CN212293422U

CN212293422U - Household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device

Info

Publication number: CN212293422U
Application number: CN202020293182.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邱亚群; 黄凤莲; 田石强; 李二平; 余志元
Original assignee: HUNAN RESEARCH ACADEMY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: HUNAN RESEARCH ACADEMY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Priority date: 2020-03-11
Filing date: 2020-03-11
Publication date: 2021-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a domestic garbage sieving and flue gas tar intercepting device, which is provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, wherein the end of the domestic garbage sieving and flue gas tar intercepting device, which is far away from the flue gas inlet, is provided with a domestic garbage feeding hole, and the end, which is close to the flue gas inlet, is provided with a domestic garbage discharging hole; the inner cavities of the household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting devices are provided with pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying devices; the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device is characterized in that sieve holes are formed in a pipeline close to a household garbage feeding hole, an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the pipeline with the sieve holes, and an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve outlet is formed in the bottom of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve.

Description

Household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a domestic waste sieve divides and flue gas tar intercepting device.

Background

In recent years, with increasing demand for nearby treatment of domestic garbage in remote areas with long transportation distance and high transportation risk, such as remote medium and small towns, natural conservation areas and the like, the domestic garbage pyrolysis gasification technology in China has developed to a certain extent, and is gradually replacing the original technologies of sanitary landfill, composting, garbage incineration, power generation and the like. However, from the practical operation of domestic garbage pyrolysis and gasification treatment engineering in China, the following problems still exist: the single equipment for pyrolysis and gasification treatment of the household garbage has small treatment scale and relatively low combustible gas yield, and the temperature of subsequent pyrolysis and gasification reaction of part of garbage pyrolysis and gasification treatment facilities is lower (lower than 850 ℃) due to the fact that inorganic components in the garbage are not screened, so that the tar content and the treatment difficulty in the pyrolysis and gasification smoke of the household garbage are increased; in part of projects for treating the pyrolysis and gasification flue gas of the household garbage by adopting a dry method, because tar is not effectively treated, flue gas pipelines and facilities are seriously blocked, the normal operation of the flue gas treatment facilities is influenced, and the environmental risk of flue gas emission is greatly improved.

With the deep implementation of the classification of the household garbage, organic components such as waste paper, waste plastics and the like in the household garbage can be recycled, the organic components in the classified household garbage can be greatly reduced, and the recycling rate of the household garbage can reach more than 35% by the end of 2020. Therefore, the thermal value of the sorted domestic garbage for pyrolysis and gasification treatment is lower, the temperature of the domestic garbage pyrolysis furnace is low, the generation amount and the quality of combustible gas in the domestic garbage pyrolysis process are reduced, the domestic garbage pyrolysis and gasification reaction system enters vicious circle, and finally the pyrolysis and gasification facility cannot normally operate due to the thermal value of the domestic garbage, and even stops operation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses aim at to the deep domestic waste calorific value that brings of implementing of domestic waste classification scheme reduce problem and current domestic waste pyrolysis gasification combustible gas productivity low, pyrolysis gasification reaction temperature is low, the big and difficult processing scheduling problem of flue gas tar output leads to the phenomenon that most domestic waste pyrolysis gasification treatment facility can not the steady operation, provide a domestic waste sieve and flue gas tar intercepting device.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a technical scheme does:

the household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device is provided with a flue gas inlet (16) and a flue gas outlet (17), one end of the household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device, which is far away from the flue gas inlet, is provided with a household garbage feeding hole (15), and one end of the household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device, which is close to the flue gas inlet, is provided with a household garbage discharging hole (13); the inner cavities of the household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting devices are provided with pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying devices (7); the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device (7) is provided with sieve holes on a pipeline close to a household garbage feeding hole (15), the outside of the pipeline provided with the sieve holes is sleeved with an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8), and an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve outlet (18) is formed in the bottom of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8).

Preferably, the sections of the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral domestic garbage screening and conveying device (7) are circular; the cross section of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8) is U-shaped.

The utility model is further explained by combining the design and the working principle as follows:

the closed domestic garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device is internally provided with a pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral domestic garbage screening and conveying device, the garbage feeding section is provided with sieve pores, and the discharging section is not provided with sieve pores, so that tar, active carbon and lime powder in flue gas can be effectively intercepted, and the heat value of the domestic garbage and the generation rate of combustible gas of subsequent pyrolysis gasification are improved; a closed sleeve is sleeved outside a sieve pore section of the shaftless spiral, and an undersize disinfection collection hopper is arranged on the inner wall of the garbage feeding end, so that the undersize of the domestic garbage is subjected to high-temperature sterilization treatment and is discharged; that is, the domestic garbage enters the front section of the shaftless screw conveyor with sieve holes on the pipe wall from the outlet of the feed hopper, inorganic particles in the domestic garbage fall into the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve through the sieve holes, and the rest domestic garbage enters the pyrolysis furnace through the rear section of the screw conveyor with no sieve holes on the pipe wall; after the undersize object sterilization closed sleeve completes the function of sterilizing the undersize object at high temperature, the undersize object is scraped out from the outlet of the undersize object sterilization closed sleeve; flue gas enters the pipeline type sectional shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device from the flue gas inlet, high-temperature flue gas and household garbage move in opposite directions in the pipeline type sectional shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device, and the flue gas and the household garbage are in reverse contact and then enter the high-voltage electrostatic deacidification, dedusting and dehumidification device from the flue gas outlet.

