CN111339598A - BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method - Google Patents
BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method, relates to the technical field of building construction, and aims to solve the technical problems that the installation and connection conditions of various devices can only be known after the construction is finished in the existing machine room design mode, and the repeated construction is easily caused to cause material waste due to the fact that no real-time model guidance exists, and the technical scheme is characterized by comprising the following steps: s100, surveying and mapping on the spot, and establishing a surveying and mapping database according to data obtained by surveying and mapping; s200, carrying out BIM modeling according to the data obtained by mapping, and planning the position of the equipment in advance in the modeling process; s300, planning paths of a line pipe, a water pipe and an air pipe used in the machine room, and adjusting in real time according to the planning; s400, performing modular production on the line pipe, the water pipe and the air pipe of the machine room according to the basis provided by the model; and S500, performing modular assembly and assembly on the machine room site. The effects of reducing material waste in the construction process and effectively saving resources are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method.
Background
The BIM (building Information modeling) technology is firstly proposed by Autodesk company in 2002, has been widely recognized in the world, can help to realize the integration of building Information, and all kinds of Information are always integrated in a three-dimensional model Information database from the design, construction and operation of a building to the end of the whole life cycle of the building, and personnel of design teams, construction units, facility operation departments, owners and the like can perform cooperative work based on the BIM, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency, saving resources, reducing the cost and realizing sustainable development.
The core of BIM is to provide a complete building engineering information base consistent with the actual situation for a virtual building engineering three-dimensional model by establishing the model and utilizing the digital technology. The information base not only contains geometrical information, professional attributes and state information describing building components, but also contains state information of non-component objects (such as space and motion behaviors). By means of the three-dimensional model containing the construction engineering information, the information integration degree of the construction engineering is greatly improved, and therefore a platform for engineering information exchange and sharing is provided for related interest parties of the construction engineering project.
In the process of machine room design, constructors often select the positions of the devices according to own experience, then lay pipelines between two adjacent devices according to the positions selected by the devices, and then arrange cables, water pipes and air pipes, so that the machine room arrangement of the whole floor is realized.
However, the existing machine room design mode can only know the installation and connection conditions of various devices after the construction is completed, and has no real-time model guidance, which easily causes material waste due to repeated construction, and thus needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method, which has the advantages of reducing material waste in the construction process and effectively saving resources.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method comprises the following steps:
s100, surveying and mapping on the spot, and establishing a surveying and mapping database according to data obtained by surveying and mapping;
s200, carrying out BIM modeling according to the data obtained by mapping, and planning the position of the equipment in advance in the modeling process;
s300, planning paths of a line pipe, a water pipe and an air pipe used in the machine room, and adjusting in real time according to the planning;
s400, performing modular production on the line pipe, the water pipe and the air pipe of the machine room according to the basis provided by the model;
and S500, performing modular assembly and assembly on the machine room site.
By adopting the technical scheme, various possible placing positions of the equipment are simulated in advance by establishing a BIM model, and then the optimal equipment position is selected by calculating the maximum utilization rate of the machine room space according to the requirements of the machine room; various pipeline connection modes are simulated according to the position of equipment and the position of a main pipeline which is determined in advance, the pipeline connection mode which saves most materials and cost is selected through material statistics in BIM, and an intuitive 3D model can be established to guide construction, so that material waste caused by wrong installation due to no model guidance in the construction process is effectively reduced, resources are effectively saved, and the resource utilization efficiency is improved.
Further, step S100 includes the following sub-steps:
s110, measuring and recording the size of the machine room;
s120, inputting the recorded data into a database to form a mapping database of a machine room;
and S130, establishing a server corresponding to the mapping database and connecting the server with a network.
By adopting the technical scheme, the most accurate data of the machine room can be obtained by carrying out on-site survey on the data of the machine room, so that the inaccuracy of modeling caused by errors generated in the construction process and drawings is reduced; meanwhile, by establishing the database, the calling of data and the storage of the model at the later stage are facilitated, and therefore online access is facilitated.
Further, step S200 includes the following sub-steps:
s210, modeling the building structure of the floor according to the data obtained by mapping;
s220, selecting an optimal equipment position and marking the equipment position preset in the house;
s230, establishing a model of the equipment and reserving enough maintenance space and walking space;
and S240, inputting the connection point coordinates of all the devices into a mapping database.
By adopting the technical scheme, the floor is modeled, various position arrangements of the equipment are tested through the BIM, the optimal equipment position is selected, and the coordinate points of all the equipment are input into the database, so that the modeling calling in the later period is facilitated, the length of an algorithm calculation pipeline is increased, and the data calling rapidity is improved; and a maintenance space and a walking space are reserved for the equipment model, so that later-period operators can conveniently overhaul the equipment model.
