CN111390141A - Preparation method of double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison - Google Patents
Preparation method of double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison Download PDFInfo
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- CN111390141A CN111390141A CN202010201706.XA CN202010201706A CN111390141A CN 111390141 A CN111390141 A CN 111390141A CN 202010201706 A CN202010201706 A CN 202010201706A CN 111390141 A CN111390141 A CN 111390141A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison, which comprises the following steps: a. preparing raw materials; b. preparing a casting mold; c. filling a mold; d. casting and compounding; e. cooling and forming; f. preparing a multilayer metal composite blank; the invention realizes that the bimetallic composite pipe bar parison is obtained by adopting a conventional die casting method, and the metal composite pipe bar section bar can be obtained by subsequent plastic deformation, and has low production cost and good composite effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal material composite casting, in particular to a preparation method of a double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison.
Background
The double-layer or multi-layer metal composite material is generally formed by metallurgically combining stainless steel, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, hard wear-resistant material and the like as clad materials and cheap metal such as carbon steel, low alloy steel and the like as base materials. The composite material has the advantages of high strength, high plasticity and toughness of the base material, excellent welding performance, low production cost and the like, has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, oxidation resistance, gorgeous and attractive appearance and the like of the coating material, and has the price advantage and the service performance which are incomparable with the pure coating material with the same specification. Therefore, the double-layer or multi-layer metal composite material is used for replacing a single coating material, and has wide application prospect. The composite rolling method has been the best choice for preparing double-layer or multi-layer metal composite materials so far because of high efficiency, high yield and high yield. The composite blank is a necessary raw material for rolling the composite material, and in view of the particularity of plastic deformation of the pipe rod profile, the composite blank prepared by adopting the conventional sleeve welding method is usually difficult to bear the repeatedly and alternately changed tensile and compressive stress during rolling, so that the lamination cracking between the coating and the matrix in the rolling process is easily caused, and the composite failure is caused. Therefore, the preparation of the double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison meeting the rolling requirement has important significance.
At present, the method for preparing bimetal composite steel pipe blank is many, and the most commonly adopted method is nesting method, i.e. the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe blank to be composited are firstly cleaned, then the pipe blank with small diameter is inserted into the pipe blank with large diameter, the end part of the combined blank is welded and sealed, and then diffusion annealing is carried out after cold drawing or cold expanding to prepare the composite pipe blank or composite pipe. Chinese patent publications CN103982711A, CN103464508A, CN103481033A, CN102274853A, CN102537531A, CN104384859A and the like all adopt a method of first nesting and compounding and then pressure processing to prepare the composite pipe. The method has the biggest defects of complex process and low production efficiency, and the clearance between the coating and the substrate can be eliminated only by large plastic deformation. Patent publications CN101670383A, CN101566256A, JPH02229616A and the like adopt a brazing method to make billets, which adds a separation layer between two tube blanks to prevent the generation of interface brittle compounds and improve the interface toughness, but the billet must also adopt large plastic deformation to improve the interface bonding strength after making billets. Chinese patent publications CN103962558A, CN101934370B, etc. adopt spray forming technology to spray another metal melt on the outer surface of the inner layer tube blank to prepare a composite tube blank, although this method can obtain a surface fine-grained or ultra-fine-grained metal layer, the thickness of the metal on the surface layer is not easy to control, the spray forming efficiency is not high, and the technological parameters are not easy to control. The method for preparing the composite steel pipe by adopting the twin crystallizer continuous casting method is adopted in the Japanese patent laid-open publication JPH0292436A, the composite pipe blank prepared by adopting the method has the advantages of high interface bonding strength, high production efficiency and the like, but when the twin crystallizer continuous casting method is adopted, the difficulty in accurately controlling the crystallization of liquid metal is high. The chinese patent publication CN104588436A firstly adopts the lost foam casting method to cast out the inner thin-wall high-alloy corrosion-resistant tube blank, and then adopts the sand casting method to cast out the outer carbon steel tube blank outside the high-alloy tube blank, so as to make the bimetal composite tube