CN111326299A - Continuous gradient surface fluorination modification device and method for polymer material - Google Patents
Continuous gradient surface fluorination modification device and method for polymer material Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Norphytane Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
- H01B19/04—Treating the surfaces, e.g. applying coatings
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于绝缘子表面改性技术领域,具体涉及一种聚合物材料连续梯度表面氟化改性装置及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of surface modification of insulators, and in particular relates to a continuous gradient surface fluorination modification device and method of polymer materials.
背景技术Background technique
直流气体管道输电(GIL)因其传输容量大、线路铺设简单、电磁干扰小等优点，在近年来得到极大发展，随着电压等级的升高，对于绝缘子性能的要求也逐渐提高。在实际运行过程中，直流下绝缘子表面易积聚单极性电荷，其沿面电场分布不均，可能最终引起绝缘故障，从而威胁到整个直流输电系统的安全稳定运行。本发明提出一种聚合物材料连续梯度表面氟化改性装置及方法，可以实现绝缘子表面电导分布调控，既能通过改性方法提升绝缘子性能，同时操作简易，具备工业化生产前景，有望在实际系统中起到避免绝缘故障发生的重要作用。DC gas pipeline transmission (GIL) has been greatly developed in recent years due to its advantages of large transmission capacity, simple line laying, and low electromagnetic interference. With the increase of voltage level, the requirements for insulator performance are gradually increased. In the actual operation process, unipolar charges are easy to accumulate on the surface of the insulator under DC, and the electric field along the surface is unevenly distributed, which may eventually cause insulation failure, thus threatening the safe and stable operation of the entire DC transmission system. The invention proposes a continuous gradient surface fluorination modification device and method for polymer materials, which can realize the regulation of the conductance distribution on the surface of the insulator, can improve the performance of the insulator through the modification method, and at the same time is easy to operate, has the prospect of industrial production, and is expected to be used in practical systems. It plays an important role in avoiding the occurrence of insulation failure.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明以绝缘子为研究对象，所调控特性为聚合物表面电导分布，旨在提供具有连续氟化表层分布的聚合物改性装置及方法，实现对绝缘子的表面电导改性，提升绝缘子性能，避免绝缘故障发生。The invention takes the insulator as the research object, and the regulation characteristic is the polymer surface conductivity distribution, and aims to provide a polymer modification device and method with continuous fluorinated surface layer distribution, realize the surface conductivity modification of the insulator, improve the performance of the insulator, avoid Insulation failure occurred.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种聚合物材料连续梯度表面氟化改性装置,包括以下部件：密闭反应釜、加热及温控装置、测温装置、气瓶、气体导入导出管道、尾气处理装置；密闭反应釜通过气体导入导出管道连接气罐及尾气处理装置；测温探头位于反应釜内，连接到反应釜外的测温显示屏，测温探头与测温显示屏构成测温装置；加热装置固定在反应釜中聚合物式样的两端，连接反应釜外的温控装置。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a continuous gradient surface fluorination modification device of polymer materials, comprising the following components: a closed reaction kettle, a heating and temperature control device, a temperature measurement device, a gas cylinder, a gas Import and export pipes and exhaust gas treatment devices; the closed reaction kettle is connected to the gas tank and the exhaust gas treatment device through the gas import and export pipes; the temperature measurement probe is located in the reaction kettle and is connected to the temperature measurement display screen outside the reaction kettle, and the temperature measurement probe and temperature measurement display The screen constitutes a temperature measuring device; the heating device is fixed on both ends of the polymer pattern in the reactor, and is connected to the temperature control device outside the reactor.
本发明的另一个技术方案是一种聚合物材料连续梯度表面氟化改性方法,包括如下步骤:Another technical solution of the present invention is a continuous gradient surface fluorination modification method for polymer materials, comprising the following steps:
1)在密闭反应釜中的绝缘子聚合物材料两端固定加热装置，分别控制聚合物材料的两端表面保持设定温度T1和T2(T1≠T2)。1) Fix heating devices at both ends of the insulator polymer material in the closed reaction kettle, and control the surfaces of both ends of the polymer material to maintain the set temperatures T 1 and T 2 (T 1 ≠T 2 ).
2)时间t后，通过移动测温探针测量聚合物从一端至另一端沿面等距n(n≥4)个点的表面温度，进行拟合后得到聚合物材料的沿面温度分布T(z)，z是聚合物材料的轴向坐标。2) After time t, measure the surface temperature of the polymer at n (n≥4) points equidistant along the surface from one end to the other end by moving the temperature probe, and obtain the surface temperature distribution T(z of the polymer material after fitting. ), z is the axial coordinate of the polymer material.
