CN111380057A - Small-size domestic waste catalytic pyrolysis processing system - Google Patents

Small-size domestic waste catalytic pyrolysis processing system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111380057A
CN111380057A CN202010165403.7A CN202010165403A CN111380057A CN 111380057 A CN111380057 A CN 111380057A CN 202010165403 A CN202010165403 A CN 202010165403A CN 111380057 A CN111380057 A CN 111380057A
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China
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flue gas
tar
garbage
household garbage
closed
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邱亚群
黄凤莲
李二平
田石强
漆燕
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HUNAN RESEARCH ACADEMY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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HUNAN RESEARCH ACADEMY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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Publication of CN111380057A publication Critical patent/CN111380057A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/602—Oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/302—Treating pyrosolids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/60—Separating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/103—Combustion in two or more stages in separate chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/50—Intercepting solids by cleaning fluids (washers or scrubbers)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system, which comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a secondary combustion chamber, a flue gas quenching and deacidifying device, a lime powder adding device, a closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device, a high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device and a chimney which are sequentially communicated. According to the invention, according to the characteristics of large porosity of the household garbage, catalytic pyrolysis gasification of the household garbage by carbonation reaction of CaO and the like, effective combination of screening, drying and flue gas tar interception of the household garbage is realized by utilizing the closed household garbage screening and the flue gas tar interception device, the problem of blockage of the follow-up treatment system by the tar in the flue gas is effectively solved, the operation stability of the system is improved, the heat value of the household garbage, the temperature of the follow-up pyrolysis reaction of the household garbage and the hydrogen production efficiency are improved, the content of pollutants such as tar, dioxin and the like in the flue gas is effectively reduced, and the environmental benefit is remarkable.

