CN108956961B - Device and method for testing ice water erosion resistance of concrete - Google Patents
Device and method for testing ice water erosion resistance of concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN108956961B CN108956961B CN201810769964.0A CN201810769964A CN108956961B CN 108956961 B CN108956961 B CN 108956961B CN 201810769964 A CN201810769964 A CN 201810769964A CN 108956961 B CN108956961 B CN 108956961B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; ceramics; glass; bricks
- G01N33/383—Concrete, cement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
Abstract
The invention discloses a concrete ice water erosion resistance performance test device, which comprises a bottom plate, wherein a water pump and a low-temperature constant-temperature water bath are arranged on the bottom plate; the bottom plate is provided with a heat preservation groove body, an outer groove body and an inner groove body, the heat preservation, outer groove body and the inner groove body sequentially form a cooling liquid circulation interlayer and an annular erosion water cavity, the inner groove body is provided with a water passing notch, a first ice filtering net is covered on the water passing notch, and two sides of the water passing notch are connected with water level adjusting plates in a sliding manner; a water inlet is formed in the annular erosion water cavity, a water outlet is formed in the bottom of the inner tank body, the water outlet is connected with a water pump, and the water pump is connected with the water inlet; the test block fixing support is fixed at the bottom of the annular erosion water cavity; the heat-insulating cover is positioned at the top of the test groove; the two temperature probes respectively measure the air temperature above the annular erosion water cavity and the water surface, and the temperature display is connected with the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe. The test device and the test method simulate the river flood environment in cold areas more truly, and accurately test the anti-ice water erosion performance of the concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete tests, in particular to a device and a method for testing ice water erosion resistance of concrete.
Background
Slush refers to the phenomenon in which ice cubes flow together with river water before the river is frozen. The river in the inner Mongolia region of China or the river in other regions is easy to generate the downstream flow of the yellow river in the water sealing period of winter and the water opening period of spring, the period of the downstream flow of the yellow river is generally 10 days, the shortest year is only 1 day, the longest year can reach 60 days, and a large amount of ice cubes can appear in the river channel. The ice blocks can strike the hydraulic building at a certain speed along with the movement of water flow, and the unpredictability of the dynamic load can affect the safety of the hydraulic building, so that the service life of the hydraulic building is reduced. Therefore, in order to ensure the service performance and the service life of the hydraulic engineering in the severe cold region, the anti-ice water erosion performance of the concrete needs to be tested and evaluated.
In the current stage, aiming at the concrete anti-ice water erosion test device, due to the lack of a unified test standard, many researchers adopt self-made concrete anti-ice water erosion test machines, so that the shapes and the sizes of the test samples are not unified, and the comparability is lacking; secondly, the impact process of the ice water and the concrete test block is simulated, but the influence of the temperature on the test process is ignored, and the controllability of the ice water is difficult to ensure; thirdly, the test device at the current stage only simulates the erosion of the ice water of the river channel at different turbulent flow rates, ignores the flow rate of the secondary flow, and does not comprehensively simulate the ice water rate of the river; fourth, the test operation is complicated, the sample volume requirement is too big, the indoor test is difficult to make and install, and long in time consumption, the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the anti-ice water erosion performance of concrete, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, simulating the river flood environment in a cold area more truly, carrying out a high-speed flowing ice water erosion test on the concrete, and accurately testing the anti-ice water erosion performance of the concrete.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a concrete ice water erosion resistance test device, which comprises a bottom plate, a test groove, a test block fixing support, a heat preservation cover and a temperature measurer, wherein a water pump and a low-temperature constant-temperature water bath are arranged on the bottom plate; the test tank comprises a heat-insulating tank body, an outer tank body and an inner tank body, wherein the heat-insulating tank body, the outer tank body and the inner tank body are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, the outer tank body is sleeved in the heat-insulating tank body, the inner tank body is sleeved in the outer tank body, a cooling liquid circulation interlayer is formed between the heat-insulating tank body and the outer tank body, an annular erosion water cavity is formed between the outer tank body and the inner tank body, a water passing gap is formed in the side wall of the inner tank body, a first ice filtering net is covered on the water passing gap, a water level adjusting plate is connected to the side wall of the inner tank body at two sides of the water passing gap in a sealing sliding manner, and the water level height in the annular erosion water cavity can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the water level adjusting plate; the water inlet is arranged on the outer tank body, the water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the inner tank body, a second ice filtering net is covered on the water outlet, the water outlet is connected with the water pump through a first pipeline, the water pump is connected with the water inlet through a second pipeline, and the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath is connected with the cooling liquid circulating interlayer through a third pipeline; the test block fixing support is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the annular erosion water cavity and is used for fixing a concrete test block; the heat preservation cover is arranged at the top of the test groove and can seal the test groove; the temperature measurer comprises a first temperature probe, a second temperature probe and a temperature display, wherein the first temperature probe is used for measuring the water temperature in the annular erosion water cavity, the second temperature probe is used for measuring the air temperature above the water surface, and the temperature display is connected with the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe and is used for displaying the temperatures measured by the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe.
