CN111386963A - Tremella aurantialba cultivation method using tremella aurantialba seedling inoculation - Google Patents
Tremella aurantialba cultivation method using tremella aurantialba seedling inoculation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111386963A CN111386963A CN202010376155.0A CN202010376155A CN111386963A CN 111386963 A CN111386963 A CN 111386963A CN 202010376155 A CN202010376155 A CN 202010376155A CN 111386963 A CN111386963 A CN 111386963A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/50—Inoculation of spawn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
- A01G18/66—Cultivation bags
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly relates to a golden fungus cultivation method using golden fungus seedlings for inoculation. Inoculating the golden fungus seedlings with or without containers into a cultivation bag, wherein liquid seeds of host stereum hirsutum of the golden fungus are used or not used as spawn running aids when the golden fungus seedlings are inoculated into the cultivation bag, the mycelium part of the golden fungus seedlings directly grows after the golden fungus seedlings are inoculated into the cultivation bag, and compost in the cultivation bag is decomposed to supply nutrients for the golden fungus on the golden fungus seedlings so that the golden fungus seedlings continuously grow to obtain a golden fungus fruiting body product. The application of the method improves the inoculation success rate of the golden fungus cultivation bag to more than 99 percent, and shortens the cultivation time of the golden fungus cultivation bag to 45-55 days.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly relates to a tremella aurantialba cultivation method using tremella aurantialba seedlings for inoculation.
Background
The research aiming at the biological characteristics of the golden fungus considers that the golden fungus is parasitic fungus and parasitizes on the stereum hirsutum, the golden fungus fruiting body is a heterogeneous fruiting body and is a complex consisting of golden fungus hypha and stereum hirsutum hypha, and the golden fungus hypha can provide nutrition for the golden fungus hypha by the stereum hirsutum. Based on the guidance of the principle, the existing golden fungus culture process[1,2,3,4,5,6,7]See fig. 1.
Therefore, in the existing tremella aurantialba culture process, a mixed culture of a host and a parasitic bacterium is inoculated during transfer or the mixed culture of the host and the parasitic bacterium is inoculated, after the mixed culture is inoculated into a strain culture medium or a culture bag, the mixture of the host and the parasitic bacterium needs to germinate hypha firstly, the hypha grows to a certain physiological maturity in the form of the hypha, then, a tremella aurantialba primordium is generated through induction, and then, fruiting management is carried out to obtain the tremella aurantialba fruiting bodies. In the prior art, no matter which process is used for inoculation, the parasitic relationship between the golden fungus and the stereum hirsutum is established by mixing strains and then in a mixed hypha state. The mechanism of the process is not clearly researched at present, manual regulation cannot be performed, and a plurality of uncertain factors such as: whether the parasitic relationship between the golden fungus and the stereum hirsutum is established or not and whether the parasitic relationship is qualified or not. Therefore, the situation that the proportion of the host and the parasitic bacteria is not proper frequently occurs, the invalid strains and the states of the strains are inconsistent when the strains are manufactured, the mushroom bags (25%) which do not produce mushrooms and the fruiting disorder (the fruiting body one-tide mushroom maturity consistency rate is 40%) are caused when the cultivation bags are inoculated, and the cultivation period is as long as 70-80 days.
In addition, the existing tremella aurantialba fruiting body culture process is not suitable for the requirements of facility and factory fruiting.
Summary of The Invention
The invention provides a golden fungus cultivation method using golden fungus seedlings for inoculation, which is used for improving the inoculation success rate of golden fungus cultivation bags and shortening the cultivation period so as to adapt to the process requirements of mechanized inoculation and industrial cultivation of golden fungus.
According to the existing tremella aurantialba culture process and practice verification, the inventor summarizes that: the golden fungus can grow fruiting bodies in a container in a strain culture stage, and the fruiting bodies are important inoculation materials used in the transfer culture of the golden fungus. The invention provides a golden fungus cultivation method using golden fungus seedling inoculation, which is guided by the method and combines the biological characteristics of golden fungus, namely, the golden fungus is parasitic fungus and parasitizes in stereum hirsutum, the fruiting body is a heterogeneous fruiting body, the golden fungus hypha and the stereum hirsutum hypha are contained, and the growth of the golden fungus hypha provides nutrition for the golden fungus hypha by the stereum hirsutum.
Definition of Tremella Aurantialba Miq
The tremella aurantialba is inoculated into a small container (such as a test tube, a centrifuge tube, etc.) filled with a culture medium, and then the tremella aurantialba is overgrown with hypha in the small container to cultivate a small fungus (also called a young fungus or a small tremella aurantialba, which are used interchangeably), and at this time, the culture consisting of the small tremella aurantialba and the hypha overgrown culture medium in the container is called a tremella aurantialba seedling. If the conventional species of Tremella aurantialba is compared to the plant seeds, the seedlings of Tremella aurantialba can be compared to the seedlings of the plant, and the cultivation method using inoculation of the seedlings of Tremella aurantialba can be understood as a transplanting cultivation method using the seedlings with the medium. Tremella aurantialba seedlings are understood to be whole cultures of Tremella aurantialba.
