CN111365048B - Magnetorheological fluid support anchor rod - Google Patents
Magnetorheological fluid support anchor rod Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111365048B CN111365048B CN202010181529.3A CN202010181529A CN111365048B CN 111365048 B CN111365048 B CN 111365048B CN 202010181529 A CN202010181529 A CN 202010181529A CN 111365048 B CN111365048 B CN 111365048B
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- shell
- coaxially
- yielding
- anchor rod
- rod body
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005426 magnetic field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
Abstract
The invention relates to a magnetorheological fluid support anchor rod which comprises a yielding anchor shell, an anchor rod body, a yielding buffer mechanism, a yielding induction mechanism, a magnetorheological damper, a support base plate and a controller, wherein the yielding buffer mechanism is coaxially arranged in the yielding anchor shell, the bottom end of the anchor rod body is coaxially and fixedly connected with the bottom end of a working part of the yielding buffer mechanism, the yielding induction mechanism is coaxially and fixedly connected with the anchor rod body, the working end of the magnetorheological damper is coaxially and fixedly connected with the top end of the anchor rod body, the support base plate is coaxially arranged at the top end of the magnetorheological damper, and the yielding induction mechanism and the magnetorheological damper are electrically connected with the controller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of anchor rod devices, in particular to a magnetorheological fluid support anchor rod.
Background
With the demand of a large amount of infrastructure construction and economic development on energy, anchor rod supporting technology is used in hydraulic engineering, tunnel engineering, mine engineering and the like. In tunnel engineering, most tunnels in China have complex geological conditions and difficult tunnel maintenance, the anchor rod technology obviously improves the supporting effect of the tunnels, greatly reduces the supporting cost and lightens the labor intensity of workers. The traditional anchor rods comprise a wedge seam type anchor rod, an inverted wedge type anchor rod, an expansion shell type anchor rod and the like, but the anchor rods are low in anchoring force, small in supporting rigidity and poor in reliability. Although the existing yielding support anchor rod can bear larger acting force and play a role in yielding, the overall stability is not high, certain limitation exists, the requirement of tunnel and surrounding rock support design under complex conditions is difficult to meet, and hidden danger is buried for safe use of the tunnel and safe production of coal mines.
Chinese patent CN201821745934.8 discloses a tunnel surrounding rock yielding support anchor rod based on a magneto-rheological effect, which comprises an anchor rod body, a yielding anchor, a support base plate, a magneto-rheological damper, a first meshing tooth, a second meshing tooth, a clamping groove and a fixing hole, wherein the magneto-rheological damper consists of a nut, a spring, a shell, a piston, a bearing, a piston rod, a coil and magneto-rheological fluid; let and press the ground tackle for hollow structure and install inside the country rock, let the inside of pressing the ground tackle be equipped with first interlock tooth, the periphery of the stock body is equipped with the second interlock tooth, the second interlock tooth cooperatees with first interlock tooth and makes the stock body can only move to the country rock direction, the draw-in groove department of square backing plate sets up the magneto rheological damper through the glue connection. The device can not sense the yielding state in time and can not control the magnetorheological damper to be stable in time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a magnetorheological fluid support anchor rod, and the technical scheme solves the problem that the overall stability of an anchor rod device is not high during working.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the magnetorheological fluid support anchor rod comprises a yielding anchor shell, an anchor rod body, a yielding buffer mechanism, a yielding induction mechanism, a magnetorheological damper, a support base plate and a controller, wherein the yielding buffer mechanism is coaxially arranged inside the yielding anchor shell, the bottom end of the anchor rod body is coaxially and fixedly connected with the bottom end of a working part of the yielding buffer mechanism, the yielding induction mechanism is coaxially and fixedly connected with the anchor rod body, the working end of the magnetorheological damper is coaxially and fixedly connected with the top end of the anchor rod body, the support base plate is coaxially arranged at the top end of the magnetorheological damper, and the yielding induction mechanism and the magnetorheological damper are electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the pressure-yielding anchor shell comprises a first shell and a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the first shell; let and press buffer gear including the shearing head, let preforming and second retainer plate, the coaxial internal thread groove that is provided with in the thin mouthful top of shearing head, equidistant coaxial setting in first shell of second