CN108393465B - Roll sleeve extrusion vibration casting device and roll sleeve production device - Google Patents

Roll sleeve extrusion vibration casting device and roll sleeve production device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108393465B
CN108393465B CN201810167827.XA CN201810167827A CN108393465B CN 108393465 B CN108393465 B CN 108393465B CN 201810167827 A CN201810167827 A CN 201810167827A CN 108393465 B CN108393465 B CN 108393465B
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roller
roller sleeve
mold
sleeve
casting
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CN108393465A (en
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王宏明
李桂荣
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Liaoning Haibao Roll Co ltd
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Jiangsu University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/08Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02Special design or construction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/02Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62Quenching devices

Abstract

The invention provides a roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device and a roller sleeve production device. The method has the advantages of eliminating the solidification defect, promoting the discharge of inclusions and gas, more importantly, hindering the formation of large-size reticular carbide, simultaneously enabling the components of the roller sleeve to be uniformly distributed, and solving the problem of poor anti-stripping accident performance caused by the reticular precipitate of the high-speed steel roller at present. Meanwhile, the metal melt is solidified under longitudinal pressure, the density of the cast-forged piece can be further improved compared with the traditional static solidification, the problems that the roller sleeve is easy to produce shrinkage cavities, looseness and the like in the solidification process are solved, the hardness and the wear resistance of the roller sleeve are improved, and the service life of the roller is prolonged.

Description

Roll sleeve extrusion vibration casting device and roll sleeve production device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device and a roller sleeve production device, belonging to the technical field of metallurgical mechanical equipment.
Background
The roller is an indispensable key part and the most main consumable spare part in the production of the metallurgical industry, and the quality of the roller has important influence on the production cost and the processing efficiency of steel and the quality of rolled parts; the roller mainly bears the influence of dynamic and static load, abrasion and temperature change during rolling in production work, so that the roller is required to have high strength, high toughness, high thermal fatigue resistance and high steel adhesion resistance; at present, various materials for manufacturing the roller are developed at home and abroad, and the common materials comprise cast or forged integral rollers of alloy ductile iron, bainite ductile iron, high-chromium cast iron, high-vanadium cast iron, high-boron alloy, tool section steel and the like, and high-alloy composite rollers produced by an assembly mode.
The composite roller is composed of a roller sleeve (namely an outer layer of a roller body) and a roller core (comprising a roller neck part) which are made of different materials. At present, the production method of the composite roller mainly comprises a casting method, a welding method, a powder metallurgy method and a spray deposition method, but the centrifugal casting method is used most commonly in the production of the composite roller in China. For example, the Chinese patents 201310624270.5 disclose a method for producing an alloy steel roll, 201110364040.0 disclose a method for producing a super wear-resistant centrifugal conforming roll and 201410085918.0 disclose a method for producing a roll by centrifugal casting through a centrifugal casting process. Although the centrifugal casting method has the characteristics of high molten metal yield, alloy material saving, high production efficiency and the like, the centrifugal casting method has the problems which are difficult to avoid, such as: defects such as inclusions, air holes, cracks and the like are easily generated at the composite interface of the roller sleeve and the roller core, so that the bonding strength is reduced; the carbide precipitated under the action of centrifugal force is segregated, so that the structure and the components are not uniform; when the mandrel material is gray cast iron or ductile iron with graphite precipitated, and the shaft sleeve material is high-speed steel, graphitization of a combined part of the outer layer and the core part is deteriorated, and the combined layer becomes brittle due to segregation of carbide, so that the outer layer is peeled off, and the service life of the roller is shortened; therefore, a new method for producing the high-speed steel composite roll is to be developed to further improve the service life of the roll.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the problem of short service life of the roller in the prior art, and provides the roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device and the roller sleeve production device which have long service life.
