CN111307855B - Frost heaving test system for ice lens body observation - Google Patents
Frost heaving test system for ice lens body observation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111307855B CN111307855B CN202010096979.2A CN202010096979A CN111307855B CN 111307855 B CN111307855 B CN 111307855B CN 202010096979 A CN202010096979 A CN 202010096979A CN 111307855 B CN111307855 B CN 111307855B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geological observation, and discloses a frost heaving test system for ice lens body observation, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a constant temperature box, a heat preservation cover, a soil sample frost heaving experimental device and an image acquisition device, wherein the heat preservation cover is arranged in the constant temperature box; the heat preservation cover comprises a soil sample periphery heat preservation cover and a soil sample photo acquisition area heat preservation cover, the soil sample periphery heat preservation cover is provided with an observation area, and the soil sample photo acquisition area heat preservation cover is movably arranged at the observation area to cover or expose the observation area; an observation window is arranged on the surface of the incubator at a position corresponding to the observation area; the image acquisition device is arranged outside the observation window. The invention has low cost, high test precision, clear and reliable observation result, vivid and visual test result shows the formation process of the ice lens body in the frozen soil, and has important theoretical and practical significance for researching the frost heaving theory of the soil body in cold areas and preventing and controlling engineering frost damage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological observation, in particular to a frost heaving test system for ice lens body observation.
Background
Frozen soil is widely distributed in China, and seasonal frozen soil and permafrost soil account for about 75% of the area of China's soil. In the vast frozen soil area, rich natural resources are reserved, and a large number of people are occupied. Along with the rapid development of Chinese economy, the demands of people on living environment, traveling demands are increased year by year, the demands on resources are continuously increased, and a great number of projects such as railways, highways, civil buildings, energy sources and the like are urgently needed to be built in the vast frozen soil areas. The engineering construction relates to a large number of problems in the frozen soil field, such as frost heaving of soil in a low-temperature environment, which is a typical problem, and the research of the problem has important significance for engineering construction in cold areas, disaster prevention and control and development of frozen soil related theories.
During the freezing process, the water freezes into ice to form an ice lens body, and the ice lens body grows to promote the increase of frost heaviness. The segregation and development of ice are a complex dynamic process, and in the quick freezing stage, no external moisture is migrated, and the soil is of an integral structure, so that the segregation ice is not found. In the transition section, the moving speed of the freezing front is slowed down, and a small amount of external moisture migrates to form a small amount of discontinuous partial condensation ice. When the freezing front is stable, the external water has enough time to move to the freezing front, so that the ice lens body is promoted to grow rapidly, and the stage is the main stage for causing frost heaving. Therefore, the observation of the moisture migration in the experiment in different time periods has important significance in the frost heaving experiment.
At present, the following methods are available for observing the body of the ice lens: firstly, after a frost heaving experiment of a soil sample is finished, removing a heat-insulating material wrapped around the soil sample, taking a photo to obtain a photo of the frozen soil sample, and performing binarization processing on the photo image to analyze the distribution condition of an ice lens body; and secondly, the sample cylinder is made of transparent materials, a soil sample is placed in the transparent sample cylinder, and in the process of freezing the soil sample, photographing and collecting are carried out from the outer side of the soil sample cylinder, and the distribution of the ice lens body is analyzed by matching with binarization analysis. The two methods were evaluated as follows: the first operation is simple, but the operation of removing the heat insulation material around the soil sample needs to open the door of the incubator, the heat insulation material needs to be manually removed, the influence on the environmental temperature of the soil sample is large, and the ice is extremely easy to melt due to the influence of the temperature, so the test precision is low; in addition, the operation is the final operation after the frost heaving test is finished, only the distribution of the ice lens bodies in the final soil sample can be measured, and the formation process of the ice lens bodies cannot be shot. The second type can observe the distribution of ice in the soil body in real time from the outside, observe the process of the frozen edge progress and the formation process of the ice lens body, but do not take the thermal insulation measure to the sample periphery, hardly guarantee the control of the soil sample peripheral temperature in the frost heaving test, the cold energy can be transmitted to the outside of the lateral wall of the sample barrel except from the top of the soil sample downwards to the bottom, can not realize unidirectional freezing, and has inaccuracy of temperature control in terms of the frost heaving test itself, and then leads to inaccuracy of the test result. In addition, due to the shooting requirement, a camera is often placed in a low-temperature chamber to shoot, the problem of fog formation of a camera lens occurs, and the shooting cannot reach the optimal effect due to the lighting effect in the low-temperature chamber.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a frost heaving test system for observing an ice lens body, which is used for solving the technical problems of complex operation and low test precision of an ice lens body observation method in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a frost heaving test system for observing an ice lens body, including: the device comprises an incubator, a heat preservation cover, a soil sample frost heaving experimental device and an image acquisition device, wherein the heat preservation cover is arranged in the incubator, and the soil sample frost heaving experimental device is arranged in the heat preservation cover; wherein,,
the heat preservation cover comprises a soil sample periphery heat preservation cover and a soil sample photo acquisition area heat preservation cover, wherein the soil sample periphery heat preservation cover is provided with an observation area, and the soil sample photo acquisition area heat preservation cover is movably arranged at the observation area to cover or expose the observation area;
an observation window is arranged on the surface of the incubator at a position corresponding to the observation area;
the image acquisition device is arranged outside the observation window.