In the process of conveying household garbage in the closed type household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device, components (mainly inorganic matters) with small particle sizes in the garbage are transferred into the closed sleeve through the porous section of the shaftless rolling screen, high-temperature tail gas (the temperature is about 300 ℃) is in direct contact with undersize objects, the undersize objects can be heated to about 200 ℃ to effectively finish high-temperature sterilization and disinfection of the undersize objects of the household garbage, and the sterilized undersize objects are discharged through the undersize object collecting hopper at the feeding end. The components (mainly organic matters) which can not pass through the sieve pores of the shaftless rolling sieve are pushed forwards along with the rolling sieve spiral, and the household garbage can be heated to about 250 ℃ through direct reverse contact with hot flue gas (the residence time of the household garbage is kept at 20 minutes), so that the drying of the household garbage in the device is basically finished. Tar, active carbon, lime powder and the like in the hot smoke are effectively intercepted by the household garbage, wherein the tar and the active carbon improve the heat value of the household garbage, and simultaneouslyThe content of tar and dioxin in the subsequent flue gas is greatly reduced, the problem of blockage of the tar on a pipeline and a flue gas treatment facility is effectively solved, and the stability of system operation is improved; in addition, the intercepted lime powder and the household garbage enter a subsequent pyrolysis gasification process together, and are subjected to carbonation reaction of CaO (CO in the absorption reaction process)₂) Of catalysis H₂And the generation of combustible gas increases the heat value of the combustible gas and the pyrolysis gasification reaction temperature.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

(1) effectively intercept tar and improve the stability of system operation. The characteristic that the porosity of domestic waste is large is utilized, the flue gas interception and purification system using the domestic waste as a medium is constructed, tar is efficiently intercepted in the device, tar entering a follow-up flue gas system is reduced, the fault rate of a pipeline and a flue gas treatment facility caused by blockage is reduced, and the stable operation of a domestic waste pyrolysis system is guaranteed.

(2) High-efficiency catalysis, and high pyrolysis and gasification reaction temperature. By utilizing the carbonation reaction of CaO, CO generated in the process of pyrolysis gasification reaction₂Effective absorption is carried out, and H of pyrolysis gasification of household garbage is improved to a certain extent₂The yield and the quality of the fuel gas, the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel gas is improved, the temperature of the pyrolysis gasification reaction is further increased (more than 850 ℃), and the effective decomposition of pollutants such as dioxin, tar and the like is promoted.

(3) The integrated closed screening and disinfection has obvious garbage treatment efficiency and environmental benefit. The sealed combined device is adopted to effectively separate the components with small and medium particle sizes, so that the amount of the household garbage is reduced, the relative heat value of the household garbage participating in the pyrolysis gasification reaction is improved, and the treatment efficiency of the household garbage is improved; in addition, the high-temperature flue gas is used for directly and thoroughly disinfecting the undersize objects in a closed environment, so that the influence of malodorous gas on the environment is avoided, and the environmental benefit is remarkable.

In a word, the utility model discloses utilize domestic waste porosity big, characteristics such as CaO's carbonation reaction catalysis domestic waste pyrolysis gasification, design domestic waste sieve and flue gas tar intercepting device, realize the effective combination of domestic waste's screening, drying and flue gas tar interception, tar is to follow-up processing system jam problem in the effective solution flue gas, has improved domestic waste's calorific value and follow-up domestic waste pyrolytic reaction temperature and hydrogen production efficiency simultaneously, effectively reduced in the flue gas pollutants content such as tar, dioxin, the environmental benefit is showing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the domestic garbage screening and smoke tar intercepting device of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view of the domestic garbage screening and smoke tar intercepting device of the utility model.

In the figure: 7. the device comprises a pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device, 8, an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve, 13, a household garbage discharge port, 15, a household garbage feed port, 16 and a flue gas inlet; 17. a flue gas outlet; 18. sterilizing the undersize and sealing the outlet of the sleeve.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the domestic garbage sieving and flue gas tar intercepting device is provided with a flue gas inlet 16 and a flue gas outlet 17, one end of the domestic garbage sieving and flue gas tar intercepting device, which is far away from the flue gas inlet, is provided with a domestic garbage feeding hole 15, and one end of the domestic garbage sieving and flue gas tar intercepting device, which is close to the flue gas inlet, is provided with a domestic garbage discharging hole 13; the inner cavities of the household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting devices are provided with a pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device 7; the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device 7 is provided with sieve holes on the pipeline close to the household garbage feeding hole 15, the outside of the pipeline provided with the sieve holes is sleeved with the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve 8, and the bottom of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve 8 is provided with an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve outlet 18.

Preferably, the sections of the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral domestic garbage screening and conveying device 7 are circular; the cross section of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve 8 is U-shaped.

Claims

1. The device for intercepting the household garbage sieve and the smoke tar is characterized in that the device for intercepting the household garbage sieve and the smoke tar is provided with a smoke inlet (16) and a smoke outlet (17), one end, far away from the smoke inlet, of the device for intercepting the household garbage sieve and the smoke tar is provided with a household garbage feeding hole (15), and one end, close to the smoke inlet, of the device for intercepting the household garbage sieve and the smoke tar is provided with a household garbage discharging hole (13); the inner cavities of the household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting devices are provided with pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying devices (7); the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device (7) is provided with sieve holes on a pipeline close to a household garbage feeding hole (15), the outside of the pipeline provided with the sieve holes is sleeved with an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8), and an undersize sterilizing closed sleeve outlet (18) is formed in the bottom of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8).

2. The household garbage screening and flue gas tar intercepting device according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the pipeline type segmented shaftless spiral household garbage screening and conveying device (7) is circular; the cross section of the undersize sterilizing closed sleeve (8) is U-shaped.