Specifically, the invention provides a golden fungus cultivation method using golden fungus seedlings for inoculation, which comprises the step of inoculating golden fungus seedlings into cultivation bags, and is characterized in that: the culture which is full of hypha and has established parasitic relationship and grows small golden fungus, namely golden fungus seedlings, is used as an inoculation material of the cultivation bag.
According to the present invention, the cultivation method of tremella aurantialba further comprises a step of producing seedlings of tremella aurantialba, wherein a liquid species of the host stereum hirsutum of tremella aurantialba is used or not used as a spawn running aid.
According to the present invention, Tremella aurantialba seedlings, with or without a container, are inoculated into the cultivation bags.
According to the invention, when the cultivation bag is used for inoculating golden fungus seedlings, the liquid strain of the host stereum hirsutum of golden fungus is used or not used as spawn running assistance.
According to the invention, after the golden fungus seedlings are inoculated in the cultivation bag, the mycelium part of the golden fungus seedlings directly grows, and the culture material in the cultivation bag is decomposed to supply nutrients for the golden fungus on the cultivation bag, so that the golden fungus continuously grows into golden fungus fruiting body products.
According to the invention, the preparation of the golden fungus seedlings comprises the preparation of a culture medium of the golden fungus seedlings, the selection of a culture container, and the inoculation and culture of the golden fungus seedlings.
According to the present invention, the culture vessel includes a direct vessel and an outer vessel.
According to the present invention, the cultivation bag inoculation of the golden fungus seedlings includes a direct inoculation method without a container, an auxiliary inoculation method without a container, a direct inoculation method with a container, or an auxiliary inoculation method with a container.
In one embodiment, the direct container of the golden fungus seedlings is a small container used for filling with culture medium, accommodating a single golden fungus culture and providing a sterile space for cultivation of the golden fungus seedlings. The material of the container has no special requirement, and can be plastic, glass, metal, wood and the like, and is usually plastic; the periphery of the container is provided with holes or blind holes; when the periphery of the container is perforated or sewed, the container is a tubular container with one end or two ends opened, and when the periphery of the container is not perforated, the container is a tubular container with one end opened; the diameter of the small container is 5-50mm, and the height of the small container is 10-200 mm. When golden fungus seedlings are manufactured, the container with the through holes on the periphery is placed into an outer container for golden fungus seedling cultivation, and the container without the through holes on the periphery is used alone and is not placed into the outer container. The direct container of the golden fungus seedlings is convenient for mechanical operation, and the periphery of the container is provided with holes or seams, or one end or two ends of the container are provided with openings, so that the golden fungus seedlings can conveniently absorb nutrition nearby from the culture material in the cultivation bag and/or exchange nutrition with the inoculated stereum hirsutum liquid strains.
In one embodiment, the golden fungus seedling outer container is a cylindrical or box-shaped container used for accommodating a golden fungus seedling direct container with through holes on the periphery, and meanwhile, a sterile space is provided for culturing the golden fungus seedlings. An outer container can hold 1 to a plurality of golden fungus seedling direct containers, and the material of the container can be plastic, glass, metal, wood and the like or the combination of the materials. The size of the outer container is determined according to the number of the golden fungus seedlings to be accommodated, and is not particularly limited.
In one embodiment, the preparation of the culture medium of the golden fungus seedlings comprises sub-packaging and sterilization, namely, the prepared culture medium of the golden fungus seedlings is sub-packaged into a golden fungus seedling direct container, the charging height of the golden fungus seedling direct container without holes at the periphery is about 2/3 of the container height, the golden fungus seedling direct container is sealed by a matched air-permeable cover or an air-permeable sealing film after being charged with the culture medium, then high-pressure moist heat sterilization is carried out, and the golden fungus seedling culture medium is cooled for standby; filling or leaving a space with a height of 1-10mm when the golden fungus seedlings with the through holes on the periphery are directly filled in a container, putting the golden fungus seedlings into an outer container after filling, sealing the outer container with a ventilating cover or a film, then performing high-pressure moist heat sterilization, and cooling for later use.
In one embodiment, the inoculating and culturing of the golden fungus seedlings comprises inoculating golden fungus strains to the golden fungus seedling culture medium prepared by the method, the source and the preparation method of the golden fungus strains are not limited, the inoculating method of the golden fungus seedlings is not limited, and the inoculating method can be any inoculating method in the existing golden fungus cultivation method. After the golden fungus seedlings are inoculated, the golden fungus seedlings are placed in a culture room or an incubator for culture, and after young ears grow out, the golden fungus seedlings can be used for inoculating a culture bag or stored for later use.