retainer plate, the coaxial internal thread groove that is provided with of second retainer plate towards the one end of shearing head, let coaxial being provided with first retainer plate on the preforming outer periphery, let the preforming through the coaxial setting of first retainer plate on the standing groove, let the coaxial through-hole that still is provided with of preforming, let the preforming along radial still equipartition bar mouth, the bottommost lets preforming and shearing head thin mouthful end butt, the coaxial first shell top of running through of the stock connects with the coaxial twisting of internal thread groove, the external periphery of the stock and the coaxial sliding fit of through-hole. Preferably, the bottom end of the anchor rod body is coaxially provided with a groove; let and press buffer still including self-lock device, self-lock device is including the fixed column, the spacing collar, umbelliform spring leaf and the fixing bolt that opens and shuts, the fixed column is coaxial to be set up in the inside bottom of internal thread groove, the coaxial setting in the inside bottom of recess of spacing collar, umbelliform spring leaf concave surface that opens and shuts is down through the coaxial setting of fixing bolt on fixed column top, umbelliform spring leaf that opens and shuts radially is provided with the opening, umbelliform spring leaf external diameter that opens and shuts is greater than the spacing collar internal diameter, under the operating condition, the coaxial joint of umbelliform spring leaf that opens and shuts is inside just marginal butt at the spacing collar top in the recess.
Preferably, the top end of the pressure-yielding anchor shell is also coaxially provided with a first sliding seat, and the anchor rod body is coaxially and slidably matched with the pressure-yielding buffer mechanism through the first sliding seat.
Preferably, sliding blocks are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod body along the axial direction; let and press response mechanism including the second shell, first fixed plate, rotatory sleeve, rotatory mount pad and rotation type induction-current generator, the coaxial setting of first fixed plate is at second shell both ends, the coaxial second sliding seat that is provided with of first fixed plate one end, the stock body sets up with the coaxial slip of second sliding seat, rotatory sleeve both ends are passed through the coaxial rotation of rotatory mount pad and are set up inside the second shell, rotatory sleeve inner wall has the vortex guide slot along the axial equipartition, vortex guide slot and sliding block sliding fit, the coaxial setting of rotation type induction-current generator drive end is outside rotatory sleeve, the coaxial setting of rotation type induction-current generator magnetic end is at second shell inner wall.
Preferably, the rotary induction current generator comprises a first arranging shell, an induction coil and a magnet, the first arranging shell is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotary sleeve, the induction coil is coaxially arranged outside the rotary sleeve, the magnet is coaxially arranged on the inner wall of the second shell, and the induction coil is electrically connected with the controller through a connecting wire.
Preferably, let and press response mechanism still including the torsional spring, the coaxial cover of torsional spring is established on first arrangement shell, and the torsional spring both ends are welded with rotatory mount pad and first arrangement shell respectively.
Preferably, the magnetorheological damper comprises a third shell, a second fixing plate, a fixing sleeve, a sliding sleeve, a second arranging shell, an electromagnet and magnetorheological fluid, wherein the second fixing plate is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the third shell, a third sliding seat is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the second fixing plate, the top end of the anchor rod body is coaxially and slidably connected with the third shell through the third sliding seat, the fixing sleeve is coaxially arranged at the top end of the anchor rod body, third fixing rings are coaxially arranged at two ends of the fixing sleeve, the sliding sleeve is coaxially arranged outside the fixing sleeve through the third fixing rings, a cavity is formed by the outer wall of the fixing sleeve and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, the second arranging shell is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the cavity, the electromagnet is arranged in the second arranging shell, the electromagnet is electrically connected with the controller through a connecting wire, the magnetorheological fluid is filled in the third shell, and liquid guide ports are uniformly distributed on the sliding sleeve along the axial direction.
Preferably, the magnetorheological damper further comprises a fixed ring, a bearing, a rotating seat and a spring, wherein the fixed ring is coaxially arranged at the top end inside the third shell, an outer ring of the bearing is coaxially and fixedly connected with the fixed ring, the rotating seat is coaxially and fixedly connected with an inner ring of the bearing, the spring is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the rotating seat, and two ends of the spring are respectively welded to the bottom end of the rotating seat and the top end of the anchor rod body.