The invention provides a roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device, which comprises: the device comprises a supporting platform, a roller sleeve mold with an opening arranged above the supporting platform, at least one vibration motor arranged at the bottom of the mold, a supporting slide block and a pressing block arranged at the top of the roller sleeve mold, wherein the supporting slide block can be removed from the lower part of the pressing block after molten metal is solidified, and the pressing block can apply pressure to a casting formed by the solidified molten metal in the mold after the supporting slide block is removed.
Preferably, the bottom of the mould is fixed to the support platform by a spring.
Preferably, the supporting platform is further provided with a guide rail, and the roller sleeve mold is arranged on the guide rail and can move along the guide rail.
Preferably, the roller sleeve mold comprises a bottom mold, a side mold and a cylindrical roller core mold, wherein the bottom mold, the side mold and the cylindrical roller core mold enclose a cavity for forming the roller sleeve, the vibration motor is located at the bottom mold, and the roller core mold is fixed on the supporting platform.
Preferably, the height of the supporting slider is 5-20 cm.
Preferably, the pressure exerted by the compacts on the cast of solidified molten metal in the mould is between 10 and 50 MPa.
Preferably, the vibration motor vibrates at a frequency of 200Hz and 300Hz and an amplitude of 20-30 μm.
The invention also provides a roller sleeve production device, which comprises the roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device; the forging hammer head of the forging machine can stretch into the roller sleeve die from the upper side after the pressing block is removed so as to forge the casting.
Preferably, the roller sleeve production device further comprises a high-temperature quenching system arranged beside the roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device and used for performing high-temperature quenching on the forged casting after the die is opened.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the device for extruding, vibrating and casting the roller sleeve, the cavity of the roller sleeve mold is used for injecting molten metal and forming a roller sleeve casting, the supporting slide block and the pressing block are arranged at the top of the roller sleeve mold and used for sealing the cavity, the vibrating motor located at the bottom of the roller sleeve mold can be started when the molten metal is injected into the cavity, the vibrating motor enables the roller sleeve mold and the molten metal in the internal solidification process to vibrate, the vibration can continue for a period of time after the molten metal is completely solidified, the supporting slide block is removed after the molten metal is solidified, the pressing block is directly placed on the casting, and the gravity of the pressing block acts on the casting in the roller sleeve mold to extrude the casting. The molten metal filling and solidifying process eliminates the solidifying defect through vibration, promotes the discharge of inclusions and gas, more importantly, hinders the formation of large-size reticular carbide, simultaneously ensures the uniform distribution of the components of the roller sleeve, and solves the defect of poor anti-stripping accident performance caused by the reticular precipitate of the prior high-speed steel roller. After the metal is solidified, the supporting slide block is removed, and pressure is loaded through the pressing block, so that the metal melt is solidified under longitudinal pressure, the density of the cast-forged piece can be further improved compared with the traditional static solidification, and the problems that the roller sleeve is easy to produce shrinkage holes, looseness and the like in the solidification process are solved, so that the hardness, the wear resistance and the like of the roller sleeve are improved. Therefore, the device for extruding, vibrating and casting the roller sleeve of the roller is used for extruding and vibrating in the process of casting the roller sleeve of the roller, can overcome various defects of centrifugal casting, and prolongs the service life of the roller.
(2) The roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device divides a roller sleeve mould into a bottom mould, a side mould and a cylindrical roller core mould, wherein the roller core mould is fixed on the supporting platform and does not vibrate along with other parts of the roller sleeve mould, the outer wall of the roller core mould is more easily separated from a casting during vibration, and the mould opening can be conveniently carried out. The bottom of the mould is fixed on the supporting platform through the spring, and the supporting platform supports the mould through the spring, so that the vibration of the mould can be prevented from being transmitted to the supporting platform.