The soil sample frost heaving experimental device comprises a soil sample frost heaving experimental device, and is characterized by further comprising a first cooling bath box and a second cooling bath box, wherein the soil sample frost heaving experimental device comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, the top plate and the bottom plate are respectively positioned at the top and the bottom of the soil sample frost heaving experimental device, heat exchange tubes are respectively arranged inside the top plate and the bottom plate, a top plate cooling bath interface communicated with the inside of the top plate is arranged on the surface of the top plate, a bottom plate cooling bath interface communicated with the inside of the bottom plate is arranged on the surface of the bottom plate, the first cooling bath box is connected with the top plate cooling bath interface through a cooling liquid tube, and the second cooling bath box is connected with the bottom plate cooling bath interface through the cooling liquid tube.
The soil sample frost heaving experimental device further comprises a fixing rod and a fixing disc, wherein the fixing disc is arranged on the circumference of the top disc, the fixing rod is vertically arranged, one end of the fixing rod is fixed with the fixing disc, and the other end of the fixing rod is fixed with the chassis.
The device comprises a soil sample frost heaving experimental device, and is characterized by further comprising a temperature acquisition device for monitoring the temperature change in the soil freezing process, wherein a plurality of temperature acquisition interfaces are arranged on the side wall surface of the soil sample frost heaving experimental device along the vertical direction, and the temperature acquisition devices are respectively connected to the temperature acquisition interfaces and are used for monitoring the temperature change in the soil freezing process.
The device is characterized by further comprising a Margaret bottle and a water supplementing pipeline, wherein the bottom of the soil sample frost heaving experimental device is provided with a water supplementing port, and the Margaret bottle is communicated with the water supplementing port through the water supplementing pipeline.
The soil sample periphery heat preservation cover and the soil sample photo acquisition area heat preservation cover comprise a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, an aerogel felt layer and a polystyrene board which are sequentially nested from inside to outside.
The soil sample photo collecting device comprises a soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover, and is characterized by further comprising a lifting device and a driving device, wherein the driving device is connected with the soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover, the lifting device comprises a track and a sliding part, the track is vertically fixed, and the sliding part is arranged on the track in a lifting manner and is fixedly connected with the soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover.
The device is characterized by further comprising a soil sample frost heave deformation measuring device, wherein the soil sample frost heave deformation measuring device is arranged in the soil sample frost heave experimental device and is positioned at the top of the soil sample frost heave experimental device and used for monitoring frost heave deformation in the freezing process.
Wherein, soil sample frost heaving experimental apparatus includes transparent organic glass bucket.
