CN111377693A - Method for using modified mine waste soil material for preventing scouring of slope surface of refuse dump - Google Patents
Method for using modified mine waste soil material for preventing scouring of slope surface of refuse dump Download PDFInfo
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- CN111377693A CN111377693A CN202010359609.3A CN202010359609A CN111377693A CN 111377693 A CN111377693 A CN 111377693A CN 202010359609 A CN202010359609 A CN 202010359609A CN 111377693 A CN111377693 A CN 111377693A
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- Prior art keywords
- slope surface
- soil
- fly ash
- dump
- modified
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
- E02D2300/0023—Slurry
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0037—Clays
- E02D2300/0039—Clays mixed with additives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0045—Composites
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preventing the scouring of the slope surface of a dump by using modified mine waste soil. Sieving part of solid waste produced in the mining process, and pouring the obtained coarse-grained soil material on a final discharge slope surface to form a drainage anti-slip cushion layer; mixing flyash, ordinary silicate cement and industrial Na2SO4Adding water, stirring uniformly, adding fine-grained soil materials with good gradation after sieving, adding a high-efficiency polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent after stirring into uniformly mixed slurry, adding artificial organic fibers, and stirring to obtain the modified soil materials. And spraying the modified material onto the drainage skid-resistant cushion layer on the final discharge slope surface by using a high-speed spraying machine. The invention forms a three-dimensional anti-scouring structure on the final discharge slope surface of the refuse dump, and has the advantages of low cost, easy raw material taking, comprehensive utilization of industrial wastes and environmental friendlinessFriendly and the like, and the method has practical value for the erosion prevention of the slope surface of the refuse dump and the environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of scour prevention of a dump side slope, in particular to a method for using modified mine waste soil materials for scour prevention of a dump slope.
Background
The mine refuse dump is a loose artificial accumulation body produced by mining, and has the typical 'artificial' characteristic, the accumulation body formed by refuse disposal operation has the characteristics of loose structure, uneven particles, uneven arrangement, weak connection among the particles and the like, and under the rainfall condition, the accumulation body is subjected to the scouring and erosion action of rainwater to form a gully on the slope surface, thereby influencing the slope stability of the soil body of the refuse dump. The fly ash is one of pollutants generated by a thermal power plant, reaches 6.86 hundred million tons in China only in 2017, shows a trend of increasing year by year, and brings huge pressure to the thermal power plant and the environment. The thermal power plant is generally built near a coal mine, and if the fly ash generated by power generation can be applied to the construction of a mine dump, the occupation of cultivated land can be reduced, the transportation cost can be reduced, and the defect of manual dumping can be overcome. Therefore, a method for modifying the mine waste soil material by using the fly ash to prevent the slope of the dump from being scoured is urgently needed, and the defects of comprehensive utilization of the waste soil material and the fly ash of the dump in the aspect of the application of preventing the slope of the dump from being scoured are overcome.
At present, patents mainly granted or published by using fly ash as a modified material include a preparation method of a phosphogypsum-fly ash composite gelled material (CN 107445498B), gangue bottom slag, a fly ash compound gelled material and a preparation method thereof (CN 106966620B), a side slope reinforcement method (CN 105829612A) by using high-performance sprayed concrete, high-doping-amount activated fly ash modified green concrete and a preparation method thereof (CN 104370505A), a composite modified fly ash and a preparation method thereof (CN 110395930A), a side slope surface guniting curing protection method (CN 104499492A) and the like, although the modification by using fly ash is realized and the application is realized, the methods have the characteristics of higher cost, more complex preparation process, large workload and the like, and are limited in the application in the field of mines. The method has less research in the field of side slope protection of the dump, and mainly granted or disclosed patents comprise a side slope gully prevention and control method (CN 110904980A) of the dump of the open pit coal mine, a side slope soil remediation agent of the open pit mining area and a preparation method (CN 107955613A) thereof, and the like. Therefore, the modified soil material formed by the mine waste soil material and the fly ash is necessary and feasible for the slope surface scour prevention of the refuse dump.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the current situation of a mine refuse dump, the invention provides a method for modifying refuse fine-grained soil materials in the refuse dump by using solid waste fly ash generated by a thermal power plant and applying the modified refuse to the slope surface of the refuse dump for scour prevention. The application of the fly ash in the building is more, but the modification and the application of the fly ash to the soil material of the mine dump are not reported, and the method effectively solves the scouring effect of rainfall on the final dump slope surface of the dump.
