CN111338021A - Preparation method of electric control fiber grating - Google Patents
Preparation method of electric control fiber grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN111338021A CN111338021A CN202010193674.3A CN202010193674A CN111338021A CN 111338021 A CN111338021 A CN 111338021A CN 202010193674 A CN202010193674 A CN 202010193674A CN 111338021 A CN111338021 A CN 111338021A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an electric control fiber grating system, which comprises the following steps of S1: preprocessing an optical fiber to manufacture and cover an electromagnetic induction material layer on a normal grating modulation area of the optical fiber distributed along the axial direction to form an optical fiber grating element; step S2: and adopting an alternating magnetic field to act with the electromagnetic induction material layer, so that the electromagnetic induction material layer generates heat to further heat the normal grating modulation area of the optical fiber, thereby changing the refractive index of the normal grating modulation area and forming the optical fiber grating. The preparation method does not need expensive instrument equipment, greatly saves equipment cost, simplifies the preparation process, ensures that the fiber grating element can be heated only when being placed in an alternating magnetic field, greatly improves the safety factor, can modulate the writing spectrum of the fiber grating in real time, has higher yield and controllable preparation time, is beneficial to realizing mass production, and can recycle the fiber grating element for preparing different fiber gratings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical fiber sensing technology, in particular to a preparation method of an electric control optical fiber grating.
Background
The fiber grating has the advantages of small volume, low welding loss, compatibility with optical fibers, embedding of intelligent materials and the like, and the resonance wavelength of the fiber grating is sensitive to changes of external environments such as temperature, strain, refractive index, concentration and the like, so the fiber grating is widely applied to the fields of optical fiber communication and sensing. The existing fiber grating preparation methods mainly comprise a CO2 laser etching method, an arc discharge method, an HF wet etching method, a periodic deformation, an amplitude mask method, a femtosecond laser direct writing method and the like. By way of illustration, a comparative typical processing among others is as follows:
CO2 laser etching method: a single laser pulse passes through a focusing lens and irradiates on an optical fiber, an imaging system is erected on the optical fiber to observe whether light deforms in the grating writing process, the grating is written point by point through laser on one side, the on-off of the laser is controlled by a switch, and after irradiation is carried out on one position, the position of the optical fiber is moved axially to write the next grating area. This writing technology advantage is obvious, need not to carry out the sensitization to optic fibre, can be through the convenient control laser motion trail of computer, but has certain defect, carves the switching-on of in-process through computer operation laser and the displacement of optic fibre, hardly guarantees the precision that focus laser facula and optic fibre aim at every turn, is unfavorable for grating and carves stability and the uniformity of writing.
An amplitude mask method: the key of the method is that the amplitude mask plate can induce the periodic refractive index change in the optical fiber to manufacture the long-period grating structure after the ultraviolet light penetrates through the amplitude mask plate to transversely expose the optical fiber. Because the period of the long periodic fiber grating is larger, the manufacturing precision of the mask can be ensured, and therefore, the grating which has high consistency and meets the spectrum requirement is easy to obtain, and the method is continuously used and is in the mainstream position of the preparation process. However, the method has many disadvantages, firstly, photosensitive optical fiber is needed, the finished product is unstable at high temperature, the LPG needs to be annealed to ensure that the LPG can be used at high temperature, and secondly, the period of the amplitude mask is fixed, so that the period length cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the requirement, and the preparation cost is greatly increased.
Femtosecond laser direct writing method: the femtosecond laser focus focused by the objective lens is incident into the fiber core of the germanium-doped optical fiber, the refractive index of the region irradiated by the laser is increased, and meanwhile, the optical fiber is moved in parallel, so that a periodic waveguide structure is formed in the glass. The femtosecond laser is used for directly writing the fiber grating, a phase (amplitude) mask plate is not needed, and the fiber grating of any type can be prepared only by controlling the relative position of a facula focus on a fiber core.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the preparation method of the electric control fiber grating system, expensive instruments and equipment are not needed, the equipment cost is greatly saved, the preparation process is simplified, the fiber grating element can be heated only when being placed in an alternating magnetic field, the safety coefficient is greatly improved, the written spectrum of the fiber grating can be modulated in real time, the yield is higher, the preparation time is controllable, the mass production can be favorably realized, and the fiber grating element can be recycled to prepare different fiber gratings.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an electric control fiber grating comprises the following steps:
step S1: preprocessing an optical fiber to manufacture and cover an electromagnetic induction material layer on a normal grating modulation area of the optical fiber distributed along the axial direction to form an optical fiber grating element;
step S2: and adopting an alternating magnetic field to act with the electromagnetic induction material layer, so that the electromagnetic induction material layer generates heat to further heat the normal grating modulation area of the optical fiber, thereby changing the refractive index of the normal grating modulation area and forming the optical fiber grating.