In one embodiment, the golden fungus cultivation bag inoculation comprises the steps of punching inoculation holes with the size equivalent to that of golden fungus seedlings on the golden fungus cultivation bag, and placing one golden fungus seedling in each inoculation hole; then transferring the strain out of the mushroom house for dark culture for 7-15 days at 17-28 deg.C (e.g. 18-20 deg.C), uncovering the sealing material after hypha germinates to seal the gap of the inoculation hole, humidifying (humidity is above 75%, e.g. 80%, 85%, 90%, or even 95-100%), and controlling CO2At a concentration of 1200ppm or less, e.g., 1000ppm, 800ppm, or even 600ppm, the illumination is turned on (e.g., L ED lamp strip), and after culturing for 35-45 days (e.g., 40 days), the color of the whole Tremella aurantialba fruiting body is bright orange or golden yellow.
In one embodiment, the container-free direct inoculation method comprises: culturing a golden fungus seedling in a direct container without holes on the periphery, taking the golden fungus seedling out of the direct container during inoculation, wherein the mycelium part of the golden fungus seedling can be complete or partially removed according to the inoculation requirement; taking sterilized golden fungus cultivation bags which are not inoculated yet and punching inoculation holes with the size equivalent to that of golden fungus seedlings on the golden fungus cultivation bags, wherein the golden fungus cultivation bags can be vertical bags or horizontal bags, 1 to a plurality of inoculation holes can be punched on one cultivation bag, and one golden fungus seedling is placed in one inoculation hole; and (3) the golden fungus cultivation bag is sealed by a breathable material after being inoculated into a golden fungus seedling, then the golden fungus cultivation bag is transferred into a mushroom house for cultivation management, the sealing material is uncovered after hyphae germinate and seal the gap of the inoculation hole, and the cultivation management is continued until the golden fungus fruit bodies are mature and then harvested.
In one embodiment, the container-less assisted seeding method comprises: culturing a golden fungus seedling in a direct container without holes on the periphery, taking the golden fungus seedling out of the direct container during inoculation, wherein the mycelium part of the golden fungus seedling can be complete or partially removed according to the inoculation requirement; taking sterilized golden fungus cultivation bags which are not inoculated yet and punching inoculation holes with the size equivalent to that of golden fungus seedlings on the golden fungus cultivation bags, wherein the golden fungus cultivation bags can be vertical bags or horizontal bags, 1 to a plurality of inoculation holes can be punched on one cultivation bag, the liquid strains of the hirsutella fungus are firstly inoculated into the inoculation holes, then the golden fungus seedlings are inoculated into the cultivation bags, and one golden fungus seedling is inoculated into one inoculation hole; the golden fungus cultivation bag is connected with a stereum hirsutum liquid strain and golden fungus seedlings, sealed by a breathable material, transferred into a mushroom house for cultivation management, the sealing material is uncovered after hyphae germinate and seal gaps of inoculation holes, and cultivation management is continued until golden fungus sporocarp is mature and then harvested.
In one embodiment, the containerized direct inoculation process comprises: culturing golden fungus seedlings by using a golden fungus seedling direct container with holes on the periphery, and inoculating the golden fungus seedlings and the direct container into a cultivation bag during inoculation; taking sterilized golden fungus cultivation bags which are not inoculated yet, punching inoculation holes with the size equivalent to that of golden fungus seedlings with containers on the golden fungus cultivation bags, wherein the golden fungus cultivation bags can be vertical bags or horizontal bags, 1 to a plurality of inoculation holes can be punched on one cultivation bag, and one golden fungus seedling with a container is placed in one inoculation hole; and (3) the golden fungus cultivation bag is connected with a golden fungus seedling with a container and then sealed by a breathable material, then the golden fungus seedling is transferred to a mushroom house for cultivation management, the sealing material is uncovered after hyphae germinate and seal gaps of the inoculation hole, and the cultivation management is continued until golden fungus fruit bodies are mature and then harvested.
In one embodiment, the container-assisted seeding method comprises: culturing golden fungus seedlings by using a golden fungus seedling direct container with holes on the periphery, and inoculating the golden fungus seedlings and the direct container into a cultivation bag during inoculation; taking sterilized and un-inoculated golden fungus cultivation bags, punching inoculation holes with the size equivalent to that of golden fungus seedlings with containers on the golden fungus cultivation bags, wherein the golden fungus cultivation bags can be vertical bags or horizontal bags, 1 to a plurality of inoculation holes can be punched on one cultivation bag, the liquid strains of the hirsutella hirsuta are firstly inoculated in the inoculation holes, then the golden fungus seedlings with the containers are inoculated, and one inoculation hole is inoculated with the golden fungus seedlings with the containers; the golden fungus cultivation bag is inoculated with a stereum hirsutum liquid strain and a golden fungus seedling with a container, sealed by a breathable material, then transferred into a mushroom house for cultivation management, the sealing material is uncovered after hyphae germinate to seal gaps of an inoculation hole, and cultivation management is continued until golden fungus fruiting bodies are mature and then harvested.
