CN111357438A

CN111357438A - Adjustable quantitative seeder

Info

Publication number: CN111357438A
Application number: CN202010271012.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁晓艳; 郭洪恩; 顾寅钰; 王向誉; 李萌; 马兰; 衣葵花; 宋延静
Original assignee: Shandong Sericultural Research Institute
Current assignee: Shandong Sericultural Research Institute
Priority date: 2020-04-08
Filing date: 2020-04-08
Publication date: 2020-07-03
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-08
Also published as: CN111357438B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of manual sowing tools, in particular to an adjustable quantitative seeder, which comprises a barrel, a seed hopper, a sowing quantity adjusting mechanism, a flashboard mechanism, a plate turnover mechanism and a duckbill mechanism, wherein the barrel is provided with a seed hopper; the seeding rate adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting plate, an adjusting nut and an adjusting bolt; the shutter mechanism comprises a shutter unit, a switch plate and a spring, wherein the shutter unit comprises a shutter, a vertical sliding rod and a first connecting rod; the turning plate mechanism comprises a turning plate, a first crank, a spring piece, a movable handle, a torsion spring and a second connecting rod; the duckbill mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the barrel and comprises a first duckbill body, a second crank and a third connecting rod; the adjustable quantitative seeder of the invention realizes quantitative and adjustable seeding of seeds, and simultaneously realizes pit digging and seed discharging, and has convenient operation and high efficiency.

Description

Adjustable quantitative seeder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of manual sowing tools, in particular to an adjustable quantitative sowing device.

Background

Hole sowing is to dig a pit on the surface of a field ridge, then sow the pit, then cover soil, and each hole can be sown with one or a plurality of seeds, which are respectively called single-seed precision sowing or multi-seed hole sowing and are suitable for crops such as corn, cotton, beet, sunflower, beans, peanuts and the like. The seeding quantity is related to the yield of crops, and the quantitative seeder is beneficial to improving the quantitative seeding efficiency and reducing the labor intensity.

CN208624079U discloses a handheld disseminator of lansel, which comprises a supporting frame, a handle, the seed is fought, ration seed taking mechanism and seeding dish, the seed is fought and is fixed on the support frame, handle and support frame fixed connection, ration seed taking mechanism connects the lower extreme at the seed is fought, be equipped with the main shaft of a fixed setting on the support frame, seeding dish rotates and sets up on the main shaft, be equipped with the seeding awl fill on the circumference of seeding dish, be equipped with the open and shut control mechanism that control seeding awl fill was opened between seeding dish and the support frame, ration seed taking mechanism is fought from the seed internal fixed volume seed and is transferred to in the seeding awl fill. This handheld disseminator utilizes the ration to get kind of mechanism and from the seed fill in the ration extraction seed and transfer to the seeding awl fill, because the seeding dish rolls at seeding soil surface through the seeding awl fill, opens the function that realizes pressing the cave after the seeding awl fill inserts in the soil, consequently, this handheld disseminator only is applicable to smooth arable land, is not suitable for the seeding in hills, mountain region. In addition, although the handheld seeder can perform quantitative seeding, the amount of seeding per time cannot be adjusted according to the needs of the type of crops and the like.

CN208971952U discloses a portable seeder, which mainly comprises a seed box, a seeding cylinder, a seed control assembly and a seed adapting and adjusting piece; the upper bottom surface of the seed box is provided with a seed adding hole, and the lower bottom surface of the seed box is provided with a seed leaking hole; the seeding cylinder comprises a conical cylinder, a cylinder and seeding feet, the conical cylinder is in threaded connection with the seed box, and an observation window, a mud scraping assembly and a pedal rod channel are arranged on the cylinder. The portable seeder has the following disadvantages: (1) the portable seeder adopts the matching use of the seed control assembly and the seed leaking hole, and the overlapping and the separation of the rotor plate and the seed leaking hole are realized by rotating the handle, so that the seeding of seeds is controlled, therefore, when the rotor plate is separated from the seed leaking hole, the seeds can continuously enter the seeding cylinder from the seed box, the seeding amount is controlled by an operator according to experience, and the quantitative seeding cannot be realized; (2) when the seeding foot blocks up, step on the foot lever with the foot, the foot lever drives the mud scraper and scrapes the earth of jam, withdraws the foot after, under the pulling force effect of spring, foot lever and mud scraper reset, because the mud scraper is the same with the shape at seeding angle, therefore the same easy earth of mud scraper blocks up.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides an adjustable quantitative seeder, which realizes the quantitative and seeding of seeds in a quantitative cavity by controlling the alternate action of a flashboard mechanism and a plate turning mechanism, is convenient to operate and can improve the quantitative seeding efficiency; the seeding rate can be quickly and conveniently adjusted according to requirements (such as crop types or seed specifications) through the seeding rate adjusting mechanism, so that the application range of the adjustable quantitative seeder is expanded; the plate turnover mechanism and the duckbill mechanism can simultaneously act by operating the movable handle, so that pit digging and seed discharging are simultaneously realized, the operation is convenient, the efficiency is high, and the lower port of the seed falling cavity can be effectively prevented from being blocked by soil.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: an adjustable quantitative seeder comprises a barrel, a seed hopper, a seeding rate adjusting mechanism, a flashboard mechanism, a panel turnover mechanism and a duckbill mechanism;