Further, after step S2, the method further includes the following steps:
step S3: and modulating the real-time writing spectrum of the fiber grating into the required writing spectrum by controlling the alternating magnetic field.
Further, step S3 includes the following steps:
step S3.1: coupling a detection beam into the fiber grating element;
step S3.2: receiving light beams transmitted or reflected from the fiber grating element to obtain a real-time written spectrum of the fiber grating;
step S3.3: and controlling the alternating magnetic field to modulate the real-time writing spectrum of the fiber bragg grating into the required writing spectrum.
Further, at least one of a resonance peak wavelength, a loss peak intensity, and a preparation modulation time of the fiber grating is modulated by controlling a magnetic field intensity and/or an alternating frequency of the alternating magnetic field.
Further, the alternating magnetic field is controlled by controlling an alternating current generating the alternating magnetic field.
Further, at least one of a resonance peak wavelength, a loss peak intensity, and a preparation modulation time of the fiber grating is modulated by controlling a current-voltage intensity and/or an alternating frequency of the alternating current.
Further, step S1 includes the following steps:
step S1.1: determining the positions of normal grating modulation areas of the needed fiber gratings along the axial direction of the optical fiber according to a phase matching formula;
step S1.2: and manufacturing and covering the electromagnetic induction material layer on the normal grating modulation area of the optical fiber distributed along the axial direction.
Further, step S1.2 comprises the steps of:
step S1.2.1: manufacturing a covering insulating material layer on the surface of the optical fiber;
step S1.2.2: stripping the insulating heat insulation material layer covering the normal grating modulation area to expose the normal grating modulation area from the insulating heat insulation material layer;
step S1.2.3: and manufacturing and covering the electromagnetic induction material layer on the exposed normal grating modulation area.
Further, step S1.2 comprises the steps of:
step S1.2.1: manufacturing and covering a coating material layer on the surface of the optical fiber;
step S1.2.2: stripping the coating material layer covering the normal grating modulation area to expose the normal grating modulation area from the coating material layer;
step S1.2.3: manufacturing and covering the electromagnetic induction material layer on the exposed normal grating modulation area;
step S1.2.4: the remaining coating material layer is stripped.
Further, step S1.2 comprises the steps of:
step S1.2.1: manufacturing a layer covering the electromagnetic induction material on the surface of the optical fiber;
step S1.2.2: manufacturing and covering a photosensitive material layer on the surface of the electromagnetic induction material layer;
step S1.2.3: exposing and developing the photosensitive material layer to expose the electromagnetic induction material layer covering the normal grating modulation area from the photosensitive material layer;
step S1.2.4: and etching the exposed electromagnetic induction material layer.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the preparation method, the electromagnetic induction material layers with different distribution laws are used for performing electromagnetic induction, so that different fiber gratings can be prepared, expensive instruments and equipment are not needed, the equipment cost is greatly saved, the preparation process is simplified, the fiber grating element can be heated only when being placed in an alternating magnetic field, the safety coefficient is greatly improved, the written spectrum of the fiber grating can be modulated in real time, the yield is higher, the preparation time is controllable, the mass production can be favorably realized, and the fiber grating element can be recycled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the steps of a method for manufacturing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating element of a long periodic fiber grating according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a transmitted light spectrum of the long period fiber grating shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating element of a short-period fiber grating provided in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a reflection spectrum of the short-period fiber grating of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating element of a non-periodic fiber grating according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a reflection spectrum of the aperiodic fiber grating of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a system for manufacturing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another system for manufacturing electrically controlled fiber gratings according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating the steps of a method for pre-processing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a block diagram of step S1.2 in the method for pre-processing an electrically controlled fiber grating shown in fig. 10;
fig. 12 is a block diagram of another step S1.2 in the method for pre-processing an electrically controlled fiber grating shown in fig. 10;
fig. 13 is a block diagram of another step S1.2 in the method for preprocessing the electrically controlled fiber grating shown in fig. 10.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 6, a method for preparing an electrically controlled fiber grating includes the following steps:
step S1: the optical fiber 11 is preprocessed to manufacture and cover an electromagnetic induction material layer 12 on the normal grating modulation area distributed along the axial direction of the optical fiber 11, so as to form the optical fiber grating element 1.
