CN111410543B - Method for preparing functional ceramic engineering material combustion-supporting catalyst by utilizing coal solid waste or bauxite solid waste - Google Patents

Method for preparing functional ceramic engineering material combustion-supporting catalyst by utilizing coal solid waste or bauxite solid waste Download PDF

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CN111410543B
CN111410543B CN202010335214.XA CN202010335214A CN111410543B CN 111410543 B CN111410543 B CN 111410543B CN 202010335214 A CN202010335214 A CN 202010335214A CN 111410543 B CN111410543 B CN 111410543B
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coal
solid waste
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supporting catalyst
engineering material
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CN111410543A (en
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曹雪瑞
段晓飞
王喜贵
李茂运
王舜
王太钢
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Shuozhou Xilang Coal Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
    • B01J23/22—Vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/563—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on boron carbide

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering materials, in particular to a method for preparing a combustion-supporting catalyst of a functional ceramic engineering material by utilizing solid waste of coal or bauxite; the method comprises the following steps: 1, selecting raw materials; 2, stacking the samples in space, and feeding the samples into an open hearth for 2 hours to heat to 850 ℃; 3, heating the temperature from 850 ℃ to 950 ℃ at the speed of 300 ℃/h, roasting for 4-5 h, and naturally cooling; 4, crushing the sample; 5, crushing the crushed sample to 100 meshes; 6, measuring the lithium content; 7, measuring the lithium content in the sample>Directly and finely grinding 0.1% of the raw materials to 325-1000 meshes; 8, adding TiO2Ball-milling the powder to obtain powder with the particle size of 10-100 nanometers; 9, calcining the prepared powder material for 4 hours at 1100 ℃ to prepare the required combustion-supporting catalyst; when the combustion-supporting catalyst rich in the rare element of lithium-gallium-vanadium-titanium prepared by the method is used for preparing the functional ceramic engineering material, the sintering temperature is obviously reduced, the strength of the ceramic engineering material is improved, and the density of the engineering material is reduced.

Description

Method for preparing functional ceramic engineering material combustion-supporting catalyst by utilizing coal solid waste or bauxite solid waste
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering materials, in particular to a method for preparing a combustion-supporting catalyst of a functional ceramic engineering material by utilizing solid waste of coal or bauxite.
Background
The functional ceramic engineering material is one of three major metal, plastic and ceramic engineering materials in the 21 st century, has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, high elastic modulus, high temperature resistance, wear resistance, thermal shock resistance and the like since the appearance of the materials in the 60 th century, and has important and wide application in national economy and national defense construction. With the development of modern high and new technology, the application of the functional ceramic engineering material is developing towards refinement, multifunction, intellectualization, integration, high performance, high reliability and composite structure. Therefore, the method solves various fundamental scientific problems in the preparation of the functional ceramic engineering material, provides theoretical basis for batch and stable production of high-performance functional ceramic engineering materials and components in China, and promotes the rapid development of the engineering preparation science of the functional ceramic materials in China, thereby being a great core subject in the research field of the functional ceramic engineering materials. The anti-damage functional ceramic engineering material is continuously applied to military and civil fields such as personnel protection, armored vehicles, power devices, gas turbine blades, deck and shell of ships and warships, aircraft shell coating, engine parts, linings of firepower devices, anti-damage building construction and the like, and remarkable military and economic benefits are obtained.
The functional ceramic engineering material has excellent performance, such as: high hardness, low density, bullet proof, explosion proof, damage proof, fire proof, low expansibility, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high heat insulation and the like.
