CN111346157B - 治疗鸡软腿病的药物组合物 - Google Patents
治疗鸡软腿病的药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗鸡软腿病的药物组合物,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:补骨脂35‑45份、牡蛎壳5‑15份、狗脊5‑15份、女贞子5‑15份、泽泻25‑35份、怀牛膝35‑45份。本发明采用纯中草药材辩证配制,具有显著的调节机体机能的作用,可有效治疗鸡软腿病,针对性强,恢复期短,使用方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗鸡软腿病的药物组合物,属于中药兽药技术领域。
背景技术
鸡软腿病主要是场地潮湿、鸡舍不通风。舍养蛋鸡受阳光少,运动不足,鸡群密度过大或因日粮营养不全,缺乏矿物质,尤其是钙磷比例不恰当,缺乏维生素D等都易引发此病。
蛋鸡一旦发生此病,产蛋量急剧下降,精神表现沉郁,羽毛松软。两腿关节肿大。运步艰难,走路摇摆,不能站立;喜睡,身体发抖,头不能抬起。严重时常以跗关节着地或靠两冀支撑着地。因长期跗关节与两冀着地磨损发炎,两腿血行不畅变紫变冷,以致瘫痪。最后因鸡只无法运动与觅食,若治疗不及时,其病情会恶化甚至死亡。保持鸡舍干燥通风,并做好卫生消毒工作,定期用0.01%百毒杀饮水消毒,勤换垫料,适度放牧和运动,多晒太阳。要保证日粮营养物质的全面供给,在夏季高温期间及种鸡产蛋后期,要适当提高饲料中维生素和矿物质的含量。加强饲养管理,以减少刮伤、碰伤等外伤机会,操作切忌粗暴,避免大群发生应激反应。产蛋期间,公母鸡正常比例为1∶5。
目前防治此病一般是在鸡饲料中补充含钙的矿物质添加剂,以及足够的青绿饲料、VD或鱼肝油,通常采用如下方式:
1、鸡患软腿病初期,可采用肌肉注射维丁胶性钙治疗,规格为每毫升含维生素D5000单位、胶性钙0.5毫升,成年鸡每次注射1~2毫升,每天一次,连续注射2~3次;
2、用每片含磷酸氢钙0.5克的糖钙片和每片含VB15毫克2~3片同时喂服,成年鸡每日一次,连服几次;
3、针刺鸡趾血管,在针刺鸡趾血管放血的同时口服鱼干油;
上述方式,效果并不确切,无法快速恢复机体骨组织,导致病鸡疾病反复发作,造成经济损失;并且随着消费者对食材品质的要求,上述高浓度提纯药物施用后会显著影响鸡的肉质,无法满足消费者对肉质的要求。
中国专利文献CN102512574A(申请号201110427425.7)公开了一种用于治疗动物软骨病的中药组合物,其包括:黄芪、当归、鸡血藤、阿胶、龟板、麻黄、桂枝、菟丝子、补骨脂、韭菜子、赭石和牛膝,所述中药组合物中的各组分的重量份数比为,所述黄芪10~20重量份、所述当归10~20重量份、所述鸡血藤10~20重量份、所述阿胶10~20重量份、所述龟板10~20重量份、所述麻黄5~10重量份、所述桂枝5~10重量份、所述菟丝子20~40重量份、所述补骨脂20~40重量份、所述韭菜子20~40重量份、所述赭石10~20重量份和所述牛膝10~20重量份。上述原料药不仅价格较高,而且应用于肉鸡时,效果一般,治疗效果无法满足市场要求。
发明内容
本发明的要解决的技术问题是提供一种治疗鸡软腿病的药物组合物,本发明通过各药物组份配伍增效减毒、能迅速清除体内毒素、有效减少残留、减小毒副作用、降低污染且安全有效的治疗鸡软腿病的中药组合物。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
一种治疗鸡软腿病的药物组合物,它是由以下组分按重量份数组成:补骨脂35-45份、牡蛎壳5-15份、狗脊5-15份、女贞子5-15份、泽泻25-35份、怀牛膝35-45份。
所述各种原料优选配比量为:补骨脂30份、狗脊10份、女贞子10份、牡蛎壳10份、泽泻30份、怀牛膝40份。
优选的,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂30份、狗脊10份、女贞子10份、牡蛎壳10份、泽泻30份、怀牛膝40份。
优选的,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂35份、牡蛎壳15份、狗脊5份、女贞子15份、泽泻25份、怀牛膝45份。
优选的,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂45份、牡蛎壳5份、狗脊15份、女贞子5份、泽泻35份、怀牛膝35份。