Preferably, the top end of the support cushion plate is also provided with a fixing lug along the axial direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the pressure-yielding anchor shell is used, the pressure-yielding anchor shell is vertically arranged downwards in the surrounding rock, the supporting base plate is parallel to the horizontal plane of the surrounding rock, after the construction is in place, if the surrounding rock or the slope sliding body deforms, the stress of the pressure-yielding mechanism is increased, and the pressure-yielding buffer mechanism starts to shear the pressure-yielding piece until the stress reaches the designed pressure-yielding resistance, so that the pressure-yielding piece deforms towards the other side and is abutted against the pressure-yielding piece on the other side, thereby providing the pressure resistance, stopping the anchor rod body from continuing to slide, when the pressure is increased again, the pressure-yielding piece continues to shear the second pressure-yielding piece, so that the second pressure-yielding piece extrudes and deforms from the pressure-yielding piece to the pressure-yielding piece on the other side, thereby delaying the sliding of the pressure-yielding piece towards the shearing head, preventing the shearing head from being used for lacking of subsequent resistance and suddenly sliding under the traction action of the surrounding rock, and further preventing the anchor rod body from being broken or pulled out due to large impact, causing collapse; the structure is more stable by continuously yielding the pressing sheet, when the anchor rod body generates displacement relative to the fixed end of the yielding induction mechanism, the sliding block slides in the volute guide groove, due to the structural characteristics of the volute guide groove, the rotary sleeve synchronously rotates on the rotary mounting seat, so that the driving end of the rotary induction current generator arranged outside the rotary mounting seat coaxially rotates, the driving end of the rotary induction current generator rotates relative to the magnetic end of the rotary induction current generator, the rotary induction current generator generates induction current, the induction current is timely transmitted to the controller through a circuit, the magnetorheological fluid is controlled by the controller to generate a magnetic field, and the magnetorheological fluid is filled in the third shell, so that the magnetorheological fluid is changed from original Newton fluid into Bingham fluid, has higher adhesiveness and can generate certain shearing force, thereby make fixed sleeve and sliding sleeve unable slip in the third shell is inside to reduce and let the whole effort to the support backing plate of pressing mechanism and the stock body, prevent that the support backing plate atress is not hard up, provide the guarantee for letting pressing mechanism and the holistic normal work of the stock body. The device stable in structure can effectually reduce the influence that the country rock warp to the stock body, and makes the relative stock body of installation work piece more stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at C;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at D;
FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of a single pressure piece and a second retainer ring of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at E;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the swivel sleeve of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 5 at F.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1. yielding anchor shell; 1a, a first shell; 1b, a bottom plate; 1c, a first sliding seat;
2. an anchor rod body; 2a, a groove; 2b, a sliding block;
3. a pressure yielding buffer mechanism; 3a, a shearing head; 3a1, female thread groove; 3b, tabletting; 3b1, a first retainer ring; 3b2, vias; 3b3, strip-shaped mouth; 3c, a second fixing ring; 3d, a self-locking device; 3d1, fixed column; 3d2, a spacing ring; 3d3, umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring pieces; 3d4, fixing bolt;
4. a yielding induction mechanism; 4a, a second housing; 4b, a first fixing plate; 4b1, a second sliding seat; 4c, rotating the sleeve; 4c1, scroll guide; 4d, rotating the mounting seat; 4e, a rotary induction current generator; 4e1, a first mounting shell; 4e2, induction coil; 4e3, magnet; 4f, a torsion spring;
5. a magnetorheological damper; 5a, a third shell; 5b, a second fixing plate; 5b1, third sliding seat; 5c, fixing the sleeve; 5c1, third retainer ring; 5d, sliding the sleeve; 5d1 and a liquid guide port; 5e, a second installation shell; 5f, an electromagnet; 5g of magnetorheological fluid; 5h, fixing a ring; 5j, a rotating seat; 5k, a spring;
6. and supporting the backing plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, a magnetorheological fluid support anchor rod is provided, which comprises a yielding anchor shell 1, an anchor rod body 2, a yielding buffer mechanism 3, a yielding induction mechanism 4, a magnetorheological damper 5, a support base plate 6 and a controller, wherein the yielding buffer mechanism 3 is coaxially arranged inside the yielding anchor shell 1, the bottom end of the anchor rod body 2 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the bottom end of a working part of the yielding buffer mechanism 3, the yielding induction mechanism 4 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the anchor rod body 2, the working end of the magnetorheological damper 5 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the top end of the anchor rod body 2, the support base plate 6 is coaxially arranged at the top end of the magnetorheological damper 5, and the yielding induction mechanism 4 and the magnetorheological damper 5 are both electrically connected with the controller.
