CN111351341A - Solar crop dryer - Google Patents

Solar crop dryer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111351341A
CN111351341A CN202010261730.2A CN202010261730A CN111351341A CN 111351341 A CN111351341 A CN 111351341A CN 202010261730 A CN202010261730 A CN 202010261730A CN 111351341 A CN111351341 A CN 111351341A
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China
Prior art keywords
pipe
solar
heat collecting
storage hopper
tower
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Granted
Application number
CN202010261730.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111351341B (en
Inventor
彭正飞
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Xuancheng Zitian Carbon Industry Co ltd
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Individual
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Priority to CN202010261730.2A priority Critical patent/CN111351341B/en
Publication of CN111351341A publication Critical patent/CN111351341A/en
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Publication of CN111351341B publication Critical patent/CN111351341B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M17/00—Apparatus for the destruction of vermin in soil or in foodstuffs
    • A01M17/008—Destruction of vermin in foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
    • A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/30—Solar heat collectors for heating objects, e.g. solar cookers or solar furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/60—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the structure or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a solar crop dryer which comprises a heat collection tower, a material distribution box, a solar heat collection pipe set and a storage hopper, wherein the material distribution box, the solar heat collection pipe set and the storage hopper are sequentially arranged on the heat collection tower from top to bottom, the material distribution box, the solar heat collection pipe set and the storage hopper are sequentially communicated, a material conveyor penetrating through the solar heat collection pipe set and communicated with the material distribution box and the storage hopper is further arranged in the heat collection tower, the material conveyor is in the conveying direction that the storage hopper faces the material distribution box, and a feeding mechanism and a discharging mechanism which are communicated with the material distribution box or the storage hopper are further arranged on the heat collection tower.

Description

Solar crop dryer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a solar crop dryer.
Background
The grain drying-machine is the hot-blast stoving case, adopts convolution heating device, can produce a large amount of hot-blasts in the short time, and it can reach through high temperature treatment and kill the worm's ovum, thoroughly solves the grain drying problem.
Along with the improvement of grain seeds, the improvement of unit yield and the increase of the national investment on grain drying equipment, more and more large, medium and small grain drying facilities are built. Whether the dryer with high matching quality, long service life, economy, practicality, good reliability and high automation degree is important.
At present, in vast rural areas of China, farmers lay grains on roads when drying the grains and wait for the grains to be dried in the sun, the method occupies a large number of roads, traffic hidden troubles are caused, the grains are not dried in the sun completely, a grain dryer consumes large power, and common farmers are unwilling to use the grain dryer.
Therefore, an energy-saving and environment-friendly grain drying device is needed.
Chinese patent CN201820408442.3 discloses a solar heat collection type grain dryer, which comprises a frame component and a heat collection component installed on the frame component, and is characterized in that the heat collection component comprises a lens body, a connecting rod and a grain bin, the lens body is a closed shell provided with a water nozzle, the lens body is a stretching body with two planar ends, and the stretching plane of the lens body is in a shape of a leaf.
The dryer disclosed by the patent has the advantages of poor heat collecting effect, large floor area, difficulty in pouring or discharging grains, high requirement on the production process and high production cost, and a huge lens body needs to be manufactured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solar crop dryer, which effectively utilizes solar energy to dry crops, is energy-saving and environment-friendly and occupies a small area.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a solar energy crops drying-machine, install the branch workbin on the heat-collecting tower including heat-collecting tower and top-down order, solar energy collection pipe group, the storage hopper, divide the workbin, solar energy collection pipe group, storage hopper intercommunication in proper order, still install the material transfer machine that runs through solar energy collection pipe group and communicate branch workbin and storage hopper in the heat-collecting tower, the transmission direction of material transfer machine is the storage hopper orientation and divides the workbin, still install on the heat-collecting tower and communicate to dividing workbin or the inside pan feeding mechanism of storage hopper, discharge mechanism.
Preferably, the material transmission machine comprises a shaft helical blade, a material transmission pipe and a first rotary driver, the shaft helical blade is vertically arranged inside the heat collecting tower, the material transmission pipe is sleeved outside the shaft helical blade, the material transmission pipe is communicated with the middle of the material distributing box and the bottom of the storage hopper, the output end of the first rotary driver is in transmission connection with the shaft helical blade, the shaft helical blade is rotatably connected with the heat collecting tower, and the material transmission pipe and the first rotary driver are both fixedly connected with the heat collecting tower.