blank. The method adopts a two-step sand casting method, and has the advantages of complex process, low preparation efficiency and high production cost. Patent publications CN101530898A, CN101704084A, CN101530907A, CN101804450A, CN102581250A, US5558150A, JPH0890190A and the like all adopt a method of preparing a tube blank by centrifugal casting compounding. The method adopts centrifugal casting equipment to pour two metal melts to be compounded into a centrifugal casting mold in batches and layers, so that the two metal materials form metallurgical fusion at an interface. The composite pipe blank cast by the method has high interface bonding strength, but has the defects of serious interface zone mixing and melting, more complex process and higher production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison, which realizes that a conventional die casting method is adopted to obtain a bimetal composite pipe rod parison, and a metal composite pipe rod profile can be obtained through subsequent plastic deformation, and has low production cost and good composite quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison comprises the following steps:
a. preparing raw materials: selecting an outer layer metal material of the composite pipe rod parison as a material to be cast, and melting the outer layer metal material by using a melting device to obtain a liquid metal melt; selecting an inner-layer metal material of the composite pipe rod blank as a solid material to be compounded, processing the inner-layer metal material into a solid metal core blank, processing 2 positioning bolt holes at the bottom of the solid metal core blank, removing oxide skin on the surface of the solid metal core blank, cleaning the surface of the solid metal core blank, and drying the solid metal core blank;
b. preparing a casting mold: designing the shape and size of a casting mold according to the shape and size of the composite pipe rod parison, wherein the casting mold consists of a mold body and a mold bottom; the die body is formed by combining at least 2 die cavities with lug seats, the die cavities are of symmetrical structures and are oppositely buckled together, and a die cavity is formed after the die cavities are locked by a plurality of fastening bolts; the shape of the die bottom is the same as that of the composite pipe rod parison, the top of the die bottom is provided with a boss, the shape and the size of the boss correspond to those of the die cavity, the die body and the die bottom are inserted into the die cavity through the boss for positioning and fixing, and the bottom of the die cavity is sealed at the same time; 2 positioning bolt through holes are processed on the die bottom, and the positions of the positioning bolt through holes correspond to the positions of the 2 positioning bolt holes at the bottom of the solid metal core blank; the side surface of the die bottom is provided with a plurality of connecting bolt through holes; a plurality of connecting bolt holes are correspondingly formed in the lower part of the die body;
c. die filling: preheating the die bottom, the die body and the solid metal core blank, seating the solid metal core blank at the central position of the die bottom, and screwing 2 positioning bolts into corresponding positioning bolt holes after penetrating 2 positioning bolt through holes so as to connect the die bottom and the solid metal core blank into a whole; the die body is seated on the die bottom, the lower part of the die cavity is sleeved outside the boss, and a plurality of connecting bolts penetrate through the connecting bolt through holes and then are screwed in the connecting bolt holes, so that the die body, the die bottom and the solid metal core blank form a whole; putting the die body, the die bottom and the solid metal core blank assembly into a protective atmosphere chamber, covering a cover plate at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber, installing a sprue cup at the top of the cover plate, arranging an annular water gap at the bottom of the sprue cup, inserting the lower end of the annular water gap into the protective atmosphere chamber, and enabling an annular molten steel outlet of the annular water gap to be over against an annular gap between the solid metal core blank and the die body below;
d. casting and compounding: filling inert gas into the protective atmosphere chamber through an air inlet and outlet pipe orifice on the protective atmosphere chamber, discharging air in the protective atmosphere chamber, pouring pre-smelted liquid metal melt into a pouring cup when the protective atmosphere chamber is completely filled with the inert gas, and injecting the liquid metal melt into an annular gap between a solid metal core blank and a die body through an annular water gap at the bottom of the pouring cup;
e. and (3) cooling and forming: after the liquid metal melt is poured, the liquid metal melt in the die body surrounds the solid metal core blank to be solidified to form a composite blank, a cover plate at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber is opened, the die and the composite blank are taken out of the protective atmosphere chamber after the composite blank is cooled to a set temperature, and then the positioning bolt, the connecting bolt and the fastening bolt are disassembled to obtain a double-layer metal composite pipe rod blank;
f. preparing a multilayer metal composite blank: and (e) repeating the steps a to e by taking the bimetal composite blank as a solid metal core blank to obtain a multilayer metal composite pipe rod parison.