When in use, the yielding anchor shell 1 is vertically arranged in the surrounding rock downwards, the supporting base plate 6 is parallel to the horizontal plane of the surrounding rock, after the construction is in place, if the surrounding rock or a slope sliding body deforms, the stress of the yielding mechanism is increased, and the bottom end of the anchor rod body 2 slides at the working end of the yielding buffer mechanism 3 until the stress reaches the designed yielding resistance, so that the slippage of the anchor rod body 2 is reduced through the yielding buffer mechanism 3, and when the anchor rod body 2 generates the displacement relative to the fixed end of the yielding induction mechanism 4, the yielding induction mechanism 4 generates induction current in time, so that the induction current is transmitted to the controller in time through a circuit, the controller controls the magneto-rheological damper 5, the damping force of the magneto-rheological damper 5 can be adjusted through the magnetic field intensity, the magneto-rheological damper 5 increases the damping effect, and the pressure of the anchor rod body 2 is reduced under the resistance action of the yielding buffer mechanism 3 and the magneto-rheological damper 5, make the stock body 2 can bear bigger effort to accomplish and let the pressure process, thereby guarantee the stock body 2, let and press buffer gear 3 and let the overall stability who presses induction mechanism 4.
The pressure-yielding anchor shell 1 comprises a first shell 1a and a bottom plate 1b, wherein the bottom plate 1b is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the first shell 1 a; the pressure yielding buffer mechanism 3 comprises a shearing head 3a, a pressure yielding piece 3b and a second fixing ring 3c, an inner thread groove 3a1 is coaxially arranged at the top end of a thin opening of the shearing head 3a, the second fixing ring 3c is coaxially arranged in the first shell 1a at equal intervals, one end, facing the shearing head 3a, of the second fixing ring 3c is coaxially provided with an inner thread groove 3a1, a first fixing ring 3b1 is coaxially arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the pressure yielding piece 3b, the pressure yielding piece 3b is coaxially arranged on the placement groove through the first fixing ring 3b1, a through hole 3b2 is coaxially arranged on the pressure yielding piece 3b, strip-shaped openings 3b3 are uniformly distributed along the radial direction, the bottom end enables the pressure yielding piece 3b to be abutted against the thin opening end of the shearing head 3a, the anchor rod body 2 coaxially penetrates through the top end of the first shell 1a and is screwed with the inner thread groove 3a1 coaxially, and the anchor rod body 2 is coaxially matched with the through hole 3b2 in a sliding mode.
The bottom plate 1b is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the first shell 1a, the top end of the narrow opening of the shearing head 3a is coaxially provided with an inner thread groove 3a1, the second fixing ring 3c is coaxially arranged in the first shell 1a at equal intervals, one end of the second fixing ring 3c facing the shearing head 3a is coaxially provided with an inner thread groove 3a1, the outer circumferential surface of the pressure-yielding piece 3b is coaxially provided with a first fixing ring 3b1, the pressure-yielding piece 3b is coaxially arranged on the placing groove through the first fixing ring 3b1, the pressure-yielding piece 3b is coaxially provided with a through hole 3b2, the pressure-yielding piece 3b is further uniformly provided with a strip-shaped opening 3b3 along the radial direction, the bottom end enables the pressure-yielding piece 3b to be abutted against the narrow opening end of the shearing head 3a, the anchor rod body 2 coaxially penetrates through the top end of the first shell 1a and is coaxially screwed with the inner thread groove 3a1, the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod body 2 is coaxially matched with the through hole 3b2 in a sliding way, when surrounding rock is deformed, the pressure-yielding mechanism is gradually increased in stress, after the atress is greater than the design let press the resistance, let press buffer gear 3 begin to cut and let preforming 3b, thereby make let preforming 3b warp to the opposite side, thereby the butt lets preforming 3b on the opposite side, thereby provide the compressive resistance, make the stock 2 stop to continue to slide, when pressure increases once more, let preforming 3b continue to cut the second piece and let preforming 3b, make the second piece let preforming 3b extrusion deformation to the opposite side from letting the place of preforming 3b, thereby make and let preforming 3b make to slide to shearing head 3a and realize the hysteresis, prevent that shearing head 3a is used for lacking follow-up resistance and slides suddenly under the surrounding rock traction, and then prevent that stock 2 from receiving big impact and breaking or pulling out, cause and collapse, through letting preforming 3b let press the deformation in succession, make the structure more stable.