Effects of the invention
Compared with the existing tremella aurantialba culture process, the invention has the innovation and advantages that: when the golden fungus cultivation bag is manufactured, a golden fungus seedling is used as an inoculation material, and a fruiting point position is inoculated by one golden fungus seedling. The application of the method realizes screening and grading of the tremella aurantialba inoculation materials at the strain stage, eliminates strains without establishing a parasitic relationship and with unqualified parasitic relationship, grades the tremella aurantialba seedlings which have established qualified parasitic relationship and grow healthy sporocarp, and uses the tremella aurantialba seedlings in batches by grades when inoculating the cultivation bags. The qualified parasitic relationship between the golden fungus and the stereum hirsutum is established before the strain is inoculated into the cultivation bag, the induction of the golden fungus sporophore primordium and the cultivation of the young golden fungus are completed in the strain stage, the parasitic relationship between the golden fungus and the stereum hirsutum does not need to be established after the golden fungus seedling is inoculated into the cultivation bag, the generation of the golden fungus primordium does not need to be induced, and the golden fungus sporophore product can be obtained only by the germination, growth and decomposition of hyphae in the culture material and the supply of nutrition for the golden fungus young ear so that the golden fungus young ear can directly and continuously grow. The method successfully puts the test of uncertain factors (whether the parasitic relation between the golden fungus and the stereum hirsutum is established or not and whether the parasitic relation is qualified or not) in the golden fungus cultivation process into the strain production stage with less consumed raw materials, less occupied space, high operation efficiency and high cultivation environment controllability, and is different from the culture mode that the uncertain factors (a large amount of non-fruiting cultivation bags and inconsistent fruiting states) are tested only in the cultivation bag stage in the prior art, so that the success rate of inoculating the golden fungus cultivation bags is greatly improved, and the cultivation period of fruiting golden fungus is greatly shortened. In addition, the tremella aurantialba seedling and the inoculation technology thereof can meet the requirements of mechanized inoculation and industrial cultivation.
Brief Description of Drawings
In order to more clearly describe the technical solution of the present invention, the following brief description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that these drawings depict only some specific embodiments of the invention herein. The present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following figures:
FIG. 1 shows a prior art Tremella aurantialba culture process;
FIG. 2 shows the cultivation method using the inoculation of Tremella aurantialba seedlings according to the present invention and its advantages;
FIG. 3 illustrates the prior art Tremella aurantialba cultivation method and its disadvantages; and
FIG. 4 shows a Tremella aurantialba seedling of the present invention, wherein 1 represents: a direct container with no holes on the periphery and an opening at one end and golden fungus seedlings are used for culturing; 2 represents: tremella aurantialba seedling-used for inoculation; and 3 represents: an outer container, a direct container with holes on the periphery and openings at two ends and a golden fungus seedling are used for culturing; 4 represents: a direct container with holes on the periphery and openings at two ends and a golden fungus seedling for inoculation; and 5 represents: an outer container, a plurality of direct containers with holes on the periphery and openings at two ends, and a plurality of golden fungus seedlings are used for culturing.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are part, and not all, of the present invention. All variations that can be made by a person skilled in the art on the basis of the embodiments of the invention without inventive step fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Example 1 (direct inoculation without Container)
1 preparation of Tremella aurantialba seedling
1.1 Tremella aurantialba seedling culture medium formula
78.9% of cottonseed hull, 20% of soybean meal, 1% of gypsum and KH2PO40.1%, water content 65%, natural pH.
1.2 Tremella aurantialba seedling culture medium preparation and subpackaging method
The water content of the cottonseed hulls is default to 5%, the default water content of other raw materials is zero, the using amount of each component and the adding amount of water are calculated according to the preparation water content and the subpackaging amount of 65%, the components are weighed according to the calculation result and are uniformly mixed and stirred, then polypropylene seedlings which are made of polypropylene materials and have the diameter of 15mm and the height of 80mm are subpackaged into a golden fungus seedling direct container with one open end and no holes at the periphery, the charging height is 50mm, after a culture medium is filled into the container, the container is sealed by a matched ventilating cover or a ventilating sealing film, and the container is sterilized under the condition of moist heat and high pressure (121 ℃) for 3 hours and.
1.3 inoculation and culture of Tremella Aurantialba seedlings
The culture medium prepared by the method 1.2 is inoculated with a liquid strain of the stereum hirsutum prepared in advance under aseptic conditions, then the tissue block of the fruiting body strain of the tremella aurantialba prepared in advance is inoculated, dark culture is carried out for about 40 days at 18-22 ℃, hyphae in the culture medium are fully developed, the fruiting body tissue block of the tremella aurantialba expands and is regenerated into young tremella aurantia with the diameter of about 10mm, and then the tremella aurantia seedling is obtained and can be used for being inoculated into a culture bag or placed in a refrigerator for dark storage at 1-4 ℃.
2 cultivation bag production
2.1 formula of culture material of tremella aurantialba culture bag:
58.9 percent of cottonseed hull, 25 percent of mixed wood dust, 15 percent of soybean meal, 1 percent of gypsum powder and KH2PO40.1%, water content 65%, natural pH.