(III) beneficial effects
According to the frost heaving test system for observing the ice lens body, when the formation process of the ice lens body is required to be observed, the heat preservation cover of the soil sample photo collecting area is moved away from the observation area, and the image collecting device is used for monitoring the frost heaving condition of the soil body in the soil sample frost heaving experimental device through the observation window and the observation area, so that the image collection of the image collecting device is ensured to be clear; in the experimental process, the heat preservation cover of the movable soil sample photo collecting area just covers the notch completely to form a complete heat preservation cover, has a good heat preservation effect and avoids the change of the temperature of the soil sample. According to the invention, the image acquisition device can easily observe the processes of freezing water into ice in the soil and forming the change of the ice lens body, can ensure unidirectional freezing of the soil body to the greatest extent, and can not influence the frost heaving test result of the soil body temperature due to shooting. The system has the advantages of low cost, high test precision, clear and reliable observation results, vivid and visual test results, shows the formation process of the ice lens body in the frozen soil, and has important theoretical and practical significance for researching the frost heaving theory of the soil body in the cold region and preventing and controlling engineering frost damage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frost heaving test system for ice lens body observation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a frost heaving test system for ice lens body inspection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an incubator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for frost heaving of soil samples according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of an exemplary soil sample frost heaving test apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a lifting device, a driving device and a heat insulation cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a soil sample peripheral thermal insulation cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of a soil sample peripheral insulating cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a partial detail view of a fixed end of a lifting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a partial detail view of a linear bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring frost heaving deformation of a soil sample according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a temperature acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic longitudinal section of an incubator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a thermal insulation cover; 101: a soil sample periphery heat preservation cover; 102: a soil sample photo collecting area heat preservation cover; 103: a speed reducing motor; 104: a pulley; 1011: a top plate; 1012: a fifth hole; 1013: a third hole; 1014: a sixth hole; 1015: a seventh hole; 1016: a polytetrafluoroethylene layer; 1017: an aerogel blanket; 1018: polyphenyl board; 1019: an eighth hole; 1021: a fixed end; 1022: a track; 1023: a linear bearing; 1024: a screw; 1025: a backing plate; 2: the soil sample frost heaving experimental device; 201: a top plate; 202: a chassis; 203: a fixed rod; 204: a transparent organic glass barrel; 205: a temperature acquisition interface; 206: a top plate cold bath interface; 207: a fixed plate; 208: a chassis cold bath interface; 209: simulating an underground water inlet; 3: a constant temperature box; 301: an observation window; 302: a first hole; 303: a second hole; 4: a first cold bath box; 401: a cold liquid pipe; 5: a second cold bath box; 6: a temperature acquisition device; 602: a thermistor sensor; 601: a data acquisition instrument; 603: a temperature sensor circuit; 7: a mahalanobis bottle; 701: a water supplementing pipeline; 8: a soil sample frost heaving deformation measuring device; 801: a displacement sensor; 802: a displacement sensor circuit; 803: a data acquisition device; 9: a driving device; 10: an image acquisition device.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the present invention discloses a frost heave test system for ice lens observation, comprising: the soil sample frost heaving experimental device comprises an incubator 3, a heat preservation cover 1, a soil sample frost heaving experimental device 2 and an image acquisition device 10, wherein the heat preservation cover 1 is arranged in the incubator 3, and the soil sample frost heaving experimental device 2 is arranged in the heat preservation cover 1; wherein,,
the heat preservation cover 1 comprises a soil sample periphery heat preservation cover 101 and a soil sample photo acquisition region heat preservation cover 102, wherein the soil sample periphery heat preservation cover 101 is provided with an observation region, and the soil sample photo acquisition region heat preservation cover 102 is movably arranged at the observation region to cover or expose the observation region;
an observation window 301 is arranged on the surface of the incubator 3 at a position corresponding to the observation area;
the image acquisition device 10 is arranged at the observation window 301.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention adopts the heat preservation cover 1 to realize the heat preservation effect on the soil sample in the soil sample frost heaving experimental device 2, and the incubator 3 at the outer side of the soil sample frost heaving experimental device 2 has the temperature control effect on the soil sample. In the embodiment, the low-temperature incubator 3 is adopted, and the soil sample frost heaving test is guaranteed to be carried out at low temperature through the temperature control device, so that the device has good temperature control, heat preservation and heat insulation performance, and the temperature control accuracy is +/-0.5 ℃.
The observation area of peripheral heat preservation cover 101 structure of soil sample in this embodiment is a breach, in the experimentation, remove regional heat preservation cover 102 of soil sample photo and cover the breach completely just, constitute complete heat preservation cover 1, have better heat preservation effect, avoid soil sample temperature to change, when the formation process of the ice lens body is observed to needs, regional heat preservation cover 102 is gathered to the soil sample photo removes from the breach, adopt image acquisition device 10 to monitor the soil body frost heaving condition in the experimental apparatus 2 of soil sample frost heaving through observation window 301 and observation area, guarantee that image acquisition device 10 image acquisition is clear.