Further, step S220 includes the following sub-steps:
s221, measuring and counting the size and the number of the equipment, and recording data obtained by measurement and counting into a mapping database;
s222, preferentially arranging large-size equipment, placing the same type of equipment at a close or adjacent position, preferentially selecting a machine room position with a larger area to place the large-size equipment, and then arranging the position of the small-size equipment;
s223, reserving a certain space between two adjacent devices, and adopting a plurality of device layout and arrangement modes;
and S224, carrying out modeling test on each equipment arrangement mode, calculating the machine room utilization rate of each equipment arrangement mode, and finally selecting the equipment arrangement mode with the highest utilization rate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through reserve the heat dissipation that is convenient for later maintenance and equipment room in space between adjacent equipment, big-end-first-little order of arranging can make full use of space arrange equipment for arranging of equipment is neat more, pleasing to the eye, puts together the equipment of the same type simultaneously and is convenient for later stage to overhaul and the connection of later stage pipeline.
Further, step S300 includes the following sub-steps:
s310, predetermining the position of a main pipeline of each floor and establishing a BIM (building information modeling);
s320, in the BIM model, connecting the main pipeline with equipment in a linear connection mode preferably, and connecting by using an elbow when a corner and a block appear;
s330, trying a plurality of pipeline connection paths, and modeling each pipeline connection path;
s340, summarizing the lengths of the adopted pipelines through line statistics in the BIM, finally selecting a path with the least used materials, and uploading the finally selected model to a mapping database.
By adopting the technical scheme, through comparison of various pipeline connecting paths, the pipeline connecting path with the least material and the least cost is selected, so that resources can be further saved, the arrangement of pipelines and equipment can maximize the utilization of a machine room, the practicability of the pipelines can be saved, and the resources are further saved; meanwhile, the final model after the equipment and pipeline modeling is finished is uploaded to a mapping database, so that a person who passes the identity verification can access the mapping database, the construction is well guided, and the construction error rate is reduced.
Further, step S400 includes the following sub-steps:
s410, dividing the selected distribution path into pipeline modules, measuring the sizes of the divided pipeline modules, generating a two-dimensional code according to the BIM model and the sizes, and sending the two-dimensional code to a manufacturer;
s420, performing modular production on each formed module according to the specification and the requirement in the two-dimensional code;
and S430, after the production is finished, checking the module produced by the manufacturer according to the model and the size data in the two-dimensional code.
By adopting the technical scheme, the final models of the equipment and the pipeline are subjected to module division, the models and the sizes of the divided modules are generated into the two-dimensional codes, the two-dimensional codes are sent to manufacturers to customize the modules and can be subjected to spot check through the two-dimensional codes, so that paper resources are saved, the communication efficiency is improved, and the modules are more efficiently and accurately produced.
Further, step S500 includes the following sub-steps:
s510, installing fan equipment and an air pipe module, and performing mute processing at the joint of the air pipe module and the fan equipment;
s520, installing water pipe modules, and sealing between two adjacent water pipe modules;
and S530, installing the line pipe module, assembling the line pipe module produced in advance, and reserving enough maintenance allowance when the electric wire is penetrated.
By adopting the technical scheme, modular production is convenient for modular installation in the later period, construction efficiency is improved, and human resources are effectively saved, so that cost is further controlled, and cost investment is reduced; the silent treatment of the air pipe, the sealing treatment of the water pipe and the quick installation of the line pipe are improved, the installation quality is improved while the efficiency is improved, and the noise hazard is reduced.
Further, the spool module includes the spool main part, the access hole has been seted up to the spool main part position in the intermediate position, the stopper is equipped with closed arc board in the access hole, the lateral wall of access hole is provided with the backup pad that can offset with closed arc board.
By adopting the technical scheme, on one hand, the maintenance port formed in the line pipe module opens the closed arc plate after the later installation is completed, so that the internal line is maintained; on the other hand, the setting of access hole can provide help when the spool installation is worn to establish with the circuit to be convenient for realize the quick fixed of spool and the quick of circuit and wear to establish.
Furthermore, sealing rubber rings are arranged on the periphery of the sealing arc plate, a rotating block is fixed in the middle of the sealing arc plate, an operation pull ring is rotatably connected to the rotating block, and damping rubber is arranged at the joint of the rotating block and the operation pull ring.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sealing rubber ring is convenient for sealing the access hole, so that the entry of wet air is reduced; due to the existence of the sealing rubber ring, the sealing arc plate is installed more firmly and is not convenient to take down; and the setting of operation pull ring is convenient for grip to be convenient for pull out sealed arc board from the access hole, damping rubber then is convenient for fix the operation pull ring, thereby keep the level of operation pull ring when not, prevent that operation pull ring excessively protrusion in sealed arc board lateral wall.
