CN109095799B - Method for preparing ecological aggregate by coating modification of coal gangue - Google Patents
Method for preparing ecological aggregate by coating modification of coal gangue Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
- C04B20/1077—Cements, e.g. waterglass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/32—Aluminous cements
- C04B7/323—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
- C04B7/44—Burning; Melting
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing ecological aggregate by coating and modifying coal gangue, which adopts a solid waste base high-activity cementing material to coat and cure the surface of coal gangue. According to the application, based on the performance characteristics of the solid waste base high-activity cementing material such as early strength, quick setting and quick hardening, the massive coal gangue is coated and modified to prepare the coal gangue ecological aggregate, so that the physical performance equivalent to that of common stones is achieved, the application market of the stones in various building material fields is replaced, and a new way of large-scale resource utilization of the coal gangue is realized. Simple steps, convenient operation and strong practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of novel building materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing ecological aggregate by coating modification of coal gangue.
Background
The coal gangue is discharged in the coal mining process and coal washing processThe solid waste is a kind of black grey rock with lower carbon content and harder than coal and associated with coal bed in coal producing process. Comprises tunneling waste rocks in the tunneling process of a roadway, waste rocks extracted from a top plate, a bottom plate and an interlayer in the mining process, and washing waste rocks extracted in the coal washing process. The main component of which is Al2O3、SiO2And in addition, Fe in different quantities2O3、CaO、MgO、Na2O、K2O、P2O5、SO3And carbon and trace rare elements (gallium, vanadium, titanium, cobalt).
The coal gangue is the largest industrial waste in the discharge amount of China, and accounts for about one fourth of the industrial solid waste in China. The related department materials show that the coal gangue accumulated in the whole country over the year is about 36 hundred million tons, the large-scale gangue dump is about 2600 seats, and the occupied area is 1.2 million hectares. Along with the development of the national modernization construction business, the increase of the working strength of environmental protection, the development of clean coal technology and the improvement of the mechanized level of coal mining, the discharge amount of coal gangue, coal slime and the like is increased.
In recent years, with the high-speed increase of coal production, about 8000 ten thousand tons of coal gangue are newly added every year. A large amount of coal gangue is not discarded, so that a large area of land is occupied, a large amount of land resources are wasted, sulfide in the coal gangue escapes or is leached out, the atmosphere, soil and water body are polluted, and great potential safety hazards are caused to the life and health of human beings. In addition, the gangue dump can also be spontaneously combusted to cause fire, or can be collapsed in rainy season, and can lead to serious disasters due to river congestion, for example, the spontaneous combustion collapse event of the flat-topped gangue dump of 5-16 th day in 2005 can cause 18 resident rooms of 100 meters away to be damaged in different degrees, people in the rooms are buried, 8 people are unfortunate and are in distress, 6 people are seriously injured, and in the emergency rescue process, the gangue dump is sprayed again due to sudden heavy rain, and more than 40 emergency rescue personnel on site are burned in different degrees. The mass production of the coal gangue dump is harmful to the ecological environment and the life and health of human beings. Therefore, researches on basic aspects such as components, structures and characteristics of the coal gangue need to be enhanced, a new utilization way is developed according to the characteristics and actual requirements of the coal gangue, and the comprehensive utilization pace of the coal gangue is accelerated. The coal gangue is applied to road materials, can realize the harmlessness, reduction and recycling of solid wastes, has remarkable economic, social and environmental benefits, and has good prospect and important significance.
At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of coal gangue in China is about 75%, and because of the huge production amount and the large stacking amount, a large amount of coal gangue mountain is urgently required to be treated every year. China has many researches on coal gangue, and the coal gangue is used as a raw material for manufacturing building materials, so that the process is simple, the using amount is large, the coal gangue can be completely utilized, and the method is a main way for utilizing the coal gangue. The method comprises the step of making bricks by using coal gangue, wherein the coal gangue modification can be used for producing hollow bricks of the gangue bricks, and the bricks are made by using the coal gangue without fuel, so that the effects of not using clay for making bricks and not using fuel for burning the bricks are realized. Good environmental and economic benefits are obtained, but because of the environmental protection problem, the production of the baked bricks is forbidden in China at present, and the coal gangue baking-free bricks are a development trend. And cement and concrete made of coal gangue. The research and application of ceramics, etc., and the research of coal gangue as an adsorbent, etc. at present.
