CN111615894A

CN111615894A - Seed discharging unit for dibbling and drilling of crops

Info

Publication number: CN111615894A
Application number: CN202010609430.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐汉; 王金武; 徐常塑; 王振华; 姜业明; 王梓名
Original assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Current assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Priority date: 2020-06-29
Filing date: 2020-06-29
Publication date: 2020-09-04

Abstract

A seed sowing monomer for both crop dibbling and drill sowing belongs to agricultural machinery; the upper part and the lower part of the channel steel type single frame are respectively provided with a sliding plate with a strip-shaped seed filling opening, a switch baffle plate, a drilling and seeding pipeline, a dibbling and seeding pipeline and a two-way hydraulic oil cylinder, a seeding quantity adjusting plate with teeth and a gear shaft with a gear, a hand wheel and a locking nut are inserted on the sliding plate, the seed box and the closed baffle plate are arranged on the channel steel type single frame, a locking screw is arranged on the side wall of the channel steel type single frame, a wheel shaft with a land wheel is arranged on an oil cylinder rod of the two-way hydraulic oil cylinder through a shaft sleeve, the upper end and the lower end of a connecting rod are respectively hinged on the sliding plate and the land wheel, and the switch baffle plate is fixedly arranged; the single body can be used for both crop dibbling operation and drill seeding operation, realizes dual purposes, and has the characteristics of unique and novel structure, good universality, strong applicability, high utilization rate and simple and convenient adjustment operation.

Description

Seed discharging unit for dibbling and drilling of crops

Technical Field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a crop dibbling and drilling dual-purpose mechanical seed discharging monomer.

Background

At present, according to the difference of crop varieties, two types of point seeding or row seeding are respectively adopted, wherein a mechanical type outer grooved wheel seed sowing device is used for row seeding operation of wheat crops, and a mechanical type hole roller seed sowing device, a vertical disc seed sowing device and the like are only used for the row seeding operation, namely the existing mechanical type seed sowing device can not be used at the same time, the universality is poor, the utilization rate is reduced, and the machine purchasing cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of single use performance and poor universality in the prior art, the invention researches and designs the crop seeding and drilling dual-purpose seed discharging monomer with a new structure, and achieves the purposes of dual purposes of seeding and drilling operation, strong applicability, good universality, high utilization rate, simple and convenient adjustment operation and machine purchasing cost reduction.

The invention aims to realize the purposes that a sliding plate is arranged on the inner side part of the upper end of a channel steel type single frame in a longitudinally movable manner, a strip-shaped seed filling opening is longitudinally arranged on the sliding plate, a seeding amount adjusting plate with teeth is longitudinally movably inserted and arranged in the strip-shaped seed filling opening on the sliding plate, a gear shaft is rotatably and transversely arranged on the sliding plate at the position above the seeding amount adjusting plate, the gear is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the gear shaft and is meshed with the teeth on the seeding amount adjusting plate, and a hand wheel and a lock nut are respectively arranged on the two end parts of the outer side of the gear shaft; a seed box and a closed baffle are respectively arranged on the upper part of the channel steel type single frame and above the sliding plate, the seed box is communicated with a strip-shaped seed filling opening on the sliding plate, a locking screw is arranged on the side wall of the channel steel type single frame and at the outer side part of the sliding plate, and the inner end part of the locking screw is in extrusion contact fit with or separated from the extrusion contact fit with the outer side vertical surface of the sliding plate; the lower part of the channel steel type single frame is sequentially provided with a bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder, a dibbling and seed-sowing pipeline and a drilling and seed-sowing pipeline from front to back, an oil cylinder rod of the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder is fixedly provided with a shaft sleeve, a wheel shaft is rotatably inserted and arranged on the shaft sleeve, a land wheel is fixedly arranged on the wheel shaft, the lower end of a connecting rod is eccentrically hinged on the land wheel, the upper end of the connecting rod is hinged with a sliding plate, a switch baffle plate is arranged on the lower part of the channel steel type single frame and at the rear side of the drilling and seed-sowing pipeline through an adjusting locking plate, and the switch baffle plate and the drilling and seed-sowing pipeline are in insertion closing fit or are out of insertion fit, so that the seeding unit for dibbling crops and drilling and seed sowing is formed.