Furthermore, support rods are respectively fixed at two ends of the line pipe main body, which are positioned at the access hole, the outer side wall of each support rod is rotatably connected with a limiting ring, and the limiting ring is provided with a abdicating plane for the sealed arc plate and the sealed rubber ring to be separated; the operation pull ring is provided with a connecting rope, one end of the connecting rope, which is far away from the operation pull ring, is provided with a fixing ring, and the fixing ring is sleeved on one of the support rods.
By adopting the technical scheme, the limiting ring rotating on the supporting rod is convenient for fixing the closed arc plate, so that the stability of fixing the closed arc plate is further improved; and the setting of connecting the rope is convenient for fix sealed arc board on the bracing piece to prevent that operating personnel from sealing the arc board and dropping when taking off sealed arc board and overhauing.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. equipment points are selected by adopting a BIM mode and the utilization rate of the machine room is calculated, so that the effect of fully utilizing the space of the machine room is achieved;
2. BIM modeling is adopted to simulate the pipeline arrangement path, so that a practical and economical pipeline effect is generated;
3. the spool main part, the access hole, the closed arc plate, the supporting plate, the sealing rubber ring, the rotating block, the operation pull ring, the damping rubber, the supporting rod, the limiting ring, the abdicating plane, the connecting rope and the fixed ring matched technology are adopted, so that the effects of facilitating the installation of the spool module and later-period maintenance are generated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall framework diagram of a BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method in the embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the step S100 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the step S200 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the step S220 in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the step S300 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the step S400 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a step S500 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a conduit module according to an embodiment;
fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 8.
In the figure: 1. a spool body; 11. an access hole; 111. a support plate; 12. a support bar; 121. a limiting ring; 1211. a yielding plane; 2. closing the arc plate; 21. sealing the rubber ring; 22. rotating the block; 221. operating the pull ring; 2211. connecting ropes; 2212. a fixing ring; 222. damping rubber.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
a method for machine room arrangement and construction guidance based on BIM is disclosed, referring to FIG. 1, which comprises the following steps:
s100, carrying out field surveying and mapping on the floor through a 3D scanning technology, and establishing a surveying and mapping database according to data obtained by surveying and mapping; s200, carrying out BIM modeling according to the data obtained by mapping, and planning the position of the equipment in advance in the modeling process; s300, planning paths of a line pipe, a water pipe and an air pipe used in the machine room, and adjusting in real time according to the planning; s400, performing modular production on the line pipe, the water pipe and the air pipe of the machine room according to the basis provided by the model; and S500, performing modular assembly and assembly on the machine room site.
Referring to fig. 2, wherein step S100 further includes the following steps: s110, scanning the outline and the internal structure of the machine room through a laser range finder and a 3D scanning technology to measure the size and record; s120, inputting the recorded data into a database to form a mapping database of a machine room for subsequent calling; s130, establishing a server corresponding to the mapping database and connecting the server with a network, wherein the server is a cloud server with identity authentication, so that the mapping database can be accessed online through the Internet.
Referring to fig. 3, BIM modeling is performed according to the mapping data, and the step S200 of planning the position of the device in advance during modeling further includes the following sub-steps: s210, calling floor and room layout data in a mapping database according to the data obtained by mapping, and carrying out BIM modeling on the building structure of the floor; s220, selecting an optimal equipment position, marking the equipment position preset in the house, marking the connection position of the equipment and recording the coordinate value of the mark because a machine room and an equipment hole are reserved in the house; s230, establishing a model of the equipment, adjusting the position of the equipment, and reserving enough maintenance space and walking space; and S240, inputting the connection point coordinates of all the devices into a mapping database.
Referring to fig. 4, wherein step S220 further includes the following steps: s221, measuring the size of the equipment and counting the number of all the equipment by using a 3D laser scanning system, and recording data obtained by measurement and counting into a surveying and mapping database; s222, preferentially arranging large-size equipment, placing the same type of equipment at a close or adjacent position, preferentially selecting a machine room position with a larger area to place the large-size equipment, and then arranging the position of the small-size equipment; s223, reserving a certain space between two adjacent devices, so that the equipment can conveniently walk between different devices and can conveniently dissipate heat of the equipment, and adopting various equipment layout and arrangement modes; and S224, carrying out modeling test on each equipment arrangement mode, calculating the machine room utilization rate of each equipment arrangement mode, and finally selecting the equipment arrangement mode with the highest utilization rate as the optimal equipment arrangement mode.
