CN111321776A - Efficient and anti-frosting air convection controllable dew acquisition device - Google Patents
Efficient and anti-frosting air convection controllable dew acquisition device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111321776A CN111321776A CN202010125565.8A CN202010125565A CN111321776A CN 111321776 A CN111321776 A CN 111321776A CN 202010125565 A CN202010125565 A CN 202010125565A CN 111321776 A CN111321776 A CN 111321776A
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- dew
- pipeline
- box body
- vacuum box
- radiation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/28—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from humid air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B23/00—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect
- F25B23/003—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect using selective radiation effect
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency and anti-frosting air convection controllable dew acquisition device which comprises a vacuum box body, a pipeline arranged in the vacuum box body, a radiation refrigeration layer arranged above the pipeline and in direct contact with the pipeline, and an infrared transparent cover plate arranged above the vacuum box body and used for capping. The vacuum box body can be internally vacuumized to isolate heat exchange inside and outside the device and is used as a protective shell of the whole device; the pipe serves as a passage through which air and generated dew flow; the radiation refrigeration layer is made of materials with radiation refrigeration effect, and dew is generated when the temperature of air in the pipeline is lower than the dew point temperature; the invention can control the air flow velocity in the pipeline to adjust the air convection of the radiation refrigeration surface, ensure that the device can ensure the highest water making quantity under different environments, and simultaneously ensure that the temperature of the radiation refrigeration layer is higher than the frost point to prevent frosting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency and anti-frosting air convection controllable dew acquisition device.
Background
Sustainable access to fresh water resources has been listed as one of the largest engineering problems in the 21 st century, and the importance of fresh water access technology is self evident. However, most of the current fresh water obtaining technologies in the world utilize consumed electric energy or fuel to desalt seawater, but the process not only consumes huge energy, but also generates pollution gas harmful to the environment. In addition, there are some methods for desalinating seawater such as membrane filtration and salt separation, which have low desalination efficiency and high maintenance cost. On the other hand, in non-coastal areas, abundant seawater resources are not available, and the technology is not suitable for obtaining fresh water.
Dew is generated because the temperature of air is lower than the dew point temperature, and water vapor in the air is saturated and liquefied into liquid water. Dew is generated in nature due to radiation refrigeration effect, such as the temperature of leaves at night is lower than the ambient temperature, even lower than the dew point temperature, so that dew is generated on the surface. The radiation refrigeration technology is characterized in that an outer space at the temperature of 270 ℃ below zero is used as a cold source, and heat of an object is radiated to the outer space in a heat radiation heat transfer mode, so that the effect of spontaneous refrigeration of the object on the earth surface without energy consumption is achieved.
The radiation refrigeration technology is utilized to obtain dew, so that energy is not consumed, and the dependence on seawater resources is not required, and the radiation refrigeration technology is widely concerned by various fields. However, the existing method for obtaining dew based on radiation refrigeration technology has low water yield and is greatly influenced by the environment (ambient temperature, humidity, etc.).
Therefore, the prior art for obtaining the fresh water dew has the following five problems;
1. the technology for preparing the fresh water by consuming energy has the problems of higher cost, complex structure, pollution and the like.
2. The existing method for obtaining fresh water based on the radiation refrigeration technology cannot manually adjust the air convection on the surface of the radiation refrigeration material, so that the optimal water production effect cannot be kept under different environments
3. The existing method for obtaining fresh water based on the radiation refrigeration technology is to condense dew on the upper surface of a radiation refrigeration material and then collect the dew. However, dew remaining on the upper surface of the material affects the radiation characteristics of the material, thereby affecting the effectiveness of dew making.
4. The existing method for obtaining fresh water based on the radiation refrigeration technology can cause frosting in certain environments and cannot avoid frosting.
5. The existing method for obtaining fresh water based on the radiation refrigeration technology needs to incline the device by a certain angle so as to be beneficial to collecting dew, but the inclination of the radiation refrigeration plate can influence the refrigeration effect, thereby influencing the dew obtaining effect.
6. The existing methods for obtaining fresh water based on radiation refrigeration technology have excessive heat exchange (parasitic heat) between radiation refrigeration materials and the surrounding environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency and anti-frosting air convection controllable dew acquisition device, which can effectively solve the problems, the device directly condenses dew from the atmosphere, and the process does not consume energy sources and does not discharge greenhouse gases and harmful substances; the air flow rate in the duct can also be adjusted to control the air convection at the surface of the radiant material.
Technical scheme
The invention provides a high-efficiency and anti-frosting air convection controllable dew acquisition device which comprises a vacuum box body, a pipeline arranged in the vacuum box body, a radiation refrigeration layer arranged above the pipeline and in direct contact with the pipeline, and an infrared transparent cover plate arranged above the vacuum box body and used for capping.