And a mechanical method or a chemical method is utilized when the iron scale is removed.
The die body and the die bottom are both made of cast iron through casting or are made of steel plates through welding.
When the hollow composite pipe blank is prepared, the solid metal core blank is of a hollow tubular structure, and when the solid composite pipe rod blank is prepared, the solid metal core blank is of a solid rod body structure.
The pouring cup consists of a cup wall, a refractory material layer, a connecting rib plate, a cup bottom and an annular water gap, wherein the cup wall is of a funnel-shaped structure with a large upper opening and a small lower opening; the refractory material layer is coated on the inner surface of the cup wall, the upper surface of the cup bottom and the outer surface of the connecting rib plate.
The cup wall, the cup bottom and the connecting rib plate are fixed by welding.
And reheating the prepared double-layer metal composite pipe rod parison or multilayer metal composite pipe rod parison, and forging, rolling, extruding, drawing or other metal calendering processing to finally obtain the double-layer or multilayer metal composite pipe rod profile.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the existing solid-solid phase composite blank making method, the invention adopts the liquid-solid casting composite blank making process, greatly simplifies the process, saves the procedures of surface processing, sleeve penetration, welding sealing, vacuumizing and the like in the solid-solid phase composite method, greatly improves the composite efficiency, reduces the procedure cost and lowers the comprehensive production cost;
(2) compared with the existing solid-solid phase composite blank making method, the invention adopts the liquid-solid casting composite blank making method, the outer layer liquid metal melt is used for coating the inner layer solid metal core blank and solidifying, the contracted solidification structure generates the pressure stress to the inner layer solid metal core blank, no gap exists between the inner layer material and the outer layer material, and the element diffusion is generated at high temperature, so the liquid-solid interface combination is firmer, and the finally obtained composite blank has better quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process for producing a two-layer metal composite pipe rod preform using the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a view a-a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the pouring cup of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the process of producing a hollow clad pipe blank by the method of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. die bottom 2, connecting bolt 3, die body 4, fastening bolt 5, protective atmosphere chamber 6, air inlet and outlet pipe orifice 7, cover plate 8, pouring cup 81, cup wall 82, refractory material layer 83, connecting rib plate 84, annular water orifice 85, cup bottom 9, solid metal core blank 10, liquid metal melt 11 and positioning bolt
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 4, the method for preparing a dual-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison comprises the following steps:
a. preparing raw materials: selecting an outer layer metal material of the composite pipe rod parison as a material to be cast, and melting the outer layer metal material by using a melting device to obtain a liquid metal melt; selecting an inner-layer metal material of the composite pipe rod blank as a solid material to be compounded, processing the inner-layer metal material into a solid metal core blank 9, processing 2 positioning bolt holes at the bottom of the solid metal core blank 9, removing oxide skin on the surface of the solid metal core blank 9, cleaning the surface of the solid metal core blank and drying the solid metal core blank;
b. preparing a casting mold: designing the shape and size of a casting mould according to the shape and size of the composite pipe rod parison, wherein the casting mould consists of a mould body 3 and a mould bottom 1; the die body 3 is formed by combining at least 2 die cavities with lug seats, the die cavities are of symmetrical structures and are oppositely buckled together, and a die cavity is formed after the die cavities are locked by a plurality of fastening bolts 4; the shape of the die bottom 1 is the same as that of the composite pipe rod parison, the top of the die bottom 1 is provided with a boss, the shape and the size of the boss correspond to those of the die cavity, the die body 3 and the die bottom 1 are inserted into the die cavity through the boss for positioning and fixing, and the bottom of the die cavity is sealed at the same time; 2 positioning bolt through holes are processed on the die bottom, and the positions of the positioning bolt through holes correspond to the positions of 2 positioning bolt holes at the bottom of the solid metal core blank 9; the side surface of the die bottom 1 is provided with a plurality of connecting bolt through holes; a plurality of connecting bolt holes are correspondingly arranged at the lower part of the die body 3;