However, the functional ceramic engineering material has some disadvantages, such as its toughness is slightly lower, especially its fracture toughness is low and its melting point is high, its brittleness is large and its binding ability with metal is not stable, and its grain boundary moving resistance is large, and its surface tension is very small in solid state. Oxide or non-oxide combustion aids are typically added during sintering to achieve lower sintering temperatures and improved design properties. However, in the actual production, the addition of the combustion aid reduces the sintering temperature and also reduces the physical and chemical properties of the ceramic engineering material. The reliability and the applicability of the material as an engineering material are influenced by the problem of unstable physicochemical properties caused by the loss of carbon atoms in the crystal bond part due to the sintering temperature and the addition of an auxiliary agent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing a combustion-supporting catalyst of a functional ceramic engineering material by using solid waste of coal or bauxite to solve the problem that the addition of a combustion aid in actual production reduces the sintering temperature and often reduces the physical and chemical properties of the ceramic engineering material; when the combustion-supporting catalyst rich in the rare element of lithium-gallium-vanadium-titanium prepared by the preparation method is used for preparing the functional ceramic engineering material by utilizing the combustion-supporting catalyst, the functional ceramic can be strengthened and toughened by various means such as promoting and limiting crystallization of crystal grains, enhancing phase change toughening, phase compounding and the like; greatly reduces the sintering temperature, improves the hardness of the ceramic engineering material and reduces the density.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for preparing a combustion-supporting catalyst of a functional ceramic engineering material by utilizing solid waste of coal or bauxite comprises the following steps:
selecting a plurality of parts of solid waste raw materials produced simultaneously in the same coal bed of the same coal field (preventing crystal bonds from collapsing and breaking due to open-air accumulation);
step two, stacking a plurality of samples selected in the step one in space, keeping a gap between every two samples, and sending the samples into an open hearth for 2 hours to heat up to 850 ℃;
step three, heating the temperature from 850 ℃ to 950 ℃ at the speed of 300 ℃/h, roasting for 4-5 h, and naturally cooling;
step four, crushing the sample cooled in the step three, and if unburnt impurities exist, repeating the step one to the step three;
step five, crushing the sample crushed in the step four to 100 meshes by adopting a jaw crusher, a ball mill or a Raymond mill;
sixthly, measuring the lithium content of the sample obtained in the fifth step by using a flame atomic spectrum absorption instrument;
and step seven, selecting the raw materials with the lithium content of more than 0.1 percent in the samples in the step six, and directly and finely grinding the raw materials to 325-1000 meshes.
Step eight, adding 325-1000 mesh TiO with the same particle size into the finely ground raw material in the step seven2The powder is prepared into powder with the particle size of 10-100 nanometers;
step nine: and (4) calcining the powder prepared in the step eight in a natural gas or CO direct flame rotary kiln for 4 hours at 1100 ℃ to prepare the required combustion-supporting catalyst.
Preferably, the volume of each part of solid waste raw material in the step one is 200mmX200mmX200 mm.
Further, in the step one, 10-20 parts of solid waste raw materials of the same coal bed in the same coal field are selected.
Further, the finely ground raw material and TiO in the step eight2The ratio of the powders was 6: 1-9: 1.
further, the ball milling time is 30 min-1 h, and the ball milling ratio is 10: 1.
the invention creatively and directly uses the development of the high-efficiency combustion-supporting catalyst which is extracted from the coal solid waste and the alumina solid waste and is rich in rare metal elements such as titanium, lithium, gallium, vanadium and the like, and obviously solves the conventional sintering problem of the functional ceramic engineering material, thereby widely applying the functional ceramic represented by boron carbide.
Lithium minerals have unique properties as ceramic raw materials. Lithium has a similar chemical action to sodium and potassium and is more chemically active than both sodium and potassium. In terms of molecular weight, sodium is 23, potassium is 39 and lithium is 6.9, so that the density can be reduced by adding a small amount of lithium, a strong flux effect is realized, and the advantages of lowering melting temperature, shortening sintering period and the like are achieved. Further, the lithium melt has a strong ability to melt silica in a liquid phase, and also acts to melt a metal compound such as alumina and a ceramic raw material such as carbide and nitride. Can generate beta-lithium aluminosilicate solid solution with smaller thermal expansion coefficient in a lower temperature range, and precipitate lithium-containing compound crystals, so that the whole ceramic body has smaller linear expansion coefficient (alpha is less than or equal to 2 multiplied by 10 < -6 >/DEG C), thereby improving the thermal shock resistance and the corrosion resistance of the ceramic engineering material product. The method has super-strong effect on various products which are produced by people and are suitable for large servo temperature span, such as parts of power devices, engine nozzles, wings, blades and the like or various spray coatings.
The liquid phase can be catalyzed to generate by utilizing the wide temperature range of the liquid phase of gallium, the gallium-based compound can reduce the oxidation effect in powder sintering in the sintering process, and the gallium compound is precipitated and attached to the surface layer of a sintering blank body in the sintering process to generate oxides, so that the surface tension is increased, the specific surface is increased, and the powder sintering is catalyzed. The gallium aluminum titanium alloy liquid phase after surface oxidation has better adhesiveness with the ceramic material substrate and the constraint metal material. Meanwhile, the wettability of the gallium-based heat conducting film on the substrate is enhanced, the gallium-based heat conducting film or the heat conducting paste and other thermal interface materials can be generated, and efficient heat transportation and ultimate heat dissipation capacity are realized. The gallium compound has stronger unidirectional conduction characteristic of a semiconductor. The coating has very important effects on the performance of heat-resistant, heat-insulating and damage-preventing products and coatings.