At present, the development and utilization of natural stones are limited, and from the current situation of limestone demand at home and abroad, the annual demand worldwide is about 12 hundred million tons, but 80 percent of the natural stones are used commonly. The high-quality lime has less resources, low yield and larger market gap. In recent years, due to the shortage of limestone resources in China in Asia-Pacific region, about 110 million tons of limestone are imported from China every year. According to the prediction of experts, the demand of high-quality limestone is increased at a rate of 30 ten thousand tons per year in China and 35 ten thousand tons per year in Asia-Pacific region.
The price of the stones is also at a higher level, exceeding 100 yuan/ton. The modified coal gangue as aggregate can meet the performance requirement equivalent to that of pebbles and has low cost, and if the coal gangue is used as an aggregate to be applied to various fields of buildings, building materials, road construction and the like. The waste coal gangue is changed into valuable, so that the problem of high price of the existing stones can be solved, and the problem of ecological pollution caused by the coal gangue can be solved. Therefore, the additional energy reutilization of the coal gangue is realized, the comprehensive utilization rate of the coal gangue is greatly improved, a new way for large-scale utilization of the coal gangue is developed, a part of huge demand market for stones can be replaced, and good economic and environmental benefits can be brought to enterprises and society. Meets the new requirements of building ecological civilization and developing green circular economy in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a solid waste based high-activity cementing material, and based on the performance characteristics of early strength, quick setting and quick hardening, the block coal gangue is coated and modified to prepare a coal gangue ecological aggregate, so that the physical performance equivalent to that of common stones is achieved, the application market of the stones in various building material fields is replaced, and a new way of large-scale resource utilization of the coal gangue is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention aims to provide a method for preparing ecological aggregate by coating and modifying coal gangue, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) coating and curing the surface of the coal gangue by using a solid waste base high-activity cementing material to obtain the coal gangue.
Preferably, the solid waste based high-activity cementing material is a hydraulic cementing material obtained by synergistically and complementarily calcining coal gangue with other silicon-aluminum-iron based solid waste and calcium sulfate based solid waste, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing large coal gangue, and screening the coal gangue with the particle size of more than 25mm and less than 5mm to leave the coal gangue with the particle size of 5-25mm for later use;
2) and grinding, uniformly mixing and calcining the gangue with the screen residue of more than 25mm and less than 5mm in cooperation with desulfurized gypsum, aluminum ash and electroslag stone to obtain the solid waste base high-activity cementing material.
The proportion of the coal gangue, the desulfurized gypsum, the aluminum ash and the carbide slag is (mass percent) 20%: 20%: 30%: 30 percent.
In the preparation method of the cementing material, the calcining temperature is 1250 ℃ and the time is 2 h.
Preferably, the coal gangue has a particle size of 5-25 mm.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the solid waste base high-activity cementing material to the coal gangue is 1-2: 8-9.
Preferably, the water-to-cement ratio is between 0.28 and 0.32.
Preferably, the solid waste base high-activity cementing material passes through a 0.08mm square-hole sieve.
Preferably, a disk-type granulator is adopted for coating; the disc is driven by a motor to rotate to drive the coal gangue blocks to rotate, water is sprayed while the disc rotates, and solid waste base cementing material powder is sprayed after the surfaces of the coal gangue blocks are wet; until the coal gangue surface is coated with a layer of uniform and compact shell.
The invention also aims to provide the ecological aggregate prepared by any one of the methods.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the ecological aggregate in construction, building materials and road construction.