c. die filling: preheating the die bottom 1, the die body 3 and the solid metal core blank 9, seating the solid metal core blank 9 at the central position of the die bottom 1, and screwing 2 positioning bolts 11 into corresponding positioning bolt holes after penetrating through 2 positioning bolt through holes so as to enable the die bottom 1 and the solid metal core blank 9 to be connected into a whole; the die body 3 is seated on the die bottom 1, the lower part of the die cavity is sleeved outside the boss, and a plurality of connecting bolts 2 are screwed in the connecting bolt holes after penetrating through the connecting bolt through holes, so that the die body 3, the die bottom 1 and the solid metal core blank 9 form a whole; placing the die body 3, the die bottom 1 and the solid metal core blank 9 assembly into a protective atmosphere chamber 5, covering a cover plate 7 at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber 5, installing a pouring cup 8 at the top of the cover plate 7, arranging an annular water gap 84 at the bottom of the pouring cup 8, inserting the lower end of the annular water gap 84 into the protective atmosphere chamber 5, and enabling an annular molten steel outlet of the annular water gap 84 to be over against an annular gap between the solid metal core blank 9 and the die body 3 below;
d. casting and compounding: filling inert gas into the protective atmosphere chamber 5 through an air inlet and outlet pipe orifice 6 on the protective atmosphere chamber 5, discharging the air in the protective atmosphere chamber 5, pouring the liquid metal melt 10 which is smelted in advance into a pouring cup 8 when the protective atmosphere chamber 5 is completely filled with the inert gas, and injecting the liquid metal melt 10 into an annular gap between a solid metal core blank 9 and a die body 3 through an annular water gap 84 at the bottom of the pouring cup 8;
e. and (3) cooling and forming: after the liquid metal melt 10 is poured, the liquid metal melt 10 in the die body 3 surrounds the solid metal core blank 9 and is solidified to form a composite blank, the cover plate 7 at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber 5 is opened, after the composite blank is cooled to a set temperature, the casting die and the composite blank are taken out of the protective atmosphere chamber 5, and then the positioning bolt 11, the connecting bolt 2 and the fastening bolt 4 are disassembled to obtain a double-layer metal composite pipe rod blank;
f. preparing a multilayer metal composite blank: and (e) repeating the steps a to e by taking the bimetal composite blank as a solid metal core blank to obtain a multilayer metal composite pipe rod parison.
And a mechanical method or a chemical method is utilized when the iron scale is removed.
The die body 3 and the die bottom 1 are both made of cast iron by casting or are made of steel plates by welding.
When a hollow composite pipe blank is prepared, the solid metal core blank 9 is of a hollow tubular structure, and when a solid composite pipe rod blank is prepared, the solid metal core blank 9 is of a solid rod body structure.
As shown in fig. 3, the pouring cup 8 is composed of a cup wall 81, a refractory material layer 82, a connecting rib plate 83, a cup bottom 85 and an annular water gap 84, the cup wall 81 is a funnel-shaped structure with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, the cup bottom 85 is arranged at the lower opening of the cup wall 81, the lower opening of the cup wall 81 and the cup bottom 85 are fixedly connected through the connecting rib plates 83 arranged at intervals, so that an annular channel is formed between the cup wall 81 and the cup bottom 85, and the annular channel is correspondingly connected with the annular water gap 84; the refractory material layer 82 is coated on the inner surface of the cup wall 81, the upper surface of the cup bottom 85, and the outer surface of the connection rib 83.