In step S1, the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 may be made of metal such as iron, nickel, cobalt, or oxide or alloy containing such metal, such as: iron oxide, silicon steel, stainless steel, iron-cobalt alloy, nickel-cobalt alloy, and the like, which have good electrical conductivity and good magnetic permeability, and in addition, rare earth or rare earth-containing oxide or alloy can also be used for manufacturing the electromagnetic induction material layer 12.
Step S2: and (2) adopting an alternating magnetic field to act with the electromagnetic induction material layer 12, so that the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 generates heat to further heat the normal grating modulation area of the optical fiber 11, so as to change the refractive index of the normal grating modulation area and form the optical fiber grating.
In step S2, when the alternating magnetic field acts on the electromagnetic induction material layer 12, based on the electromagnetic induction principle, a current vortex is formed inside the electromagnetic induction material layer 12, the current vortex has a thermal effect and can cause the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 to generate heat, and based on the fiber optic thermal effect, the refractive index of the normal grating modulation region is changed under the heating of the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 to form the fiber grating.
Since the refractive index of the normal grating modulation region is changed along with the temperature change of the normal grating modulation region, the writing spectrum of the fiber grating can be modulated by controlling the heating value of the electromagnetic induction material layer 12. Therefore, the preparation method further includes, after step S2:
step S3: and modulating the real-time writing spectrum of the fiber grating into the required writing spectrum by controlling the alternating magnetic field.
In step S3, the alternating current generating the alternating magnetic field is controlled to control the alternating magnetic field, the current voltage intensity and the alternating frequency of the alternating current respectively correspond to the magnetic field intensity and the alternating frequency of the alternating magnetic field, and the heat value of the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 is determined together, so that the grating modulation amount of the normal grating modulation area, that is, the resonance peak wavelength and the loss peak intensity of the fiber grating, is determined, the preparation modulation time is inversely related to the current voltage intensity and the alternating frequency of the alternating current, and the larger the current voltage intensity and the alternating frequency of the alternating current, the smaller the preparation modulation time of the fiber grating is, and the larger the preparation modulation time is.
Accordingly, at least one of the resonance peak wavelength, the loss peak intensity, and the production modulation time of the fiber grating can be modulated by controlling the current-voltage intensity and/or the alternating frequency of the alternating current (i.e., the magnetic field intensity and/or the alternating frequency of the alternating magnetic field).
Specifically, in step S3, the step of modulating the real-time writing spectrum of the fiber grating into the desired writing spectrum includes:
step S3.1: a detection beam is coupled into the fiber grating element 1.
In this step S3.1, the detection beam coupled into the fiber grating element 1 is preferably a super-continuous broadband beam, the detection spectrum of which continuously covers a large wavelength range.
Step S3.2: and receiving the light beams transmitted or reflected from the fiber grating element 1 to obtain the real-time written spectrum of the fiber grating.
In this step S3.2, when the detection light beam passes through the modulation region of the normal position grating in the transmission process of the fiber grating element 1, a part of the detection light beam is reflected back by the fiber grating to form a reflected light beam, so as to obtain a reflected spectrum, and another part of the detection light beam can be transmitted forward through the fiber grating to form a transmitted light beam, so as to obtain a transmitted spectrum, where the reflected spectrum and the transmitted spectrum are complementary to each other, so as to form the spectrum of the detection light beam coupled into the fiber grating element 1 in the step S3.1.
The real-time writing spectrum and the required writing spectrum of the fiber grating can be represented by the reflection spectrum or the transmission spectrum.
Step S3.3: and controlling the alternating magnetic field to modulate the real-time writing spectrum of the fiber bragg grating into the required writing spectrum.
In step S3.3, the real-time writing spectrum of the fiber grating is compared with the required writing spectrum, if the real-time writing spectrum is the same as the required writing spectrum, the modulation is ended, and if the real-time writing spectrum is different from the required writing spectrum, the alternating magnetic field is controlled to change, and steps S3.1 to S3.3 are repeated until the real-time writing spectrum of the fiber grating is the same as the required writing spectrum, and the modulation is ended.