The main body of the soil sample frost heaving experiment device 2 is a transparent organic glass barrel 204, and the inside of the soil sample frost heaving experiment device is used for containing experiment soil.
The image acquisition device 10 can adopt two cameras and a stereoscopic microscope, and when the device is used, microstructure observation in the freezing process is carried out according to a certain frequency through the observation window 301, the observation area and the transparent organic glass barrel 204 of the constant temperature box 3. Through the combination between the stereoscopic microscope and the scientific camera, the microstructure observation and real-time shooting are realized by the organic combination of the stereoscopic microscope and the thermal insulation cover 102 in the movable soil sample photo acquisition area, and the process of forming the ice lens body in the soil sample frost heaving process can be clearly observed.
According to the invention, the image acquisition device 10 can easily observe the processes of freezing water into ice and forming the ice lens body in the soil, can ensure unidirectional freezing of the soil body to the greatest extent, and can not influence the frost heaving test result of the soil body temperature due to shooting. The system has the advantages of low cost, high test precision, clear and reliable observation results, vivid and visual test results, shows the formation process of the ice lens body in the frozen soil, and has important theoretical and practical significance for researching the frost heaving theory of the soil body in the cold region and preventing and controlling engineering frost damage.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 13, the soil sample frost heaving experimental device 2 further comprises a first cooling bath box 4 and a second cooling bath box 5, the soil sample frost heaving experimental device 2 comprises a top tray 201 and a bottom tray 202, the top tray 201 and the bottom tray 202 are respectively positioned at the top and the bottom of the soil sample frost heaving experimental device 2 (namely, a transparent organic glass barrel 204), heat exchange tubes are respectively arranged in the top tray 201 and the bottom tray 202, a top tray cooling bath interface 206 communicated with the top tray 201 is arranged on the surface of the top tray 201, a bottom tray cooling bath interface 208 communicated with the bottom tray 202 is arranged on the surface of the bottom tray 202, the first cooling bath box 4 is connected with the top tray cooling bath interface 206 through a cooling liquid tube 401, and the second cooling bath box 5 is connected with the bottom tray cooling bath interface 208 through a cooling liquid tube 401. Specifically, the top plate 201 and the bottom plate 202 in this embodiment are made of copper with excellent heat conductivity, and an annular heat exchange tube structure is arranged in the copper, so that the path of the cold bath liquid in the plate is lengthened, and the temperature control efficiency is improved. The temperature control precision of the cold bath box is +/-0.01, a cold liquid pipe 401 penetrates through a second hole 303 on the side wall of the constant temperature box 3, the first cold bath box 4 is connected with the top plate 201 through a fifth hole 1012 and a sixth hole 1014 of the heat preservation cover 1, the second cold bath box 5 is connected with the bottom plate 202, and circulation of cold bath liquid in a passage is realized through a pressurizing device in the cold bath box, so that the accurate temperature control of soil body is achieved.
As shown in fig. 4, the soil frost heaving experiment device 2 further includes a fixing rod 203 and a fixing plate 207, the fixing plate 207 is disposed in a circumferential direction of the top plate 201, the fixing rod 203 is disposed vertically, one end of the fixing rod is fixed to the fixing plate 207, and the other end of the fixing rod is fixed to the bottom plate 202. Specifically, one end of the fixing rod 203 is connected with the chassis 202 through a mantle fiber, and the other end is fixed with the fixing plate 207 through a bolt, so that the transparent organic glass barrel 204 is driven to move when the sample is prevented from frost heaving by the connection mode.
As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 12, the device further includes a temperature acquisition device 6 for monitoring a temperature change in a soil freezing process, wherein a plurality of temperature acquisition interfaces 205 are arranged on the side wall surface of the soil sample frost heaving experimental device 2 along a vertical direction, and the temperature acquisition devices 6 are respectively connected to the temperature acquisition interfaces 205 and are used for monitoring the temperature change in the soil freezing process. The temperature acquisition device 6 in this embodiment is connected with the data acquisition instrument 601 through the temperature sensor circuit 603 by adopting the thermistor sensor 602, the temperature sensor circuit 603 passes through the first hole 302 of the side wall of the incubator 3, the third hole 1013 of the soil sample periphery thermal insulation cover 101, and the temperature acquisition interface 205 reserved on the transparent organic glass barrel 204 is inserted into the sample soil body, and the freezing depth of the soil body is determined by acquiring data of the temperature field in the freezing process.