Description

Small-size domestic waste catalytic pyrolysis processing system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system.
Background
In recent years, with increasing demand for nearby treatment of domestic garbage in remote areas with long transportation distance and high transportation risk, such as remote medium and small towns, natural conservation areas and the like, the domestic garbage pyrolysis gasification technology in China has developed to a certain extent, and is gradually replacing the original technologies of sanitary landfill, composting, garbage incineration, power generation and the like. However, from the practical operation of domestic garbage pyrolysis and gasification treatment engineering in China, the following problems still exist: the single equipment for pyrolysis and gasification treatment of the household garbage has small treatment scale and relatively low combustible gas yield, and the temperature of subsequent pyrolysis and gasification reaction of part of garbage pyrolysis and gasification treatment facilities is lower (lower than 850 ℃) due to the fact that inorganic components in the garbage are not screened, so that the tar content and the treatment difficulty in the pyrolysis and gasification smoke of the household garbage are increased; in part of projects for treating the pyrolysis and gasification flue gas of the household garbage by adopting a dry method, because tar is not effectively treated, flue gas pipelines and facilities are seriously blocked, the normal operation of the flue gas treatment facilities is influenced, and the environmental risk of flue gas emission is greatly improved.
With the deep implementation of the classification of the household garbage, organic components such as waste paper, waste plastics and the like in the household garbage can be recycled, the organic components in the classified household garbage can be greatly reduced, and the recycling rate of the household garbage can reach more than 35% by the end of 2020. Therefore, the thermal value of the sorted domestic garbage for pyrolysis and gasification treatment is lower, the temperature of the domestic garbage pyrolysis furnace is low, the generation amount and the quality of combustible gas in the domestic garbage pyrolysis process are reduced, the domestic garbage pyrolysis and gasification reaction system enters vicious circle, and finally the pyrolysis and gasification facility cannot normally operate due to the thermal value of the domestic garbage, and even stops operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small household garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system aiming at the problems of reduction of the heat value of household garbage caused by deep implementation of a household garbage classification scheme and the phenomenon that most household garbage pyrolysis gasification treatment facilities cannot stably operate due to the problems of low combustible gas yield, low pyrolysis gasification reaction temperature, high smoke tar yield, difficulty in treatment and the like of the conventional household garbage pyrolysis gasification.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system comprises a pyrolysis furnace (1), a secondary combustion chamber (3), a flue gas quenching deacidification device (4), a lime powder adding device (5), a closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device (6), a high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device (9) and a chimney (10); a flue gas pipeline (2) of the pyrolysis furnace (1) is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a secondary combustion chamber (3), a flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber (3) is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a flue gas quenching deacidification device (4), a flue gas outlet of the flue gas quenching deacidification device (4) is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a Venturi type activated carbon and lime powder adding device (5), a flue gas outlet of the Venturi type activated carbon and lime powder adding device (5) is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a closed domestic garbage sieve and a flue gas tar intercepting device (6), the flue gas outlet of the closed domestic garbage sieve and the flue gas tar intercepting device (6) is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device (9), and the flue gas outlet of the high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device (9) is communicated with a chimney (10); the device is characterized in that a household garbage feeding hole (15) is formed in one end, far away from the smoke inlet, of the closed household garbage screening and smoke tar intercepting device (6), a household garbage discharging hole (13) is formed in one end, close to the smoke inlet, of the closed household garbage screening and smoke tar intercepting device (6), and the household garbage discharging hole (13) is communicated with a feeding hole (14) of the pyrolysis furnace (1).
Preferably, the inner cavity of the closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device (6) is provided with a pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral domestic garbage screening and conveying device (7); the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device (7) is provided with sieve holes on a pipeline close to a household garbage feeding hole (15), the outside of the pipeline provided with the sieve holes is sleeved with an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8), and an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve outlet (16) is formed in the bottom of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8).
Preferably, the sections of the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral domestic garbage screening and conveying device (7) are circular; the cross section of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8) is U-shaped.
Preferably, the small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system further comprises an alkaline solution pool (11), the upper part of the flue gas quenching and acid removing device (4) is provided with a spray nozzle (12), and the alkaline solution pool (11) is communicated with the spray nozzle (12).
Preferably, the Venturi type activated carbon and lime powder adding device (5) is characterized in that a feed inlet is formed in the neck pipe of the Venturi, and annular alkali liquor spraying holes are formed in the diffusion pipe.
Preferably, the flue gas pipeline (2) of the pyrolysis furnace (1) is arranged at the middle lower part of the pyrolysis furnace (1).
The invention will be further explained with reference to the design and operating principles below:
the small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system is provided with the closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device, a pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral domestic garbage screening and conveying device is arranged in the closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device, a garbage feeding section is provided with a sieve pore, and a discharging section is not provided with the sieve pore, so that tar, active carbon and lime powder in flue gas can be effectively intercepted, and the calorific value of the domestic garbage and the generation rate of combustible gas of subsequent pyrolysis and gasification are improved; a closed sleeve is sleeved outside a sieve pore section of the shaftless spiral, and an undersize disinfection collection hopper is arranged on the inner wall of the garbage feeding end, so that the undersize of the domestic garbage is subjected to high-temperature sterilization treatment and is discharged; that is, the domestic garbage enters the front section of the shaftless screw conveyor with sieve holes on the pipe wall from the outlet of the feed hopper, inorganic particles in the domestic garbage fall into the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve through the sieve holes, and the rest domestic garbage enters the pyrolysis furnace through the rear section of the screw conveyor with no sieve holes on the pipe wall; after the undersize object sterilization closed sleeve completes the function of sterilizing the undersize object at high temperature, the undersize object is scraped out from the outlet of the undersize object sterilization closed sleeve; flue gas enters the pipeline type sectional shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device from the flue gas inlet, high-temperature flue gas and household garbage move in opposite directions in the pipeline type sectional shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device, and the flue gas and the household garbage are in reverse contact and then enter the high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device from the flue gas outlet.
