CN115185036B - Hollow fiber grating based on gas paramagnetic effect and implementation method - Google Patents
Hollow fiber grating based on gas paramagnetic effect and implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 38
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/023—Microstructured optical fibre having different index layers arranged around the core for guiding light by reflection, i.e. 1D crystal, e.g. omniguide
- G02B6/02304—Core having lower refractive index than cladding, e.g. air filled, hollow core
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hollow fiber grating based on a gas paramagnetic effect and an implementation method thereof, wherein a hollow fiber with a microstructure with a uniform cross section is adopted, paramagnetic gas or mixed gas containing the paramagnetic gas is filled into the fiber core of the hollow fiber, and then the end surfaces of two sides of the hollow fiber are sealed; the magnetic field generator is externally arranged on the hollow optical fiber and modulated along the optical fiber axial periodic structure, so that periodic magnetic field intensity distribution is generated in the hollow optical fiber core along the axial direction; therefore, the adjustable periodic paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution is realized along the axial direction of the hollow fiber core through the adjustable periodic magnetic field intensity fluctuation distribution, and the paramagnetic gas hollow fiber grating is formed. The invention realizes the hollow fiber grating which is capable of repeatedly erasing and writing, is easy to reconstruct, has flexibly controllable axial space microstructure period and refractive index modulation intensity and is composed of paramagnetic gas, and the realization method has simple process, low manufacturing cost, higher mechanical stability and is beneficial to popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber bragg gratings, and particularly relates to a hollow fiber bragg grating based on a gas paramagnetic effect and an implementation method thereof.
Background
The hollow fiber has the characteristics of low transmission loss, weak nonlinear optical effect and capability of filling various gases with different physical, chemical and optical characteristics into the hollow fiber core, and simultaneously has the characteristics of being bendable and low in preparation cost of the traditional fiber, so that the hollow fiber also has the advantages of compact structure, high output beam quality and the like, and is an important fiber medium form for high-performance laser transmission and laser generation; at the same time, the space-time core can be vacuum or gas with extremely low absorption loss, and when light is transmitted in the space-time core, the low-loss working band can be extended to cover the light wavelength range with larger loss of the optical fiber cladding material because the energy proportion of the light field coupled to the optical fiber cladding material (such as glass) outside the space-time core is extremely low.
On the other hand, the fiber bragg grating is a wavelength selection element with axial refractive index periodically modulated in the fiber core, has the advantages of compact structure, stable performance, no maintenance and the like, and is an important core element for fiber communication, fiber laser and fiber sensing. For example, a fiber Bragg grating and gain fiber combination may achieve an all-fiber structured laser oscillation cavity.
Because the hollow fiber is vacuum or gas in the fiber core, the traditional ultraviolet light fiber grating inscription technology through the photosensitivity of the fiber core material or the femtosecond direct writing fiber grating inscription technology through the interaction of the ultrafast laser pulse and the material to form the photoinduced refractive index change of the fiber core material cannot be applied to the hollow fiber. Although long-period structural changes can be introduced into a cladding structure outside the hollow fiber core, the wavelength selective grating characteristic can be realized only by leakage of a fiber core transmission mode into the cladding, the grating spectrum of the long-period grating is wider, the leakage mode loss is high, and the long-period grating can be applied to sensing application of short fibers generally; the fine and complex fiber bragg grating spectral structure is not currently directly implemented in hollow core fibers.
Therefore, a hollow fiber grating technology capable of flexibly realizing different grating periods and grating intensities is needed to adapt to the rapid development of low-loss and high-performance hollow fiber technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects, the invention aims to provide a hollow fiber grating based on a gas paramagnetic effect and a method thereof, wherein the hollow fiber grating which is formed by paramagnetic gas and can be repeatedly erased and easily reconstructed, has flexibly regulated axial space microstructure period and refractive index modulation strength by utilizing the paramagnetic effect of the gas and the combination of an external periodic microstructure magnetic field generator and axial distribution and strength distribution of a periodic microstructure magnetic field formed in a modulated hollow fiber by the external magnetic field generator can be effectively solved by the method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a hollow fiber grating based on a gas paramagnetic effect, which is adjustable and controllable periodic paramagnetic gas or mixed gas containing paramagnetic gas with high and low fluctuation distribution of density in a hollow fiber core due to the paramagnetic effect under the action of a uniform periodic magnetic field with high and low fluctuation distribution of intensity.