Since the refractive index of the modulation region of the grating is changed along with the temperature change, the fiber grating is not permanent, when the alternating magnetic field is removed and the temperature of the modulation region of the grating is recovered to normal, the fiber grating will also disappear, and the fiber grating element 1 is equivalent to a common optical fiber, so before each use, the fiber grating element 1 needs to be modulated into a fiber grating with a desired writing spectrum through the above steps S2 and S3, and the alternating magnetic field cannot be removed during use, and the fiber grating needs to be modulated while being used, so as to avoid the deviation of the real-time writing spectrum of the fiber grating caused by the temperature change of the modulation region of the grating.
The preparation method can be used for preparing long-period fiber gratings, short-period fiber gratings or non-periodic fiber gratings.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the fiber grating is a long periodic fiber grating, the grating period of which is Λ =0.5mm, the grating order is N, the resonant wavelength position of the long periodic fiber grating is calculated by using a phase matching formula to determine the position of the regular grating modulation region periodically distributed along the axial direction of the optical fiber 11, then the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 is covered on N regular grating modulation regions periodically distributed along the axial direction of the optical fiber 11 by 0.5mm to obtain the fiber grating element 1, then the alternating magnetic field is used to interact with the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 to heat the regular grating modulation region so that the fiber grating element 1 forms a long periodic fiber grating, and finally the real-time written spectrum of the long periodic fiber grating is modulated into the transmission spectrum shown in fig. 3.
In another specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the fiber grating is a short periodic fiber grating, the grating period of which is Λ =0.1mm, the grating order is N, the resonant wavelength position of the short periodic fiber grating is calculated by using a phase matching formula to determine the positions of the normal grating modulation regions periodically distributed along the axial direction of the optical fiber 11, then the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 is coated on N normal grating modulation regions periodically distributed along the axial direction of the optical fiber 11 by 0.1mm to obtain the fiber grating element 1, then the alternating magnetic field is used to interact with the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 to heat the normal grating modulation regions so that the fiber grating element 1 forms a short periodic fiber grating, and finally the real-time written spectrum of the short periodic fiber grating is modulated into the reflection spectrum shown in fig. 5.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the fiber grating is an aperiodic fiber grating, the aperiodic grating pitch is Λ 1, Λ 2, and … … Λ N in sequence, the grating order is N, similarly, the resonant wavelength position of the aperiodic fiber grating is calculated by using a phase matching formula to determine the position of the aperiodic fiber grating modulation region in the axial direction of the optical fiber 11, then the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 is coated on N normal grating modulation regions in the axial direction of the optical fiber 11 in an aperiodic distribution with the pitches of Λ 1, Λ 2, and … … Λ N to obtain the fiber grating element 1, then the alternating magnetic field is used to interact with the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 to heat the normal grating modulation region to form an aperiodic fiber grating in the fiber grating element 1, and finally the real-time written spectrum of the aperiodic fiber grating is modulated into the reflection spectrum shown in fig. 7.
Example two
As shown in fig. 10, 2, 4 and 6, a method for pre-processing an electrically controlled fiber grating, which can be used as step S1 in the preparation method according to the first embodiment, includes the following steps:
step S1.1: and determining the positions of the normal grating modulation areas of the needed fiber gratings along the axial direction of the optical fiber 11 according to a phase matching formula.
In step S1.1, the position of the resonance peak of the corresponding fiber grating can be calculated according to the phase matching formula corresponding to the long-periodicity, short-periodicity, or aperiodic fiber grating. The phase matching formula is common knowledge in the art, so the present embodiment is described as follows with only a short periodic grating fiber:
the phase matching formula of the short-period grating fiber is m x lambdaB=2*neffΛ, where m is the grating order of the desired fiber grating, λBIs the central reflection wavelength, n, of the desired fiber gratingeffThe effective refractive index of the fiber core is Λ the grating period (grating pitch) of the required fiber grating, according to the phase matching formula, under the condition of determining the grating period Λ and the grating order m of the required fiber grating, the central reflection wavelength lambda of the required fiber grating can be calculatedBIn turn, the central reflection wavelength λ of the desired fiber grating is determinedBIn this case, the relationship between the grating period Λ and the grating order m of the desired fiber grating can be calculated.
Step S1.2: and manufacturing and covering an electromagnetic induction material layer 12 on the normal grating modulation area distributed along the axial direction of the optical fiber 11.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, step S1.2 includes the steps of:
step S1.2.1: a layer of insulating material is formed over the surface of the optical fiber 11.