The device is shown in fig. 3, and further comprises a mahalanobis bottle 7 and a water supplementing pipeline 701, wherein a water supplementing port is formed in the bottom of the soil sample frost heaving experimental device 2, and the mahalanobis bottle 7 is communicated with the water supplementing port through the water supplementing pipeline 701. In this embodiment, the water outlet of the mahalanobis bottle 7 is connected to the simulated groundwater inlet 209 at the bottom of the soil sample frost heaving experiment device 2 through the water supplementing pipeline 701 and the second hole 303 of the incubator 3 and the seventh hole 1015 of the heat preservation cover 1. The simulation effect is that the top end of the Marshall bottle 7 and the bottom of the soil sample frost heaving experiment device 2 are arranged on the same horizontal line by adjusting the height of the Marshall bottle 7, water on the base can be absorbed when the experimental soil sample starts to frost heaving, and then water in the Marshall bottle 7 is immediately replenished, so that the water replenishing phenomenon of underground water is simulated.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the soil sample periphery insulation cover 101 and the soil sample photo collecting region insulation cover 102 each comprise a polytetrafluoroethylene layer 1016, an aerogel felt layer 1017 and a polystyrene board 1018 which are nested in sequence from inside to outside. Specifically, the polytetrafluoroethylene layer 1016 of the first layer has good properties such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, non-stick, self-lubrication, excellent dielectric properties, low friction coefficient, and its smooth surface reduces the friction force when the heat preservation cover 102 is lifted in the soil sample photo collecting area, so that the whole lifting process is stable and quick. The aerogel felt layer 1017 of the second layer is nano-scale, has excellent heat insulation performance, the heat insulation effect is 2-5 times of that of a common heat insulation material, and the good heat insulation effect can be obtained through smaller thickness; the third layer of polyphenyl board 1018 has good heat insulation performance and certain strength, the gap between the polyphenyl board 1018 and the polytetrafluoroethylene layer 1016 is filled with nano aerogel felt, and the softer nano aerogel felt is connected with the inner side annular wall of the polyphenyl board 1018 and the outer side annular wall of the polytetrafluoroethylene through rubber and plastic heat insulation glue. The top plate 1011 of the soil sample periphery heat-insulating cover 101 and the soil sample photo collecting region heat-insulating cover 102 is also three layers, and the composition materials and the connection mode of each layer from inside to outside are the same as the above. Wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene layer 1016 of the top plate 1011 is integral with the polytetrafluoroethylene layer 1016 of the side wall, and no further connections are required. Through the multistage heat preservation treatment, unidirectional freezing of the soil sample is guaranteed to the greatest extent.
As shown in fig. 6, 9 and 10, the soil sample photo collecting device further comprises a lifting device and a driving device 9, wherein the driving device 9 is connected with the soil sample photo collecting region heat insulation cover 102, the lifting device comprises a rail 1022 and a sliding component, the rail 1022 is vertically fixed, and the sliding component is arranged on the rail 1022 in a lifting manner and is fixedly connected with the soil sample photo collecting region heat insulation cover 102. Specifically, the driving device 9 in this embodiment may employ a gear motor 103, where the gear motor 103 is an integrated body of a speed reducer and a motor (motor), the controller and the motor are both outside the incubator 3, one end of the nylon rope is connected to the gear motor 103, and the other end passes through the pulley 104 to connect with the connection board of the incubator 3 and the heat preservation cover 102 of the soil sample photo collecting area. By controlling the operation of the gear motor 103, the nylon rope is wound and unwound, and thereby the lifting and lowering of the closing portion is regulated. Specifically, the nylon rope connected with the gear motor 103 is connected with the soil sample photo collecting area heat preservation cover 102 in a binding way through the connecting plate at the top, so that the gear motor 103 controls the nylon rope to lift and drive the soil sample photo collecting area heat preservation cover 102 to lift. The soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover 102 falls down through the track 1022 to enable the soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover to be overlapped with the observation area to form a closed cover body again, the soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover 102 rises when shooting, and other times keep closed, so that disturbance of temperature to a sample is reduced. The semi-automatic mode makes the whole experiment process not need to open the door of the incubator 3, and the environment of the sample in the whole experiment process and the external environment have no gas exchange, so that the influence of temperature disturbance on the experiment is reduced.