Preferably, the material separating box comprises a cylindrical box body, a plurality of first through holes penetrating through the bottom of the box body are formed in the edge of the bottom face of the box body, the box body is communicated with the solar heat collecting pipe group through the first through holes, the material separating box further comprises a material pushing mechanism in transmission connection with the axial helical blades, the material pushing mechanism comprises a plurality of blades which are uniformly distributed around the axial helical blades, the blades are in a long-strip flat plate shape and are obliquely arranged, and the bottom edges of the blades are attached to the inner wall of the bottom of the box body.
Preferably, pushing equipment is still including first shaft coupling, connecting rod, sleeve, first shaft coupling suit on having a spiral blade and with having a spiral blade fixed connection, the sleeve cover establish on the material transmission pipe and with material transmission pipe clearance fit, a plurality of connecting rods from first shaft coupling to radiating all around and with sleeve fixed connection, paddle fixed mounting is on the sleeve.
Preferably, the top end of the material conveying pipe is provided with an annular flange extending outwards in the radial direction, the sleeve is positioned below the annular flange, the sleeve is in clearance fit with the annular flange, and the diameter of the annular flange is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve.
Preferably, the solar heat collecting pipe group is including setting up at the thermal-arrest tower edge and surrounding a plurality of solar heat collecting pipes of thermal-arrest tower center equipartition, and vertical setting of solar heat collecting pipe and with branch workbin, storage hopper intercommunication, solar heat collecting pipe group is still including setting up at the reflector surface of solar heat collecting pipe inboard and setting up the toughened glass in the solar heat collecting pipe outside, and reflector surface and toughened glass are the drum shape, and reflector surface, toughened glass all with branch workbin, storage hopper fixed connection.
Preferably, solar energy collection pipe set still includes the heel post, and the heel post sets up in the inboard of reflector surface, and a plurality of reflector surfaces are vertical to be set up and encircle the heat collecting tower center equipartition, reflector surface and branch workbin, storage hopper fixed connection.
Preferably, discharge mechanism is including unloading pipe and pipeline switch, and the unloading pipe is from dividing the workbin to go out to run through the outside that the thermal-arrest tower extends to the thermal-arrest tower, and under the stoving state, first through-hole passes through pipeline switch and solar energy collection pipe intercommunication, and under the ejection of compact state, first through-hole passes through pipeline switch and unloading pipe intercommunication.
Preferably, the pipeline switcher comprises a rotary disc, a fixed disc and a second rotary driver, the box body, the rotary disc and the fixed disc are coaxially arranged from top to bottom, the rotary disc is rotatably connected with the box body, a rotating shaft of the rotary disc is vertically arranged, the fixed disc is fixedly connected with the blanking pipe, the second rotary driver is fixedly connected with the fixed disc, the output end of the second rotary driver is in transmission connection with the rotary disc, and the fixed disc is provided with second through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first through holes; a plurality of blanking pipes and a discharging pipe are arranged at the edge of the rotary disc, the total number of the blanking pipes is equal to the total number of the first through holes minus one, and the number of the solar heat collecting pipes is equal to the number of the blanking pipes; during drying, the first through hole, the blanking pipe, the second through hole and the solar heat collecting pipe are communicated in sequence, and during blanking, the first through hole, the discharging pipe, the second through hole and the blanking pipe are communicated in sequence.
Preferably, the air dehumidifier is installed to the heat collecting tower outside, and the air dehumidifier is including air heat exchanger, damp and hot tuber pipe, dry cold wind pipe, and air heat exchanger installs in the outside of heat collecting tower, and damp and hot tuber pipe communicates in proper order and divides workbin, air heat exchanger, atmosphere, and dry cold wind pipe communicates in proper order atmosphere, air heat exchanger, storage hopper.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
agricultural personnel drop into branch workbin or storage hopper inside through pan feeding mechanism with crops, drop into to the inside crops of branch workbin under the effect of gravity and fall into inside the storage hopper through solar energy collection tube group, when sunshine is abundant, agricultural personnel open material transmission machine, material transmission machine is continuous inside transmitting the crops of the inside storage of storage hopper to branch workbin, then crops fall into inside the storage hopper through solar energy collection tube group again, so continuous circulation, sunshine shines on solar energy collection tube group, make the inside high temperature that produces of solar energy collection tube group, thereby crops pass high temperature air when solar energy collection tube group is organized and are dried.