The cup wall 81, the cup bottom 85 and the connecting rib plate 83 are all made of common steel materials and are fixed by welding.
And reheating the prepared double-layer metal composite pipe rod parison or multilayer metal composite pipe rod parison, and forging, rolling, extruding, drawing or other metal calendering processing to finally obtain the double-layer or multilayer metal composite pipe rod profile.
The following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation processes are given, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
[ example 1 ]
In the embodiment, 304 stainless steel is used as a coating material, and Q345 low alloy steel is used as an inner layer material to prepare a 304/Q345 bimetal composite circular rod blank. In the finished product of the bimetal composite round bar blank, the thickness of a 304 stainless steel cladding material is 20mm, the diameter of a Q345 low alloy steel inner layer material is phi 200mm, the outer diameter of the finished product is phi 240mm, and the length of the finished product is 2000 mm. The preparation process comprises the following steps:
a. selecting a Q345 straight carbon steel bar with the diameter of 202mm and the length of 2050mm as an inner layer material to be compounded, processing 2 positioning bolt holes with the diameter of M16 × 20mm at the bottom of a Q345 steel core, removing iron oxide scales on the surface of the Q345 steel core by using a mechanical processing method, and then cleaning and drying the surface of the steel core;
b. designing a casting mold to be circular according to the size of an ingot blank, wherein the casting mold consists of a mold body and a mold bottom, the mold body is formed by combining 2 cast iron mold grooves with lug seats, the wall thickness of each mold groove is 12mm, fastening bolt holes are formed in the lug seats along the height direction, 8 fastening bolts with the diameter of M16 × 80mm are adopted to connect the 2 mold grooves together to form a mold cavity, the inner diameter of the mold cavity is phi 240mm, the length of the mold cavity is 2250mm, a boss with the diameter of phi 239.8mm is machined at the top of the mold bottom, the height of the boss is 15mm, 2 positioning bolt through holes with the diameter of 20mm are machined in the mold bottom, and the positions of the positioning bolt through holes correspond to the positions of the 2 positioning bolt holes in the bottom of the Q345 steel core;
c. preheating a die bottom, a die body and a Q345 steel core to 120-150 ℃, seating the Q345 steel core on the die bottom, and connecting the die bottom and the Q345 steel core into a whole by penetrating an M16 positioning bolt through a positioning bolt through hole of the die bottom; and then the die body is seated on the die bottom, the die cavity is sleeved on the lug boss of the die bottom, and the die body and the die bottom are connected together by adopting the connecting bolt of M12. The die body, the die bottom and the Q345 steel core assembly are arranged in a protective atmosphere chamber, a cover plate at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber is covered, a pouring cup is arranged at the top of the cover plate, the bottom of the pouring cup is provided with an annular water gap, the size of the annular water gap is phi 214 (inner diameter)/phi 226mm (outer diameter), and the lower end of the annular water gap is inserted into the protective atmosphere chamber and is aligned with an annular gap between the Q345 steel core and the die body;
d. 99.99 percent of high-purity argon is filled into the protective atmosphere chamber through the air inlet and outlet pipe orifices, the air in the protective atmosphere chamber is replaced, then the pre-smelted 304 stainless steel melt is injected into the casting mold through the sprue cup and the annular water gap, and the Q345 steel core is surrounded by the 304 stainless steel melt and solidified;
e. and after the 304 stainless steel melt is completely solidified, opening a cover plate at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber, taking out the casting mold and the composite blank, then detaching the positioning bolts, the connecting bolts and the fastening bolts to obtain a 304 stainless steel/Q345 low alloy steel bimetal composite bar blank, and perforating and rolling the composite bar blank serving as a raw material to obtain the 304 stainless steel/Q345 low alloy steel bimetal composite steel pipe.