3)固定氟化处理时间为t时，建立氟化处理温度T与聚合物材料的表面电导率σ之间的对应关系T(σ)，根据T(z)，得到聚合物材料沿面电导率分布σ(z)。3) When the fluorination treatment time is fixed as t, the corresponding relationship T(σ) between the fluorination treatment temperature T and the surface conductivity σ of the polymer material is established. According to T(z), the conductivity distribution of the polymer material along the surface is obtained. σ(z).
4)在密闭反应釜中充入氟气/氮气混合气体，对聚合物材料进行时间为t、温度为T1～T2的氟化处理，即可得到具有连续梯度电导分布的聚合物材料。4) Fill the closed reaction kettle with fluorine gas/nitrogen gas mixture, and perform fluorination treatment on the polymer material for time t and temperature T 1 -T 2 , to obtain a polymer material with continuous gradient conductance distribution.
有益效果beneficial effect
本发明可以在绝缘子表面构筑连续梯度分布电导的氟化层。图2所示为原始绝缘子、均匀氟化绝缘子、连续梯度氟化绝缘子的直流闪络电压。The invention can construct a fluorinated layer with continuous gradient distribution conductance on the surface of the insulator. Figure 2 shows the DC flashover voltages of pristine insulators, uniformly fluorinated insulators, and continuous gradient fluorinated insulators.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为连续梯度氟化改性操作方法。Figure 1 shows the operation method of continuous gradient fluorination modification.
图2为原始绝缘子、均匀氟化绝缘子、连续梯度氟化绝缘子的直流闪络电压。Figure 2 shows the DC flashover voltages of pristine insulators, uniformly fluorinated insulators, and continuous gradient fluorinated insulators.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图来对本发明作进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
1)在密闭反应釜中的绝缘子上下表面固定热电偶，分别控制绝缘子上下表面保持设定温度40℃和30℃。1) Fix thermocouples on the upper and lower surfaces of the insulator in the closed reaction kettle, and control the upper and lower surfaces of the insulator to maintain the set temperatures of 40°C and 30°C respectively.
2)时间10分钟后，通过移动测温探针测量绝缘子沿面等距5个点的表面温度，进行拟合后得到绝缘子沿面温度分布T(z)，z是绝缘子轴向坐标。2) After 10 minutes, the surface temperature of the insulator along the surface of the insulator is measured by moving the temperature measuring probe at 5 points equidistant along the surface. After fitting, the temperature distribution T(z) along the surface of the insulator is obtained, where z is the axial coordinate of the insulator.
3)固定氟化处理时间为10分钟时，建立氟化处理温度T与绝缘子表面电导率σ之间的对应关系T(σ)，根据T(z)，得到绝缘子沿面电导率分布σ(z)。3) When the fluorination treatment time is fixed at 10 minutes, the corresponding relationship T(σ) between the fluorination treatment temperature T and the surface conductivity σ of the insulator is established. According to T(z), the electrical conductivity distribution σ(z) along the surface of the insulator is obtained. .
4)在密闭反应釜中充入氟气，对绝缘子进行时间为10分钟、温度为40-30的氟化处理，即可得到具有连续梯度电导分布的GIL绝缘子，采用温度控制的氟化操作图如图1所示，其闪络电压如图2所示，远高于原始绝缘子，明显高于均匀氟化绝缘子。4) Fill the airtight reaction kettle with fluorine gas, and perform fluorination treatment on the insulator for 10 minutes at a temperature of 40-30 °C to obtain a GIL insulator with a continuous gradient conductance distribution. The temperature-controlled fluorination operation diagram is used. As shown in Figure 1, its flashover voltage is shown in Figure 2, which is much higher than that of the original insulator and significantly higher than that of the uniform fluorinated insulator.
实施例2Example 2
1)在密闭反应釜中的绝缘子上下表面固定热电偶，分别控制绝缘子上下表面保持设定温度50℃和25℃。1) Fix thermocouples on the upper and lower surfaces of the insulator in the closed reaction kettle, and control the upper and lower surfaces of the insulator to maintain the set temperatures of 50°C and 25°C respectively.
2)时间15分钟后，通过移动测温探针测量绝缘子沿面等距5个点的表面温度，进行拟合后得到绝缘子沿面温度分布T(z)，z是绝缘子轴向坐标。2) After 15 minutes, the surface temperature of the insulator along the surface of the insulator is measured by moving the temperature measuring probe at 5 equal distances. After fitting, the temperature distribution T(z) along the surface of the insulator is obtained, where z is the axial coordinate of the insulator.