The dryer effectively utilizes solar energy to dry crops, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and occupies small area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 3 at B;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at C;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at D;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the present invention with the mirror surface removed and tempered glass;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 9 at E;
FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the discharge mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the internal structure of the present invention in a drying state;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 12 at F;
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the internal structure of the present invention in the discharging state;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 14 at G;
the reference numbers in the figures are:
1-distributing box; 1 a-a box body; 1a1 — first via; 1 b-a material pushing mechanism; 1b 1-blade; 1b2 — first coupling; 1b 3-connecting rod; 1b 4-sleeve;
2-solar heat collecting tube group; 2 a-solar heat collecting tube; 2 b-a mirror surface; 2 c-toughened glass; 2 d-a heel post;
3, a storage hopper;
4-a material conveyer; 4 a-spiral blade with shaft; 4a1 — first bearing; 4a2 — second bearing; 4 b-material conveying pipe; 4b 1-annular flange; 4 c-a first rotary drive; 4c 1-motor support; 4c 2-second coupling;
5-a feeding mechanism; 5 a-a cover plate;
6-a discharging mechanism; 6 a-a blanking pipe; 6 b-a turntable; 6b 1-down pipe; 6b 2-discharge pipe; 6b 3-third bearing; 6 c-fixing the disc; 6c 1-second via; 6 d-a second rotary drive; 6d 1-Gear; 6d 2-ring gear;
7-air dehumidifier; 7 a-an air heat exchanger; 7 b-a damp and hot air pipe; 7 c-a dry cooling air pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the solar crop dryer comprises a heat collection tower and a material distribution box 1, a solar heat collection pipe group 2 and a storage hopper 3 which are sequentially arranged on the heat collection tower from top to bottom, wherein the material distribution box 1, the solar heat collection pipe group 2 and the storage hopper 3 are sequentially communicated, a material conveyor 4 which penetrates through the solar heat collection pipe group 2 and is communicated with the material distribution box 1 and the storage hopper 3 is further arranged in the heat collection tower, the material conveyor 4 is in a transmission direction towards the material distribution box 1 by the storage hopper 3, and a material feeding mechanism 5 and a material discharging mechanism 6 which are communicated to the material distribution box 1 or the storage hopper 3 are further arranged on the heat collection tower.
Agricultural personnel drop into branch workbin 1 or storage hopper 3 inside through pan feeding mechanism 5 with crops, drop into branch workbin 1 inside crops under the effect of gravity and fall into storage hopper 3 inside through solar energy collection tube group 2, when sunshine is abundant, agricultural personnel open material transmission machine 4, material transmission machine 4 is continuous transmits the crops of 3 inside storages of storage hopper to branch workbin 1 inside, then crops again through solar energy collection tube group 2 fall into storage hopper 3 inside, so continuous circulation, sunshine shines on solar energy collection tube group 2, make the inside high temperature that produces of solar energy collection tube group 2, thereby crops pass high temperature air when solar energy collection tube group 2 and are dried.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the material conveyer 4 comprises a shaft spiral blade 4a, a material conveying pipe 4b and a first rotary driver 4c, wherein the shaft spiral blade 4a is vertically installed inside the heat collecting tower, the material conveying pipe 4b is sleeved outside the shaft spiral blade 4a, the material conveying pipe 4b is communicated with the middle part of the material distributing box 1 and the bottom of the material storage hopper 3, the output end of the first rotary driver 4c is in transmission connection with the shaft spiral blade 4a, the shaft spiral blade 4a is in rotation connection with the heat collecting tower, and the material conveying pipe 4b and the first rotary driver 4c are both in fixed connection with the heat collecting tower.