[ example 2 ]
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this embodiment, 2205 duplex stainless steel/20 MnSi low alloy steel duplex composite rectangular bar blank is prepared by using 2205 duplex stainless steel as a cladding material and 20MnSi low alloy steel as an inner layer material, wherein in the finished product of the duplex composite rectangular bar blank, the thickness of the 2205 duplex stainless steel cladding is 20mm, the cross-sectional dimension of the 20MnSi low alloy steel core is 240 × 320mm, and the length of the finished product is 2000mm, the specific steps are as follows:
a. selecting 2205 duplex stainless steel as an outer layer material to be cast, melting the 2205 duplex stainless steel by using an induction furnace to obtain a 2205 duplex stainless steel melt, selecting 20MnSi low-alloy square steel with the section size of 200 × 280mm as a solid metal steel core to be compounded, wherein the length of the steel core is 2050mm, processing 2 positioning bolt holes with the diameter of M16 × 20mm at the bottom of the 20MnSi steel core, removing iron scales on the surface of the 20MnSi steel core by using a grinding method, and then cleaning and drying the surface of the steel core;
b. the casting mold is designed to be rectangular according to the size of an ingot blank, the casting mold consists of a mold body and a mold bottom, the mold body is formed by combining 2 cast iron mold cavities with lug seats, the thickness of each mold cavity is 20mm, a plurality of fastening bolt holes are formed in the lug seats along the height direction, the two mold cavities are connected together by adopting 8M 16 × 80mm fastening bolts to form a mold cavity, the cross section size of the mold cavity is 240 ×
320mm, 2250mm in length, the cross section of the die bottom is rectangular, a rectangular boss with the size of 240 × 320mm is machined at the top of the die bottom, the height of the boss is 20mm, 2 positioning bolt through holes with the diameter of 20mm are machined at the bottom of the die bottom, and the positions of the positioning bolt through holes correspond to the positions of 2 positioning bolt holes at the bottom of the 20MnSi steel core;
c. preheating a die bottom, a die body and a 20MnSi steel core to 120-150 ℃, seating a Q235 steel core on the die bottom, and connecting the die bottom and the 20MnSi steel core into a whole by penetrating a positioning bolt through hole of the die bottom by using an M16 positioning bolt; then the mould body is seated on the mould bottom, the mould cavity is sleeved on the rectangular boss of the mould bottom, and the mould body and the mould bottom are connected together by adopting the connecting bolt of M16. Putting a die body, a die bottom and a 20MnSi steel core assembly into a protective atmosphere chamber, covering a cover plate at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber, installing a sprue cup at the top of the cover plate, wherein the bottom of the sprue cup is provided with an annular water gap, the cross section of the annular water gap is rectangular, and the lower end of the annular water gap is inserted into the protective atmosphere chamber and is aligned with an annular gap between the 20MnSi steel core and the die body;
d. 99.99 percent of high-purity argon is filled into the protective atmosphere chamber through the air inlet and outlet pipe orifices, the air in the protective atmosphere chamber is replaced, and then the pre-smelted 2205 duplex stainless steel melt is injected into the casting mold through the sprue cup and the annular water gap, so that the 2205 duplex stainless steel melt surrounds the 20MnSi steel core and is solidified;
e. and after the 2205 duplex stainless steel melt is completely solidified, opening a cover plate at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber, taking out the casting mold and the composite blank, then detaching the positioning bolts, the connecting bolts and the fastening bolts to obtain a 2205 duplex stainless steel/20 MnSi low alloy steel duplex composite rectangular bar blank, cogging the duplex rectangular bar blank, and rolling by a high-speed wire rod mill to obtain the 2205 duplex stainless steel/20 MnSi steel duplex composite twisted steel.
