomas Friedrich Mobile air conditioning system with latent heat accumulator
KR20190135650A (en) * 2018-05-29 2019-12-09 주식회사 에너지컨설팅 Regenerative heat pump system comprising geothermal exchanger
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5255526A (en) * 1992-03-18 1993-10-26 Fischer Harry C Multi-mode air conditioning unit with energy storage system
CN201443833U (en) * 2009-01-05 2010-04-28 郭海新 Phase-change energy storing tank
CN101922189A (en) * 2009-06-15 2010-12-22 刘伟杰 Solar photo-thermal glass curtain wall
CN102444222A (en) * 2011-10-31 2012-05-09 江西省科学院能源研究所 Middle heat insulation type solar phase change thermal storage wall body system with double flow channels
CN202298980U (en) * 2011-10-31 2012-07-04 江西省科学院能源研究所 Novel double flow passage-middle heat-insulation-type solar phase-change heat storage wall system
CN103017368A (en) * 2012-12-18 2013-04-03 上海交通大学 Phase-change heat transfer type intermediate temperature heat reservoir as well as manufacturing and application thereof
CN103091361A (en) * 2013-01-16 2013-05-08 重庆大学 Ice chest device for field test of heat transfer coefficient with building envelope structure
CN103306396A (en) * 2013-03-26 2013-09-18 际宇嚞(厦门)材料科技有限公司 Wall body intelligent heat-insulation building envelope
CN104079142A (en) * 2014-05-26 2014-10-01 浙江大学 Thermo-acoustic three-phase alternating current generating system driven by double-temperature-position heat source
KR20160067609A (en) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-14 라성에너지(주) Thermal Storage Pipe Filled with Paraffin Phase Change Materials and Temperature Management Method Thereby
WO2017110740A1 (en) * 2015-12-25 2017-06-29 日本電気株式会社 Heat-dissipating device, phase-change cooling device in which same is used, and method for dissipating heat
CN107028453A (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-08-11 肖颖 A kind of intelligent temperature control cup
EP3460351A2 (en) * 2017-09-25 2019-03-27 Thomas Friedrich Mobile air conditioning system with latent heat accumulator
KR20190135650A (en) * 2018-05-29 2019-12-09 주식회사 에너지컨설팅 Regenerative heat pump system comprising geothermal exchanger
CN210089466U (en) * 2019-03-15 2020-02-18 天津商业大学 Heat exchange unit and light-transmitting enclosure structure

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