Preferably, the vacuum box body is capped by an infrared transparent cover plate, the vacuum box body is made of one of gold, silver, aluminum, iron, copper, molybdenum, tin, titanium or chromium, and the thickness of the vacuum box body meets the requirement of vacuumizing the interior of the vacuum box body when vacuumizing is needed.
Preferably, the pipeline adopts a hollow design, two ends of the pipeline are respectively connected with the air pump and the dew collection container, the radiation refrigerating layer is tightly attached to the upper part of the pipeline, and the pipeline is made of one of gold, silver, aluminum, iron, copper, molybdenum, tin, titanium or chromium.
Preferably, the infrared transparent cover plate is used as a capping of the box body, and the material of the infrared transparent cover plate is one of polyethylene, polymethylpentene, silicon, germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide and aluminum oxide.
Preferably, the upper surface of the radiation refrigerating layer has high radiance in a wave band of 8-13 microns and has low radiance outside the wave band of 8-13 microns; the lower surface has low emissivity over the entire wavelength band and excellent thermal conductivity.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention applies the radiation refrigeration technology to reduce the air temperature below the dew point temperature, thereby realizing the purpose of obtaining dew (fresh water) from the air.
2. The present invention can regulate the air flow rate inside the device to control the air convection on the surface of the radiating material and make the device in the highest amount of dew in different environment.
3. By controlling the air convection on the surface of the radiation material, the temperature of the radiation refrigeration layer can be adjusted to be always higher than the frost point, thereby preventing frosting.
4. Unlike the prior art which utilizes the radiation refrigeration technology to produce water on the upper surface of the radiation refrigeration material, dew of the device is condensed in a pipeline below the radiation refrigeration material, so that the dew on the upper surface is prevented from reducing the refrigeration effect of the radiation refrigeration material and reducing the water production amount.
5. Unlike previous devices that utilize radiation refrigeration technology to produce water on the upper surface of a radiation refrigeration material, which requires an inclined radiation refrigeration layer to collect dew, resulting in reduced water production, the device does not require an inclined radiation refrigeration layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the radiance of an ideal radiant layer and a blackbody radiant layer;
FIG. 4 is an emissivity plot of a selectively emissive layer;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between water production and convective heat transfer coefficient of air for an ideal radiation layer, a blackbody radiation layer and a selective radiation layer in different environments;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing water production of an ideal radiation layer, a black body radiation layer and a selective radiation layer as a function of the inclination angle of the radiation layer;
wherein, 1-infrared transparent cover plate; 2-a radiation refrigeration layer; 3-a pipeline; 4-vacuum box.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the embodiments of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the embodiments are provided to explain the embodiments and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments.
The following describes embodiments of the present application in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the efficient and anti-frosting air convection controllable dew obtaining apparatus of the present embodiment includes a vacuum box 4, a pipeline 3 disposed inside the vacuum box, a radiation refrigerating layer 2 disposed above the pipeline and in direct contact with the pipeline, and an infrared transparent cover plate 1 disposed above the vacuum box and capped.
The vacuum box body 4 is capped by the infrared transparent cover plate 1, the material of the vacuum box body 4 adopts one of gold, silver, aluminum, iron, copper, molybdenum, tin, titanium or chromium, and the thickness of the vacuum box body 4 meets the requirement of vacuumizing the interior when the vacuum box body needs to be vacuumized.
The pipeline 3 adopts a hollow design, two ends of the pipeline are respectively connected with an air pump and a dew collecting device, the radiation refrigerating layer 2 is tightly attached to the upper part of the pipeline, and the pipeline is made of one of gold, silver, aluminum, iron, copper, molybdenum, tin, titanium or chromium
The infrared transparent cover plate 1 is used as a capping of the box body, and the cover plate is made of one of polyethylene, polymethylpentene, silicon, germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide and aluminum oxide; when the interior of the device needs to be vacuumized, the thickness of the cover plate should meet the requirement of vacuumizing.
The upper surface of the radiation refrigerating layer 2 has high radiance at a wave band of 8-13 microns and has low radiance outside the wave band of 8-13 microns; the lower surface has low emissivity over the entire wavelength band and excellent thermal conductivity.
When the vacuum heat exchange device works, the inside of the device is vacuumized to 10-6 torr so as to isolate heat exchange between the inside and the outside of the device. Air is blown into the pipeline by the air pump, and due to the refrigerating effect of the radiation refrigerating layer 2, when the air convection on the surface of the radiation refrigerating layer 2 meets the requirement, the temperature of the pipeline 3 in close contact with the radiation refrigerating layer 2 and the temperature of the air inside the pipeline are lower than the dew point temperature, and at the moment, water vapor in the air can be liquefied and blown out along with the air. It is to be distinguished that the prior art is to make dew above the radiation refrigeration layer, however, the high absorption rate of the dew in the infrared band affects the radiation refrigeration effect of the radiation refrigeration layer, thereby affecting the dew making effect, and the device changes the dew making position, thereby solving the problem.