the section of the inner cavity of the barrel is rectangular, the inner cavity of the barrel is sequentially provided with a seed inlet cavity, a seed measuring cavity and a seed dropping cavity from top to bottom, and the barrel is fixedly provided with a fixed handle;

the seed hopper is fixedly connected with the cylinder body, and the inner cavity of the seed hopper is communicated with the seed inlet cavity;

the seeding rate adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting plate, an adjusting nut and an adjusting bolt; the adjusting plate is vertically arranged and can be horizontally and slidably arranged in the seed measuring cavity, and the adjusting plate and the inner wall of the cylinder body surround to form a quantitative cavity; the adjusting nut is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the barrel, the axis of the adjusting nut is in the horizontal direction, the adjusting bolt is in threaded fit with the adjusting nut, the inner end of the adjusting bolt is rotatably connected with the adjusting plate, and the outer end of the adjusting bolt extends to the outside of the barrel;

the shutter mechanism comprises a shutter unit, a switch plate and a spring, wherein the shutter unit comprises a shutter, a vertical sliding rod and a first connecting rod; the gate plate can horizontally slide to penetrate through the cylinder body, and the horizontal sliding of the gate plate can enable the seed inlet cavity to be communicated with or separated from the quantitative cavity; the vertical sliding rod is vertically and slidably arranged on the outer wall of the barrel, two ends of the first connecting rod are respectively pivoted with the vertical sliding rod and the flashboard, and the vertical sliding of the vertical sliding rod can drive the flashboard to slide left and right through the first connecting rod; the switch plate is fixedly connected with the vertical sliding rod, and the spring is arranged between the switch plate and the top of the cylinder body;

the turning plate mechanism comprises a turning plate, a first crank, a spring piece, a movable handle, a torsion spring and a second connecting rod; the turning plate is positioned in the inner cavity of the barrel, one end of the turning plate is pivoted with the barrel, and the swinging of the turning plate can enable the quantitative cavity and the seed dropping cavity to be communicated or separated; the first crank is pivoted with the turning plate; the spring piece is arranged below the turning plate, one end of the spring piece is fixedly connected with the first crank, and the other end of the spring piece is contacted with the turning plate; the movable handle is pivoted with the fixed handle, and the torsion spring is arranged between the movable handle and the fixed handle; two ends of the second connecting rod are respectively pivoted with the movable handle and the first crank, and the swing of the movable handle can drive the first crank to swing through the second connecting rod;