The addition of a trace amount of vanadium into the functional ceramic engineering material can greatly increase the hardness, elastic modulus and strength of the engineering materials such as aluminum, titanium, iron, silicon and the like, has excellent abrasion resistance and anti-decrepitation, is high temperature resistant and cold resistant, and simultaneously has the special properties of strong compactness, high energy storage, transient electronic response property, high-order salinization micro-biological rejection and the like. The trace of vanadium can be seen everywhere in the departments of automobiles, aviation, coating, building materials, electronic technology, national defense industry and the like.
Rare metals such as lithium, titanium, gallium, vanadium and the like are associated with bauxite and coal beds except for independent synthetic ores in specific environments. Wherein gallium can replace aluminum in mineralized matter, and basically coexists with vanadium with aluminum. Lithium gallium ions mainly exist in coal seam gangue coal and metaaluminosilicate rocks represented by boehmite and kaolinite in a coal bed plate, exist in a solid phase, and exist in a liquid phase in a mother liquor for producing alumina and a solid waste red mud solution. Therefore, the method is used for extracting the gallium-rich ions as a medium supplement, gradually draws the attention of researchers and large-scale enterprises, and considers the comprehensive utilization preference.
Lithium gallium vanadium aluminum is widely distributed in shanxi group, taiyuan group and quaguel coal field (including the fluvial coal field) of ningwu coal field. Wherein, the research finds that the associated minerals of lithium in the coal of the northern ruby area of the quasi-Geer coal field and the Ningwu coal field are supernormal enriched. For example, the average content of lithium in the coal mine of Halurdrin coal of the quasi-Geer coal field is 116. mu.g/g, and the content of lithium in the coal of Daihou coal is 143. mu.g/g. In the coal burning process, lithium is enriched for the second time in solid waste coal such as fly ash, for example, in Ornithoku coal mine, the average content of lithium in coal is 264 mug/g, while in coal ash is 1320 mug/g; the average content of lithium in the coal seam of the ruby area is 128.27 and 152 mu g/g respectively, and the secondary enrichment concentration in the coal solid waste reaches 3420 mu g/g. In recent years, abnormal distribution of lithium has been found in the taiyuan group coal seam of the western mountains coal field shanxi group and the taiyuan group of the western mountains coal field shanxi group in the western west water-in coal field jin city mine area, the hou-xi coal field houzhou mine area, the west mountains coal field ancient traffic mine area. It can be seen that, in the high-value point with abnormal lithium content, the lithium content in the coal of the Taiyuan group is greater than that in the Shanxi group of the Xishan coal field.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the boron carbide can be toughened by various means such as promoting and limiting crystallization of crystal grains, enhancing phase change toughening, phase compounding and the like by utilizing the titanium-aluminum-based combustion-supporting catalyst rich in rare elements containing lithium, vanadium and titanium. When the combustion-supporting catalyst rich in the rare element of lithium-gallium-vanadium-titanium prepared by the method is used for preparing the functional ceramic engineering material, the conventional sintering problem of the functional ceramic engineering material is obviously solved, and the functional ceramic can be strengthened and toughened by various means such as promoting and limiting crystallization of crystal grains, enhancing phase change toughening, phase compounding and the like; the sintering temperature is obviously reduced, and the physical and chemical properties of the ceramic engineering material are improved, such as the strength of the ceramic engineering material is improved, and the density of the engineering material is reduced.
The combustion-supporting catalyst prepared by the method can fully exert the functions of new technical materials such as bulletproof, explosion-proof, fireproof, abrasion-proof, corrosion-proof, high temperature resistance, heat insulation and the like of the novel gradient functional ceramic engineering material for light and super-hardness composite anti-damage in the coal solid waste and the alumina solid waste, greatly improves various requirements such as industrial preparation capacity, stability, modification, performance enhancement and sintering compactness, reduces sintering temperature, crystal phase growth, whisker design, gradient functional design, material composition and the like by adding various precise composite components, achieves the cross-over promotion of military and civil equipment, and can generate remarkable military and national economic benefits.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A method for preparing a combustion-supporting catalyst of a functional ceramic engineering material by utilizing solid waste of coal or bauxite comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting Ningwu coal field and normal and lunar region north edge coal mine 4-2The gangue coal in the coal bed is selected to have higher structural strength12 parts of kaolinite, wherein the total weight is 120kg, and the volume is 100mmX100mmX100 mm-300 mmX200mmX10 mm.