The bottom end of the anchor rod body 2 is coaxially provided with a groove 2 a; the pressure-yielding buffer mechanism 3 further comprises a self-locking device 3d, the self-locking device 3d comprises a fixing column 3d1, a limiting ring 3d2, an umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring piece 3d3 and a fixing bolt 3d4, the fixing column 3d1 is coaxially arranged at the bottom end inside an internal thread groove 3a1, the limiting ring 3d2 is coaxially arranged at the bottom end inside a groove 2a, a concave surface of the umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring piece 3d3 faces downwards and is coaxially arranged at the top end of the fixing column 3d1 through the fixing bolt 3d4, the umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring piece 3d3 is radially provided with an opening, the maximum outer diameter of the umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring piece 3d3 is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring 3d2, and in the working state, the umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring piece 3d3 is coaxially clamped inside the groove and the edge of the limiting ring 3d2 is abutted to the top end.
The bottom end of the anchor rod body 2 is coaxially provided with a groove 2a, the fixed column 3d1 is coaxially arranged at the bottom end inside the internal thread groove 3a1, the limiting ring 3d2 is coaxially arranged at the bottom end in the groove 2a, the concave surface of the umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring piece 3d3 faces downwards and is coaxially arranged at the top end of the fixed column 3d1 through a fixed bolt 3d4, the umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring piece 3d3 is provided with an opening along the radial direction, the maximum outer diameter of the umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring piece 3d3 is larger than the inner diameter of the limiting ring 3d2, under the working state, the umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring piece 3d3 is coaxially clamped in the groove, the edge of the umbrella-shaped opening and closing spring piece abuts against the top end of the limiting ring 3d2, the anchor rod body 2 can be completely fixed on the anchor rod body 2 through the self-locking device 3d, thereby prevent to let and press the in-process, cut head 3a and break away from the stock body 2, through umbelliform spring leaf 3d3 joint that opens and shuts in recess 2a, realize the chucking lock effect of dying to prevent to let and press the process unstability.
Let and press 1 top of ground tackle shell still coaxial being provided with first sliding seat 1c, and the stock body 2 through first sliding seat 1c with let and press 3 coaxial sliding fit of buffer gear to make the stock body 2 can let and press 1 inside slip of ground tackle shell, thereby be convenient for install earlier stage and follow-up let press stably.
The rotary induction current generator 4e comprises a first installation shell 4e1, an induction coil 4e2 and a magnet 4e3, wherein the first installation shell 4e1 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotary sleeve 4c, the induction coil 4e2 is coaxially arranged outside the rotary sleeve 4c, the magnet 4e3 is coaxially arranged on the inner wall of the second installation shell, and the induction coil 4e2 is electrically connected with the controller through a connecting wire.
The first mounting shell 4e1 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotating sleeve 4c, the induction coil 4e2 is coaxially arranged outside the rotating sleeve 4c, the magnet 4e3 is coaxially arranged on the inner wall of the second housing, and the induction coil 4e2 is electrically connected with the controller through a connecting wire, so that when the induction coil 4e2 rotates relative to the first mounting shell 4e1, the induction coil 4e2 cuts off the magnetic field effect of the magnet 4e3, and the electromagnetic induction effect enables the induction coil 4e2 to generate weak current, so that the weak current is transmitted to the controller through the connecting wire and is processed by the controller.