The invention further provides a realization method of the hollow fiber grating based on the gas paramagnetic effect, which comprises the following steps: filling paramagnetic gas or mixed gas containing the paramagnetic gas into the fiber core of the hollow fiber by adopting the hollow fiber with the uniform cross section microstructure, and then sealing the end surfaces of two sides of the hollow fiber;
the magnetic field generator is externally arranged on the hollow optical fiber and modulated along the optical fiber axial periodic structure, so that periodic magnetic field intensity distribution is generated in the hollow optical fiber core along the axial direction;
in the micro-region with the magnetic field intensity in the same period, the paramagnetic gas is densely concentrated in the micro-region with high magnetic field intensity due to the paramagnetic effect, and the density is higher; in a micro-region with low magnetic field strength, the density of paramagnetic gas is sparse; therefore, the adjustable periodic paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution is realized by the adjustable periodic magnetic field intensity fluctuation distribution along the axial direction of the hollow fiber core, namely, the periodic refractive index fluctuation distribution is formed in the axial direction of the hollow fiber core, namely, the paramagnetic gas hollow fiber grating is formed.
Preferably, the air pressure of the paramagnetic gas or the mixed gas containing the paramagnetic gas in the core of the hollow fiber is in the range of 0.001 to 10 atmospheres.
Preferably, the magnetic field generator comprises a magnetic field generating coil wound on the outer side of the hollow fiber, and the period value of the magnetic field generating coil along the axial direction of the fiber is 0.01-1000 times of the diameter of the fiber core of the hollow fiber.
Preferably, the uniform equal-period magnetic field intensity fluctuation distribution is used for realizing equal-period paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution, namely equal-period fiber core axial refractive index fluctuation distribution, so as to realize uniform equal-period hollow fiber grating.
Preferably, a phase shift defect is introduced between the high-low fluctuation distribution of the magnetic field intensity of two equal periods, the period interval is an integral multiple of half the period of the equal period magnetic field at two sides, the periodic paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution with phase shift, namely the periodic fiber core axial refractive index fluctuation distribution with phase shift is realized, and the phase shift hollow fiber grating is realized.
Preferably, the micro magnetic field generating coil is stretched in one direction of the axial direction of the optical fiber to realize the magnetic field intensity fluctuation distribution of axial periodic gradual change, and the paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution of axial periodic gradual change, namely the refractive index fluctuation distribution of the axial core of the optical fiber with axial periodic gradual change is realized, so that the chirped hollow fiber grating is realized.
Preferably, the current value or the local current value on the whole magnetic field generator is changed, and the whole amplitude or the local amplitude of the magnetic field intensity which axially and periodically changes in the hollow fiber core is modulated under the condition that the axial period of the magnetic field intensity is fixed, so that the periodic refractive index variation amplitude of the whole or local range along the axial direction of the optical fiber is modulated.
The third object of the invention is to provide a hollow fiber bragg grating generator based on the gas paramagnetic effect, which comprises a hollow fiber with a microstructure of uniform cross section, wherein the two ends of the hollow fiber are sealed, and paramagnetic gas with certain air pressure or mixed gas containing paramagnetic gas is filled in the hollow fiber bragg grating generator; the device also comprises a magnetic field generator, wherein the magnetic field generator is arranged outside the hollow optical fiber and is used for generating periodic magnetic field intensity distribution in the hollow optical fiber core along the axial direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, through the paramagnetic effect of gas filled in the hollow fiber core, under the action of an external axial periodic microstructure magnetic field generator, axial periodic gas density distribution (namely refractive index distribution) is formed in the hollow fiber core; the fiber bragg grating structure with different spectral characteristics is realized by flexibly regulating and controlling the axial periodic distribution of the external magnetic field; the fiber grating structure with different grating intensities is realized by flexibly regulating and controlling the axial intensity distribution of the external microstructure magnetic field; the technical problems that an ultraviolet light photosensitive writing technology and a femtosecond laser direct writing technology for preparing the fiber bragg grating in the traditional solid-core structure fiber are applied to the preparation of the hollow fiber bragg grating are effectively solved, and the hollow fiber bragg grating which is repeatedly erasable, is easy to reconstruct, can flexibly regulate and control the period of an axial space microstructure and the refractive index modulation intensity and is composed of paramagnetic gas is realized;