2.2 the preparation method of the culture material of the golden fungus culture bag comprises the following steps:
firstly, taking a wood chip sample for water content measurement, calculating the actual wood chip amount, the component amount and the water addition amount according to the wood chip water content measurement result, the 65% prepared water content and the bagging amount, calculating the actual wood chip amount, the component amount and the water addition amount according to the calculation result, putting the components into a blender, mixing and stirring uniformly for 80min, respectively putting the components into polypropylene bags after the mixing is finished, sealing the bags by using an aluminum buckle or a lantern ring cover, transferring the bags into a sterilization cabinet, sterilizing for 3 hours under damp-heat high pressure (121 ℃), and cooling to below 25 ℃ for later use.
2.3 inoculation and cultivation of Tremella aurantialba culture bags
When the golden fungus cultivation bag is inoculated, the golden fungus seedlings prepared by the method 1.3 are directly accommodatedTaking out the culture bag made by the method 2.2, punching inoculation holes with the size equivalent to that of the golden fungus seedlings on the culture bag, wherein the golden fungus culture bag can be a vertical bag or a horizontal bag, 1 to a plurality of inoculation holes can be punched on one culture bag, and one golden fungus seedling is placed in one inoculation hole; inoculating golden fungus cultivation bags into golden fungus seedlings, sealing with a breathable material, transferring into a mushroom house, transferring out of the mushroom house, culturing in the dark at 18-20 ℃ for 15 days, uncovering the sealing material after hyphae germinate and seal gaps of inoculation holes, humidifying (humidity is 95-100%), and controlling CO2And (3) starting illumination (L ED lamp strips) when the concentration is 800ppm, and harvesting when the whole color of the golden fungus sporocarp is bright orange or golden yellow after culturing for 40 days.
2.4, harvesting:
cutting off the ear base along the edge of the fungus bag by using a banana knife.
Example 2 direct inoculation with Container
1 preparation of Tremella aurantialba seedling
1.1 Tremella aurantialba seedling culture medium formula
60.9 percent of corncob, 20 percent of cottonseed hull, 18 percent of wheat bran, 1 percent of gypsum and KH2PO40.1%, water content 68%, pH is natural.
1.2 Tremella aurantialba seedling culture medium preparation and subpackaging method
The method comprises the following steps of (1) defaulting the cottonseed hulls to 5% of water content and defaulting the other raw materials to zero of water content, calculating the actual use amount of each component and the addition amount of water according to the preparation water content and the subpackaging amount of 62%, weighing each component according to the calculation result, uniformly mixing and stirring, subpackaging the obtained mixture into polypropylene direct containers with the diameter of 15mm and the height of 50mm, opening two ends and holes on the periphery, filling the obtained mixture into outer containers with the height of 40-45mm, filling the obtained direct containers with the culture medium into the outer containers, filling one outer container into 1 or more direct containers with the obtained golden fungus seedlings, sealing the outer containers by using a ventilating cover or a membrane, sterilizing for 3 hours under the condition of high temperature and humidity (121 ℃), and cooling to.
1.3 inoculation and culture of Tremella Aurantialba seedlings
The culture medium prepared by the method 1.2 is inoculated with a liquid strain of the stereum hirsutum prepared in advance under aseptic conditions, then the tissue block of the fruiting body strain of the tremella aurantialba prepared in advance is inoculated, dark culture is carried out for about 40 days at 18-22 ℃, hyphae in the culture medium are fully developed, the fruiting body tissue block of the tremella aurantialba expands and is regenerated into young tremella aurantia with the diameter of about 10mm, and then the tremella aurantia seedling is obtained and can be used for being inoculated into a culture bag or placed in a refrigerator for dark storage at 1-4 ℃.
2 cultivation bag production
2.1 formula of culture material of tremella aurantialba culture bag:
58.9 percent of cottonseed hull, 25 percent of mixed wood dust, 15 percent of soybean meal, 1 percent of gypsum powder and KH2PO40.1%, water content 65%, natural pH.
2.2 the preparation method of the culture material of the golden fungus culture bag comprises the following steps:
firstly, taking a wood chip sample for water content measurement, calculating the actual wood chip amount, the component amount and the water addition amount according to the wood chip water content measurement result, the 65% prepared water content and the bagging amount, calculating the actual wood chip amount, the component amount and the water addition amount according to the calculation result, putting the components into a blender, mixing and stirring uniformly for 80min, respectively putting the components into polypropylene bags after the mixing is finished, sealing the bags by using an aluminum buckle or a lantern ring cover, transferring the bags into a sterilization cabinet, sterilizing for 3 hours under damp-heat high pressure (121 ℃), and cooling to below 25 ℃ for later use.