Let and press induction mechanism 4 still including torsional spring 4f, the coaxial cover of torsional spring 4f is established on first arrangement shell 4e1, torsional spring 4f both ends respectively with rotatory mount pad 4d and the welding of first arrangement shell 4e1 to make when rotatory sleeve 4c relative rotation mount pad 4d takes place to rotate, can make rotatory sleeve 4c receive opposite direction effort through torsional spring 4f, thereby the stock body 2 of being convenient for can more stably rotate and slide.
The magnetorheological damper 5 comprises a third shell 5a, a second fixed plate 5b, a fixed sleeve 5c, a sliding sleeve 5d, a second installation shell 5e, an electromagnet 5f and magnetorheological fluid 5g, wherein the second fixed plate 5b is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the third shell 5a, a third sliding seat 5b1 is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the second fixed plate 5b, the top end of an anchor rod body 2 is coaxially and slidably connected with the third shell 5a through a third sliding seat 5b1, the fixed sleeve 5c is coaxially arranged at the top end of the anchor rod body 2, third fixed rings 5c1 are coaxially arranged at both ends of the fixed sleeve 5c, the sliding sleeve 5d is coaxially arranged outside the fixed sleeve 5c through the third fixed rings 5c1, the outer wall of the fixed sleeve 5c and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 5d form a cavity, the second installation shell 5e is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the cavity, the electromagnet 5f is arranged in the second installation shell 5e, the electromagnet 5f is electrically connected with the controller through a connecting line, the magnetorheological fluid 5g is filled in the third shell 5a, and the sliding sleeve 5d is uniformly provided with fluid guide ports 5d1 along the axial direction.
The second fixing plate 5b is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the third shell 5a, the bottom end of the second fixing plate 5b is coaxially provided with a third sliding seat 5b1, the top end of the anchor rod body 2 is coaxially and slidably connected with the third shell 5a through a third sliding seat 5b1, the fixing sleeve 5c is coaxially arranged at the top end of the anchor rod body 2, two ends of the fixing sleeve 5c are coaxially provided with a third fixing ring 5c1, the sliding sleeve 5d is coaxially arranged outside the fixing sleeve 5c through a third fixing ring 5c1, the outer wall of the fixing sleeve 5c and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 5d form a cavity, the second arranging shell 5e is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the cavity, the electromagnet 5f is arranged in the second arranging shell 5e, the electromagnet 5f is electrically connected with the controller through a connecting wire, the magnetorheological fluid 5g is filled in the third shell 5a, the sliding sleeve 5d is axially and uniformly provided with fluid guide ports 5d1, when the controller controls the electromagnet 5f to generate a magnetic field, because the magnetorheological fluid 5g is filled in the third shell 5a, the magnetorheological fluid 5g is changed from the original Newtonian fluid into the Bingham fluid, the viscosity is higher, and a certain shearing force can be generated, so that the fixed sleeve 5c and the sliding sleeve 5d can not slide in the third shell 5a, the acting force of the whole of the pressure yielding mechanism and the anchor rod body 2 on the supporting base plate 6 is reduced, the supporting base plate 6 is prevented from being loosened by stress, and the normal work of the whole of the pressure yielding mechanism and the anchor rod body 2 is guaranteed; the liquid guide port 5d1 is convenient for the normal flow of the magnetorheological fluid 5g under the condition that the surrounding rock is not deformed.
The magneto-rheological damper 5 further comprises a fixed ring 5h, a bearing, a rotating seat 5j and a spring 5k, wherein the fixed ring 5h is coaxially arranged at the top end inside the third shell 5a, a bearing outer ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the fixed ring 5h, the rotating seat 5j is coaxially and fixedly connected with a bearing inner ring, the spring 5k is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the rotating seat 5j, and the two ends of the spring 5k are respectively welded with the bottom end of the rotating seat 5j and the top end of the anchor rod body 2.