The shaft spiral blade 4a is rotatably connected with the material distribution box 1 through a first bearing 4a1, the shaft spiral blade 4a is rotatably connected with the material storage hopper 3 through a second bearing 4a2, the material transmission pipe 4b is fixedly connected with the material distribution box 1 and the material storage hopper 3, the first rotary driver 4c is a servo motor, the first rotary driver 4c is fixedly arranged above the material distribution box 1 through a motor support 4c1, the first rotary driver 4c is in transmission connection with the shaft spiral blade 4a through a second coupling 4c2, the material storage hopper 3 is in a hopper shape with a large top and a small bottom, under the action of gravity, crops in the material storage hopper 3 automatically move to the material transmission pipe 4b at the bottom of the material storage hopper 3, the first rotary driver 4c drives the shaft spiral blade 4a to rotate, the shaft spiral blade 4a transmits the crops upwards along the material transmission pipe 4b through a spiral blade of the shaft spiral blade 4a, until the crop is conveyed inside the distribution box 1.
As shown in fig. 8 and 12, the material distribution box 1 includes a cylindrical box body 1a, the bottom edge of the box body 1a is provided with a plurality of first through holes 1a1 penetrating through the bottom of the box body 1a, the box body 1a is communicated with the solar heat collection tube group 2 through the first through holes 1a1, the material distribution box 1 further includes a material pushing mechanism 1b in transmission connection with the axial helical blades 4a, the material pushing mechanism 1b includes a plurality of blades 1b1 uniformly distributed around the axial helical blades 4a, the blades 1b1 are in the shape of a long flat plate obliquely arranged, and the bottom edge of the blades 1b1 is attached to the inner wall of the bottom of the box body 1 a.
When the first rotary driver 4c drives the shaft spiral blade 4a to rotate, the shaft spiral blade 4a drives the pushing mechanism 1b to work, the pushing mechanism 1b rotates around a vertical rotating shaft in the box body 1a through the blades 1b1, the bottom edge of the blade 1b1 is attached to the inner wall of the bottom of the box body 1a to do circular motion around the axis of the box body 1a, crops transmitted to the center in the box body 1a by the material transmitter 4 are pushed towards the edge of the box body 1a, and the crops are finally pushed into the first through hole 1a1 and then fall into the storage hopper 3 through the solar heat collection pipe group 2.
As shown in fig. 9, 10, and 12, the pushing mechanism 1b further includes a first coupling 1b2, a connecting rod 1b3, and a sleeve 1b4, the first coupling 1b2 is sleeved on the shaft-mounted spiral blade 4a and fixedly connected to the shaft-mounted spiral blade 4a, the sleeve 1b4 is sleeved on the material conveying pipe 4b and in clearance fit with the material conveying pipe 4b, the connecting rods 1b3 radiate from the first coupling 1b2 to the periphery and are fixedly connected to the sleeve 1b4, and the paddle 1b1 is fixedly mounted on the sleeve 1b 4.
The shaft-mounted spiral blade 4a sequentially passes through the first coupler 1b2, the connecting rod 1b3 and the sleeve 1b4 to drive the blade 1b1 to rotate around the axis of the shaft-mounted spiral blade 4a, crops are conveyed to the top end of the material conveying pipe 4b along the inside of the material conveying pipe 4b, then the crops spread outwards, move to the outer side of the sleeve 1b4 along the gap between the adjacent connecting rods 1b3, and are pushed outwards by the circularly moving blade 1b 1.
The top end of the material conveying pipe 4b is provided with an annular flange 4b1 extending outwards in the radial direction, the sleeve 1b4 is positioned below the annular flange 4b1, the sleeve 1b4 is in clearance fit with the annular flange 4b1, and the diameter of the annular flange 4b1 is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve 1b 4.
The annular flange 4b1 is used for covering the gap between the sleeve 1b4 and the material conveying pipe 4b, crop overflowing from the top end of the material conveying pipe 4b falls onto the top surface of the sleeve 1b4 along the annular flange 4b1, and along with the rotation of the sleeve 1b4, the crop staying on the top surface of the sleeve 1b4 moves to the outer side of the sleeve 1b4 under the action of centrifugal force, so that the situation that the crop falls between the sleeve 1b4 and the material conveying pipe 4b to cause the sleeve 1b4 and the material conveying pipe 4b to be stuck by the crop is avoided.