Preferably, a water drain pipe is arranged on the side wall of the outer groove body, the water drain pipe is communicated with the inside of the annular erosion water cavity, and a water drain valve is arranged on the water drain pipe.
Preferably, the heat insulation groove body, the outer groove body and the inner groove body are waist-shaped groove bodies, so that the annular erosion water cavity comprises a first rectangular cavity, a first annular cavity, a second rectangular cavity and a second annular cavity which are connected end to end in sequence, the water passing notch is formed in the side wall of the inner groove body of the second annular cavity, the test block fixing support comprises a turbulence test block fixing support and a secondary flow test block fixing support, a plurality of turbulence test block fixing supports are arranged at the bottoms of the first rectangular cavity and the second rectangular cavity, one secondary flow test block fixing support is arranged at the bottom of the first annular cavity, one water inlet is formed in the side wall of the outer groove body of the first annular cavity and one water inlet, and each water inlet is connected with one water pump through one second pipeline; the water inlet on the second annular cavity and the turbulence test block fixing support in the first rectangular cavity are arranged in a collinear manner, and the water inlet on the first annular cavity and the turbulence test block fixing support in the second rectangular cavity are arranged in a collinear manner.
Preferably, a plurality of lifting holes are formed in the bottom plate, a plurality of rollers are mounted on the bottom plate, the heat-insulation groove body is a steel groove body, and an aluminum silicate ceramic fiber heat-insulation cotton felt layer is coated on the outer side wall of the heat-insulation groove body.
Preferably, the heat preservation lid includes axis, semi-long ring peripheral lid and semi-long circular heat preservation perspective window, semi-long ring peripheral lid with semi-long circular heat preservation perspective window all is provided with two, centraxonial both ends fixed connection in on the lateral wall of heat preservation cell body, two semi-long ring peripheral lid all through hinge connection in epaxial, every equal fixedly connected with in the semi-long ring peripheral lid one semi-long circular heat preservation perspective window, just semi-long ring peripheral lid can drive semi-long circular heat preservation perspective window winds the axis rotates.
Preferably, the side walls of the inner tank body are respectively provided with a sliding tank body at two sides of the water passing notch, a water level adjusting plate is arranged between the two sliding tank bodies, and the water level adjusting plate is connected to the side walls of the inner tank body at two sides of the water passing notch in a sealing sliding manner through the sliding tank bodies.
Preferably, the sliding groove body is vertically arranged, the sliding groove body comprises a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate, one side of the first vertical plate is connected with the inner side wall of the inner groove body, the other side of the first vertical plate is connected with the second vertical plate, the second vertical plate and the first vertical plate form an acute angle and an included angle, and the water level adjusting plate is pressed by the second vertical plate and is tightly attached to the inner side wall of the inner groove body.
Preferably, a handle is fixedly connected to the upper surface of each semi-long circular ring peripheral cover, the first temperature probe is arranged at the lower end of the inner wall of the outer groove body, and the second temperature probe is arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the outer groove body.