the duckbill mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the barrel and comprises a first duckbill body, a second crank and a third connecting rod; the first duckbill body is pivoted to the barrel body, and the swinging of the first duckbill body can open or close the lower port of the seed falling cavity; the second crank is fixedly connected with the first duckbill body; the two ends of the third connecting rod are respectively pivoted with the first crank and the second crank, and the first crank can swing through the third connecting rod to drive the second crank to swing.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the flashboard units are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of flashboard units are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the barrel; the seeding rate adjusting mechanisms are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of seeding rate adjusting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the barrel body; the switch board is characterized by further comprising a limiting bolt, wherein the limiting bolt is located above the top of the barrel and is in threaded connection with the switch board, and the axis of the limiting bolt is in the vertical direction. By adopting the technical scheme, the movement stroke of the flashboards of each group of flashboard units can be reduced by arranging two groups of symmetrical flashboard units, so that the flashboards are easy to reset; secondly, after having adjusted the position of regulating plate through seeding volume adjustment mechanism, through twisting spacing bolt, can adjust the removal stroke of cubical switchboard to prevent to cause the seed to fall into the volume kind chamber space in non-ration chamber because of the flashboard aperture is too big, and then lead to the regulating plate because of being blocked by the seed and can't the callback.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the duckbill mechanism also comprises a second duckbill body, a third crank, a fourth crank and a fourth connecting rod; the first duckbill body and the second duckbill body are respectively pivoted on two sides of the barrel body, and the swing of the first duckbill body and the second duckbill body can open or close the lower port of the seed falling cavity; third crank and first duckbilled body fixed connection, fourth crank and second duckbilled body fixed connection, the both ends of fourth connecting rod respectively with third crank and fourth crank pin joint, the forward swing of the first duckbilled body can be through third crank, fourth crank and the reverse swing of fourth connecting rod drive second duckbilled body.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the longitudinal sections of the first duck mouth body and the second duck mouth body are both right-angled triangles.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the inner end of the flashboard is provided with a chamfer. By adopting the technical scheme, the chamfer angle can smoothly insert the seeds when the flashboard is reset so as to lead the seed inlet cavity and the quantitative cavity to be separated.

Compared with the prior art, the adjustable quantitative seeder has the beneficial effects that: (1) the quantitative sowing of seeds in the quantitative cavity is realized by controlling the alternate action of the flashboard mechanism and the plate turnover mechanism, the operation is convenient, and the quantitative sowing efficiency can be improved; (2) the seeding rate can be quickly and conveniently adjusted according to requirements (such as crop types or seed specifications) through the seeding rate adjusting mechanism, so that the application range of the adjustable quantitative seeder is expanded; (3) the plate turnover mechanism and the duckbill mechanism can simultaneously act by operating the movable handle, so that pit digging and seed discharging are simultaneously realized, the operation is convenient, the efficiency is high, and the lower port of the seed falling cavity can be effectively prevented from being blocked by soil; (4) when the flashboard is reset, the seeds can extrude the turning plate and enable the turning plate to overcome the elasticity of the spring piece to swing downwards for a certain angle, so that the flashboard is prevented from being clamped by the seeds or the flashboard clamps the seeds; (5) the adjustable quantitative seeder has small size, does not need to roll on the land during seeding, and is suitable for seeding in hills and mountains.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an adjustable quantitative seeder according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the adjustable quantitative seeder of the embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a portion C in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a reference diagram showing a state of use of the shutter mechanism in the embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of a portion E in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged view of a portion F in fig. 7.

FIG. 10 is a reference view showing the operation state of the adjustable quantitative seeder when the movable handle is held and pressed according to the embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a partially enlarged view of a portion G in fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along the direction H-H in fig. 4.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a cylinder body, 2, a seed hopper, 3, a seed feeding cavity, 4, a seed measuring cavity, 5, a seed falling cavity, 6, a fixed handle, 7, a switch plate, 8, a spring, 9, a gate plate, 10, a vertical sliding rod, 11, a first connecting rod, 12, a turning plate, 13, a first crank, 14, a movable handle, 15, a torsion spring, 16, a second connecting rod, 17, a first duck mouth body, 18, a second crank, 19, a third connecting rod, 20, a second duck mouth body, 21, a third crank, 22, a fourth crank, 23, a fourth connecting rod, 24, a chamfer, 25, an adjusting plate, 26, an adjusting nut, 27, an adjusting bolt, 28, a quantitative cavity, 29, a spring leaf, 30 and a limiting bolt.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present invention, the following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-12, an adjustable quantitative seeder comprises a barrel 1, a seed hopper 2, a seeding rate adjusting mechanism, a gate mechanism, a flap mechanism and a duckbill mechanism.

As shown in fig. 4 and 7, the inner cavity of the cylinder 1 has a rectangular cross section, and in this embodiment, the cylinder 1 has a square tube shape. The inner cavity of the barrel body 1 is sequentially provided with a seed inlet cavity 3, a seed measuring cavity 4 and a seed falling cavity 5 from top to bottom.

As shown in fig. 7, a fixed handle 6 is fixedly arranged on the front side wall of the cylinder 1, and the fixed handle 6 is horizontally arranged.