In the process of conveying household garbage in the closed type household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device, components (mainly inorganic matters) with small particle sizes in the garbage are transferred into the closed sleeve through the porous section of the shaftless rolling screen, high-temperature tail gas (the temperature is about 300 ℃) is in direct contact with undersize objects, the undersize objects can be heated to about 200 ℃ to effectively finish high-temperature sterilization and disinfection of the undersize objects of the household garbage, and the sterilized undersize objects are discharged through the undersize object collecting hopper at the feeding end. The components (mainly organic matters) which can not pass through the sieve pores of the shaftless rolling sieve are pushed forwards along with the rolling sieve spiral, and the household garbage can be heated to about 250 ℃ through direct reverse contact with hot flue gas (the residence time of the household garbage is kept at 20 minutes), so that the drying of the household garbage in the device is basically finished. Tar, activated carbon, lime powder and the like in the hot flue gas are effectively intercepted by the household garbage, wherein the tar and the activated carbon improve the heat value of the household garbage, simultaneously the content of the tar and dioxin in the subsequent flue gas is greatly reduced, the problem of blockage of the tar on a pipeline and a flue gas treatment facility is effectively solved, and the stability of system operation is improved; in addition, the intercepted lime powder and the limeThe living garbage enters a subsequent pyrolysis gasification procedure together and is subjected to the carbonation reaction of CaO (absorbing CO in the reaction process)2) Of catalysis H2And the generation of combustible gas increases the heat value of the combustible gas and the pyrolysis gasification reaction temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) effectively intercept tar and improve the stability of system operation. The characteristic that the porosity of the household garbage is large is utilized, the flue gas interception and purification system taking the household garbage as a medium is constructed, the high-efficiency interception of tar is realized in the closed device, the tar entering a follow-up flue gas system is reduced, the fault rate of a pipeline and a flue gas treatment facility caused by blockage is reduced, and the stable operation of the household garbage pyrolysis system is ensured.
(2) High-efficiency catalysis, and high pyrolysis and gasification reaction temperature. By utilizing the carbonation reaction of CaO, CO generated in the process of pyrolysis gasification reaction2Effective absorption is carried out, and H of pyrolysis gasification of household garbage is improved to a certain extent2The yield and the quality of the fuel gas, the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel gas is improved, the temperature of the pyrolysis gasification reaction is further increased (more than 850 ℃), and the effective decomposition of pollutants such as dioxin, tar and the like is promoted.
(3) The integrated closed screening and disinfection has obvious garbage treatment efficiency and environmental benefit. The sealed combined device is adopted to effectively separate the components with small and medium particle sizes, so that the amount of the household garbage is reduced, the relative heat value of the household garbage participating in the pyrolysis gasification reaction is improved, and the treatment efficiency of the household garbage is improved; in addition, the high-temperature flue gas is used for directly and thoroughly disinfecting the undersize objects in a closed environment, so that the influence of malodorous gas on the environment is avoided, and the environmental benefit is remarkable.
In a word, the small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system provided by the invention utilizes the characteristics of large porosity of the domestic garbage, carbonation reaction of CaO, catalytic domestic garbage pyrolysis gasification and the like, realizes effective combination of screening, drying and flue gas tar interception of the domestic garbage through the closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar interception device, effectively solves the problem that the tar in the flue gas blocks a subsequent treatment system, improves the operation stability of the system, simultaneously improves the heat value of the domestic garbage, the subsequent domestic garbage pyrolysis reaction temperature and the hydrogen production efficiency, effectively reduces the content of pollutants such as tar, dioxin and the like in the flue gas, and has obvious environmental benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the closed domestic garbage screening and smoke tar intercepting device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a pyrolysis furnace, 2, a pyrolysis furnace flue gas pipeline, 3, a secondary combustion chamber, 4, a flue gas quenching deacidification device, 5, a Venturi type activated carbon and lime powder adding device, 6, a closed household garbage sieving and flue gas tar intercepting device, 7, a pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage sieving and conveying device, 8, an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve, 9, a high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device, 10, a chimney, 11, an alkali liquor pool, 12, a spray nozzle, 13, a household garbage discharge port, 14, a feed inlet, 15, a household garbage feed inlet, 16 and an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve outlet.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system comprises a pyrolysis furnace 1, a secondary combustion chamber 3, a flue gas quenching and deacidifying device 4, a lime powder adding device 5, a closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device 6, a high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device 9 and a chimney 10; the flue gas pipeline 2 of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a secondary combustion chamber 3, a flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber 3 is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a flue gas quenching deacidification device 4, a flue gas outlet of the flue gas quenching deacidification device 4 is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a Venturi type active carbon and lime powder adding device 5, a flue gas outlet of the Venturi type active carbon and lime powder adding device 5 is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a closed domestic garbage sieve and flue gas tar intercepting device 6, a flue gas outlet of the closed domestic garbage sieve and flue gas tar intercepting device 6 is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dust removal and dehumidification device 9, and a flue gas outlet of the high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dust removal and dehumidification device 9 is communicated with a chimney 10; the closed household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device 6 is provided with a household garbage feeding hole 15 at one end far away from the flue gas inlet, a household garbage discharging hole 13 at one end close to the flue gas inlet, and the household garbage discharging hole 13 is communicated with a feeding hole 14 of the pyrolysis furnace 1.
Wherein, the inner cavity of the closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device 6 is provided with a pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral domestic garbage screening and conveying device 7; the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device 7 is provided with sieve holes on the pipeline close to the household garbage feeding hole 15, the outside of the pipeline provided with the sieve holes is sleeved with the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve 8, and the bottom of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve 8 is provided with an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve outlet 16. The section of the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral domestic garbage screening and conveying device 7 is circular; the cross section of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve 8 is U-shaped. The small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system further comprises an alkali liquor pool 11, the upper part of the flue gas quenching and deacidification device 4 is provided with a spray nozzle 12, and the alkali liquor pool 11 is communicated with the spray nozzle 12. The Venturi type active carbon and lime powder adding device 5 is characterized in that a feed inlet is formed in the neck of a Venturi, and an annular alkali liquor spraying hole is formed in the diffusion pipe. And the flue gas pipeline 2 of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is arranged at the middle lower part of the pyrolysis furnace 1.
The small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system makes full use of the characteristics of large porosity of domestic garbage, carbonation reaction of CaO, catalytic pyrolysis and gasification of domestic garbage and the like, so that the treatment efficiency of the system is improved by about 25%, and the problem that tar blocks a flue gas pipeline and a treatment facility is solved.