(3) The roller sleeve production device has the advantages. Meanwhile, the roll sleeve production device can realize the integrated continuous production of casting, forging and high-temperature quenching of the roll sleeve, the production period of a single roll is shortened to 1-2 days from the original 3-4 days, the production efficiency is doubled, the production cost is reduced by 20-25% only by energy consumption, and the roll sleeve production device has remarkable technical and economic benefits.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a roll sleeve squeeze vibration casting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a roll shell manufacturing apparatus of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-a support platform; 2-bottom die; 3-side die; 4-supporting the slide block; 5-briquetting; 6-rolling a core mold; 7-a cavity; 8-a vibration motor; 9-a guide rail; 11-forging a hammer head; 12-high temperature quenching system.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides a roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device, which comprises a supporting platform 1, a roller sleeve mould arranged on the supporting platform 1 and provided with an opening at the upper part, at least one vibration motor 8 arranged at the bottom of the mould, a supporting slide block 4 and a pressing block 5 arranged at the top of the roller sleeve mould, wherein the supporting slide block 4 can be removed from the lower part of the pressing block 5 after molten metal is solidified, and the pressing block 5 can apply pressure to a casting formed by the solidified molten metal in the mould after the supporting slide block 4 is removed.
The roll roller shell extrusion vibration casting device of this embodiment, the die cavity 7 of roll roller shell mould is used for supplying the molten metal to pour into and form the roll roller shell foundry goods, supporting slide 4 and briquetting 5 set up and are used for closing cap die cavity 7 at roll roller shell mould top, just can open the vibrating motor 8 that is located roll roller shell mould bottom when the molten metal pours into die cavity 7 into, vibrating motor 8 makes roll roller shell mould and inside solidification in-process molten metal vibration, the vibration can last a period of time after the molten metal solidifies completely always, removing supporting slide 4 after the molten metal solidifies, briquetting 5 directly places on the foundry goods, the gravity of briquetting 5 is on the foundry goods in the roll roller shell mould, extrude the foundry goods. The molten metal filling and solidifying process eliminates the solidifying defect through vibration, promotes the discharge of inclusions and gas, more importantly, hinders the formation of large-size reticular carbide, simultaneously ensures the uniform distribution of the components of the roller sleeve, and solves the defect of poor anti-stripping accident performance caused by the reticular precipitate of the prior high-speed steel roller. After the metal is solidified, the supporting slide block is removed, and pressure is loaded through the pressing block, so that the metal melt is solidified under longitudinal pressure, the density of the cast-forged piece can be further improved compared with the traditional static solidification, and the problems that the roller sleeve is easy to produce shrinkage holes, looseness and the like in the solidification process are solved, so that the hardness, the wear resistance and the like of the roller sleeve are improved. Therefore, the roll sleeve extruding and vibrating casting device of the embodiment extrudes and vibrates in the roll sleeve casting process, can overcome various defects of centrifugal casting, and prolongs the service life of the roll.
Further, the roller sleeve mold comprises a bottom mold 2, a side mold 3 and a cylindrical roller core mold 6, the bottom mold 2, the side mold 3 and the cylindrical roller core mold 6 are enclosed to form a roller sleeve molding cavity, the vibration motor 8 is located at the bottom of the bottom mold 2, and the roller core mold 6 is fixed on the supporting platform 1.
The roller sleeve mold is divided into a bottom mold 2, a side mold 3 and a cylindrical roller core mold 6, the roller core mold 6 is fixed on the supporting platform 1, the roller core mold 6 does not vibrate along with other parts of the roller sleeve mold, the outer wall of the roller core mold 6 is more easily separated from a casting during vibration, and the mold opening can be conveniently carried out.
Further, the height of the support slider 4 is any value of 5-20cm, such as 5cm, 15cm, 20 cm. The height of the supporting slide block 4 is set to be 5-20cm, so that the volume shrinkage generated when molten metal is solidified can be well adapted.
Further, the pressure of the compact 5 applied to the casting of the solidified molten metal in the mold is any value of 10 to 50MPa (the pressure value is obtained by dividing the weight of the compact 5 by the cross-sectional area of the mold), such as 10MPa, 20MPa, 30MPa, 40MPa, 50 MPa. The vibration motor 8 vibrates at any frequency of 200-300Hz, such as 200Hz, 250Hz, 300Hz, and at any amplitude of 20-30 μm, such as 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm.