As shown in fig. 6, the solar heat collecting tube set 2 comprises a plurality of solar heat collecting tubes 2a which are arranged at the edge of the heat collecting tower and uniformly distributed around the center of the heat collecting tower, the solar heat collecting tubes 2a are vertically arranged and communicated with the material distributing box 1 and the storage hopper 3, the solar heat collecting tube set 2 further comprises a reflecting mirror surface 2b arranged on the inner side of the solar heat collecting tube 2a and toughened glass 2c arranged on the outer side of the solar heat collecting tube 2a, the reflecting mirror surface 2b and the toughened glass 2c are both in a cylindrical shape, and the reflecting mirror surface 2b, the toughened glass 2c are fixedly connected with the material distributing box 1 and the storage hopper 3.
The solar heat collecting pipes 2a are double-layer glass vacuum solar heat collecting pipes, the principle is equal to that of a solar water heater, the temperature inside the solar heat collecting pipes can be increased under the irradiation of sunlight, the reflecting mirror surface 2b is used for reflecting the sunlight which penetrates through gaps among the solar heat collecting pipes 2a, so that the sunlight is reflected to the solar heat collecting pipes 2a, further sunlight is collected, the tempered glass 2c is used for covering the outer sides of all the solar heat collecting pipes 2a, the solar heat collecting pipes 2a are protected from being influenced by the environment, and the solar heat collecting pipes 2a are prevented from being damaged.
Solar energy collection pipe group 2 is still including heel post 2d, and heel post 2d sets up in reflector surface 2 b's inboard, and a plurality of reflector surfaces 2b are vertical to be set up and encircle the solar collecting tower center equipartition, reflector surface 2b and branch workbin 1, storage hopper 3 fixed connection.
The heel post 2d is used for supporting and divides workbin 1 and storage hopper 3 for divide workbin 1 and storage hopper 3 can not warp under the effect of gravity, lead to dividing the relative distance between workbin 1 and the storage hopper 3 to change, and then cause the condition that solar energy collection pipe 2a and speculum face 2b damaged.
As shown in fig. 9, the feeding mechanism 5 comprises a cover plate 5a with one side rotatably mounted on the top of the distribution box 1, the top of the distribution box 1 is provided with a through hole located in the range covered by the cover plate 5a, and agricultural personnel can lift the cover plate 5a to pour crops to be dried into the distribution box 1; the staff also can pour crops into through a slope sets up downwards and penetrates the inside pipeline of storage hopper 3, and the concrete structure of pan feeding mechanism 5 does not do the restriction.
As shown in fig. 11 to 15, the discharging mechanism 6 includes a discharging pipe 6a and a pipeline switch, the discharging pipe 6a starts from the material distribution box 1 and penetrates through the heat collecting tower to extend to the outer side of the heat collecting tower, in the drying state, the first through hole 1a1 is communicated with the solar heat collecting pipe 2a through the pipeline switch, and in the discharging state, the first through hole 1a1 is communicated with the discharging pipe 6a through the pipeline switch.
During the stoving work, first through-hole 1a1 of pipeline switch intercommunication and solar energy collection pipe 2a, crops fall into storage hopper 3 through first through-hole 1a1, solar energy collection pipe 2a, and after the stoving was accomplished, the pipeline switch intercommunication first through-hole 1a1 and unloading pipe 6a, crops fall into the storage tank of unloading pipe 6a below through first through-hole 1a1, unloading pipe 6 a.