Referring to fig. 3, the ideal radiation layer has an emissivity of 1 in the 8-13 micron band and an emissivity of 0 outside the band, and has the highest dew-water capture amount since the atmospheric transmittance has a very high transmittance in the 8-13 micron band. The radiation rate of the black body radiation layer in the whole wave band is 1, and the water production effect of the black body radiation layer represents the dew acquisition amount of most of vegetation in the nature.
The ideal radiation layer and the blackbody radiation layer represent the optimal water production effect and the water production effect of general natural vegetation respectively, however, through the photonics design, the radiation layer which is superior to the water production effect of the natural vegetation can be synthesized, and as shown in fig. 4, the radiation rate of the selective radiation layer artificially synthesized is shown.
As shown in fig. 5, the air convection strength can be represented by a convection heat transfer coefficient, and in a certain environment, as the convection heat transfer coefficient increases, the dew acquisition amount increases and then decreases, that is, the optimal convection heat transfer coefficient corresponds to the highest dew acquisition amount. Under different environments, the optimal convective heat transfer coefficients are different, and the device can be always in the highest dew acquisition amount by controlling air convection.
On the other hand, the dotted line in fig. 5 represents a frosting situation, i.e., a situation where the temperature of the radiation refrigerating layer is lower than 0 ℃, and the apparatus can prevent frosting by weakening air convection, thereby avoiding a reduction in the amount of dew take-up.
Referring to fig. 6, as the radiation refrigerating layer is inclined, the dew capture amount is reduced, that is, the inclination of the radiation refrigerating layer is not beneficial to the water production effect. Different from the prior art for preparing dew, the device collects dew in an inclined mode, and the device collects dew in a pipeline ventilation mode so as to solve the problem that the inclined mode is not beneficial to water preparation.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.
On the other hand, the dotted line in fig. 5 represents a frosting situation, i.e., a situation where the temperature of the radiation refrigerating layer is lower than 0 ℃, and the apparatus can prevent frosting by weakening air convection, thereby avoiding a reduction in the amount of dew take-up.
Referring to fig. 6, as the radiation refrigerating layer is inclined, the dew capture amount is reduced, that is, the inclination of the radiation refrigerating layer is not beneficial to the water production effect. Different from the prior art for preparing dew, the device collects dew in an inclined mode, and the device collects dew in a pipeline ventilation mode so as to solve the problem that the inclined mode is not beneficial to water preparation.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient and anti-frosting controllable formula dew acquisition device which characterized in that: the device comprises a vacuum box body (4), a pipeline (3) arranged in the vacuum box body (4), a radiation refrigerating layer (2) arranged above the pipeline (3) and in direct contact with the pipeline, and an infrared transparent cover plate (1) arranged above the vacuum box body (4) for capping.
2. An efficient and frost-proof air convection controllable dew obtaining apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vacuum box body (1) is capped by an infrared transparent cover plate (1), the vacuum box body (1) is made of one of gold, silver, aluminum, iron, copper, molybdenum, tin, titanium or chromium, and the thickness of the vacuum box body (1) meets the requirement of vacuumizing the interior of the vacuum box body.
3. An efficient and frost-proof air convection controllable dew harvesting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: pipeline (3) adopt the cavity design, and air pump and dew collection container are connected respectively to the both ends of pipeline (3), and radiation refrigeration layer (2) is hugged closely to the top of pipeline (3), the material of pipeline (3) adopts one of them in gold, silver, aluminium, iron, copper, molybdenum, tin, titanium or chromium.
4. An efficient and frost-proof air convection controllable dew obtaining apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the infrared transparent cover plate (1) is used as a capping of the vacuum box body (1), and the material of the infrared transparent cover plate (1) is one of polyethylene, polymethylpentene, silicon, germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide and aluminum oxide.
5. An efficient and frost-proof air convection controllable dew obtaining apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the radiation refrigeration layer (2) has high radiance at a wave band of 8-13 microns and has low radiance outside the wave band of 8-13 microns; the lower surface has low emissivity over the entire wavelength band and excellent thermal conductivity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010125565.8A CN111321776A (en) | 2020-02-27 | 2020-02-27 | Efficient and anti-frosting air convection controllable dew acquisition device |
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| CN202010125565.8A CN111321776A (en) | 2020-02-27 | 2020-02-27 | Efficient and anti-frosting air convection controllable dew acquisition device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112523303A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 南京大学 | Novel air water taking device and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200623 |