The open-close state of the observation area can be regulated by a controller controlling a gear motor 103 outside the incubator 3, after the gear motor 103 controls a soil sample photo collecting area heat preservation cover 102 to rise, the observation area faces to an observation window 301 of the incubator 3, and a light path is formed among a microscopic camera lens, the observation window 301 and the observation area, so that a microscopic camera system can clearly observe the freezing structure of a soil sample of a sample. In the early stage of the experiment, the ice lens body is not formed, and a longer photo acquisition interval can be adopted; after the freezing front is stable in the middle and later stages of the experiment, the external water has enough time to move to the freezing front, so that the lens body of the last ice lens is promoted to grow rapidly, and the stage is the main stage for causing frost heaving, and the sample is observed every half an hour. The formation process of the ice lens body is recorded through the observation of different frequencies in a plurality of time periods. When shooting is completed, the motor is started, so that the soil sample photo collecting area heat preservation cover 102 descends to form a closed whole with the soil body periphery heat preservation cover 1, and the temperature is constant.
Further, the sliding member may be a sliding block, a linear bearing 1023 or a screw mechanism, for example, the linear bearing 1023 is taken as an example, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the upper end fixing end 1021 of the rail 1022 and the soil sample periphery thermal insulation cover are fixed by a screw 1024 and a pad 1025, the end of the rail 1022 is threaded, and the fixed end 1021 is screwed by a round hole on the fixed end 1021. The connection mode of the linear bearing 1023 is as follows: the screw passes through a fourth hole on the soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover 102 through the mantle fiber and is welded with the linear bearing 1023, so that the movement smoothness of the soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover 102 on the track 1022 is ensured. The rail 1022 provides a sliding support for lifting the soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover 102, so that the soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover 102 can stably lift.
Further, a bolt is attached to the top of the pulley 104, and the bolt is bolted to a bolt hole on the top of the incubator 3, thereby fixing the pulley 104 in the incubator 3. The pulley 104 is used for providing a reasonable path for the movement of the nylon rope, so that the nylon rope can be vertically connected with the connecting plate of the soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover 102, and therefore the purposes of small friction and smooth opening and closing of the soil sample photo collecting region heat preservation cover 102 in the lifting process are achieved.
The device is shown in fig. 11, and further includes a device 8 for measuring frost heave deformation of the soil sample, where the device 8 is disposed inside the experimental device 2 for frost heave of the soil sample and is located at the top of the experimental device 2 for monitoring frost heave deformation in the freezing process. Specifically, the soil sample frost heaving deformation measuring device 8 in this embodiment adopts a displacement sensor 801, the displacement sensor 801 contacts with the top of the soil sample frost heaving experimental device 2, a displacement sensor line 802 is led into the incubator 3 through an eighth hole 1019 on the top plate 1011 of the soil sample peripheral thermal insulation cover 101, and the first hole 302 of the incubator 3 penetrates out and is connected to a data acquisition device 803 outside the incubator 3, so as to measure the frost heaving deformation in the freezing process.