2.3 inoculation and cultivation of Tremella aurantialba culture bags
When the golden fungus cultivation bag is inoculated, the golden fungus seedling with the direct container, which is manufactured by the method 1.3, is taken out from the outer container, the golden fungus cultivation bag manufactured by the method 2.2 is taken to punch a seed inoculation hole with the size equivalent to that of the golden fungus seedling with the direct container, the golden fungus cultivation bag can be a vertical bag or a horizontal bag, 1 to a plurality of seed inoculation holes can be punched on one cultivation bag, and one seed inoculation hole is internally provided with the golden fungus seedling with the direct container; inoculating golden fungus cultivation bag into golden fungus seedling with direct container, sealing with air permeable material, transferring into mushroom house, culturing in dark at 18-20 deg.C for 15 days, removing sealing material after hypha germinates to seal gaps of inoculation hole, humidifying (humidity 95-100%), and controlling CO2The concentration is 800ppm, the illumination is started (L ED lamp belt), and the whole color of the golden fungus fruiting body is bright orange or golden yellow after the golden fungus fruiting body is cultured for 40 daysAnd (6) harvesting.
2.4, harvesting:
cutting off the ear base along the edge of the fungus bag by using a banana knife.
Example 3 (inoculation method without Container)
1 preparation of Tremella aurantialba seedling
1.1 Tremella aurantialba seedling culture medium formula
63.9 percent of corncob, 20 percent of cottonseed hull, 15 percent of soybean meal, 1 percent of gypsum and KH2PO40.1%, water content 68%, natural pH.
1.2 Tremella aurantialba seedling culture medium preparation and subpackaging method
Firstly, a corncob sample is taken for water content determination, the water content of cottonseed hulls is defaulted to be 5%, the default water content of other raw materials is zero, the actual corncob usage, the usage of each component and the addition of water are calculated according to the determination result of the water content of the corncob, the preparation water content of 68% and the subpackaging quantity, the components are weighed according to the calculation result, are uniformly mixed and stirred, then, the corncob is subpackaged into a container made of polypropylene, the diameter of the container is 15mm, the height of the container is 80mm, golden fungus seedlings which are open at one end and are not provided with holes at the periphery are directly placed in the container, the charging height is 50mm, after the corncob samples are placed into a culture medium, the container is sealed by a matched.
1.3 inoculation and culture of Tremella Aurantialba seedlings
The culture medium prepared by the method 1.2 is inoculated with a liquid strain of the stereum hirsutum prepared in advance under aseptic conditions, then the tissue block of the fruiting body strain of the tremella aurantialba prepared in advance is inoculated, dark culture is carried out for about 40 days at 18-22 ℃, hyphae in the culture medium are fully developed, the fruiting body tissue block of the tremella aurantialba expands and is regenerated into young tremella aurantia with the diameter of about 10mm, and then the tremella aurantia seedling is obtained and can be used for being inoculated into a culture bag or placed in a refrigerator for dark storage at 1-4 ℃.
2 cultivation bag production
2.1 formula of culture material of tremella aurantialba culture bag:
58.9 percent of cottonseed hull, 25 percent of mixed wood dust, 15 percent of soybean meal, 1 percent of gypsum powder and KH2PO40.1%, water content 65%, natural pH.
2.2 the preparation method of the culture material of the golden fungus culture bag comprises the following steps:
firstly, taking a wood chip sample for water content measurement, calculating the actual wood chip amount, the component amount and the water addition amount according to the wood chip water content measurement result, the 65% prepared water content and the bagging amount, calculating the actual wood chip amount, the component amount and the water addition amount according to the calculation result, putting the components into a blender, mixing and stirring uniformly for 80min, respectively putting the components into polypropylene bags after the mixing is finished, sealing the bags by using an aluminum buckle or a lantern ring cover, transferring the bags into a sterilization cabinet, sterilizing for 3 hours under damp-heat high pressure (121 ℃), and cooling to below 25 ℃ for later use.
2.3 inoculation and cultivation of Tremella aurantialba culture bags
When the golden fungus cultivation bag is inoculated, the golden fungus seedling manufactured by the method 1.3 is taken out from a direct container, the golden fungus cultivation bag manufactured by the method 2.2 is taken to punch a seed inoculation hole with the size equivalent to that of the golden fungus seedling on the golden fungus cultivation bag, the golden fungus cultivation bag can be a vertical bag or a horizontal bag, 1 to a plurality of seed inoculation holes can be punched on one cultivation bag, the liquid spawns of the stereum hirsutum which is prepared in advance are firstly inoculated in the seed inoculation holes, and then the golden fungus seedling is inoculated in one seed inoculation hole; inoculating a phloem liquid strain and a golden fungus seedling into the golden fungus cultivation bag, sealing the golden fungus cultivation bag with a breathable material, then transferring the golden fungus cultivation bag into a mushroom house, transferring the golden fungus cultivation bag into the mushroom house, transferring the golden fungus cultivation bag out of the mushroom house, culturing for 15 days in the dark at 18-20 ℃, uncovering the sealing material after hyphae germinate and seal gaps of inoculation holes, humidifying (humidity is 95-100%), and controlling CO2And (3) starting illumination (L ED lamp strips) when the concentration is 800ppm, and harvesting when the whole color of the golden fungus sporocarp is bright orange or golden yellow after culturing for 40 days.