In this step s1.2.1, the insulating material layer may be, but not limited to, rubber, silica gel, or plastic, which has both good insulating ability and good heat insulating ability.
Step S1.2.2: and stripping the insulating heat insulation material layer covering the normal grating modulation area to expose the normal grating modulation area from the insulating heat insulation material layer.
In this step S1.2.2, the insulating and heat-insulating material layer may be partially peeled off by cutting or CO2 laser etching.
Step S1.2.3: and manufacturing and covering the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 on the exposed normal grating modulation area.
In step S1.2.3, the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 may be formed by vacuum coating, magnetron sputtering, or spraying. During manufacturing, the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 may cover only the exposed normal grating modulation area, or cover the exposed normal grating modulation area and the insulating and heat-insulating material layer at the same time. Because the insulating properties and the heat-proof quality of insulating thermal insulation material layer, electromagnetic induction material layer 12 is in electric current and the heat that produce in the alternating magnetic field can not outwards spread.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, step S1.2 comprises:
step S1.2.1: a coating material layer is formed on the surface of the optical fiber 11.
In this step s1.2.1, the coating material layer needs to satisfy the requirement that the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 can be removed by a different solution, that is, there is a solution that can dissolve or corrode the coating material layer, but cannot dissolve or corrode the electromagnetic induction material layer 12, for example, if the coating material layer is made of organic materials such as rubber, silica gel, or plastic, the coating material layer is easily dissolved by an organic solvent, and the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 made of metals such as iron, nickel, cobalt, or oxides or alloys containing such metals is difficult to dissolve by an organic solvent.
Step S1.2.2: and stripping the coating material layer covering the normal grating modulation area to expose the normal grating modulation area from the coating material layer.
In this step S1.2.2, the coating material layer may be partially peeled off by cutting or CO2 laser.
Step S1.2.3: and manufacturing and covering the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 on the exposed normal grating modulation area.
In step S1.2.3, the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 may be formed by vacuum coating, magnetron sputtering, or spraying. During manufacturing, the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 may cover only the exposed normal grating modulation region, or may cover both the exposed normal grating modulation region and the coating material layer.
Step S1.2.4: the remaining coating material layer is stripped.
In this step S1.2.4, the remaining coating material layer is peeled off and simultaneously carries away the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 covering thereon, leaving only the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 covering the normal grating modulation region.
As described above, since the organic solvent can dissolve the coating material layer made of an organic material such as rubber, silicone, or plastic, and it is difficult to dissolve the electromagnetic induction material layer 12, the remaining coating material layer can be peeled off by the organic solvent in step S1.2.4.
In a further embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, step S1.2 comprises:
step S1.2.1: and manufacturing a layer 12 covering the electromagnetic induction material on the surface of the optical fiber 11.
In this step s1.2.1, the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 may be manufactured by vacuum coating, magnetron sputtering, spraying, or the like.
Step S1.2.2: and manufacturing and covering a photosensitive material layer on the surface of the electromagnetic induction material layer.
In step S1.2.2, the photosensitive material layer may be a positive photoresist or a negative photoresist, and is formed by coating.
Step S1.2.3: and exposing and developing the photosensitive material layer to expose the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 covered outside the normal grating modulation area from the photosensitive material layer.
In step S1.2.3, the photosensitive material layer is exposed to ultraviolet light through a photolithography mask, and then the exposed or unexposed portions of the photosensitive material layer are removed by a developer, the exposed portions of the positive photoresist are removed by the developer, and the unexposed portions of the negative photoresist are removed by the developer.
Step S1.2.4: and etching and removing the exposed electromagnetic induction material layer 12.
In step S1.2.4, if the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 is made of metal such as iron, nickel, cobalt, or an oxide or an alloy containing such metal, the exposed electromagnetic induction material layer 12 can be removed by etching with an acidic solution, and the remaining photosensitive material layer is difficult to be corroded by the acidic solution.
Step S1.2.5: and stripping the rest of the photosensitive material layer.
In this step S1.2.5, the remaining photosensitive material layer may be stripped using an alkaline solution, and the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 made of a metal such as iron, nickel, or cobalt, or an oxide or an alloy containing such a metal is difficult to be corroded by the alkaline solution.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 6, a fiber grating element 1 includes an optical fiber 11 and an electromagnetic induction material layer 12, wherein the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 is prepared to cover a normal grating modulation region of the optical fiber 11 distributed along an axial direction.