The invention has the innovation that the waste soil material of the waste dump is modified by utilizing the industrial solid waste fly ash, and then the common Portland cement and the industrial Na are combined2SO4The modified material is formed by industrial dispersant and a small amount of artificial organic fiber, and is also applied to the method for preventing the slope of the refuse dump from scouring.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific implementation steps and the method of the invention are as follows:
and (3) screening the waste soil generated by mining by using a sieve of 10-50 mm, and naturally dumping coarse-grained soil with the grain size larger than or equal to the sieve diameter along the top end of the side slope to form a drainage anti-skid cushion layer with the thickness of 5-10 cm.
The particle size after selection and sieving is smaller than the sieve diameter and simultaneously satisfies CUNot less than 5 and CCAnd (4) fine-grained soil with good 1-3 grades to obtain the material A.
Mixing ordinary portland cement and fly ash uniformly according to the dry mass ratio of (1: 2) - (3: 4), and then adding Na accounting for 5% -10% of the mass of the fly ash2SO4As an activator for the activity of the fly ash, the ratio of water to cement is 0.363: 1-0.394: 1 adding water and stirring to obtain slurry B.
And fully stirring the material A and the slurry B according to dry mass (2: 3) - (3: 1) to obtain a material C.
0.5 to 1.5 percent of dispersant and 0.1 to 1 percent of artificial organic fiber are added into the material C and evenly stirred, thus obtaining the mine waste dump soil material modified material M.
The fly ash is one of solid wastes produced by a thermal power plant, and SiO in chemical components of the fly ash2、Al2O3The activity is low, and the effect of direct use is poor.
The invention fully considers the physical and chemical properties and the water physical properties of the fly ash and the ordinary portland cement, and the ordinary portland cement generates Ca (OH) after hydration2Is mixed with fly ash activity excitant Na2SO4NaOH is generated to make the slurry in an alkaline environment which can destroy SiO in the fly ash2、Al2O3The chemical bond between the fly ash and the fly ash generates active chemical bond, thereby exciting the activity of the fly ash.
The fine-grained soil is added into the fly ash mixed slurry after the activation for modification, and the formed material has strong structural property and scouring resistance after being solidified.
And spraying the modified material onto the drainage skid-resistant cushion layer by using a spraying machine, wherein the thickness of the spraying layer is 5-10 cm.
The dispersant used in the invention is high-efficiency polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder, and mainly has the main effects of reducing the water content of the slurry, improving the adhesion of the slurry on the slope surface and simultaneously reducing the adverse effect of overlarge water content on the slope surface of the slope.
The used artificial organic fiber is polyvinyl alcohol fiber, the fiber has good affinity with common Portland cement and fly ash and high bonding strength, and the anti-scouring capability of the modified material can be improved.
The present invention has several outstanding advantages.
1. The invention uses local materials, selects fly ash which is one of solid wastes generated by a thermal power plant near a coal mine as a modified material, greatly reduces the transportation cost, and creates economic benefit for enterprises of the thermal power plant.
2. By using industrial Na2SO4The chemical reaction with ordinary portland cement can excite the activity of the fly ash, and the utilization rate of the fly ash is greatly improved.
3. And the fly ash slurry with activated activity is used for modifying the waste fine-grained soil material of the mine waste dump, and is simultaneously applied to the slope surface of the side slope of the waste dump, so that the cost of mine enterprises in the construction and maintenance of the waste dump is greatly reduced.
4. More than 70% of materials used in the method are industrial wastes, and the method for modifying the industrial wastes can greatly reduce the pollution of the industrial wastes to the environment, improve the utilization rate of the industrial wastes, and has important significance for saving resources and protecting the environment.
Detailed Description
The process of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
adding the fly ash and the ordinary portland cement according to the proportion of 25 percent and 30 percent of the total mass of the required materials respectively, and then adding the industrial Na accounting for 5 percent of the mass of the fly ash2SO4Mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the water addition amount to the ash is as follows: 0.363: 1, adding water and uniformly stirring to form slurry B1Fine-grained soil material A with good grain composition after sieving144% by mass of the total mass, is added to the slurry B1In the formation of a slurry C1Then to the slurry C1Adding 1.2% of high-efficiency polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder, uniformly stirring, and finally adding 0.3% of artificial organic fiber to obtain the modified material M of the mine refuse dump soil material1. Dumping the screened coarse-grained soil on a final discharge slope surface to form a drainage anti-skid cushion layer D1The thickness is 6cm, and then the modified material M is added1Spraying to the drainage skid resistant cushion layer D by using a shotcrete machine1So as to form the three-dimensional slope surface scour prevention protection. And (3) carrying out indoor abrasion resistance tests and anti-permeability tests on the solidified modified material according to the Hydraulic concrete test protocol (SL 352-2018).