As shown in fig. 7, the seed hopper 2 is fixedly connected with the rear side wall of the cylinder 1, and the inner cavity of the seed hopper is communicated with the seed inlet cavity 3, and seeds in the seed hopper 2 enter the seed inlet cavity 3 under the action of self gravity.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6 and 12, the sowing amount adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting plate 25, an adjusting nut 26, and an adjusting bolt 27. The seeding rate adjustment mechanism is provided with two sets, and the seeding rate adjustment mechanism of two sets is at the left and right sides symmetry setting of barrel 1. The adjusting plate 25 is vertically arranged and can be installed in the seed measuring cavity 4 in a left-right sliding mode, and the adjusting plate 25 and the inner wall of the barrel body 1 are surrounded to form a quantitative cavity 28. The adjusting nut 26 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the barrel 1, the axis of the adjusting nut 26 is in the horizontal direction, the adjusting bolt 27 is a butterfly bolt, the adjusting bolt 27 is in threaded fit with the adjusting nut 26, the inner end of the adjusting bolt 27 is rotatably connected with the adjusting plate 25, and the outer end of the adjusting bolt 27 extends to the outside of the barrel 1.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the shutter mechanism includes a shutter unit, a switch plate 7, and a spring 8. The flashboard units are arranged in two groups, and the flashboard units are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the barrel body 1. The shutter unit includes a shutter 9, a vertical sliding rod 10, and a first link 11. The gate plate 9 can slide left and right to penetrate through the cylinder body 1, and the horizontal sliding of the gate plate 9 can enable the seed inlet cavity 3 to be communicated with or separated from the quantitative cavity 28. The inner end of the shutter 9 is provided with a chamfer 24. But vertical slide bar 10 vertical slip installs on the outer wall of barrel 1, the both ends of first connecting rod 11 respectively with vertical slide bar 10 and flashboard 9 pin joint, barrel 1, vertical slide bar 10, first connecting rod 11 and flashboard 9 constitute two slider mechanisms, consequently vertical slip of vertical slide bar 10 can be through the left and right slip of first connecting rod 11 drive flashboard 9. The switch board 7 is fixedly connected with a vertical sliding rod 10. The spring 8 is arranged between the switch plate 7 and the top of the cylinder 1 to reset the switch plate 7.

As shown in fig. 8, the flap mechanism includes a flap 12, a first crank 13, a spring plate 29, a movable handle 14, a torsion spring 15, and a second link 16. The turning plate 12 is positioned in the inner cavity of the barrel 1, one end of the turning plate is pivoted with the front side wall of the barrel 1, and the swing of the turning plate 12 can enable the quantitative cavity 28 and the seed dropping cavity 5 to be communicated or separated. The first crank 13 is pivoted with the turning plate 12. The spring leaf 29 is arranged below the turning plate 12, one end of the spring leaf 29 is fixedly connected with the first crank 13, and the other end of the spring leaf 29 is contacted with the turning plate 12. The movable handle 14 is pivoted with the fixed handle 6. The torsion spring 15 is installed between the movable handle 14 and the fixed handle 6 to restore the movable handle 14. Two ends of the second connecting rod 16 are respectively pivoted with the movable handle 14 and the first crank 13, and the cylinder 1, the movable handle 14, the second connecting rod 16 and the first crank 16 form a double-rocker mechanism, so that the swing of the movable handle 14 can drive the first crank 13 to swing through the second connecting rod 16.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the switch device further comprises a limit bolt 30, the limit bolt 30 is a butterfly bolt, the limit bolt 30 is located above the top of the cylinder 1, the limit bolt 30 is in threaded connection with the switch plate 7, and the axis of the limit bolt 30 is vertical.