3)固定氟化处理时间为15分钟时，建立氟化处理温度T与绝缘子表面电导率σ之间的对应关系T(σ)，根据T(z)，得到绝缘子沿面电导率分布σ(z)。3) When the fluorination treatment time is fixed at 15 minutes, the corresponding relationship T(σ) between the fluorination treatment temperature T and the surface conductivity σ of the insulator is established. According to T(z), the conductivity distribution σ(z) along the surface of the insulator is obtained. .
4)在密闭反应釜中充入氟气，对绝缘子进行时间为15分钟、温度为50-25的氟化处理，即可得到具有连续梯度电导分布的GIL绝缘子，采用温度控制的氟化操作图如图1所示，其闪络电压如图2所示，远高于原始绝缘子，明显高于均匀氟化绝缘子。4) Fill the airtight reaction kettle with fluorine gas, and carry out the fluorination treatment of the insulator for 15 minutes at a temperature of 50-25 to obtain a GIL insulator with a continuous gradient conductance distribution. The fluorination operation diagram of temperature control is adopted. As shown in Figure 1, its flashover voltage is shown in Figure 2, which is much higher than that of the original insulator and significantly higher than that of the uniform fluorinated insulator.
实施例3Example 3
1)在密闭反应釜中的绝缘子上下表面固定热电偶，分别控制绝缘子上下表面保持设定温度35℃和20℃。1) Fix thermocouples on the upper and lower surfaces of the insulator in the closed reaction kettle, and control the upper and lower surfaces of the insulator to maintain the set temperatures of 35°C and 20°C respectively.
2)时间30分钟后，通过移动测温探针测量绝缘子沿面等距7个点的表面温度，进行拟合后得到绝缘子沿面温度分布T(z)，z是绝缘子轴向坐标。2) After 30 minutes, the surface temperature of the insulator along the surface of the insulator is measured by moving the temperature measuring probe at 7 points equidistant along the surface. After fitting, the temperature distribution T(z) along the surface of the insulator is obtained, and z is the axial coordinate of the insulator.
3)固定氟化处理时间为30分钟时，建立氟化处理温度T与绝缘子表面电导率σ之间的对应关系T(σ)，根据T(z)，得到绝缘子沿面电导率分布σ(z)。3) When the fluorination treatment time is fixed at 30 minutes, the corresponding relationship T(σ) between the fluorination treatment temperature T and the surface conductivity σ of the insulator is established. According to T(z), the conductivity distribution σ(z) along the surface of the insulator is obtained. .
4)在密闭反应釜中充入氟气，对绝缘子进行时间为30分钟、温度为35-20的氟化处理，即可得到具有连续梯度电导分布的GIL绝缘子，采用温度控制的氟化操作图如图1所示，其闪络电压如图2所示，远高于原始绝缘子，明显高于均匀氟化绝缘子。4) Fill the airtight reaction kettle with fluorine gas, and carry out the fluorination treatment of the insulator for 30 minutes at a temperature of 35-20 °C to obtain a GIL insulator with a continuous gradient conductance distribution. The fluorination operation diagram of temperature control is adopted. As shown in Figure 1, its flashover voltage is shown in Figure 2, which is much higher than that of the original insulator and significantly higher than that of the uniform fluorinated insulator.
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| CN108447630A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-08-24 | 天津大学 | Design method of GIL insulator with two-dimensional linear gradient distribution of surface conductance |
| CN109659102A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-19 | 天津大学 | GIL insulator flashover voltage improving method based on gas-solid interface electric field optimization |
| CN109767884A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-17 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Manufacturing method of GIL insulator with surface conductance gradient distribution |
| CN109940804A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-28 | 平高集团有限公司 | Basin insulator manufacturing method |
-
2020
- 2020-03-25 CN CN202010220248.4A patent/CN111326299A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3922378A (en) * | 1972-08-04 | 1975-11-25 | Medical Evaluation Devices & I | Fluorinated hydrocarbon coating method |
| CN103280280A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-09-04 | 西北核技术研究所 | Method for improving flashover performance of vacuum edge surface of polymer insulator |
| CN106847422A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-13 | 天津大学 | Direct current cables annex silicon rubber insulation surface molecules structure regulating device and method |
| CN108148218A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-06-12 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | A kind of surface layer reforming apparatus and method of modifying for extending polyimide media barrier discharge plasma driver service life |
| CN108447630A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-08-24 | 天津大学 | Design method of GIL insulator with two-dimensional linear gradient distribution of surface conductance |
| CN109659102A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-19 | 天津大学 | GIL insulator flashover voltage improving method based on gas-solid interface electric field optimization |
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