Example 2:
adding the fly ash and the ordinary portland cement according to the proportion of 30 percent and 25 percent of the total mass of the required materials respectively, and then adding industrial Na accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the fly ash2SO4Mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the water addition amount to the ash is as follows: 0.369: 1, adding water and uniformly stirring to form slurry B2Fine-grained soil material A with good grain composition after sieving244% by mass of the total mass, is added to the slurry B2In the formation of a slurry C2Then to the slurry C2Adding in1.0 percent of high-efficiency polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder is evenly stirred, and finally 0.5 percent of artificial organic fiber is added to obtain the modified material M of the mine dump soil2. Dumping the screened coarse-grained soil on the slope surface to form a drainage anti-skid cushion layer D2The thickness is 7cm, and then the modified material M is added2Spraying to the drainage skid resistant cushion layer D by using a shotcrete machine2So as to form the three-dimensional slope surface scour prevention protection. The abrasion resistance was examined in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 3:
mixing and adding the fly ash and the ordinary portland cement according to the proportion of 35 percent and 20 percent of the total mass of the required materials respectively, and then adding the industrial Na accounting for 8 percent of the mass of the fly ash2SO4Mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the water addition amount to the ash is as follows: 0.374: 1, adding water and uniformly stirring to form slurry B3Fine-grained soil material A with good grain composition after sieving344% by mass of the total mass, is added to the slurry B3In the formation of a slurry C3Then to the slurry C3Adding 1.3 percent of high-efficiency polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder, uniformly stirring, and finally adding 0.7 percent of artificial organic fiber to obtain the modified material M of the mine dump soil material3. Dumping the screened coarse-grained soil on the slope surface to form a drainage anti-skid cushion layer D3The thickness is 8cm, and then the modified material M is added3Spraying to the drainage skid resistant cushion layer D by using a shotcrete machine3So as to form the three-dimensional slope surface scour prevention protection. The abrasion resistance was examined in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 4:
adding the fly ash and the ordinary portland cement according to the proportion of 40 percent and 10 percent of the total mass of the required materials respectively, and then adding the industrial Na accounting for 9 percent of the mass of the fly ash2SO4Mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the water addition amount to the ash is as follows: 0.381: 1, adding water and uniformly stirring to form slurry B4Fine-grained soil material A with good grain composition after sieving449% by mass of the total mass, is added to the slurry B4In the formation of a slurry C4Then to the slurry C4Adding 1.3% of high-efficiency polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent powder, stirring uniformly, and finally adding 1%The modified material M of the mine waste dump soil material can be obtained4. Dumping the screened coarse-grained soil on the slope surface to form a drainage anti-skid cushion layer D4The thickness is 9cm, and then the modified material M is added4Spraying to the drainage skid resistant cushion layer D by using a shotcrete machine4So as to form the three-dimensional slope surface scour prevention protection. The abrasion resistance was examined in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 5:
adding the fly ash and the ordinary portland cement according to the proportion of 40 percent and 15 percent of the total mass of the required materials respectively, and then adding the industrial Na accounting for 10 percent of the mass of the fly ash2SO4Mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the water addition amount to the ash is as follows: 0.361: 1, adding water and uniformly stirring to form slurry B5Fine-grained soil material A with good grain composition after sieving542% by mass of the total mass, is added to the slurry B5In the formation of a slurry C5Then to the slurry C5Adding 0.7% of high-efficiency polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder, uniformly stirring, and finally adding 1% of artificial organic fiber to obtain the modified material M of the mine dump soil material5. Dumping the screened coarse-grained soil on the slope surface to form a drainage anti-skid cushion layer D5The thickness is 9cm, and then the modified material M is added5Spraying to the drainage skid resistant cushion layer D by using a shotcrete machine5So as to form the slope anti-scouring protection. The abrasion resistance was examined in the same manner as in example 1.