2. the realization method has simple process, reserves the compact structure of the optical fiber element to the greatest extent, can realize the all-optical fiber structure and has higher mechanical stability; meanwhile, the grating has low manufacturing cost, and the fiber gratings with different spectral characteristics can be erased and reconstructed in the same hollow fiber through the regulation and control of the axial microstructure of the magnetic field and the magnetic field intensity, so that the method is favorable for popularization and application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a hollow fiber grating based on the gas paramagnetic effect according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, where paramagnetic gas in a hollow fiber is distributed in a periodic microstructure magnetic field due to periodic refractive index fluctuation generated by the paramagnetic effect, so as to form a paramagnetic gas hollow fiber grating.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. hollow fiber; 1a, a hollow fiber core; 2. a magnetic field generator; 3. hollow fiber grating.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a hollow fiber grating based on a gas paramagnetic effect and an implementation method, as shown in fig. 1, the hollow fiber 1 adopts a fiber quartz glass hollow band gap photonic crystal fiber, and the diameter of a hollow fiber core 1a is 15 micrometers; the low-loss transmission window is 1.80-2.20 microns, and the transmission loss is less than 20dB/km at the wavelength of 2.0 microns; the length of the hollow optical fiber 1 is 0.8 meter;
further, the hollow fiber core 1a is filled with paramagnetic gas oxygen gas with the pressure of 2 atm;
further, both ends of the hollow optical fiber 1 are sealed;
further, the 0.8 m long hollow fiber 1 is placed in the periodic microstructure magnetic field generator 2, so that periodic magnetic field intensity fluctuation distribution is formed in the hollow fiber core 1a along the axial direction. The periodic microstructure magnetic field generator 2 is a magnetic field generating coil with a 1 m long axial microstructure period of 2 microns, the coil of the magnetic field generator 2 and the center axis of the hollow optical fiber core 1a are coaxial coaxially, and the coaxial deviation is smaller than 100 microns;
in the micro-area with the magnetic field intensity in the same period, the paramagnetic gas is concentrated in the micro-area with high magnetic field intensity due to the paramagnetic effect, and the density is higher; in a micro area with low magnetic field strength, the density of paramagnetic gas is sparse; therefore, the adjustable periodic paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution is realized by the adjustable uniform periodic magnetic field intensity fluctuation distribution along the axial direction of the hollow fiber core 1a, namely, the periodic refractive index fluctuation distribution is formed in the axial direction of the hollow fiber core 1a, and the paramagnetic gas hollow fiber grating 3 is realized.
The Bragg fiber grating with the 2-order wavelength is obtained by testing, the wavelength is 2.001 micrometers, the grating reflectivity is more than 99%, and the bandwidth is less than 1 nanometer.
Example 2
The technical scheme includes that according to the embodiment 1, further, uniform equal-period paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution, namely equal-period fiber core refractive index fluctuation distribution is achieved through uniform equal-period magnetic field intensity fluctuation distribution, so that uniform equal-period hollow fiber grating is achieved.
Example 3
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment 1, a phase shift defect is introduced between the two equal-period magnetic field intensity fluctuation distributions, the period interval is an integral multiple of half of the period of the equal-period magnetic field at the two sides, periodic paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution with phase shift, namely periodic fiber core axial refractive index fluctuation distribution with phase shift is realized, and therefore the phase shift hollow fiber grating is realized.
Example 4
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment 1, further, the micro magnetic field generating coil is stretched in one direction of the axial direction of the optical fiber, so that the intensity fluctuation distribution of the magnetic field with the gradual change of the axial period is realized, the paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution with the gradual change of the axial period is realized, namely, the axial refractive index fluctuation distribution of the axial period of the optical fiber shaft is realized, and the chirped hollow fiber grating is realized.