2.4, harvesting:
cutting off the ear base along the edge of the fungus bag by using a banana knife.
Example 4 (inoculation method with Container)
1 preparation of Tremella aurantialba seedling
1.1 Tremella aurantialba seedling culture medium formula
78.9% of cottonseed hull, 20% of soybean meal, 1% of gypsum and KH2PO40.1%, water content 65%, natural pH.
1.2 Tremella aurantialba seedling culture medium preparation and subpackaging method
The water content of the cottonseed hulls is default to 5%, the default water content of other raw materials is zero, the using amount of each component and the adding amount of water are calculated according to the preparation water content and the subpackaging amount of 65%, the components are weighed according to the calculation result, are uniformly mixed and stirred, then polypropylene direct containers with the diameter of 15mm and the height of 50mm are subpackaged in the golden fungus seedling direct containers with openings at two ends and holes at the periphery, the charging height is 40-45mm, the golden fungus seedlings direct containers filled with culture media are loaded into an outer container, one outer container is loaded into 1 to a plurality of golden fungus seedling direct containers, the outer container is sealed by a ventilating cover or a membrane, and the golden fungus seedlings are sterilized for 3 hours under the high temperature and the humidity (121 ℃) and cooled to 25 ℃ for later use.
1.3 inoculation and culture of Tremella Aurantialba seedlings
The culture medium prepared by the method 1.2 is inoculated with a liquid strain of the stereum hirsutum prepared in advance under aseptic conditions, then the tissue block of the fruiting body strain of the tremella aurantialba prepared in advance is inoculated, dark culture is carried out for about 40 days at 18-22 ℃, hyphae in the culture medium are fully developed, the fruiting body tissue block of the tremella aurantialba expands and is regenerated into young tremella aurantia with the diameter of about 10mm, and then the tremella aurantia seedling is obtained and can be used for being inoculated into a culture bag or placed in a refrigerator for dark storage at 1-4 ℃.
2 cultivation bag production
2.1 formula of culture material of tremella aurantialba culture bag:
58.9 percent of cottonseed hull, 25 percent of mixed wood dust, 15 percent of soybean meal, 1 percent of gypsum powder and KH2PO40.1%, water content 65%, natural pH.
2.2 the preparation method of the culture material of the golden fungus culture bag comprises the following steps:
firstly, taking a wood chip sample for water content measurement, calculating the actual wood chip amount, the component amount and the water addition amount according to the wood chip water content measurement result, the 65% prepared water content and the bagging amount, calculating the actual wood chip amount, the component amount and the water addition amount according to the calculation result, putting the components into a blender, mixing and stirring uniformly for 80min, respectively putting the components into polypropylene bags after the mixing is finished, sealing the bags by using an aluminum buckle or a lantern ring cover, transferring the bags into a sterilization cabinet, sterilizing for 3 hours under damp-heat high pressure (121 ℃), and cooling to below 25 ℃ for later use.
2.3 inoculation and cultivation of Tremella aurantialba culture bags
When the golden fungus cultivation bag is inoculated, the golden fungus seedling with the direct container, which is manufactured by the method of 1.3, is taken out from the outer container, the golden fungus cultivation bag manufactured by the method of 2.2 is taken to punch a seed inoculation hole with the size equivalent to that of the golden fungus seedling with the direct container, the golden fungus cultivation bag can be a vertical bag or a horizontal bag, 1 to a plurality of seed inoculation holes can be punched on one cultivation bag, the liquid spawns of the stereum hirsutum which is prepared in advance are firstly inoculated in the seed inoculation holes, and then the golden fungus seedling with the direct container is inoculated in one seed inoculation hole; inoculating a liquid strain of Stereum hirsutum and a golden fungus seedling with a direct container into a golden fungus cultivation bag, sealing with a breathable material, transferring into a mushroom house, culturing in the dark at 18-20 ℃ for 15 days, uncovering the sealing material after the hyphae germinate to seal gaps of inoculation holes, humidifying (humidity is 95-100%), and controlling CO2And (3) starting illumination (L ED lamp strips) when the concentration is 800ppm, and harvesting when the whole color of the golden fungus sporocarp is bright orange or golden yellow after culturing for 40 days.
2.4, harvesting:
cutting off the ear base along the edge of the fungus bag by using a banana knife.
Effect examples the present invention has been used to guide cultivation of tremella aurantialba in multiple batches, the following table is the results of the implementation:
the success rate in the table is the percentage of fruiting bodies grown after inoculation of the tremella aurantialba seedlings.
Reference documents:
[1] the research on the preparation technology of effective strains of Tianguting, Zhaodan, Zhaoyangchang, Tremella aurantialba [ J ] agricultural academy of southwest, 2010(05): 246-.
[2] A culture medium for golden fungus and its preparing process are disclosed.