Referring to fig. 5, the step S300 of planning paths of the line pipes, the water pipes and the air pipes used in the machine room and adjusting in real time according to the planning further includes the following substeps: s310, determining the position of a main pipeline of each floor according to requirements in advance and establishing a BIM (building information modeling), wherein the main pipeline comprises a line pipe, a water pipe and an air pipe; s320, in the BIM, aiming at the requirements of each room and the requirements of machine room layout, connecting the main pipeline and the equipment in a linear connection mode preferentially, and connecting the main pipeline and the equipment in an elbow when a corner and a block occur; s330, trying a plurality of pipeline connection paths, and modeling each pipeline connection path; s340, summarizing the length of each pipeline adopted through line statistics in the BIM, inputting the cost of various pipelines and connecting pieces, finally selecting a path with the least used materials and the least cost, and uploading the finally selected model to a mapping database.
Referring to fig. 6, the step S400 of modularly producing the line pipes, water pipes and air pipes of the machine room according to the basis provided by the model further includes the steps of: s410, dividing the selected distribution path into pipeline modules, measuring the sizes of the divided pipeline modules, generating a two-dimensional code according to the BIM model and the sizes, and sending the two-dimensional code to a manufacturer; s420, a manufacturer scans the two-dimensional code to directly check the model and the size of the pipeline module to be produced, and modular production is carried out on each formed module according to the specification and the requirement recorded in the two-dimensional code; s430, after the production is finished, the module produced by the manufacturer is checked according to the data and the size in the two-dimensional code, and an inspector accesses the surveying and mapping database by scanning the two-dimensional code to perform sampling inspection on actual products produced by the manufacturer.
Referring to fig. 7, the step S500 of performing modular assembling and splicing on the machine room site further includes the following steps:
s510, installing fan equipment and an air pipe module, and performing silencing treatment at the joint of the air pipe module and the fan equipment, wherein the silencing treatment comprises the steps of installing a silencing rubber pad at the bottom of a fan, installing a silencing sponge in a pipe dividing module and wrapping a heat-insulating pad on the outer side wall of an air pipe; s520, installing water pipe modules of water pump equipment, sealing between every two adjacent water pipe modules, and installing spring buffer equipment at the bottom of a water pump; and S530, installing the line pipe module, assembling the line pipe module produced in advance, and reserving enough maintenance allowance when the electric wire is penetrated.
Referring to fig. 8, its spool module includes spool main part 1, and access hole 11 has been seted up to spool main part 1 lieing in the intermediate position, and access hole 11 is the one-third circular arc along the radial cross-section of spool main part 1, and the stopper is equipped with closed arc board 2 in the access hole 11, seals arc board 2 and glues inherent sealing rubber circle 21 all around, and the lateral wall integrated into one piece of access hole 11 has the backup pad 111 that can offset with closed arc board 2, thereby sealing rubber circle 21 seals access hole 11 with 11 interference fit of access hole.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a rotating block 22 is integrally formed in the middle of the closed arc plate 2, the rotating block 22 is cylindrical, the rotating block 22 is rotatably connected with an operation pull ring 221 along the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the closed arc plate 2, the operation pull ring 221 is semicircular and is radially inserted in the rotating block 22 along the rotating block 22, damping rubber 222 is adhered to the joint of the rotating block 22 and the operation pull ring 221, and the closed arc plate 2 is clamped in the access opening 11, so that the operation pull ring 221 is convenient for pulling out the closed arc plate 2 from the access opening 11.
Referring to fig. 8, the spool body 1 is located at two ends of the access opening 11 and is respectively connected with the support rods 12 by screw thread and welding, the outer side walls of the support rods 12 are sleeved and rotatably connected with the limit rings 121, and one side of each limit ring 121 is provided with a yielding plane 1211 from which the sealing arc plate 2 and the sealing rubber ring 21 are separated. The operation pull ring 221 is tied with a connection rope 2211, one end of the connection rope 2211 far away from the operation pull ring 221 is knotted to form a fixing ring 2212, and the fixing ring 2212 is sleeved on one of the support rods 12 to prevent the closed arc plate 2 from being lost.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method is characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
s100, surveying and mapping on the spot, and establishing a surveying and mapping database according to data obtained by surveying and mapping;
s200, carrying out BIM modeling according to the data obtained by mapping, and planning the position of the equipment in advance in the modeling process;
s300, planning paths of a line pipe, a water pipe and an air pipe used in the machine room, and adjusting in real time according to the planning;
s400, performing modular production on the line pipe, the water pipe and the air pipe of the machine room according to the basis provided by the model;
and S500, performing modular assembly and assembly on the machine room site.