[ example 3 ]
As shown in fig. 4, in this example, a Q215 plain carbon steel/TA 2 titanium alloy bimetal composite tube blank is prepared by using Q215 plain carbon steel as a base material and TA2 titanium alloy as an inner layer material. In the finished product of the bimetal composite pipe blank, the thickness of a Q215 plain carbon steel base material is 100mm, the thickness of a TA2 titanium alloy inner layer material is 40mm, and the length of the finished product is 1500 mm. The preparation process comprises the following steps:
a. selecting a TA2 titanium alloy pipe with the diameter of 200mm and the wall thickness of 40mm as an inner layer material to be compounded, setting an end plate at one end of the TA2 titanium alloy pipe for sealing, processing 2 positioning bolt holes with the diameter of M10 × 15mm on the end plate, removing oxide scales on the surface of the TA2 titanium alloy pipe by using a steel wire brush, cleaning the surface and drying;
b. designing a casting mold to be circular according to the size of an ingot blank, wherein the casting mold consists of a mold body and a mold bottom, the mold body is formed by combining 2 cast iron mold cavities with lug seats, the thickness of each mold cavity is 20mm, 8M 16 × 80mm fastening bolts are adopted to connect the two mold cavities together to form a mold cavity, the inner diameter of the mold cavity is 400mm, the length of the mold cavity is 1600mm, the mold bottom is circular, a boss with the diameter of 400mm is machined at the top of the mold bottom, the height of the boss is 40mm, 2 positioning bolt through holes with the diameter of 16mm are machined at the bottom of the mold bottom, and the positions of the positioning bolt through holes correspond to the positions of 2 positioning bolt holes at the bottom of a TA2 titanium alloy tube;
c. preheating a die bottom, a die body and a TA2 titanium alloy pipe to 100-120 ℃, seating the TA2 titanium alloy pipe on the die bottom, penetrating a positioning bolt through hole of the die bottom by using an M10 positioning bolt, and connecting the die bottom and the TA2 titanium alloy pipe into a whole; then the mould body is seated on the mould bottom, the mould cavity is sleeved on the lug boss of the mould bottom, and the mould body and the mould bottom are connected together by adopting the connecting bolt of M16. The assembly of the mold body, the mold bottom and the TA2 titanium alloy tube is arranged in a protective atmosphere chamber, a cover plate at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber is covered, a pouring cup is arranged at the top of the cover plate, the bottom of the pouring cup is provided with an annular water gap, the size of the annular water gap is phi 320 (inner diameter)/phi 335mm (outer diameter), and the lower end of the annular water gap is inserted into the protective atmosphere chamber and is aligned with an annular gap between the TA2 titanium alloy tube and the mold body;
d. 99.99 percent of high-purity argon is filled into the protective atmosphere chamber through the air inlet and outlet pipe orifices, the air in the protective atmosphere chamber is replaced, then the pre-smelted Q235 steel melt is injected into the casting mold through the sprue cup and the annular water gap, and the TA2 titanium alloy pipe is surrounded by the Q235 steel melt and solidified;
e. and after the Q235 steel melt is completely solidified, opening a cover plate at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber, taking out the casting mold and the composite blank, then detaching the positioning bolts, the connecting bolts and the fastening bolts to obtain a TA2 titanium alloy pipe/Q235 plain carbon steel bimetal composite pipe blank, and further rolling the bimetal composite pipe blank to obtain the TA2 titanium alloy pipe/Q235 plain carbon steel bimetal composite steel pipe.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. preparing raw materials: selecting an outer layer metal material of the composite pipe rod parison as a material to be cast, and melting the outer layer metal material by using a melting device to obtain a liquid metal melt; selecting an inner-layer metal material of the composite pipe rod blank as a solid material to be compounded, processing the inner-layer metal material into a solid metal core blank, processing 2 positioning bolt holes at the bottom of the solid metal core blank, removing oxide skin on the surface of the solid metal core blank, cleaning the surface of the solid metal core blank, and drying the solid metal core blank;