As shown in fig. 11 to 15, the pipeline switcher includes a rotating disc 6b, a fixed disc 6c, and a second rotary driver 6d, the box body 1a, the rotating disc 6b, and the fixed disc 6c are coaxially arranged from top to bottom, the rotating disc 6b is rotatably connected with the box body 1a, a rotating shaft of the rotating disc 6b is vertically arranged, the fixed disc 6c is fixedly connected with the blanking pipe 6a, the second rotary driver 6d is fixedly connected with the fixed disc 6c, an output end of the second rotary driver 6d is in transmission connection with the rotating disc 6b, and the fixed disc 6c is provided with second through holes 6c1 corresponding to each of the first through holes 1a 1; the edge of the rotating disc 6b is provided with a plurality of blanking pipes 6b1 and a discharging pipe 6b2, the total number of the blanking pipes 6b1 is equal to the total number of the first through holes 1a1 minus one, and the number of the solar heat collecting pipes 2a is equal to the number of the blanking pipes 6b 1; during drying, the first through hole 1a1, the blanking pipe 6b1, the second through hole 6c1 and the solar heat collecting pipe 2a are communicated in sequence, and during blanking, the first through hole 1a1, the discharging pipe 6b2, the second through hole 6c1 and the blanking pipe 6a are communicated in sequence.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the rotating disc 6b is rotatably connected with the casing 1a through a third bearing 6b3 installed below the casing 1a, the second rotary driver 6d is a servo motor, a gear ring 6d2 is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the rotating disc 6b, a gear 6d1 is installed at the working end of the second rotary driver 6d, and the gear 6d1 is meshed with the gear ring 6d2, so that the second rotary driver 6d can drive the rotating disc 6b to rotate when working.
One of the plurality of second through holes 6c1 is communicated with the discharging pipe 6b2, the remaining second through hole 6c1 is communicated with the blanking pipe 6b1, the discharging pipe 6b2 is offset with respect to the blanking pipe 6b1, the discharging pipe 6b2 abuts against the non-open part of the fixed disk 6c when the blanking pipe 6b1 is aligned with the first through hole 1a1, and the blanking pipe 6b1 abuts against the non-open part of the fixed disk 6c when the discharging pipe 6b2 is aligned with the second through hole 6c1 communicated with the blanking pipe 6a, so that the rotating disk 6b is switched between two states of communication of the first through hole 1a1, the blanking pipe 6b1, the second through hole 6c1, the solar heat collecting pipe 2a and the first through hole 1a1, the discharging pipe 6b2, the second through hole 6c1, and the blanking pipe 6a when the second rotary driver 6d drives the rotating disk 6d to rotate, thereby enabling the heat collecting tower to have two functions of drying and automatic discharging.
An air dehumidifier 7 is installed on the outer side of the heat collection tower, the air dehumidifier 7 comprises an air heat exchanger 7a, a wet hot air pipe 7b and a dry cold air pipe 7c, the air heat exchanger 7a is installed on the outer side of the heat collection tower, the wet hot air pipe 7b is sequentially communicated with the material distribution box 1, the air heat exchanger 7a and the atmosphere, and the dry cold air pipe 7c is sequentially communicated with the atmosphere, the air heat exchanger 7a and the material storage hopper 3.
The heat collecting tower can produce a large amount of damp and hot air to the work of crops stoving, damp and hot air upwards assembles and passes through damp and hot tuber pipe 7b, air heat exchanger 7a transmits to the atmosphere, thereby the bottom of the heat collecting tower produces the negative pressure and absorbs outside air, outside dry and cold air enters into inside storage hopper 3 through dry cold air pipe 7c, the air in damp and hot tuber pipe 7b and dry cold air pipe 7c produces the heat transfer in air heat exchanger 7a, thereby final damp and hot tuber pipe 7b discharges the wet and cold air to the atmosphere in, dry cold air pipe 7c inhales in dry and hot air to storage hopper 3, when having discharged the inside moisture of heat collecting tower, the inside thermal loss of heat collecting tower has been reduced.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
agricultural personnel open and lap 5a and drop into crops to minute workbin 1 inside, drop into to minute workbin 1 inside crops under the effect of gravity and fall into storage hopper 3 inside through a plurality of solar energy collection pipe 2a, when sunshine is abundant, agricultural personnel open material transmission machine 4, material transmission machine 4 is continuous transmits the crops of 3 inside storages of storage hopper to minute workbin 1 inside, then crops fall into storage hopper 3 inside through solar energy collection pipe 2a again, so constantly circulate, sunshine shines on solar energy collection pipe 2a, make the inside high temperature that produces of solar energy collection pipe 2a, thereby crops pass high temperature air when solar energy collection pipe 2a and are dried.