Example 5
The whole technical scheme of the embodiment 1 is included, and further, the whole amplitude (i.e. peak value) or the local amplitude of the magnetic field intensity which axially and periodically changes in the hollow fiber core 1a is modulated under the condition that the axial period of the magnetic field intensity is fixed by changing the whole current value or the local current value on the micro magnetic field generating coil, so that the periodical refractive index change amplitude (i.e. peak value) which axially and periodically changes in the whole or local range along the optical fiber axial direction is fixed in the hollow fiber core 1a is modulated.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The hollow fiber grating based on the gas paramagnetic effect is characterized in that paramagnetic gas or mixed gas containing the paramagnetic gas is filled into a fiber core of a hollow fiber with a microstructure with a uniform cross section, and the end faces of two sides of the hollow fiber are sealed; then, a magnetic field generator which is modulated along the optical fiber axial periodic structure is externally arranged on the hollow optical fiber, so that periodic magnetic field intensity distribution is generated along the axial direction in the hollow optical fiber core;
the hollow fiber grating is adjustable periodic paramagnetic gas or mixed gas containing paramagnetic gas with high and low fluctuation distribution of density due to paramagnetic effect in the hollow fiber core under the action of uniform periodic magnetic field with high and low fluctuation distribution of intensity.
2. The method for realizing the hollow fiber grating based on the gas paramagnetic effect according to claim 1, wherein in the micro-area with the magnetic field intensity in the same period, the paramagnetic gas is concentrated in the micro-area with the high magnetic field intensity due to the paramagnetic effect, and the density is higher; in a micro-region with low magnetic field strength, the density of paramagnetic gas is sparse; therefore, the adjustable periodic paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution is realized by the adjustable periodic magnetic field intensity fluctuation distribution along the axial direction of the hollow fiber core, namely, the periodic refractive index fluctuation distribution is formed in the axial direction of the hollow fiber core, namely, the paramagnetic gas hollow fiber grating is formed.
3. The method for realizing the hollow fiber grating based on the gas paramagnetic effect according to claim 2, wherein the gas pressure of the paramagnetic gas or the mixed gas containing the paramagnetic gas in the hollow fiber core ranges from 0.001 to 10 atmospheres.
4. The method for realizing the hollow fiber grating based on the gas paramagnetic effect according to claim 2, wherein the period value of the magnetic field generator along the axial direction of the optical fiber is 0.01-1000 times of the diameter of the fiber core of the hollow fiber.
5. The method for realizing the hollow fiber grating based on the gas paramagnetic effect according to claim 2, wherein the uniform and equal-period hollow fiber grating is realized by uniformly distributing the intensity of the equal-period magnetic field in a fluctuating manner, namely, uniformly distributing the intensity of the equal-period paramagnetic gas in a fluctuating manner, namely, uniformly distributing the refractive index of the equal-period fiber shaft.
6. The method for realizing the hollow fiber grating based on the gas paramagnetic effect according to claim 2, wherein a phase shift defect is introduced between the high-low fluctuation distribution of the magnetic field intensity of two equal periods, the period interval is an integer multiple of half the period of the equal period magnetic field at two sides, the periodic paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution with the phase shift, namely the periodic fiber core axial refractive index fluctuation distribution with the phase shift is realized, and the phase shift hollow fiber grating is realized.
7. The method for realizing the hollow fiber grating based on the gas paramagnetic effect according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic field intensity fluctuation distribution of axial periodic gradient is realized by stretching the micro magnetic field generating coil towards one direction of the axial direction of the optical fiber, the paramagnetic gas density fluctuation distribution of axial periodic gradient is realized, namely the axial refractive index fluctuation distribution of the axial periodic gradient of the optical fiber shaft is realized, and the chirped hollow fiber grating is realized.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein the overall amplitude or the local amplitude of the axially periodically varying magnetic field intensity in the hollow fiber core is modulated under the condition that the axial period of the magnetic field intensity is fixed by changing the overall current value or the local current value on the magnetic field generator, so as to modulate the periodic refractive index variation amplitude of the axially periodically varying magnetic field intensity in the hollow fiber core along the whole or local range of the optical fiber axial direction.
9. The generator of claim 1, comprising a hollow fiber having a uniform cross-section microstructure, wherein the hollow fiber is sealed at both ends and filled with paramagnetic gas having a certain gas pressure or a mixed gas containing the paramagnetic gas; the device also comprises a magnetic field generator, wherein the magnetic field generator is arranged outside the hollow optical fiber and is used for generating periodic magnetic field intensity distribution in the hollow optical fiber core along the axial direction.
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