Claims (6)

1. A small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system is characterized by comprising a pyrolysis furnace (1), a secondary combustion chamber (3), a flue gas quenching deacidification device (4), a lime powder adding device (5), a closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device (6), a high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device (9) and a chimney (10); a flue gas pipeline (2) of the pyrolysis furnace (1) is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a secondary combustion chamber (3), a flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber (3) is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a flue gas quenching deacidification device (4), a flue gas outlet of the flue gas quenching deacidification device (4) is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a Venturi type activated carbon and lime powder adding device (5), a flue gas outlet of the Venturi type activated carbon and lime powder adding device (5) is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a closed domestic garbage sieve and a flue gas tar intercepting device (6), the flue gas outlet of the closed domestic garbage sieve and the flue gas tar intercepting device (6) is communicated with a flue gas inlet of a high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device (9), and the flue gas outlet of the high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device (9) is communicated with a chimney (10); the device is characterized in that a household garbage feeding hole (15) is formed in one end, far away from the smoke inlet, of the closed household garbage screening and smoke tar intercepting device (6), a household garbage discharging hole (13) is formed in one end, close to the smoke inlet, of the closed household garbage screening and smoke tar intercepting device (6), and the household garbage discharging hole (13) is communicated with a feeding hole (14) of the pyrolysis furnace (1).
2. The small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the inner cavity of the closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device (6) is provided with a pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral domestic garbage screening and conveying device (7); the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device (7) is provided with sieve holes on a pipeline close to a household garbage feeding hole (15), the outside of the pipeline provided with the sieve holes is sleeved with an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8), and an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve outlet (16) is formed in the bottom of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8).
3. The small-sized domestic waste catalytic pyrolysis treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the cross section of the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral domestic waste screening and conveying device (7) is circular; the cross section of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8) is U-shaped.
4. The small-sized domestic garbage catalytic pyrolysis treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising an alkali liquor pool (11), wherein the upper part of the flue gas quenching and deacidification device (4) is provided with a spray opening (12), and the alkali liquor pool (11) is communicated with the spray opening (12).
5. The small-sized domestic waste catalytic pyrolysis treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the venturi-type activated carbon and lime powder adding device (5) is provided with a feed inlet at a neck of a venturi and an annular alkali liquor spraying hole at a diffusion pipe.
6. The small-sized domestic waste catalytic pyrolysis treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas duct (2) of the pyrolysis furnace (1) is provided at a middle lower portion of the pyrolysis furnace (1).
CN202010165403.7A 2020-03-11 2020-03-11 Small-size domestic waste catalytic pyrolysis processing system Pending CN111380057A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN202010165403.7A CN111380057A (en) 2020-03-11 2020-03-11 Small-size domestic waste catalytic pyrolysis processing system

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010165403.7A CN111380057A (en) 2020-03-11 2020-03-11 Small-size domestic waste catalytic pyrolysis processing system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111380057A true CN111380057A (en) 2020-07-07

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Country Link
CN (1) CN111380057A (en)

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