By applying the above-mentioned pressure to the casting and using the above-mentioned high vibration frequency microamplitude, solidification defects and undesirable network precipitates can be further eliminated, resulting in excellent hardness and wear resistance of the roll shell.
Further, the bottom of the mold, specifically the bottom mold 2, is fixed on the support platform 1 through a spring.
The bottom of the mould is fixed on the supporting platform 1 through a spring, and the supporting platform 1 supports the mould through the spring, so that the vibration of the mould can be prevented from being transmitted to the supporting platform 1.
Further, a guide rail 9 is further arranged on the supporting platform 1, and the roller sleeve mold is arranged on the guide rail 9 and can move along the guide rail 9.
After the guide rail 9 is arranged, the roller sleeve die and the casting can be conveniently moved, so that the casting can be further processed conveniently.
The invention also provides a roller sleeve production device, which comprises the roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device as shown in the figure 2 in the embodiment 1; and the forging hammer head 11 of the forging machine can extend into the roller sleeve die from the upper part after the pressing block 5 is removed so as to forge the casting.
The roll shell manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment has the advantages described in embodiment 1.
After vibration extrusion in the casting process is carried out in the roller sleeve die, the pressing block 5 is removed, a forging hammer head 11 of the forging machine (the shape of the cross section of the forging hammer head 11 is the same as that of the cross section of the cavity) extends into the roller sleeve die, and the forging machine is started to directly carry out hot forging on a roller sleeve casting formed in the roller sleeve die, so that energy conservation and consumption reduction are realized.
Further, the roller sleeve production device further comprises a high-temperature quenching system 12 arranged beside the roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device and used for performing high-temperature quenching on the forged casting after the die is opened.
The forging is formed after the roll sleeve casting is subjected to hot forging, the forging also has heat, so that high-temperature quenching can be further performed by using the temperature of the forging, the side die 3 of the roll sleeve die needs to be removed (namely, the die sinking) before the high-temperature quenching, then the forging is quenched by using the high-temperature quenching system 12, and for the quenching convenience, the roll sleeve die is arranged on the guide rail 9, so that the bottom die 2 and the forging move on the guide rail 9 together to be close to the high-temperature quenching system 12.
The roller sleeve production device is adopted to produce the roller sleeve, the integrated continuous production of casting, forging and high-temperature quenching of the roller sleeve can be realized, the production period of a single roller is shortened from the original 3-4 days to 1-2 days, the production efficiency is doubled, the production cost is reduced by 20% -25% only by energy consumption, and the production device has remarkable technical and economic benefits.
Effect example 1
The roller sleeve is produced by adopting the roller sleeve extruding and vibrating casting device. The components of the molten high-speed steel for casting the roller sleeve are shown in table 1, and the molten high-speed steel is smelted at the temperature of 1490 ℃ until the components are qualified. Before casting, a vibration motor is started to form high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration, the frequency of the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration is 249Hz, the micro-amplitude vibration is 24 mu m, molten metal is injected into a mold to start casting, a pressing block 5 is placed on the mold after molten metal filling is finished, when the molten metal in a cavity is completely solidified, a supporting sliding block is removed immediately, and a roller sleeve which is just solidified is extruded by utilizing the gravity action of the pressing block 5, wherein the height of the supporting sliding block 4 adopted by the embodiment of the effect is 10cm, and the pressure applied to the roller sleeve by the pressing block 5 is 30 MPa.
The roll sleeve prepared by the embodiment with the effect is subjected to mechanical property measurement and metallographic analysis, wherein the results of the mechanical property measurement are shown in table 2, and the results of the metallographic analysis are shown in table 3.