As shown in fig. 3, 9 and 11, the duckbill mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the barrel body 1, and comprises a first duckbill body 17, a second duckbill body 20, a third crank 21, a fourth crank 22, a fourth connecting rod 23, a second crank 18 and a third connecting rod 19. The longitudinal section of the first duck mouth body 17 and the second duck mouth body 20 is a right triangle, and when the first duck mouth body 17 and the second duck mouth body 20 are buckled, an inverted cone structure is formed, so that the first duck mouth body and the second duck mouth body are easily inserted into soil. The first duck mouth body 17 and the second duck mouth body 20 are respectively pivoted on the front side and the rear side of the cylinder body 1, and the swing of the first duck mouth body 17 and the second duck mouth body 20 can open or close the lower port of the seed falling cavity 5. The third crank 21 is fixedly connected with the first duck mouth body 17, and the third crank 21 vertically extends upwards along the pivot point of the first duck mouth body 17 and the cylinder body 1. The fourth crank 22 is fixedly connected with the second duckbill body 20, the fourth crank 22 vertically extends downwards along the pivot point of the second duckbill body 20 and the barrel 1, and the length of the fourth crank 22 is equal to that of the third crank 21. And two ends of the fourth connecting rod 23 are respectively pivoted with the third crank 21 and the fourth crank 22. The cylinder 1, the third crank 21, the fourth crank 22 and the fourth connecting rod 23 form a reverse equal-length double-crank mechanism, so that the forward swing of the first duck mouth body 17 can drive the second duck mouth body 20 to reversely swing through the third crank 21, the fourth crank 22 and the fourth connecting rod 23. The second crank 18 is fixedly connected with the first duck mouth body 17. Two ends of the third connecting rod 19 are respectively pivoted with the first crank 13 and the second crank 18, and the cylinder 1, the first crank 13, the third connecting rod 19 and the second crank 18 form a double-rocker mechanism, so that the first crank 13 can swing by driving the second crank 18 to swing through the third connecting rod 19.

The working principle of the adjustable quantitative seeder in the embodiment is as follows: the operator holds the fixed handle 6 with one hand and inserts the adjustable quantitative seeder into the soil. Then, the switch board 7 is pressed to move the vertical sliding rod 10 downwards, the vertical sliding rod 10 drives the gate plate 9 to translate towards the left and the right through the first connecting rod 11, so that the seed inlet cavity 3 is communicated with the quantitative cavity 28 (as shown in fig. 6), and the seeds in the seed inlet cavity 3 enter and fill the quantitative cavity 28. Then the switch board 7 is released, the flashboard 9 is reset under the action of the spring 8, and the inner end of the flashboard 9 is provided with a chamfer, so that the flashboard 9 can be smoothly inserted into the seeds when being reset, so that the seed inlet cavity 3 is separated from the quantitative cavity 28, and in addition, the seeds can extrude the turning board 12 and enable the turning board to downwards swing for a certain angle against the elastic force of the spring piece 29, so that the flashboard 9 is prevented from being clamped by the seeds or the flashboard 9 clamps the seeds. Then the movable handle 14 is held and pressed, as shown in fig. 10, the movable handle 14 drives the turning plate 12 to swing downwards through the second connecting rod 16 and the first crank 13, so that the quantitative cavity 28 is communicated with the seed dropping cavity 5; meanwhile, the first crank 13 drives the second crank 18 to swing through the third connecting rod 19 so as to enable the first duckbill body 17 to swing anticlockwise, and the first duckbill body 17 drives the second duckbill body 20 to swing clockwise through the third crank 21, the fourth connecting rod 23 and the fourth crank 22, so that the lower port of the seed falling cavity 5 is opened, and pit digging and seed sowing are completed. And finally, pulling the adjustable quantitative seeder out of the soil, releasing the movable handle 14, and resetting the plate turnover mechanism and the duckbill mechanism under the action of the torsion spring 15.

When the seeding amount needs to be adjusted, the adjusting bolt 27 is screwed to slide the adjusting plate 25 left and right, thereby adjusting the volume of the quantitative cavity 28. Meanwhile, the movement stroke of the switch plate 7 can be adjusted by screwing the limit bolt 30, so that the situation that seeds fall into the seed measuring cavity 4 space of the non-quantitative cavity 28 due to the fact that the opening degree of the flashboard 9 is too large is prevented, and the adjusting plate 25 cannot be adjusted back due to the fact that the adjusting plate is clamped by the seeds.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a ration disseminator with adjustable which characterized in that: comprises a cylinder body (1), a seed hopper (2), a seeding rate adjusting mechanism, a flashboard mechanism, a plate turnover mechanism and a duckbill mechanism;

the cross section of the inner cavity of the barrel body (1) is rectangular, the inner cavity of the barrel body (1) is sequentially provided with a seed inlet cavity (3), a seed measuring cavity (4) and a seed falling cavity (5) from top to bottom, and a fixed handle (6) is fixedly arranged on the barrel body (1);

the seed hopper (2) is fixedly connected with the cylinder body (1) and the inner cavity of the seed hopper is communicated with the seed inlet cavity (3);