优选的,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂38份、牡蛎壳12份、狗脊8份、女贞子12份、泽泻28份、怀牛膝42份。
优选的,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂42份、牡蛎壳8份、狗脊12份、女贞子8份、泽泻32份、怀牛膝38份。
所述补骨脂、狗脊、女贞子、牡蛎壳、泽泻、怀牛膝的颗粒度为20-200目。
所述中药组合物的投喂方式为拌入饲料中或者水煎服,按每公斤体重0.5g水煎后拌入饲料中给患病鸡投药,每天给药1次,连用5天。
一种治疗鸡软腿病的饲料,在传统鸡饲料中加入上述治疗鸡软腿病的药物组合物。
所述饲料在大规模鸡场养殖肉食鸡中的应用;
优选的,所述肉食鸡品种为白羽肉鸡和/或三黄肉鸡。
药物的特性如下:
补骨脂:味辛、苦,性温,归肾、脾经。有温肾壮阳,纳气,止泻之功,用于腰胯寒痛,肾虚冷泻,肾虚喘,阳痿,滑精,尿频数等。
狗脊:味苦、甘,性温。归肝、肾经。补肝肾,强腰膝,祛风湿。用于寒湿痹痛,腰肢无力,尿频数。
牡蛎壳:甘、淡,寒。归膀胱、肺、胃经。利尿通淋,清热解暑,祛湿敛疮。用于热淋,石淋,尿热涩痛,暑湿烦渴,湿热水泻;外治湿疹,湿疮,痱子。
女贞子:味甘、苦,性凉。归肝、肾经。补肝肾,强筋骨,明目。用于阴虚内热,腰肢无力,肾虚滑精,视力减退。
怀牛膝:味苦、甘、酸,性平。归肝、肾经。补肝肾,强筋骨,逐瘀通经,引血下行,引药下行。用于腰胯疼痛,跌打损伤,产后瘀血,胎衣不下。
中药组合物的配伍原则是“增效减毒”,因此,配伍不同的药物所体现的药理作用也不同。上述药物配伍,补骨脂、狗脊为君药,补肝肾强筋骨,温肾壮阳,散寒痛;女贞子为臣药,补益肾阴,君臣相伍,温肾助阳,补肾填精,温而不燥,滋而不腻。泽泻利水渗湿泄浊,为佐药;怀牛膝补肾壮骨,引药归肾,为使药。全方得以标本兼治、扶正祛邪,全面调整、平衡阴阳。
各药相伍,共同达到补肾壮骨、阴阳并补的作用,且调整体内气血运行,可以快速缓解疼痛等症状,恢复食欲及消化功能。
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果:
本发明以补肾壮骨、温补肾阳为治则,组方合理,制备工艺简单,适用范围广。本发明采用纯中草药材辩证配制,具有显著的调节机体机能的作用,可有效治疗鸡软腿病,针对性强,恢复期短,使用方便。临床试验证明,治愈率达到90%以上,有独特疗效。
具体实施方式
以下结合较佳实施例,对依据本发明提供的具体实施方式详述如下:
实施例1
将组方中的各种原料粉碎后过200目筛,称取补骨脂30份、狗脊10份、女贞子10份、牡蛎壳10份、泽泻30份、怀牛膝40份,混合均匀即可。
实施例2
将组方中的各种原料粉碎后过100目筛,称取补骨脂35份、牡蛎壳15份、狗脊5份、女贞子15份、泽泻25份、怀牛膝45份,混合均匀即可。
实施例3
将组方中的各种原料粉碎后过20目筛,称取补骨脂45份、牡蛎壳5份、狗脊15份、女贞子5份、泽泻35份、怀牛膝35份,混合均匀即可。
实施例4
将组方中的各种原料粉碎后过200目筛,称取补骨脂38份、牡蛎壳12份、狗脊8份、女贞子12份、泽泻28份、怀牛膝42份,混合均匀即可。
实施例5
将组方中的各种原料粉碎后过200目筛,称取补骨脂42份、牡蛎壳8份、狗脊12份、女贞子8份、泽泻32份、怀牛膝38份,混合均匀即可。
对比例1
将组方中的各种原料粉碎后过200目筛,称取桑寄生30份、狗脊10份、女贞子10份、牡蛎壳10份、泽泻30份、怀牛膝40份,混合均匀即可。
对比例2
将组方中的各种原料粉碎后过200目筛,称取补骨脂30份、菟丝子10份、女贞子10份、牡蛎壳10份、泽泻30份、怀牛膝40份,混合均匀即可。
对比例3
将组方中的各种原料粉碎后过200目筛,称取补骨脂30份、狗脊10份、五味子10份、牡蛎壳10份、泽泻30份、怀牛膝40份,混合均匀即可。
应用例1:
烟台莱山区鸡场三黄肉鸡
该场先后有2000只鸡患此病,病鸡精神表现沉郁,羽毛松软。两腿关节肿大。运步艰难,走路摇摆,不能站立;喜睡,身体发抖,头不能抬起。严重时常以跗关节着地或靠两冀支撑着地。因长期跗关节与两冀着地磨损发炎,两腿血行不畅变紫变冷,以致瘫痪。
应用本发明实施例1-5及对比例1-3的药物按每公斤体重0.5g水煎后拌入饲料中给患病鸡投药,每天给药1次,连用5天,以鸡行走正常,采食正常且1个月不复发为治愈标准,同时采用中国专利文献CN102512574A(申请号201110427425.7)中记载的实施例2中的技术方案,按照相同的施用量治疗作为对比例4,以不适用任何药物做为对照组,结果如下表所示:
表1
该组总只数 | 治愈只数 | 未治愈只数 | 死亡只数 | 治愈率 | |
实施例1 | 200 | 186 | 14 | 4 | 93% |
实施例2 | 200 | 182 | 18 | 2 | 91% |
实施例3 | 200 | 189 | 11 | 2 | 94.5% |
实施例4 | 200 | 185 | 15 | 5 | 92.5% |
实施例5 | 200 | 180 | 20 | 4 | 90% |
对比例1 | 200 | 174 | 26 | 6 | 87% |
对比例2 | 200 | 169 | 31 | 6 | 84.5% |
对比例3 | 200 | 175 | 25 | 6 | 87.5% |
对比例4 | 200 | 170 | 30 | 13 | 85% |
对照组 | 200 | 0 | 200 | 18 | 0 |
结果分析
由结果可知,本申请的药物组合实施例1在治愈率方面明显高于对比例1组。补骨脂与桑寄生由于其归经的不同,导致其作用有差异。实施例1中的补骨脂,入脾、肾经,能暖水脏、补火以生土,则肾中真阳之气得补而上升,则能腐熟水谷、蒸糟粕而化精微。脾气散精上归于肺,以荣养乎五脏,故主五脏之劳。而桑寄生则入肝、肾经,有补益肝肾的作用,对肝肾不足引起的筋骨无力以及四肢疼痛等症状有治疗的功效。由此可见,本申请的药物组合物中特定的主药补骨脂有补肾壮阳、补脾健胃之功效,其健脾气、能够促使气血生成,且合肌肉而主四肢,又与引经药怀牛膝配伍使用,共同达到行气活血、舒筋活络、强筋壮骨之功效。因此,可以有效治疗鸡软腿病导致的两腿关节肿大,运步艰难,走路摇摆,不能站立等症状。
本发明实施例1在治愈率方面明显高于对比例2组。本申请的药物组合物中狗脊入肝肾经,具有补肝肾、强腰膝、祛风湿的功效,属祛风湿药下属分类的祛风湿强筋骨药。而场地潮湿是鸡软腿病发生的诱因,因此补骨脂与狗脊相须为用,能增强其补肾壮骨、祛风湿的功效。虽菟丝子入脾、肝、肾经,补脾故养肌,益肝肾故强阴、坚筋骨,暖而能补肾中阳气。但对比例中用菟丝子替换狗脊后,治疗效果却明显减低,可能与组方中整体的配伍协同作用减弱有关,尤其是祛风湿的功效降低。由此可见,本申请的药物组合物通过科学配伍,具有补肾壮骨、温阳化水、阴阳并补的功效,可以有效治疗鸡软腿病导致的两腿关节肿大,运步艰难,走路摇摆,不能站立等症状。
本发明实施例1在治愈率方面明显高于对比例3组。本申请的药物组合物中女贞子入肝肾经,具有滋肾益肝,强腰膝的功效。《草本经疏》中说:“女贞子气味俱阴,正入肾除热补精之要品,肾得补,则五脏自安,精神自足,百病去而身肥健矣。”表明女贞子擅长补益肾阴,与补肾壮阳的补骨脂、狗脊配伍使用,阴阳并补最合适。五味子入肺、心、肾经,具有收敛固涩、益气生津、补肾宁心的功效。但对比例中用五味子替换女贞子后,治疗效果较差,可能与组方中整体的配伍协同作用减弱有关。
应用例2:
威海文登鸡场白羽肉鸡
该场先后有3000只鸡患有此病,病鸡精神表现沉郁,羽毛松软。两腿关节肿大。运步艰难,走路摇摆,不能站立;喜睡,身体发抖,头不能抬起。严重时常以跗关节着地或靠两冀支撑着地。因长期跗关节与两冀着地磨损发炎,两腿血行不畅变紫变冷,以致瘫痪。
应用本发明实施例2的药物按每公斤体重0.5g拌入饲料中给患病鸡投药,每天给药1次,连用5天,以鸡行走正常,采食正常,且1个月不复发为治愈标准,同时采用中国专利文献CN102512574A(申请号201110427425.7)中记载的实施例2中的技术方案,按照相同的施用量治疗作为对比例4,以施用用任何药物做为对照组,结果如下表所示:
表2
该组总只数 | 治愈只数 | 未治愈只数 | 死亡只数 | 治愈率 | |
实施例1 | 300 | 275 | 25 | 7 | 91.7% |
实施例2 | 300 | 273 | 27 | 9 | 91% |
实施例3 | 300 | 272 | 28 | 5 | 90.7% |
实施例4 | 300 | 270 | 30 | 10 | 90% |
实施例5 | 300 | 279 | 21 | 7 | 93% |
对比例1 | 300 | 260 | 40 | 12 | 87% |
对比例2 | 300 | 257 | 43 | 13 | 85.7% |
对比例3 | 300 | 255 | 45 | 13 | 85% |