The electromagnetic induction material layer 12 may be made of iron, nickel, cobalt, or other metals or oxides or alloys containing such metals, such as: iron oxide, silicon steel, stainless steel, iron-cobalt alloy, nickel-cobalt alloy, and the like, which have good electrical conductivity and good magnetic permeability, and in addition, rare earth or rare earth-containing oxide or alloy can also be used for manufacturing the electromagnetic induction material layer 12.
Example four
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, an electrically controlled fiber grating system includes a fiber grating element 1 and a magnetic field generating device 2 according to the third embodiment, where the magnetic field generating device 2 is configured to generate an alternating magnetic field acting on the electromagnetic induction material layer 12, so that the electromagnetic induction material layer 12 generates heat to heat a normal grating modulation region of the optical fiber 11, so as to change a refractive index of the normal grating modulation region, thereby forming a fiber grating.
The electric control fiber grating system further comprises an input connector and an output connector, wherein the input connector is arranged at one end of the fiber grating element 1, the output connector is arranged at the other end of the fiber grating element 1, or the input connector and the output connector are arranged at the same end of the fiber grating element 1.
The magnetic field generating device 2 comprises a magnetic field emitter 21 and a power supply control module 22, wherein the power supply control module 22 is electrically connected with the magnetic field emitter 21 to output alternating current to the magnetic field emitter 21, so that the magnetic field emitter 21 generates the alternating magnetic field.
In this embodiment, the magnetic field emitter 21 comprises an electromagnetic coil, which is axially wrapped around the fiber grating element 1.
The input joint is used for connecting a light source generating device 3, so that the light source generating device 3 can couple detection light beams into the fiber bragg grating element 1; the output connector is used for connecting a spectrum detection device 4, so that the spectrum detection device 4 receives the light beam transmitted or reflected from the fiber grating element 1 to obtain a real-time written spectrum of the fiber grating.
When the input connector and the output connector are arranged at the same end of the fiber grating element 1, the electronic control fiber grating system further comprises a coupling device 5, the input connector and the output connector are connected to the same end of the fiber grating element 1 through the coupling device 5, the coupling device 5 can couple incident detection light beams into the fiber grating element 1, and couple reflected light beams into the spectrum detection device 4.
EXAMPLE five
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a system for manufacturing an electrically controlled fiber grating, not limited to the manufacturing method of the first embodiment, includes the electrically controlled fiber grating system of the fourth embodiment, and
the light source generating device 3 is used for coupling detection light beams into the fiber grating element 1;
and the spectrum detection device 4 is used for receiving the light beam transmitted or reflected from the fiber grating element 1 to obtain a real-time written spectrum of the fiber grating.
The light source generating device 3 is connected to an input connector of the electric control fiber grating system, and the spectrum detecting device 4 is connected to an output connector of the electric control fiber grating system.
In a specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 8, the light source generating device 3 is connected to one end of the fiber grating element 1, the spectrum detecting device 4 is connected to the other end of the fiber grating element 1, when the detection light beam passes through the normal grating modulation region during transmission in the fiber grating element 1, part of the detection light beam will continue to be transmitted forward through the fiber grating, and the spectrum detecting device 4 receives the transmitted light beam to obtain a transmission spectrum as a real-time writing spectrum of the fiber grating.
In another specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 9, the light source generating device 3 and the spectrum detecting device 4 are connected to the same end of the fiber grating element 1, during transmission of the detection light beam in the fiber grating element 1, when the detection light beam passes through the normal grating modulation region, part of the detection light beam is reflected by the fiber grating and returns back, and the spectrum detecting device 4 receives the reflected light beam to obtain a reflection spectrum as a real-time writing spectrum of the fiber grating.
In this case, preferably, the light source generating device 3 and the spectrum detecting device 4 are connected to the same end of the fiber grating element 1 through a coupling device 5, and the coupling device 5 can couple the incident detecting light beam into the fiber grating element 1 and couple the reflected light beam into the spectrum detecting device 4.
When modulating the real-time written spectrum of the fiber grating, a technician can manually control the power control module 22 in the magnetic field generating device 2 according to the real-time written spectrum obtained by the spectrum detecting device 4 to control the alternating current output by the power control module 22, further control the alternating magnetic field generated by the magnetic field transmitter 21, and finally modulate the real-time written spectrum of the fiber grating into the required written spectrum.