TABLE 1 composition of high speed Steel metal bath (% by weight)
Figure BDA0001584969680000061
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is different from effect example 1 only in that no vibration is performed during the roll shell production process. The roll sleeve prepared in the comparative example was subjected to mechanical property measurement and metallographic analysis, the results of the mechanical property measurement are shown in table 2, and the results of the metallographic analysis are shown in table 3.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from effect example 1 only in that no extrusion is performed during the production of the roll shell. The roll sleeve prepared in the comparative example was subjected to mechanical property measurement and metallographic analysis, the results of the mechanical property measurement are shown in table 2, and the results of the metallographic analysis are shown in table 3.
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of the roll cover of the rolls
Figure BDA0001584969680000062
TABLE 3 comparison of the results of statistical analysis of metallographic structures
Figure BDA0001584969680000063
From the comparison results (tables 2 and 3), the beneficial effects of the roller sleeve production method are obvious, the roller sleeve production method is mainly reflected in the aspects of roller performance including hardness and mechanical strength, and is obviously improved compared with the method without adopting micro-amplitude vibration and extrusion, metallographic structure detection proves that the roller sleeve production method reduces lamellar precipitates affecting performance, particularly reduces reticular precipitates and reduces size, and the effects are enough to overcome the problems of short service life and poor accident resistance of the conventional high-speed steel roller sleeve.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The roller sleeve production device is characterized by comprising a supporting platform (1), a roller sleeve extrusion vibration casting device, a forging machine and a high-temperature quenching system (12), a roller sleeve die with an opening formed in the upper portion and arranged on the supporting platform (1), at least one vibration motor (8) arranged at the bottom of the die, a supporting slide block (4) and a pressing block (5) which are sequentially arranged at the top of the roller sleeve die, wherein high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration is applied to a molten metal filling process, a solidifying process and a solidified casting, the frequency of the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration is 200-300Hz, the amplitude of the high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration is 20-30 mu m, the supporting slide block (4) is 5-20cm in height, the supporting slide block (4) can be removed from the lower portion of the pressing block (5) after the molten metal is solidified, and the pressing block (5) can be applied to the casting formed by the solidified molten metal in the die after the supporting slide block (4) is removed Pressure intensity; the pressure of the pressing block (5) applied to a casting formed by solidified molten metal in the mold is 10-50 MPa;
the roll sleeve extrusion vibration casting device comprises a roll sleeve extrusion vibration casting device and a forging machine, wherein a forging hammer head (11) of the forging machine can extend into a roll sleeve die from the upper part after removing a pressing block (5) so as to forge a casting;
a high temperature quenching system (12) beside the extrusion vibration casting device.
2. The roll sleeve production device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the mould is fixed to the support platform (1) by means of springs.
3. A roll sleeve production device according to claim 2, characterized in that the supporting platform (1) is further provided with a guide rail (9), and the roll sleeve mould is arranged on the guide rail (9) and can move along the guide rail (9).
4. The roller sleeve production device according to claim 3, wherein the roller sleeve mold comprises a bottom mold (2), a side mold (3) and a cylindrical roller core mold (6), the bottom mold (2), the side mold (3) and the cylindrical roller core mold (6) enclose a cavity for forming the roller sleeve, the vibration motor (8) is located at the bottom of the bottom mold (2), and the roller core mold (6) is fixed on the supporting platform (1).
CN201810167827.XA 2018-02-28 2018-02-28 Roll sleeve extrusion vibration casting device and roll sleeve production device Active CN108393465B (en)

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CN112276045A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-01-29 湖南三泰新材料股份有限公司 Pressure casting device for composite roller sleeve
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JP3658348B2 (en) * 2001-09-06 2005-06-08 花野商事株式会社 Metal forming method and metal forming apparatus
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CN1301815C (en) * 2005-06-01 2007-02-28 东北大学 Electromagnetic continuous casting method of composite roller and its casting equipment
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CN103624240B (en) * 2013-11-22 2016-04-27 江苏大学 The method of centrifugal casting high boron high-speed steel roll under the electric field compound action of magnetic field
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