The inside damp and hot air that produces of heat collection tower upwards assembles and transmits to the atmosphere through wet hot-blast main 7b, and the heat collection tower bottom produces the negative pressure and absorbs outside dry and cold air through dry cold air pipe 7c simultaneously, and the end of giving vent to anger of wet and hot tuber pipe 7b and the end of admitting air of dry cold air pipe 7c produce the heat exchange in air heat exchanger 7a to make air dehumidifier 7 inhale the wet and cold air of dry hot air discharge simultaneously.
After drying, the second rotary driver 6d drives the rotary disc 6b to rotate, the transmission path of the crops is switched from the first through hole 1a1, the blanking pipe 6b1 and the solar heat collecting pipe 2a to the first through hole 1a1, the discharging pipe 6b2 and the blanking pipe 6a, the crops stored in the storage hopper 3 are transmitted to the interior of the box body 1a along with the work of the material transmission machine 4, then pushed into the first through hole 1a1 by the material pushing mechanism 1b, and then sequentially fall into the material collection box through the first through hole 1a1, the discharging pipe 6b2 and the blanking pipe 6 a.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a solar energy crops drying-machine, a serial communication port, install branch workbin (1) on the heat-collecting tower including heat-collecting tower and top-down order, solar energy collection pipe group (2), storage hopper (3), divide workbin (1), solar energy collection pipe group (2), storage hopper (3) communicate in proper order, still install in the heat-collecting tower and run through solar energy collection pipe group (2) and communicate material transmission machine (4) of dividing workbin (1) and storage hopper (3), the transmission direction of material transmission machine (4) is storage hopper (3) orientation branch workbin (1), still install on the heat-collecting tower and communicate to dividing workbin (1) or storage hopper (3) inside pan feeding mechanism (5), discharge mechanism (6).
2. The solar crop dryer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material conveyer (4) comprises a shaft helical blade (4 a), a material conveying pipe (4 b) and a first rotary driver (4 c), the shaft helical blade (4 a) is vertically installed inside the heat collecting tower, the material conveying pipe (4 b) is sleeved outside the shaft helical blade (4 a), the material conveying pipe (4 b) is communicated with the middle part of the material distributing box (1) and the bottom of the storage hopper (3), the output end of the first rotary driver (4 c) is in transmission connection with the shaft helical blade (4 a), the shaft helical blade (4 a) is in rotation connection with the heat collecting tower, and the material conveying pipe (4 b) and the first rotary driver (4 c) are both fixedly connected with the heat collecting tower.
3. The solar crop dryer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the distribution box (1) comprises a cylindrical box body (1 a), the bottom edge of the box body (1 a) is provided with a plurality of first through holes (1 a 1) penetrating through the bottom of the box body (1 a), the box body (1 a) is communicated with the solar heat collecting pipe group (2) through the first through holes (1 a 1), the distribution box (1) further comprises a material pushing mechanism (1 b) in transmission connection with the axial helical blade (4 a), the material pushing mechanism (1 b) comprises a plurality of blades (1 b 1) uniformly distributed around the axial helical blade (4 a), the blades (1 b 1) are in the shape of a long-strip flat plate obliquely arranged, and the bottom edge of the blades (1 b 1) is attached to the inner wall of the bottom of the box body (1 a).
4. The solar crop dryer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pushing mechanism (1 b) further comprises a first coupling (1 b 2), a connecting rod (1 b 3) and a sleeve (1 b 4), the first coupling (1 b 2) is sleeved on the shaft-bearing helical blade (4 a) and fixedly connected with the shaft-bearing helical blade (4 a), the sleeve (1 b 4) is sleeved on the material conveying pipe (4 b) and in clearance fit with the material conveying pipe (4 b), the connecting rods (1 b 3) radiate from the first coupling (1 b 2) to the periphery and are fixedly connected with the sleeve (1 b 4), and the blades (1 b 1) are fixedly mounted on the sleeve (1 b 4).
5. A solar crop dryer as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the top end of the material conveying pipe (4 b) is provided with an annular flange (4 b 1) extending radially outwards, the sleeve (1 b 4) is located below the annular flange (4 b 1), the sleeve (1 b 4) is in clearance fit with the annular flange (4 b 1), and the diameter of the annular flange (4 b 1) is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve (1 b 4).