对比例4 | 300 | 259 | 41 | 12 | 86.3% |
对照组 | 300 | 0 | 300 | 27 | 0 |
本发明药物无毒副作用,使用方便。应用时,本发明药物按每公斤体重0.5g拌入饲料中给鸡投药,每天给药1次,连用5天,以鸡行走正常,采食正常为治愈标准,临床试验证明,有独特疗效。
结果分析
应用例2实际施用于白羽肉鸡的结果与应用例1施用于三黄肉鸡的结果类似,由于白羽肉鸡出栏速度较三黄肉鸡段,因此整体治愈效果稍低。
应用例3
临沂某蛋鸭场
该场先后有4000只产蛋鸭发病,蛋鸭表现的产蛋量大幅度下降,产蛋有鸭表现为精神沉郁、羽毛松散,两腿关节肿大。运步艰难,走路摇摆,不能站立,尤其在病后期,常卧地不起,或两翅扑地而行。
应用本发明实施例的药物按每公斤体重0.5g拌入饲料中给患病鸭投药,每天给药1次,连用5天,以行走正常,采食正常,且1个月不复发为治愈标准,同时采用中国专利文献CN102512574A(申请号201110427425.7)中记载的实施例2中的技术方案,按照相同的施用量治疗作为对比例4,以不适用任何药物做为对照组,结果如下表所示:
表3
该组总只数 | 治愈只数 | 未治愈只数 | 死亡只数 | 治愈率 | |
实施例1 | 400 | 260 | 140 | 15 | 65% |
实施例2 | 400 | 254 | 146 | 9 | 63.5% |
实施例3 | 400 | 246 | 154 | 13 | 61.5% |
实施例4 | 400 | 228 | 172 | 17 | 57% |
实施例5 | 400 | 262 | 138 | 16 | 65.5% |
对比例1 | 400 | 243 | 157 | 12 | 60.75% |
对比例2 | 400 | 237 | 163 | 13 | 59.25% |
对比例3 | 400 | 227 | 173 | 13 | 56.75% |
对比例4 | 400 | 221 | 179 | 12 | 55.25% |
对照组 | 400 | 0 | 400 | 27 | 0 |
结果分析
鸭为水禽动物,这与鸡类飞禽属于火性动物明显不同,其主要栖息环境为潮湿的环境,因此软腿病产生与鸡的软腿病发病有差异;并且这种差异导致在用药配伍过程中的差异,通过表3的数据也可以看出,本申请所述方剂在用于治疗鸭软腿病时的效果显著差于鸡。
上述参照实施例对治疗鸡软腿病的中药组合物进行的详细描述,是说明性的而不是限定性的,可按照所限定范围列举出若干个实施例,因此在不脱离本发明总体构思下的变化和修改,应属本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗鸡软腿病的药物组合物,其特征在于,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂35-45份、牡蛎壳5-15份、狗脊5-15份、女贞子5-15份、泽泻25-35份、怀牛膝35-45份。
2.如权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂35份、牡蛎壳15份、狗脊5份、女贞子15份、泽泻25份、怀牛膝45份。
3.如权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂45份、牡蛎壳5份、狗脊15份、女贞子5份、泽泻35份、怀牛膝35份。
4.如权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂38份、牡蛎壳12份、狗脊8份、女贞子12份、泽泻28份、怀牛膝42份。
5.如权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂42份、牡蛎壳8份、狗脊12份、女贞子8份、泽泻32份、怀牛膝38份。
6.一种治疗鸡软腿病的药物组合物,其特征在于,由以下原料药组成,均为重量份:
补骨脂30份、狗脊10份、女贞子10份、牡蛎壳10份、泽泻30份、怀牛膝40份。
7.如权利要求1-6任意一项所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述补骨脂、狗脊、女贞子、牡蛎壳、泽泻、怀牛膝的颗粒度为20-200目。
8.一种治疗鸡软腿病的饲料,其特征在于,在传统鸡饲料中加入权利要求1-6任意一项所述的治疗鸡软腿病的药物组合物。
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