Preferably, each test block fixing support comprises a fixing base and two fixing angle steel supports, each fixing angle steel support is fixedly connected to the fixing base, the fixing base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular erosion water cavity, one fixing angle steel support is provided with a nut in a penetrating mode, and the nut is internally connected with a jacking bolt in a threaded mode.
The invention also provides a test method for testing the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete by using the test device, which comprises the following steps:
step one: and (3) performing a freeze thawing test on the concrete test block: immersing the cured concrete test block in water for 4 days, soaking the concrete test block in water, taking out the concrete test block, observing the appearance, and weighing and recording the mass M of the concrete test block by wiping off the surface water of the concrete test block 1 And measuring the dynamic elastic modulus f of the concrete test block 1 Performing super-depth-of-field three-dimensional scanning on the concrete test block to obtain an image T 1 Freezing and thawing the concrete test block;
step two: fixing a concrete test block on the test block fixing support, moving the water level adjusting baffle to a required height, injecting water into the annular erosion water cavity until the water level is higher than the water level adjusting baffle, filtering the water by the first ice filtering net, and flowing into the inner tank;
starting the water pump and the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath, introducing cooling liquid into the cooling liquid circulation interlayer, and continuously refrigerating the cooling liquid by using the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath so as to keep the water in the annular erosion water cavity in a stable low-temperature state; the water in the inner tank is filtered by the second ice filtering net and then flows into the annular erosion water cavity through the water outlet, the first pipeline, the water pump, the second pipeline and the water inlet in sequence to form circulating water flow;
step four: closing the heat preservation cover, measuring the water temperature in the annular erosion water cavity through the first temperature probe after the water flow is uniform, measuring the air temperature on the water surface through the second temperature probe, opening the heat preservation cover after the water temperature in the annular erosion water cavity and the air temperature on the water surface reach the temperature required by a test, adding pre-made ice cubes into the annular erosion water cavity, closing the heat preservation cover, enabling the ice cubes to flow along with the water flow, and eroding the concrete test block;
step five: after the erosion time is reached, the water pump and the refrigerator are closed, the test is ended, the concrete test block is taken out, and the weight M is recorded by wiping the surface water of the concrete test block and weighing 2 And measuring the dynamic elastic modulus f of the concrete test block 2 Performing super-depth three-dimensional scanning on the concrete test block again to obtain an image T 2 ；
Step six: test data processing: mass loss rate Δw= (M 1 －M 2 )/M 1 X 100%, relative dynamic elastic modulus p=f 2 2 /f 1 2 100% of the test block damage condition is analyzed according to the relative dynamic elastic modulus P, and the super depth image T before and after the erosion test is compared 1 And T 2 The external damage condition is observed, and the smaller the mass loss rate DeltaW is, the smaller the relative dynamic elastic modulus P is, the better the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete test block with smaller external damage is.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the concrete ice water erosion resistance test device, the height of the side wall of the outer tank body is larger than that of the side wall of the inner tank body, the height of the side wall of the outer tank body is larger than that of the concrete test block, the concrete test block is fixed in the annular erosion water cavity, water flows in the annular erosion water cavity circularly through the water outlet, the first pipeline, the water pump, the second pipeline and the water inlet, the water flow rate in the annular erosion water cavity can be adjusted by adjusting the lift of the water pump, namely, the water flow rate of the erosion concrete test block is adjusted, the temperature of the water flow of the erosion concrete test block can be adjusted by adjusting the refrigeration temperature of the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath, and the temperature of the erosion water flow and the temperature of the atmosphere above the water surface are simultaneously ensured to be consistent with the temperature of a simulation area through the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe, so that the temperature of the simulation area in a flood is reduced more truly; during the test, make the surface of water height be less than the height of concrete test block, can guarantee that the effective impact of ice-cube acts on the concrete test block, it is fixed with the concrete test block, the rivers that have the ice-cube can maintain stable speed erosion concrete test block, the rivers velocity of flow does not receive the influence of time, the rivers velocity of flow control precision of erosion concrete test piece is high, accords with the circumstances of frozen water erosion test block under the true condition more. The device for testing the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete can quantitatively test ice water erosion tests with different ice water contents, different erosion rates and different temperatures, is high in parameter controllability, high in accuracy, high in test efficiency, labor-saving, capable of reducing labor intensity of test personnel, and convenient for indoor tests, so that the device can simulate the river flood environment in cold areas more truly, and can conduct high-speed flowing ice water erosion tests on the concrete to test the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete accurately. The method for testing the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete can cause damage to the concrete due to freezing, and the ice water erosion is performed on the concrete test block after the freezing and thawing test is performed on the concrete test block, so that the real environment is simulated more truly, and the accuracy of the test result is improved; the temperature, the cycle times and the time of the freeze thawing test can be set correspondingly according to the climate of the simulated region. The first ice filtering net and the second ice filtering net can ensure that ice cubes can not enter the water pump along with water flow circulation to damage equipment.