The invention adopts a brand new structure and combination mode, integrates the agricultural modes of dibbling and sowing of crops and the agricultural mode of drill sowing on one mechanical seed discharging monomer, realizes dual purposes, and has the characteristics of unique and novel structure, simple and convenient adjustment operation, good universality, strong applicability and high utilization rate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of a seed discharging unit for both crop dibbling and drill seeding;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top plan view of FIG. 1 with the seed box removed;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the slide plate assembly structure.

Description of part numbers in the figures:

1. the seed sowing machine comprises a channel steel type single frame, 2, a connecting rod, 3, a bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder, 4, a shaft sleeve, 5, a land wheel, 6, a wheel shaft, 7, a seed sowing and seeding pipeline, 8, a seed sowing and seeding pipeline, 9, a locking screw, 10, a strip-shaped seed filling port, 11, a closed baffle, 12, a switch baffle, 13, a seed box, 14, a sowing quantity adjusting plate, 15, a sliding plate, 16, a hand wheel, 17, adjusting locking plates, 18, a locking nut, 19, a gear shaft, 20, a gear, 21 and teeth.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the inventive embodiments is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. A crop dibble seeding and drill seeding dual-purpose seed sowing unit is characterized in that a sliding plate 15 is arranged on the inner side part of the upper end of a channel steel type unit frame 1 in a longitudinally movable mode, a strip-shaped seed filling opening 10 is longitudinally formed in the sliding plate 15, a seeding amount adjusting plate 14 with teeth 21 is arranged on the sliding plate 15 in an inserting mode and in a longitudinally movable mode in the strip-shaped seed filling opening 10, a gear shaft 19 is rotatably and transversely arranged on the sliding plate 15 above the seeding amount adjusting plate 14, a gear 20 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the gear shaft 19, the gear 20 is meshed with the teeth 21 on the seeding amount adjusting plate 14, and a hand wheel 16 and a locking nut 18 are respectively arranged on the two end parts of the outer side of the gear shaft 19; a seed box 13 and a closed baffle 11 are respectively arranged on the upper part of the channel steel type single frame 1 and above the sliding plate 15, the seed box 13 is communicated with a strip seed filling opening 10 on the sliding plate 15, a locking screw 9 is arranged on the side wall of the channel steel type single frame 1 and at the outer side part of the sliding plate 15, and the inner end part of the locking screw 9 is in extrusion contact fit or is separated from extrusion contact fit with the outer side vertical surface of the sliding plate 15; the lower part of the channel steel type single frame 1 is sequentially provided with a bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 3, a dibbling and seed-sowing pipeline 7 and a drilling and seed-sowing pipeline 8 from front to back, an oil cylinder rod of the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 3 is fixedly provided with a shaft sleeve 4, a wheel shaft 6 is rotatably inserted and arranged on the shaft sleeve 4, a land wheel 5 is fixedly arranged on the wheel shaft 6, the lower end of a connecting rod 2 is eccentrically hinged on the land wheel 5, the upper end of the connecting rod 2 is hinged with a sliding plate 15, a switch baffle plate 12 is arranged on the lower part of the channel steel type single frame 1 and at the rear side part of the drilling and seed-sowing pipeline 8 through an adjusting locking plate 17, and the switch baffle plate 12 and the drilling and seed-sowing pipeline 8 are in insertion closing fit or are separated from insertion fit.