The invention has the advantages of
1) The invention can prepare the coal gangue-based ecological aggregate and can replace carpolite to serve as the aggregate market in large scale in the future.
2) Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantage that the cost for using the stones as the aggregates can greatly reduce the production cost.
3) The invention can improve the use strength and durability of the coal gangue.
4) The coal gangue aggregate prepared by the method achieves the physical properties equivalent to that of common crushed stone.
5) The invention can make the coal gangue as aggregate to be stabilized, harmless and recycled to a greater extent.
6) The coal gangue ecological aggregate prepared by the invention has the advantages of low cost, high strength, high stability, low crushing value, excellent durability and the like. Has wide market prospect. The detection shows that the average crushing value of the prepared coal gangue aggregate is 8.6% < 10%. Meets the requirements of related indexes of the national industry standard JGJ 52-2006; water absorption 1.8% < 2.0%. Meets the requirements of related indexes of the national standard GB/T14685-2011.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIGS. 2 and 3 show the strength results of concrete prepared from the coated coal gangue, uncoated coal gangue (particle size of 5-25mm) as aggregate, and common stone (particle size of 5-25mm) as aggregate in example 1.
FIGS. 4 and 5 show the concrete strength results of the coated coal gangue, the uncoated coal gangue (with a particle size of 5-25mm) directly used as aggregate, and the common stone (with a particle size of 5-25mm) used as aggregate in example 2.
FIGS. 6 and 7 show the strength of concrete prepared from the coated coal gangue, uncoated coal gangue (5-25 mm in particle size) and common stone (5-25 mm in particle size) in example 3.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The coal gangue, as an industrial waste, has the characteristics of light weight and high strength, and can be used as an aggregate to prepare concrete through simple crushing and screening. The method for using the coal gangue as the concrete aggregate is a reasonable approach for using the coal gangue, is more sufficient and thorough compared with other methods for using the coal gangue, and has remarkable economic benefit. The properties of the coal gangue after the hoof separation treatment are similar to those of the broken stone, and the coal gangue contains Si due to the complex components of the coal gangueO2、Al2O3High content, belonging to active ingredients, long-term mixing with water, Ca (OH)2The coal gangue powder is easy to react with alkali aggregate when contacting with air and the like, coal gangue pulverization phenomenon occurs, and the strength of the coal gangue is reduced. Meanwhile, the pulverized coal gangue has a loose structure and increased porosity, which causes excessive water absorption of the structure and poor durability. Therefore, the coal gangue can not directly replace stones to be used as aggregates for producing concrete at present, and the quality problem is caused mainly because the application of the coal gangue as the aggregates, especially the application of the coal gangue is limited in the aspect of durability, so that the invention coats the surface of the coal gangue with a self-made solid waste base high-activity cementing material, thereby improving the structure of an interface transition region between the coal gangue aggregates and slurry, forming a hard and compact shell between the coal gangue aggregates and the slurry, preventing the moisture and air of the slurry from entering the coal gangue aggregates to generate chemical reaction, preventing the coal gangue aggregates from being pulverized, and further improving the structural strength and durability.
Firstly, the coal gangue coating process is fast, efficient and uniform. And secondly, the solid waste base cementing material used for coating is fast in hardening and high in strength, and the strength of the coated aggregate is greatly improved. The specific method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the particle size of the lump coal gangue obtained from coal mining plants generally exceeds more than 50 mm. It is necessary to break the material into 5-25mm size pieces by a crusher and then to screen the pieces or powder larger than 25mm and smaller than 5mm by standard screening equipment. The screened coal gangue which meets the required grading is weighed to be put into a disc of a disc granulator in a certain amount, and is allowed to roll along with the rotation of the disc (the speed is variable frequency and adjustable), water is sprayed while rotating, a certain amount of self-made solid waste base active material powder is sprayed after the surface of the coal gangue is wetted, water is sprayed while the powder is sprayed, and the coal gangue is taken out after the surface of the coal gangue is uniformly coated with a layer of active material and is dried at room temperature to obtain the coal gangue ecological aggregate. (the self-made solid waste base active material is obtained by the synergistic complementation and calcination of coal gangue with other silicon-aluminum-iron base solid waste and calcium sulfate base solid waste)
The invention aims to process coal gangue to obtain a novel ecological aggregate. So that the material can be utilized in large-scale cyclization in the field of building materials.