2. The BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method according to claim 1, wherein: step S100 includes the following substeps:
s110, measuring and recording the size of the machine room;
s120, inputting the recorded data into a database to form a mapping database of a machine room;
and S130, establishing a server corresponding to the mapping database and connecting the server with a network.
3. The BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method according to claim 1, wherein: step S200 includes the following substeps:
s210, modeling the building structure of the floor according to the data obtained by mapping;
s220, selecting an optimal equipment position and marking the equipment position preset in the house;
s230, establishing a model of the equipment and reserving enough maintenance space and walking space;
and S240, inputting the connection point coordinates of all the devices into a mapping database.
4. The BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method according to claim 3, wherein: step S220 includes the following substeps:
s221, measuring and counting the size and the number of the equipment, and recording data obtained by measurement and counting into a mapping database;
s222, preferentially arranging large-size equipment, placing the same type of equipment at a close or adjacent position, preferentially selecting a machine room position with a larger area to place the large-size equipment, and then arranging the position of the small-size equipment;
s223, reserving a certain space between two adjacent devices, and adopting a plurality of device layout and arrangement modes;
and S224, carrying out modeling test on each equipment arrangement mode, calculating the machine room utilization rate of each equipment arrangement mode, and finally selecting the equipment arrangement mode with the highest utilization rate.
5. The BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method according to claim 1, wherein: step S300 includes the following substeps:
s310, predetermining the position of a main pipeline of each floor and establishing a BIM (building information modeling);
s320, in the BIM model, connecting the main pipeline with equipment in a linear connection mode preferably, and connecting by using an elbow when a corner and a block appear;
s330, trying a plurality of pipeline connection paths, and modeling each pipeline connection path;
s340, summarizing the lengths of the adopted pipelines through line statistics in the BIM, finally selecting a path with the least used materials, and uploading the finally selected model to a mapping database.
6. The BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method according to claim 1, wherein: step S400 includes the following substeps:
s410, dividing the selected distribution path into pipeline modules, measuring the sizes of the divided pipeline modules, generating a two-dimensional code according to the BIM model and the sizes, and sending the two-dimensional code to a manufacturer;
s420, performing modular production on each formed module according to the specification and the requirement in the two-dimensional code;
and S430, after the production is finished, checking the module produced by the manufacturer according to the model and the size data in the two-dimensional code.
7. The BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method according to claim 6, wherein: step S500 includes the following substeps:
s510, installing fan equipment and an air pipe module, and performing mute processing at the joint of the air pipe module and the fan equipment;
s520, installing water pipe modules, and sealing between two adjacent water pipe modules;
and S530, installing the line pipe module, assembling the line pipe module produced in advance, and reserving enough maintenance allowance when the electric wire is penetrated.
8. The BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method according to claim 7, wherein: the spool module includes spool main part (1), access hole (11) have been seted up to spool main part (1) position in the intermediate position, stopper is equipped with closed arc board (2) in access hole (11), the lateral wall of access hole (11) is provided with backup pad (111) that can offset with closed arc board (2).
9. The BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method according to claim 8, wherein: the sealing device is characterized in that sealing rubber rings (21) are arranged on the periphery of the sealing arc plate (2), a rotating block (22) is fixed in the middle of the sealing arc plate (2), an operation pull ring (221) is connected to the rotating block (22) in a rotating mode, and damping rubber (222) is arranged at the joint of the rotating block (22) and the operation pull ring (221).
10. The BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method according to claim 9, wherein: the spool body (1) is positioned at two ends of the access hole (11) and is respectively fixed with a support rod (12), the outer side wall of the support rod (12) is rotatably connected with a limiting ring (121), and the limiting ring (121) is provided with a yielding plane (1211) for the sealed arc plate (2) and the sealing rubber ring (21) to be separated; the operation pull ring (221) is provided with a connecting rope (2211), one end, away from the operation pull ring (221), of the connecting rope (2211) is provided with a fixing ring (2212), and the fixing ring (2212) is sleeved on one of the support rods (12).
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| CN202010132021.4A CN111339598A (en) | 2020-02-29 | 2020-02-29 | BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method |
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| CN202010132021.4A CN111339598A (en) | 2020-02-29 | 2020-02-29 | BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method |
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| CN202010132021.4A Pending CN111339598A (en) | 2020-02-29 | 2020-02-29 | BIM-based machine room arrangement and construction guidance method |
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