According to the invention, the freezing depth of the soil body is judged by collecting data of the temperature field in the freezing process, the frozen soil samples in different time periods are shot by combining the frost heaving deformation of the soil body, the forming process of the ice lens body is further analyzed, and the research result provides basis for the relevant analysis and numerical calculation of the frost heaving of the soil body. The system realizes the experimental design integrating the groundwater replenishment simulation of frost heaving experimental soil, the cooling and heat preservation and heat insulation of a soil sample, the frost heaving deformation measurement of the soil sample, the observation and microscopic photographing of the soil sample ice lens body, and the test system has the characteristics of simple operation, high degree of automation, small temperature fluctuation, high test precision and strong practicability, and can observe other samples with strict control requirements on temperature in real time besides the frost soil sample. The invention can observe the ice lens body in the unidirectional freezing process under the condition of ensuring that the influence of the ambient temperature is minimum, the temperature of the periphery of the soil sample is not influenced and the structure of the sample is not damaged in the whole experimental process, the formation process including freezing fronts, partial freezing and the like can be effectively observed, the microstructure in the formation process of the ice lens body can be dynamically observed, and meanwhile, the unidirectional freezing of the soil body is ensured to the greatest extent. The test result has important significance for researches such as analysis of frost heaving mechanism, numerical simulation of frost heaving and the like.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A frost heaving test system for vision of an ice lens body, comprising: the device comprises a constant temperature box, a heat preservation cover, a soil sample frost heaving experiment device, an image acquisition device, a lifting device and a driving device, wherein the driving device is connected with the soil sample photo acquisition region heat preservation cover, the lifting device comprises a track and a sliding part, the track is vertically fixed, the sliding part is arranged on the track in a lifting manner and is fixedly connected with the soil sample photo acquisition region heat preservation cover, the heat preservation cover is arranged in the constant temperature box, and the soil sample frost heaving experiment device is arranged in the heat preservation cover; wherein,,
the heat preservation cover comprises a soil sample periphery heat preservation cover and a soil sample photo acquisition area heat preservation cover, wherein the soil sample periphery heat preservation cover is provided with an observation area, and the soil sample photo acquisition area heat preservation cover is movably arranged at the observation area to cover or expose the observation area;
the soil sample periphery heat preservation cover and the soil sample photo acquisition area heat preservation cover comprise a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, an aerogel felt layer and a polystyrene board which are sequentially nested from inside to outside;
an observation window is arranged on the surface of the incubator at a position corresponding to the observation area;
the image acquisition device set up in outside the observation window, the image acquisition device includes: video cameras and stereoscopic microscopes.
2. The frost heaving test system for ice lens body observation according to claim 1, further comprising a first cold bath box and a second cold bath box, wherein the soil sample frost heaving test device comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, the top plate and the bottom plate are respectively positioned at the top and the bottom of the soil sample frost heaving test device, heat exchange tubes are respectively arranged inside the top plate and the bottom plate, a top plate cold bath interface communicated with the inside of the top plate is arranged on the surface of the top plate, a bottom plate cold bath interface communicated with the inside of the bottom plate is arranged on the surface of the bottom plate, the first cold bath box is connected with the top plate cold bath interface through a cold liquid tube, and the second cold bath box is connected with the bottom plate cold bath interface through a cold liquid tube.
3. The frost heaving test system for ice lens observation according to claim 2, wherein the soil sample frost heaving test device further comprises a fixing rod and a fixing disc, the fixing disc is arranged in the circumferential direction of the top disc, the fixing rod is vertically arranged, one end of the fixing rod is fixed with the fixing disc, and the other end of the fixing rod is fixed with the chassis.
4. The frost heaving test system for ice lens observation according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature acquisition device for monitoring temperature change in the soil freezing process, wherein a plurality of temperature acquisition interfaces are arranged on the side wall surface of the soil sample frost heaving experimental device along the vertical direction, and the temperature acquisition devices are respectively connected to the temperature acquisition interfaces.
5. The frost heaving test system for ice lens observation according to claim 1, further comprising a mahalanobis bottle and a water supplementing pipeline, wherein a water supplementing port is arranged at the bottom of the soil sample frost heaving test device, and the mahalanobis bottle is communicated with the water supplementing port through the water supplementing pipeline.
6. The frost heaving test system for ice lens body observation according to claim 1, further comprising a soil sample frost heaving deformation measuring device, wherein the soil sample frost heaving deformation measuring device is disposed inside the soil sample frost heaving experimental device and is located at the top of the soil sample frost heaving experimental device, and is used for monitoring the frost heaving deformation in the freezing process.
7. The frost heaving test system for ice lens observation according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the soil sample frost heaving test apparatus comprises a transparent plexiglass barrel.
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| CN114563441B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2023-12-22 | 中国农业大学 | Visualization device and method for soil freezing experiment |
| CN115266810B (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2023-05-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hot rod roadbed frost heaving test device |
| CN117054315B (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2024-01-09 | 东北林业大学 | Frozen soil permeability coefficient measurement system |
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