The coal gangue is non-spontaneous combustion coal gangue discharged by a coal mining plant.
The coal gangue particle size of the invention is 5-25 mm.
The solid waste base gelling material is self-made production, and the cost is less than 300 yuan/ton
The raw material for preparing the solid waste based cementing material is prepared by firing coal gangue and other solid wastes at low temperature in a synergic and complementary manner. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing large coal gangue, and screening the coal gangue with the particle size of more than 25mm and less than 5mm to leave the coal gangue with the particle size of 5-25mm for later use;
2) and grinding, uniformly mixing and calcining the gangue with the screen residue of more than 25mm and less than 5mm in cooperation with desulfurized gypsum, aluminum ash and electroslag stone to obtain the solid waste base high-activity cementing material.
The proportion of the coal gangue, the desulfurized gypsum, the aluminum ash and the carbide slag is (mass percent) 20%: 20%: 30%: 30 percent.
In the preparation method of the cementing material, the calcining temperature is 1250 ℃ and the time is 2 h.
The specific surface area of the solid waste base cementing material is 400-450 kg/m2。
The percent of the residue on the sieve is controlled below 3 percent by adopting a 0.08mm square hole sieve.
Preferably, the ratio of the solid waste base cementing material in the mass portion of 10-20% to the massive coal gangue is 1:9-2: 8.
It is further preferred that the water amount and cement ratio of the cement are between 0.28 and 0.32.
Further preferably, the coating equipment adopts a disk type granulator. The disc is driven by a motor to rotate to drive the coal gangue blocks to rotate, water is sprayed while the disc rotates, and solid waste base cementing material powder is sprayed after the surface of the coal gangue blocks rotates. Until the coal gangue surface is coated with a layer of uniform and compact shell.
The method has simple process, reliable equipment, safety and science, can realize the recycling of the attached energy of the coal gangue, and opens up a new way for utilizing the coal gangue, thereby realizing the large-scale resource utilization of the coal gangue resources and further improving the utilization rate of the coal gangue. Thereby generating great environmental benefit, economic benefit and social benefit.
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
In the following examples, (self-made) solid waste based active material powder was prepared by the following method:
1) crushing large coal gangue, and screening the coal gangue with the particle size of more than 25mm and less than 5mm to leave the coal gangue with the particle size of 5-25mm for later use;
2) and grinding, uniformly mixing and calcining the gangue with the screen residue of more than 25mm and less than 5mm in cooperation with the desulfurized gypsum, the aluminum ash and the electroslag stone to obtain the coal gangue calcium sulfate.
The proportion of the coal gangue, the desulfurized gypsum, the aluminum ash and the carbide slag is (mass percent) 20%: 20%: 30%: 30 percent.
In the preparation method of the cementing material, the calcining temperature is 1250 ℃ and the time is 2 h.
3) And (3) sieving the sulphoaluminate cementing material by a 0.08mm square hole sieve to obtain solid waste base active material powder.