b. preparing a casting mold: designing the shape and size of a casting mold according to the shape and size of the composite pipe rod parison, wherein the casting mold consists of a mold body and a mold bottom; the die body is formed by combining at least 2 die cavities with lug seats, the die cavities are of symmetrical structures and are oppositely buckled together, and a die cavity is formed after the die cavities are locked by a plurality of fastening bolts; the shape of the die bottom is the same as that of the composite pipe rod parison, the top of the die bottom is provided with a boss, the shape and the size of the boss correspond to those of the die cavity, the die body and the die bottom are inserted into the die cavity through the boss for positioning and fixing, and the bottom of the die cavity is sealed at the same time; 2 positioning bolt through holes are processed on the die bottom, and the positions of the positioning bolt through holes correspond to the positions of the 2 positioning bolt holes at the bottom of the solid metal core blank; the side surface of the die bottom is provided with a plurality of connecting bolt through holes; a plurality of connecting bolt holes are correspondingly formed in the lower part of the die body;
c. die filling: preheating the die bottom, the die body and the solid metal core blank, seating the solid metal core blank at the central position of the die bottom, and screwing 2 positioning bolts into corresponding positioning bolt holes after penetrating 2 positioning bolt through holes so as to connect the die bottom and the solid metal core blank into a whole; the die body is seated on the die bottom, the lower part of the die cavity is sleeved outside the boss, and a plurality of connecting bolts penetrate through the connecting bolt through holes and then are screwed in the connecting bolt holes, so that the die body, the die bottom and the solid metal core blank form a whole; putting the die body, the die bottom and the solid metal core blank assembly into a protective atmosphere chamber, covering a cover plate at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber, installing a sprue cup at the top of the cover plate, arranging an annular water gap at the bottom of the sprue cup, inserting the lower end of the annular water gap into the protective atmosphere chamber, and enabling an annular molten steel outlet of the annular water gap to be over against an annular gap between the solid metal core blank and the die body below;
d. casting and compounding: filling inert gas into the protective atmosphere chamber through an air inlet and outlet pipe orifice on the protective atmosphere chamber, discharging air in the protective atmosphere chamber, pouring pre-smelted liquid metal melt into a pouring cup when the protective atmosphere chamber is completely filled with the inert gas, and injecting the liquid metal melt into an annular gap between a solid metal core blank and a die body through an annular water gap at the bottom of the pouring cup;
e. and (3) cooling and forming: after the liquid metal melt is poured, the liquid metal melt in the die body surrounds the solid metal core blank to be solidified to form a composite blank, a cover plate at the top of the protective atmosphere chamber is opened, the die and the composite blank are taken out of the protective atmosphere chamber after the composite blank is cooled to a set temperature, and then the positioning bolt, the connecting bolt and the fastening bolt are disassembled to obtain a double-layer metal composite pipe rod blank;
f. preparing a multilayer metal composite blank: and (e) repeating the steps a to e by taking the bimetal composite blank as a solid metal core blank to obtain a multilayer metal composite pipe rod parison.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the descaling is performed by mechanical or chemical means.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mold body and the mold bottom are cast from cast iron or welded from steel plates.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid metal core billet is of a hollow tubular structure when the hollow composite tubular billet is produced and of a solid rod body structure when the solid composite tubular billet is produced.
5. The preparation method of the double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison according to claim 1, wherein the pouring cup consists of a cup wall, a refractory material layer, connecting rib plates, a cup bottom and an annular water gap, the cup wall is of a funnel-shaped structure with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, the cup bottom is arranged at the lower opening of the cup wall, the lower opening of the cup wall and the cup bottom are fixedly connected through the connecting rib plates arranged at intervals, so that an annular channel is formed between the cup wall and the cup bottom, and the annular channel is correspondingly connected with the annular water gap; the refractory material layer is coated on the inner surface of the cup wall, the upper surface of the cup bottom and the outer surface of the connecting rib plate.
6. The method for preparing the double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe rod parison according to claim 5, wherein the cup wall, the cup bottom and the connecting rib plate are fixed by welding.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe-rod parison is reheated and then forged, rolled, extruded, drawn or other metal-rolled to obtain the final double-layer or multi-layer metal composite pipe-rod profile.
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