When the dibbling operation is used, firstly, the adjusting locking plate 17 is loosened, the switch baffle plate 12 is inserted into the drill seeding pipeline 8 to close the drill seeding pipeline 8, the locking screw 9 is loosened to enable the inner end part of the locking screw 9 to be separated from vertical contact with the outer side of the sliding plate 15, then, according to the dibbling quantity requirement of crops, the locking nut 18 is loosened, the hand wheel 16 is rotated by hand, the gear 20 is driven to rotate by the gear shaft 19, the sowing quantity adjusting plate 14 is driven to longitudinally move back and forth on the sliding plate 15 through meshing with the teeth 21, the opening size of the strip-shaped seed filling opening 10 is changed, the dibbling quantity requirement is met, and then, locking and positioning are carried out; the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 3 extends to drive the land wheel 5 to move downwards to be in close contact with the ground, the land wheel 5 continuously rotates under the action of ground soil resistance in the forward movement of the seed sowing single body, the sliding plate 15 is driven to integrally do longitudinal reciprocating motion on the channel steel type single body frame 1 through the connecting rod 2, seeds filled into the strip-shaped seed filling port 10 from the seed box 13 are intermittently fed above the dibbling seed sowing pipeline 7 and are sowed into a land seed bed through the dibbling seed sowing pipeline 7, dibbling seed sowing is completed, and seeds in the seed bed are intermittently configured.

During drilling operation, the land wheel 5 is lifted by retraction of the bidirectional hydraulic oil cylinder 3, the land wheel is separated from contact with the ground, the rotation is stopped, the connecting rod 2 is static, the sliding plate 15 does not slide back and forth, the locking screw 9 is loosened, the sliding plate 15 is longitudinally moved on the channel steel type single frame 1, after the strip-shaped seed filling port 10 on the sliding plate is aligned and overlapped with the seed inlet of the drilling and seeding pipeline 8, the sliding plate 15 is locked on the channel steel type single frame 1 by the locking screw 9, the switch baffle plate 12 is pulled out from the drilling and seeding pipeline 8, the drilling and seeding pipeline 8 is opened, seeds in the seed box 13 directly and continuously enter the drilling and seeding pipeline 8 through the strip-shaped seed filling port 10, the seeds are continuously sowed in a land seed bed, and the seeds are continuously and uninterruptedly configured in the seed bed.

Claims

1. A seed discharging monomer for crop dibbling and drill seeding is characterized in that: a sliding plate (15) is arranged on the inner side part of the upper end of a channel steel type single frame (1) in a longitudinally movable manner, a strip-shaped seed filling opening (10) is longitudinally arranged on the sliding plate (15), a seeding amount adjusting plate (14) with teeth (21) is inserted and installed on the sliding plate (15) in the strip-shaped seed filling opening (10) in a longitudinally movable manner, a gear shaft (19) is rotatably and transversely installed on the sliding plate (15) above the seeding amount adjusting plate (14), a gear (20) is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the gear shaft (19), the gear (20) is meshed with the teeth (21) on the seeding amount adjusting plate (14), and a hand wheel (16) and a locking nut (18) are respectively arranged on the two outer end parts of the gear shaft (19); a seed box (13) and a closed baffle (11) are respectively arranged at the upper part of the channel steel type single frame (1) and above the sliding plate (15), the seed box (13) is communicated with a strip seed filling opening (10) on the sliding plate (15), a locking screw (9) is arranged at the outer side part of the sliding plate (15) on the side wall of the channel steel type single frame (1), and the inner end part of the locking screw (9) is in extrusion contact fit or separated from extrusion contact fit with the outer side vertical surface of the sliding plate (15); the lower part of the channel steel type single frame (1) is sequentially provided with a two-way hydraulic oil cylinder (3), a dibbling and seeding pipeline (7) and a drilling and seeding pipeline (8) from front to back, an oil cylinder rod of the two-way hydraulic oil cylinder (3) is fixedly provided with a shaft sleeve (4), a wheel shaft (6) is rotatably inserted and installed on the shaft sleeve (4), a land wheel (5) is fixedly installed on the wheel shaft (6), the lower end of a connecting rod (2) is eccentrically hinged on the land wheel (5), the upper end of the connecting rod (2) is hinged with a sliding plate (15), a switch baffle (12) is installed on the lower part of the channel steel type single frame (1) and positioned at the rear side part of the drilling and seeding pipeline (8) through an adjusting locking plate (17), and the switch baffle (12) and the drilling and seeding pipeline (8) are in insertion closing fit or in separation insertion fit.