Example 1:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of: the solid waste base active material powder, the coal gangue with the particle size of 5-25mm and the tap water are prepared and weighed according to the weight ratio of 1:9: 0.28. Firstly, putting the weighed massive coal gangue into a disk of a granulator and allowing the massive coal gangue to rotate along with the disk. Then, quantitative water weighed according to the proportion is injected into the sprinkling can, and after the surface of the coal gangue is wetted, the solid waste base gelling material powder weighed according to the proportion is sprinkled. The powder is sprayed while water is sprayed. And taking out the coal gangue ecological aggregate after the water spraying is finished, and naturally airing the coal gangue ecological aggregate to obtain the coal gangue ecological aggregate with the uniformly coated surface. The diameter of the obtained coal gangue aggregate product particles is 5-25mm, and the bulk density is 1.28kg/m3Apparent density 2830kg/m3Meets the relevant indexes, and has an average crushing value of 12.6 percent according to the quality of sand and stone for common concrete and the test method standard (JGJ52-2006)<20 percent. Conforms to the national standardThe GB/T14685-2011 strength index requirement is set. The prepared coal gangue ecological aggregate is prepared into concrete according to the reference number C30 (the cementing material used for preparing the concrete is a self-made solid waste base cementing material which has the characteristics of early strength and rapid hardening, so that the compressive strength is higher in 3 days), and compared with the coal gangue (with the grain diameter of 5-25mm) which is not coated and directly prepared into the aggregate and the common stone (with the grain diameter of 5-25mm) prepared into the aggregate, the concrete strength result is shown in figures 2 and 3. The result shows that the strength of the coal gangue after surface coating treatment is 4.4MPa higher than that of the coal gangue without treatment when used as aggregate for 3 days. And the later strength stably increases to 35.3MPa, meets the requirements of design grade and is almost consistent with the strength of common stone concrete with the same grade. The phenomenon that the later strength of the aggregate is reduced by directly using the later-stage coal gangue is avoided.
Example 2:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of: the solid waste base active material powder, the coal gangue with the particle size of 5-25mm and the tap water are prepared and weighed according to the weight ratio of 1:8.5: 0.29. Firstly, putting the weighed massive coal gangue into a disk of a granulator and allowing the massive coal gangue to rotate along with the disk. Then, quantitative water weighed according to the proportion is injected into the sprinkling can, and after the surface of the coal gangue is wetted, the solid waste base gelling material powder weighed according to the proportion is sprinkled. The powder is sprayed while water is sprayed. And taking out the coal gangue ecological aggregate after the water spraying is finished, and naturally airing the coal gangue ecological aggregate to obtain the coal gangue ecological aggregate with the uniformly coated surface. The diameter of the obtained coal gangue aggregate product particles is 5-25mm, and the bulk density is 1.30kg/m3Apparent density 2880kg/m3And meets the relevant indexes. The average crushing value of the strength measured by the quality of sand and stone used for common concrete and the standard of a test method (JGJ52-2006) is 9.6 percent<10 percent. Meets the requirements of national industry standard indexes. The prepared coal gangue ecological aggregate is prepared into concrete according to the reference number C30 (the cementing material used for preparing the concrete is a self-made solid waste base cementing material which has the characteristics of early strength and rapid hardening, so that the compressive strength is higher in 3 days), and compared with the coal gangue (with the grain diameter of 5-25mm) which is not coated and directly prepared into the aggregate and the common stone (with the grain diameter of 5-25mm) prepared into the aggregate, the concrete strength result is shown in figures 4 and 5. The result shows that the surface of the coal gangue after being coated is stronger than that of the coal gangue which is not treated and used as aggregate for 3 daysThe degree is higher than 4.6MPa, the later strength is stably increased to 35.5MPa, the requirement of design grade is met, and the strength is almost the same compared with that of common stone concrete with the same grade. The phenomenon that the later strength of the aggregate is reduced by directly using the later-stage coal gangue is avoided.