[3] Liu Zheng nan, Zheng Shufang, jin Er physiological characteristics and effective excellent strain preparation principle [ J ] edible fungus of China, 1995(05):10-11.
[4] A dual-purpose cultivation method of bag-material golden fungus is disclosed.
[5] Chua Shuangwei, Shiximin, Dingzhimin, et al.
[6] Wang Guanbin is a preparation method of an effective tremella aurantialba strain.
[7] Yangdian, Chenjinghua, a bagged cultivation method of Tremella aurantialba.
Claims (15)
1. A golden fungus cultivation method using golden fungus seedlings for inoculation comprises the step of inoculating cultivation bags with the golden fungus seedlings, and is characterized in that: the culture which is full of hypha and has established parasitic relationship and grows small golden fungus, namely golden fungus seedlings, is used as an inoculation material of the cultivation bag.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of producing a seedling of Tremella aurantialba, wherein optionally a liquid species of Stereum hirsutum is used as a starter aid.
3. The Tremella aurantialba cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Tremella aurantialba seedlings with or without a container are inoculated into the cultivation bag.
4. A Tremella aurantialba cultivation method as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the cultivation bag is inoculated with the seedlings of Tremella aurantialba, optionally using a liquid species of Stereum hirsutum as a starter aid.
5. A Tremella aurantialba cultivation method as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein after the cultivation bag is inoculated with the Tremella aurantialba seedlings, the mycelium part of the Tremella aurantialba seedlings directly grows, and the culture medium in the cultivation bag is decomposed to supply nutrients for the Tremella aurantialba on the cultivation bag, so that the Tremella aurantialba continues to grow into the Tremella aurantialba fruiting body product.
6. The method of cultivating Tremella aurantialba as claimed in claim 2, wherein the preparation of Tremella aurantialba seedlings comprises preparation of culture medium for Tremella aurantialba seedlings, selection of culture container, and inoculation and culture of Tremella aurantialba seedlings.
7. The Tremella aurantialba cultivation method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the cultivation container comprises a direct container and an outer container.
8. A Tremella aurantialba cultivation method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the Tremella aurantialba seedling direct container is a small container (preferably 5-50mm in diameter and 10-200mm in height) made of a material selected from plastic, glass, metal and wood (preferably plastic).
9. A Tremella aurantialba cultivation method as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein said direct container is a tubular container with holes or slits on its periphery, one end open or two ends open, and said blind hole is a tubular container with one end open.
10. A Tremella aurantialba cultivation method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the outer container of Tremella aurantialba seedlings is cylindrical or box-shaped container, and one outer container contains 1 to more direct containers of Tremella aurantialba seedlings, and the material is selected from plastic, glass, metal, wood or their combination.
11. A Tremella aurantialba cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation bag inoculation of the seedlings of Tremella aurantialba includes a direct inoculation without a container, an inoculation without a container aid, a direct inoculation with a container or an inoculation with a container aid.
12. A method of cultivating a golden fungus according to claim 11, wherein the direct inoculation without a container comprises culturing a golden fungus seedling in a direct container using a golden fungus seedling having no holes around the golden fungus seedling, taking the golden fungus seedling out of the direct container during inoculation, and placing a golden fungus seedling in an inoculation hole of the golden fungus cultivation bag.
13. A Tremella aurantialba cultivation method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the container-less assisted inoculation method comprises culturing Tremella aurantialba seedlings in a direct container without holes on the periphery, taking the Tremella aurantialba seedlings out of the direct container during inoculation, inoculating a liquid strain of Coriolus hirsutus in the inoculation hole of the cultivation bag, inoculating the Tremella aurantialba seedlings, and inoculating one Tremella aurantialba seedling in one inoculation hole.
14. A Tremella aurantialba cultivation method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the direct inoculation method with container comprises cultivating the seedlings of Tremella aurantialba with holes on the periphery in direct container, inoculating the seedlings of Tremella aurantialba together with direct container into cultivation bag, and placing one seedling of Tremella aurantialba with container into one inoculation hole of cultivation bag.
15. A Tremella aurantialba cultivation method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the container assisted inoculation method comprises the steps of using a Tremella aurantialba seedling with holes on the periphery to directly container-cultivate the Tremella aurantialba seedling, inoculating the Tremella aurantialba seedling and the direct container into the cultivation bag during inoculation, inoculating a Coriolus hirsutus liquid strain into the inoculation hole of the cultivation bag, then inoculating the Tremella aurantialba seedling with containers, and inoculating the Tremella aurantialba seedling with containers into one inoculation hole.
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| CN112205242A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-01-12 | 中华全国供销合作总社昆明食用菌研究所 | Golden fungus liquid strain inoculating and cultivating method |
| CN114634880A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-06-17 | 云南菌视界生物科技有限公司 | Culture medium for inducing spore germination of tremella aurantialba and preparation and culture methods thereof |
| CN115039639A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-09-13 | 云南菌视界生物科技有限公司 | Tremella liquid strain short-period production method and application of tremella liquid strain |
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