Step two: stacking 12 parts of samples of 12 parts of raw materials in the step one on a 2-layer rack on the roasting top of an open hearth, and heating to 850 ℃ in the open hearth for 2 hours;
step three: heating the temperature from 850 ℃ to 950 ℃ at the speed of 300 ℃/h, roasting for 4h, and naturally cooling;
step four: breaking or crushing the sample, finding that 8 parts of unburnt impurities exist, and repeating the steps from the first step to the third step;
step five: crushing 12 parts of sample into 100 meshes by adopting jaw crushing, ball milling and Raymond mill, and transferring to a laboratory;
step six: measuring the lithium content in a laboratory by using a flame atomic spectrum absorption instrument;
step seven: when the lithium content is about 0.24%, the batch of coal-series kaolinite is directly processed and finely ground to 325 meshes.
Step eight: according to the following steps of 6: 1 weight ratio of the raw material after the step seven fine grinding is added with 325 mesh TiO with the same particle size2Feeding the powder into a ball mill for 24 hours, wherein the ball milling ratio is 10: 1, preparing powder with the particle size of 10 nanometers;
step nine: and (3) calcining the powder prepared in the step eight in a natural gas or CO direct flame rotary kiln for 4 hours at 1100 ℃ to prepare the required combustion-supporting catalyst, and carrying out the next sintering experiment of the boron carbide functional ceramic material on the prepared combustion-supporting catalyst.
Example 2
A method for preparing a combustion-supporting catalyst of a functional ceramic engineering material by utilizing solid waste of coal or bauxite comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method selects gangue coal and coal bottom plates produced along the north edge of coal mines in Ningwu coal field and Navy area belonging to Lowa Shuiao corporation, Hua-Shanxi energy corporation and Zhonghai Shuiao group corporation, and selects 20 parts of kaolinite and boehmite with larger structural strength, wherein the total weight is 150kg, and the volume is 200mmX200mmX200 mm.
Step two: stacking 20 parts of samples of 20 parts of raw materials in the step one on a flat furnace roasting top for 2 layers of shelves, and heating the shelves to 850 ℃ in the flat furnace for 2 hours;
step three: heating the temperature from 850 ℃ to 950 ℃ at the speed of 300 ℃/h, roasting for 5h, and naturally cooling;
step four: breaking or crushing the sample, finding that 7 parts of unburnt impurities exist, and repeating the steps from the first step to the third step;
step five: crushing 20 parts of sample to 100 meshes by adopting jaw crushing, ball milling and Raymond mill, and transferring to a laboratory;
step six: measuring the lithium content in a laboratory by using a fluorescence spectrum absorption instrument;
step seven: when the lithium content is about 0.21%, the batch of coal-series kaolinite is processed and finely ground to 1000 meshes.
Step eight: according to the following steps of 9: 1: adding 1000-mesh TiO with the same particle size into the raw material after the step seven fine grinding2Feeding the powder into a ball mill for 12h, wherein the ball milling ratio is 10: 1, preparing powder with the particle size of 100 nanometers;
step nine: and (3) calcining the powder prepared in the step eight in a natural gas or CO direct flame rotary kiln for 4 hours at 1100 ℃ to prepare the required combustion-supporting catalyst, and carrying out the next sintering experiment of the boron carbide functional ceramic material on the prepared combustion-supporting catalyst.
Example 3
A method for preparing a combustion-supporting catalyst of a functional ceramic engineering material by utilizing solid waste of coal or bauxite comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method selects the gangue coal and the coal bottom plate of the coal bed of the north edge coal mine and the gangue coal and the coal bottom plate of the coal bed of the Ningwu coal field and the Nagaku coal bed of the Nagaku corporation, the Hua-Shanxi energy company and the Zhongkuai Nagaku corporation, and selects 15 parts of kaolinite and boehmite with larger structural strength, wherein the total weight is 140kg, and the volume is 300mmX200mmX10 mm.