Example 3:
the preparation method comprises the following steps of: the solid waste base active material powder, the coal gangue with the particle size of 5-25mm and the tap water are prepared and weighed according to the mass ratio of 1:8: 0.3. Firstly, putting the weighed massive coal gangue into a disk of a granulator and allowing the massive coal gangue to rotate along with the disk. Then, quantitative water weighed according to the proportion is injected into the sprinkling can, and after the surface of the coal gangue is wetted, the solid waste base gelling material powder weighed according to the proportion is sprinkled. The powder is sprayed while water is sprayed. And taking out the coal gangue ecological aggregate after the water spraying is finished, and naturally airing the coal gangue ecological aggregate to obtain the coal gangue ecological aggregate with the uniformly coated surface. The diameter of the obtained coal gangue aggregate product particles is 5-25mm, and the bulk density is 1.33kg/m3Apparent density 2920kg/m3And meets the relevant indexes. The average crushing value of the concrete is 8.6 percent according to the quality of sand and stone used for common concrete and the standard of a test method (JGJ52-2006)<10 percent. Meets the requirements of national industry standard indexes. The prepared coal gangue ecological aggregate is prepared into concrete according to the reference number C30 (the cementing material used for preparing the concrete is a self-made solid waste base cementing material which has the characteristics of early strength and rapid hardening, so that the compressive strength is higher in 3 days), and compared with the coal gangue (with the grain diameter of 5-25mm) which is not coated and directly prepared into the aggregate and the common stone (with the grain diameter of 5-25mm) prepared into the aggregate, the concrete strength result is shown in fig. 6 and 7. The result shows that the strength of the coal gangue after surface coating treatment is 4.2MPa higher than that of the untreated coal gangue as aggregate in 3 days. And the later strength stably increases to 35.7MPa, meets the requirement of design grade, and has slight increase compared with the common stone concrete with the same grade. The phenomenon that the later strength of the aggregate is reduced by directly using the later-stage coal gangue is avoided.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents can be made in the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing ecological aggregate by coating modification of coal gangue is characterized by comprising the following steps:
coating and curing the surface of the coal gangue by using a solid waste base high-activity cementing material to obtain the coal gangue material;
the solid waste base high-activity cementing material is prepared by the following method:
1) crushing large coal gangue, and screening the coal gangue with the particle size of more than 25mm and less than 5 mm;
2) grinding, uniformly mixing and calcining the screened coal gangue with the size of more than 25mm and the screened coal gangue with the size of less than 5mm in cooperation with desulfurized gypsum, aluminum ash and electroslag stone to obtain a solid waste base high-activity cementing material;
the mass ratio of the coal gangue, the desulfurized gypsum, the aluminum ash and the carbide slag is 2-3: 2-3: 3-4: 3-4;
in the preparation method of the cementing material, the calcining temperature is 1250-1300 ℃ and the time is 1.8-2 h.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calcination temperature of the solid waste based high activity cement is 1250 ℃ and the calcination time is 2 h.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solid waste base high-activity cementing material comprises 20% of coal gangue, desulfurized gypsum, aluminum ash and carbide slag by mass: 20%: 30%: 30% by total weight of the raw materials.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the coal gangue is surface-coated with the solid waste-based high-activity cementing material, and the particle size of the coal gangue in the process of curing is 5-25 mm.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the solid waste base high-activity cementing material to the coal gangue is 1-2: 8-9.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of water used is in a range of 0.28 to 0.32 of cement to water/cement ratio.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid waste based high activity cementitious material is passed through a 0.08mm square mesh screen.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the coating is carried out using a disk-type pelletizer; the disc is driven by a motor to rotate to drive the coal gangue blocks to rotate, water is sprayed while the disc rotates, and solid waste base cementing material powder is sprayed after the surfaces of the coal gangue blocks are wet; until the coal gangue surface is coated with a layer of uniform and compact shell.
9. An ecological aggregate prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the ecological aggregate according to claim 9 in construction, building materials, road construction.
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| CN110104979B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2021-06-08 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing coal gangue lightweight aggregate by adopting belt sintering |
| CN110104975B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2021-06-08 | 中南大学 | Process for preparing coal gangue lightweight aggregate by belt type roasting machine pelletizing method |
| CN111410543B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-08-13 | 朔州西廊煤炭科技有限公司 | Method for preparing functional ceramic engineering material combustion-supporting catalyst by utilizing coal solid waste or bauxite solid waste |
| CN112110666B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-05-24 | 淮北矿业股份有限公司 | Device for improving performance of calcined coal gangue and using method thereof |
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