Of course, the preparation system may further include a processing control host (not shown in the figure), which is communicatively connected between the spectrum detection device 4 and the magnetic field generation device 2, and is configured to automatically control the power control module 22 of the magnetic field generation device 2 according to the real-time written spectrum obtained by the spectrum detection device 4, so as to automatically modulate the real-time written spectrum of the fiber bragg grating into the desired written spectrum.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description is more specific and detailed, but not understood as the limitation of the patent scope of the present invention, but all the technical solutions obtained by using the equivalent substitution or the equivalent transformation should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an electric control fiber grating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: preprocessing an optical fiber to manufacture and cover an electromagnetic induction material layer on a normal grating modulation area of the optical fiber distributed along the axial direction to form an optical fiber grating element;
step S2: and adopting an alternating magnetic field to act with the electromagnetic induction material layer, so that the electromagnetic induction material layer generates heat to further heat the normal grating modulation area of the optical fiber, thereby changing the refractive index of the normal grating modulation area and forming the optical fiber grating.
2. The method for preparing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to claim 1, further comprising, after step S2, the steps of:
step S3: and modulating the real-time writing spectrum of the fiber grating into the required writing spectrum by controlling the alternating magnetic field.
3. The method for preparing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to claim 2, wherein the step S3 comprises the steps of:
step S3.1: coupling a detection beam into the fiber grating element;
step S3.2: receiving light beams transmitted or reflected from the fiber grating element to obtain a real-time written spectrum of the fiber grating;
step S3.3: and controlling the alternating magnetic field to modulate the real-time writing spectrum of the fiber bragg grating into the required writing spectrum.
4. The method for manufacturing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to claim 2 or 3, wherein at least one of a resonance peak wavelength, a loss peak intensity and a manufacturing modulation time of the fiber grating is modulated by controlling a magnetic field strength and/or an alternating frequency of the alternating magnetic field.
5. The method for manufacturing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the alternating magnetic field is controlled by controlling an alternating current that generates the alternating magnetic field.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein at least one of the resonant peak wavelength, the loss peak intensity and the modulation time for preparing the fiber grating is modulated by controlling the current-voltage intensity and/or the alternating frequency of the alternating current.
7. The method for preparing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises the steps of:
step S1.1: determining the positions of normal grating modulation areas of the needed fiber gratings along the axial direction of the optical fiber according to a phase matching formula;
step S1.2: and manufacturing and covering the electromagnetic induction material layer on the normal grating modulation area of the optical fiber distributed along the axial direction.
8. The method for preparing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to claim 7, wherein the step S1.2 comprises the steps of:
step S1.2.1: manufacturing a covering insulating material layer on the surface of the optical fiber;
step S1.2.2: stripping the insulating heat insulation material layer covering the normal grating modulation area to expose the normal grating modulation area from the insulating heat insulation material layer;
step S1.2.3: and manufacturing and covering the electromagnetic induction material layer on the exposed normal grating modulation area.
9. The method for preparing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to claim 7, wherein the step S1.2 comprises the steps of:
step S1.2.1: manufacturing and covering a coating material layer on the surface of the optical fiber;
step S1.2.2: stripping the coating material layer covering the normal grating modulation area to expose the normal grating modulation area from the coating material layer;
step S1.2.3: manufacturing and covering the electromagnetic induction material layer on the exposed normal grating modulation area;
step S1.2.4: the remaining coating material layer is stripped.
10. The method for preparing an electrically controlled fiber grating according to claim 7, wherein the step S1.2 comprises the steps of:
step S1.2.1: manufacturing a layer covering the electromagnetic induction material on the surface of the optical fiber;
step S1.2.2: manufacturing and covering a photosensitive material layer on the surface of the electromagnetic induction material layer;
step S1.2.3: exposing and developing the photosensitive material layer to expose the electromagnetic induction material layer covering the normal grating modulation area from the photosensitive material layer;
step S1.2.4: and etching the exposed electromagnetic induction material layer.
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| PCT/CN2020/117471 WO2021184717A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 | 2020-09-24 | Method for manufacturing electrically-controlled fiber grating |
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| WO2021184717A1 (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-09-23 | 深圳大学 | Method for manufacturing electrically-controlled fiber grating |
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