The coaxial setting of retainer plate 5h is on the inside top of third shell 5a, and the coaxial fixed connection of bearing inner race and retainer plate 5h, and rotate seat 5j and the coaxial fixed connection of bearing inner race, the coaxial setting of spring 5k is rotating seat 5j bottom, the welding is rotated seat 5j bottom and the 2 tops of the stock body respectively at spring 5k both ends, when the 2 tops of the stock body slide or rotate in third shell 5a is inside, spring 5k can provide the pulling force, the bearing can relative slip and do not influence the stock body 2 and rotate.
The top end of the support base plate 6 is also provided with a fixing lug along the axial direction, so that other workpieces can be conveniently and subsequently installed through the fixing lug.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when in use, the pressure-yielding anchorage device shell 1 is vertically arranged downwards in the surrounding rock, the supporting base plate 6 is parallel to the horizontal plane of the surrounding rock, after the construction is in place, if the surrounding rock or a slope sliding body deforms, the stress of the pressure-yielding mechanism is increased, until the stress reaches the designed pressure-yielding resistance, the pressure-yielding buffer mechanism 3 starts to shear the pressure-yielding sheet 3b, so that the pressure-yielding sheet 3b deforms towards the other side, and is abutted against the pressure-yielding sheet 3b on the other side, so that the pressure resistance is provided, the anchor rod body 2 stops continuing sliding, when the pressure is increased again, the pressure-yielding sheet 3b continues to shear the second pressure-yielding sheet 3b, the second pressure-yielding sheet 3b enables the pressure-yielding sheet 3b to extrude and deform from the pressure-yielding sheet 3b to the pressure-yielding sheet 3b towards the other side, so that the pressure-yielding sheet 3b realizes the hysteresis effect on the shearing head 3a sliding, and prevents the subsequent sudden sliding of the pressure-yielding sheet 3a from being used for lacking the subsequent resistance under the traction effect of the surrounding rock, further, the anchor rod body 2 is prevented from being broken or pulled out by large impact to cause collapse, the pressing sheet 3b is allowed to continuously give pressure and deform, so that the structure is more stable, when the anchor rod body 2 generates displacement relative to the fixed end of the pressure giving induction mechanism 4, the sliding block 2b slides in the scroll-shaped guide groove 4c1, due to the structural characteristics of the scroll-shaped guide groove 4c1, the rotating sleeve 4c synchronously rotates on the rotating mounting seat 4d, so that the driving end of the rotary induced current generator 4e installed outside the rotating mounting seat 4d coaxially rotates, so that the driving end of the rotary induced current generator 4e rotates relative to the magnetic end of the rotary induced current generator 4e, so that the rotary induced current generator 4e generates induced current, and the induced current is timely transmitted to the controller through a circuit, so that the controller controls the magnetorheological damper 5 to generate a magnetic field, because the magnetorheological suspensions 5g are full of inside the third shell 5a to make the magnetorheological suspensions 5g become Bingham's fluid by original Newton's fluid, have great adhesion degree, can produce certain shearing force, thereby make fixed sleeve 5c and sliding sleeve 5d unable the slip in the inside of third shell 5a, thereby reduce and let the whole effort to the supporting pad 6 of pressure mechanism and stock body 2, prevent that the supporting pad 6 atress is not hard up, provide the guarantee for letting the whole normal work of pressure mechanism and stock body 2.