the seeding rate adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting plate (25), an adjusting nut (26) and an adjusting bolt (27); the adjusting plate (25) is vertically arranged and can be horizontally and slidably arranged in the seed measuring cavity (4), and the adjusting plate (25) and the inner wall of the cylinder body (1) are enclosed to form a quantitative cavity (28); the adjusting nut (26) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the barrel body (1), the axis of the adjusting nut (26) is in the horizontal direction, the adjusting bolt (27) is in threaded fit with the adjusting nut (26), the inner end of the adjusting bolt (27) is rotatably connected with the adjusting plate (25), and the outer end of the adjusting bolt (27) extends to the outside of the barrel body (1);

the shutter mechanism comprises a shutter unit, a switch plate (7) and a spring (8), wherein the shutter unit comprises a shutter (9), a vertical sliding rod (10) and a first connecting rod (11); the gate plate (9) can horizontally slide to penetrate through the barrel body (1), and the horizontal sliding of the gate plate (9) can enable the seed inlet cavity (3) to be communicated with or separated from the quantitative cavity (28); the vertical sliding rod (10) is vertically slidably mounted on the outer wall of the barrel (1), two ends of the first connecting rod (11) are respectively pivoted with the vertical sliding rod (10) and the flashboard (9), and the vertical sliding of the vertical sliding rod (10) can drive the flashboard (9) to slide left and right through the first connecting rod (11); the switch plate (7) is fixedly connected with the vertical sliding rod (10), and the spring (8) is arranged between the switch plate (7) and the top of the cylinder body (1);

the turning plate mechanism comprises a turning plate (12), a first crank (13), a spring piece (29), a movable handle (14), a torsion spring (15) and a second connecting rod (16); the turning plate (12) is positioned in the inner cavity of the barrel body (1), one end of the turning plate is pivoted with the barrel body (1), and the swing of the turning plate (12) can enable the quantitative cavity (28) and the seed dropping cavity (5) to be communicated or separated; the first crank (13) is pivoted with the turning plate (12); the spring piece (29) is arranged below the turning plate (12), one end of the spring piece (29) is fixedly connected with the first crank (13), and the other end of the spring piece is contacted with the turning plate (12); the movable handle (14) is pivoted with the fixed handle (6), and the torsion spring (15) is arranged between the movable handle (14) and the fixed handle (6); two ends of the second connecting rod (16) are respectively pivoted with the movable handle (14) and the first crank (13), and the swing of the movable handle (14) can drive the first crank (13) to swing through the second connecting rod (16);

the duckbill mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the barrel body (1) and comprises a first duckbill body (17), a second crank (18) and a third connecting rod (19); the first duck mouth body (17) is pivoted to the barrel body (1), and the swing of the first duck mouth body (17) can open or close the lower port of the seed dropping cavity (5); the second crank (18) is fixedly connected with the first duck mouth body (17); two ends of the third connecting rod (19) are respectively pivoted with the first crank (13) and the second crank (18), and the first crank (13) can swing by driving the second crank (18) to swing through the third connecting rod (19).

2. The adjustable quantitative seeder of claim 1, wherein: the flashboard units are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of flashboard units are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the barrel (1); the seeding rate adjusting mechanisms are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of seeding rate adjusting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the barrel body (1); the novel switch cabinet is characterized by further comprising a limiting bolt (30), wherein the limiting bolt (30) is located above the top of the cylinder body (1), and the limiting bolt (30) is in threaded connection with the switch board (7) and the axis of the limiting bolt is in the vertical direction.

3. The adjustable quantitative seeder of claim 1, wherein: the duckbill mechanism also comprises a second duckbill body (20), a third crank (21), a fourth crank (22) and a fourth connecting rod (23); the first duck mouth body (17) and the second duck mouth body (20) are respectively pivoted to two sides of the cylinder body (1), and the swing of the first duck mouth body (17) and the second duck mouth body (20) can open or close the lower port of the seed dropping cavity (5); third crank (21) and first duckbill (17) fixed connection, fourth crank (22) and second duckbill (20) fixed connection, the both ends of fourth connecting rod (23) are respectively with third crank (21) and fourth crank (22) pin joint, the forward swing of first duckbill (17) can be through third crank (21), fourth crank (22) and fourth connecting rod (23) drive second duckbill (20) reverse swing.

4. The adjustable quantitative seeder of claim 3, wherein: the longitudinal sections of the first duck mouth body (17) and the second duck mouth body (20) are both right-angled triangles.

5. The adjustable quantitative seeder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the inner end of the flashboard (9) is provided with a chamfer (24).