Step two: stacking 15 parts of samples of the raw materials in the first step on 2 layers of shelves at the roasting top of an open hearth, and heating to 850 ℃ in the open hearth for 2 hours;
step three: heating the temperature from 850 ℃ to 950 ℃ at the speed of 300 ℃/h, roasting for 5h, and naturally cooling;
step four: breaking or crushing the sample, finding that 8 parts of unburnt impurities exist, and repeating the steps from the first step to the third step;
step five: crushing 12 parts of sample into 100 meshes by adopting jaw crushing, ball milling and Raymond mill, and transferring to a laboratory;
step six: measuring the lithium content in a laboratory by using a flame atomic spectrum absorption instrument;
step seven: when the lithium content is about 0.25%, the batch of coal-series kaolinite is processed and finely ground to 500 meshes.
Step eight: according to the weight ratio of 8.5: 1 weight ratio of the raw material after the step seven fine grinding is added with 500-mesh TiO with the same particle size2Feeding the powder into a ball mill for 2 hours, wherein the ball milling ratio is 10: 1, preparing powder with the particle size of 80 nm;
step nine: and (3) calcining the powder prepared in the step eight in a natural gas or CO direct flame rotary kiln for 4 hours at 1100 ℃ to prepare the required combustion-supporting catalyst, and carrying out the next sintering experiment of the boron carbide functional ceramic material on the prepared combustion-supporting catalyst.
Example 4
The method for testing the boron carbide anti-damage ceramic engineering material by using the combustion-supporting catalyst prepared in the embodiment 1 to 3 comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of combustion-supporting catalyst obtained in the embodiment 1-3, 25 parts of 325-mesh alumina and 30 parts of 320-mesh boron carbide; taking water as a medium, and adding 2.5 parts of reinforcing agent; hydroxymethyl and sodium tripolyphosphate are selected as reinforcing agents.
Step two: adding the mixed raw materials into a ball mill, wherein the ball milling ratio is 10: 2; the rotating speed is 300 r/min, and the ball milling time is 12h and reaches the grain diameter less than 100 nanometers;
step three: drying at 100 ℃ for 1 h;
step four: pressing under 60MPa to obtain D50=50mm embryo;
step five: sintering at 1100 deg.c for once;
step six: entering an electric furnace for industrial sintering at 2000-2200 ℃;
step seven: example 1 composite gradient functional ceramic with hardness HRC =92 and density 3.5 corresponding to the preparation of combustion-supporting catalyst.
Example 2 composite gradient functional ceramic with hardness HRC =95 and density 3.1 corresponding to the combustion-supporting catalyst preparation.
Example 3 composite gradient functional ceramic with hardness HRC =92 and density 2.9 corresponding to the preparation of combustion-supporting catalyst.

Claims (3)

1. A method for preparing a combustion-supporting catalyst of a boron carbide functional ceramic engineering material by utilizing coal solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a plurality of parts of solid waste raw materials produced simultaneously in the same coal seam of the same coal field, wherein the coal field is selected from one of Ningwu coal field, Niger coal field, Hedong coal field, Qinhui coal field and Xishan coal field;
step two, stacking a plurality of samples selected in the step one in space, keeping a gap between every two samples, and sending the samples into an open hearth for 2 hours to heat up to 850 ℃;
step three, heating the temperature from 850 ℃ to 950 ℃ at the speed of 300 ℃/h, roasting for 4-5 h, and naturally cooling;
step four, crushing the sample cooled in the step three, and if unburnt impurities exist, repeating the step one to the step three;
step five, crushing the sample crushed in the step four to 100 meshes by adopting a jaw crusher, a ball mill or a Raymond mill;
sixthly, measuring the lithium content of the sample obtained in the fifth step by using a fluorescence spectrum absorption instrument;
step seven, selecting the raw materials with the lithium content of more than 0.1 percent in the samples in the step six, and directly and finely grinding the raw materials to 325-1000 meshes;
step eight, adding 325-1000 mesh TiO with the same particle size into the finely ground raw material in the step seven2Preparing powder with the particle size of 10-100 nanometers, and mixing the finely ground raw material and TiO2The ratio of the powders was 6: 1-9: 1;
step nine: and (4) calcining the powder prepared in the step eight in a natural gas or CO direct flame rotary kiln for 4 hours at 1100 ℃ to prepare the required combustion-supporting catalyst.
2. The method for preparing the combustion-supporting catalyst for the boron carbide functional ceramic engineering material by using the coal solid wastes according to claim 1, wherein the volume of each solid waste raw material in the step one is 200mmX200mmX200 mm.
3. The method for preparing the combustion-supporting catalyst for the boron carbide functional ceramic engineering material by utilizing the coal solid waste according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 10-20 parts of the solid waste raw materials of the same coal bed in the same coal field are selected in the step one.
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