Claims (3)
1. A magnetorheological fluid support anchor rod is characterized by comprising a yielding anchor shell, an anchor rod body, a yielding buffer mechanism, a yielding induction mechanism, a magnetorheological damper, a support base plate and a controller, wherein the yielding buffer mechanism is coaxially arranged inside the yielding anchor shell, the bottom end of the anchor rod body is coaxially and fixedly connected with the bottom end of a working part of the yielding buffer mechanism, the yielding induction mechanism is coaxially and fixedly connected with the anchor rod body, the working end of the magnetorheological damper is coaxially and fixedly connected with the top end of the anchor rod body, the support base plate is coaxially arranged at the top end of the magnetorheological damper, and the yielding induction mechanism and the magnetorheological damper are both electrically connected with the controller;
the pressure-yielding anchor shell comprises a first shell and a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the first shell; the pressure relieving buffer mechanism comprises a shearing head, a pressure relieving sheet and a second fixing ring, wherein an inner thread groove is coaxially arranged at the top end of a thin opening of the shearing head, the second fixing ring is coaxially arranged in the first shell at equal intervals, a first fixing ring is coaxially arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the pressure relieving sheet, the pressure relieving sheet is coaxially arranged on the placing groove through the first fixing ring, a through hole is coaxially arranged on the pressure relieving sheet, strip-shaped openings are uniformly distributed on the pressure relieving sheet along the radial direction, the pressure relieving sheet is abutted against the thin opening end of the shearing head at the bottommost end, an anchor rod body coaxially penetrates through the top end of the first shell and is coaxially screwed with the inner thread groove, and the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod body is coaxially matched with the through hole in a sliding manner;
the top end of the pressure-yielding anchor shell is also coaxially provided with a first sliding seat, and the anchor rod body is coaxially and slidably matched with the pressure-yielding buffer mechanism through the first sliding seat; sliding blocks are uniformly distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the anchor rod body along the axial direction; the pressure yielding induction mechanism comprises a second shell, a first fixing plate, a rotary sleeve, a rotary mounting seat and a rotary induction current generator, wherein the first fixing plate is coaxially arranged at two ends of the second shell;
the rotary induction current generator comprises a first mounting shell, an induction coil and a magnet, wherein the first mounting shell is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotary sleeve, the induction coil is coaxially arranged outside the rotary sleeve, and the induction coil is electrically connected with the controller through a connecting wire;
the magnetorheological damper comprises a third shell, a second fixing plate, a fixing sleeve, a sliding sleeve, a second arranging shell, an electromagnet and magnetorheological fluid, wherein the second fixing plate is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the third shell, a third sliding seat is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the second fixing plate, the top end of an anchor rod body is coaxially and slidably connected with the third shell through the third sliding seat, the fixing sleeve is coaxially arranged at the top end of the anchor rod body, third fixing rings are coaxially arranged at two ends of the fixing sleeve, the sliding sleeve is coaxially arranged outside the fixing sleeve through the third fixing rings, a cavity is formed by the outer wall of the fixing sleeve and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, the second arranging shell is coaxially and fixedly arranged in the cavity, the electromagnet is arranged in the second arranging shell, the electromagnet is electrically connected with a controller through a connecting wire, the magnetorheological fluid is filled in the third shell, and liquid guide ports are uniformly distributed in the sliding sleeve along the axial direction;
the magnetorheological damper also comprises a fixed ring, a bearing, a rotating seat and a spring, wherein the fixed ring is coaxially arranged at the top end in the third shell, the outer ring of the bearing is coaxially and fixedly connected with the fixed ring, the rotating seat is coaxially and fixedly connected with the inner ring of the bearing, the spring is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the rotating seat, and the two ends of the spring are respectively welded with the bottom end of the rotating seat and the top end of the anchor rod body;
the pressure yielding sensing mechanism further comprises a torsion spring, the torsion spring is coaxially sleeved on the first arranging shell, and two ends of the torsion spring are respectively welded with the rotary mounting seat and the first arranging shell.
2. The magnetorheological fluid support anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the anchor rod body is coaxially provided with a groove; let and press buffer still including self-lock device, self-lock device is including the fixed column, the spacing collar, umbelliform spring leaf and the fixing bolt that opens and shuts, the coaxial setting of spacing collar is in the inside bottom of recess, the umbelliform spring leaf concave surface that opens and shuts down passes through the coaxial setting of fixing bolt on the fixed column top down, the umbelliform spring leaf that opens and shuts radially is provided with the opening, the umbelliform spring leaf external diameter of opening and shutting maximum is greater than the spacing collar internal diameter, under the operating condition, the coaxial joint of umbelliform spring leaf that opens and shuts is in the recess inside and the butt of edge at the spacing collar top.
3. The magnetorheological fluid support anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the top end of the support cushion plate is further provided with a fixing lug along the axial direction.
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| CN112901232B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2023-01-17 | 广西大学 | Multistage pressure stock that lets of compensation prestressing force loss |
| CN114086996B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-12-01 | 重庆大学 | Hierarchical energy-absorbing self-starting anti-impact device and method |
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