6. The solar crop dryer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solar heat collecting pipe set (2) comprises a plurality of solar heat collecting pipes (2 a) which are arranged at the edge of the heat collecting tower and uniformly distributed around the center of the heat collecting tower, the solar heat collecting pipes (2 a) are vertically arranged and communicated with the material distributing box (1) and the storage hopper (3), the solar heat collecting pipe set (2) further comprises a reflecting mirror surface (2 b) arranged on the inner side of the solar heat collecting pipes (2 a) and toughened glass (2 c) arranged on the outer side of the solar heat collecting pipes (2 a), the reflecting mirror surface (2 b) and the toughened glass (2 c) are both in a cylinder shape, and the reflecting mirror surface (2 b), the toughened glass (2 c) are fixedly connected with the material distributing box (1) and the storage hopper (3).
7. The solar crop dryer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the solar heat collection tube set (2) further comprises a bearing column (2 d), the bearing column (2 d) is arranged on the inner side of the reflecting mirror surface (2 b), the reflecting mirror surfaces (2 b) are vertically arranged and uniformly distributed around the center of the heat collection tower, and the reflecting mirror surfaces (2 b) are fixedly connected with the material distribution box (1) and the storage hopper (3).
8. The solar crop dryer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the discharge mechanism (6) comprises a discharge pipe (6 a) and a pipeline switch, the discharge pipe (6 a) extends from the material distribution box (1) to the outside of the heat collecting tower through the heat collecting tower, the first through hole (1 a 1) is communicated with the solar heat collecting pipe (2 a) through the pipeline switch in the drying state, and the first through hole (1 a 1) is communicated with the discharge pipe (6 a) through the pipeline switch in the discharging state.
9. The solar crop dryer as claimed in claim 8, wherein the pipeline switcher comprises a rotary disc (6 b), a fixed disc (6 c) and a second rotary driver (6 d), the box body (1 a), the rotary disc (6 b) and the fixed disc (6 c) are coaxially arranged from top to bottom, the rotary disc (6 b) is rotatably connected with the box body (1 a), a rotating shaft of the rotary disc (6 b) is vertically arranged, the fixed disc (6 c) is fixedly connected with the discharging pipe (6 a), the second rotary driver (6 d) is fixedly connected with the fixed disc (6 c), an output end of the second rotary driver (6 d) is in transmission connection with the rotary disc (6 b), and the fixed disc (6 c) is provided with second through holes (6 c 1) corresponding to the first through holes (1 a 1) one by one; a plurality of blanking pipes (6 b 1) and a discharging pipe (6 b 2) are arranged at the edge of the rotating disc (6 b), the total number of the blanking pipes (6 b 1) is equal to the total number of the first through holes (1 a 1) minus one, and the number of the solar heat collecting pipes (2 a) is equal to the number of the blanking pipes (6 b 1); during drying, the first through hole (1 a 1), the blanking pipe (6 b 1), the second through hole (6 c 1) and the solar heat collecting pipe (2 a) are communicated in sequence, and during blanking, the first through hole (1 a 1), the discharging pipe (6 b 2), the second through hole (6 c 1) and the blanking pipe (6 a) are communicated in sequence.
10. The solar crop dryer as claimed in claim 1, wherein an air dehumidifier (7) is installed outside the heat collection tower, the air dehumidifier (7) comprises an air heat exchanger (7 a), a wet hot air duct (7 b) and a dry cold air duct (7 c), the air heat exchanger (7 a) is installed outside the heat collection tower, the wet hot air duct (7 b) is sequentially communicated with the material distribution box (1), the air heat exchanger (7 a) and the atmosphere, and the dry cold air duct (7 c) is sequentially communicated with the atmosphere, the air heat exchanger (7 a) and the material storage hopper (3).
CN202010261730.2A 2020-04-04 2020-04-04 Solar crop dryer Active CN111351341B (en)

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CN113154858A (en) * 2021-04-01 2021-07-23 济南金沃楼宇设备有限公司 Microwave drying equipment and drying method thereof
CN113663584A (en) * 2021-09-08 2021-11-19 南通大学附属医院 Dispersing device for medical nano material production

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