The embodiment 1-5 all form the three-dimensional protection structure for preventing the slope surface of the refuse dump from being scoured, have good drainage effect and better abrasion resistance, and are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 modified anti-abrasion performance of soil material in dump
| Numbering | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Abrasion resistance strength/(h/(kg/m)2）） | 6.22 | 6.02 | 5.87 | 5.91 | 5.99 |
| Rate of wear/%) | 4.59 | 4.98 | 5.13 | 5.06 | 5.03 |
Claims (7)
1. A method for using modified mine waste soil materials for preventing scouring of a slope surface of a dump is characterized by comprising the construction of modified slurry, bottom cushion soil materials and a slope surface anti-scouring structure.
2. The modified slurry according to claim 1, wherein the waste earth in the mine part is sieved by a sieve of 10mm to 50mm, and the earth with a particle size smaller than the sieve diameter is taken as fine-grained earth and satisfies the non-uniformity coefficient (C)U) Greater than 5 and coefficient of curvature CC1-3, and modifying the fine-grained soil by adopting common Portland cement, fly ash, an exciting agent, a dispersing agent and artificial organic fibers in different proportions.
3. The modified slurry of claim 1, wherein the fly ash of claim 2 is C-type ash and F-type ash generated from coal burning in a thermal power plant, and the activator is industrial Na2SO4The dispersant is high-efficiency polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder, and the artificial organic fiber is polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
4. The modified slurry of claim 1, prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40-75% of fine-grained soil material, 20-40% of fly ash, 10-30% of ordinary portland cement, 1-4% of excitant, 0.5-1.5% of dispersant, 0.1-1% of artificial organic fiber, and a ratio of water to cement (ordinary portland cement and fly ash) of 0.363: 1-0.394: 1.
5. the modified slurry of claim 1, wherein fly ash, Portland cement and industrial Na are mixed2SO4Adding water, stirring uniformly, adding fine-grained soil, stirring uniformly, adding a water reducing agent, and finally adding artificial organic fibers to obtain modified slurry.
6. The bottom pad layer soil material of claim 1, wherein the waste soil material of the waste soil discharging part is sieved by a sieve with the diameter of 10 mm-50 mm, and coarse soil material with the particle size larger than or equal to the sieve diameter is taken as the bottom pad layer soil material.
7. The construction of the slope anti-scouring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom bedding soil is dumped on the final discharge slope of the dump to a thickness of 5-10 cm to form a drainage anti-skid bedding, and then the modified slurry is sprayed on the drainage anti-skid bedding to a thickness of 5-10 cm to form an anti-scouring three-dimensional structure of the slope of the dump.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010359609.3A CN111377693A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Method for using modified mine waste soil material for preventing scouring of slope surface of refuse dump |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010359609.3A CN111377693A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Method for using modified mine waste soil material for preventing scouring of slope surface of refuse dump |
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| CN111377693A true CN111377693A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2512440A1 (en) * | 1981-09-07 | 1983-03-11 | Colas Sa | Inexpensive mixt. for filling trenches or repairing roads - based on fly ash, which is mixed with small amts. of cement and activator, followed by adding water when mixt. is used |
| JP2008297182A (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-11 | Raito Kogyo Co Ltd | Mortar composition and slope protection working method |
| CN103833298A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-06-04 | 淄博环亿资源综合利用有限公司 | Slope protection material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105152588A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-16 | 长安大学 | Loess road slope surface protection material and preparation |
-
2020
- 2020-04-30 CN CN202010359609.3A patent/CN111377693A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2512440A1 (en) * | 1981-09-07 | 1983-03-11 | Colas Sa | Inexpensive mixt. for filling trenches or repairing roads - based on fly ash, which is mixed with small amts. of cement and activator, followed by adding water when mixt. is used |
| JP2008297182A (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-11 | Raito Kogyo Co Ltd | Mortar composition and slope protection working method |
| CN103833298A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-06-04 | 淄博环亿资源综合利用有限公司 | Slope protection material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105152588A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-16 | 长安大学 | Loess road slope surface protection material and preparation |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 于跃勋: "《中国建设科技文库建筑材料卷》", 30 September 1998, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
| 华东水利学院: "《土工知识》", 31 March 1982 * |
| 蒋玲: "《道路建筑材料》", 30 September 2005, 机械工业出版社 * |
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