Furthermore, the test device and the test method for evaluating the anti-ice water erosion performance of the concrete provide effective data support for the actual engineering damage degree of the concrete during flood. The flushing duration of ice water at 0 ℃ in the period of flood can be simulated through a low-temperature constant-temperature water bath and a cooling liquid circulation interlayer; the annular erosion water cavity comprises a first rectangular cavity, a first annular cavity, a second rectangular cavity and a second annular cavity which are sequentially connected end to end, the turbulence test block fixing supports in the first rectangular cavity and the second rectangular cavity are used for testing ice water erosion damage of turbulence to concrete, the secondary flow test block fixing supports in the first annular cavity and the second annular cavity are used for testing ice water erosion damage of secondary flow to concrete, turbulence and secondary flow in a river channel can be simulated more comprehensively, and the performance of ice water erosion resistance of actual engineering is more similar; the method is simple and reasonable, is convenient to generate and operate, and can simulate different flow rates to carry out ice water erosion tests.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a concrete ice water erosion resistance performance test device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the concrete ice water erosion resistance test device provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the bottom of the concrete ice water erosion resistance performance test device provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a water level adjusting baffle of the concrete ice water erosion resistance performance test device provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a test piece fixing support of the concrete ice water erosion resistance performance test device.
In the figure: 1-an insulating layer; 2-a semi-long circular ring peripheral cover; 3-a handle; 4-a semi-oblong heat-preserving perspective window; 5-a central shaft; 6-a temperature display; 7-a water drain pipe; 8-a water drain pipe valve; 9-a bottom plate; 10-a water pump; 11-a low temperature water bath; 12-rolling wheels; 13, lifting holes; 14-a heat preservation cover; 15-a second temperature probe; 16-water inlet; 17-passing through a water gap; 18-a first ice filter screen; 19-a water level adjusting baffle; 20-a water outlet; 21-a second ice filter screen; 22-an inner tank body; 23-an outer tank; 24-test block fixing support; 25-water outlet; 26-a cooling liquid circulation interlayer; 27-annular erosion water chamber; 28-a sliding groove body; 29-fixing angle steel support; 30-a nut; 31-pressing a bolt; 32-a first line; 33-a second line; 34-a third line; 35-fixing a base; 36-concrete test block; 37-an insulation tank body; 38-a first rectangular cavity; 39-a first annular cavity; 40-a second rectangular cavity; 41-a second annular cavity.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the anti-ice water erosion performance of concrete, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, simulating the river flood environment in a cold area more truly, carrying out a high-speed flowing ice water erosion test on the concrete, and accurately testing the anti-ice water erosion performance of the concrete.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1-3, the concrete ice water erosion resistance test device comprises a bottom plate 9, a test groove, a test block fixing support 24, a heat preservation cover 14 and a temperature measurer, wherein a water pump 10 and a low-temperature constant-temperature water bath 11 are arranged on the bottom plate 9; the test tank comprises a heat-preserving tank body 37, an outer tank body 23 and an inner tank body 22, wherein the heat-preserving tank body 37, the outer tank body 23 and the inner tank body 22 are fixedly arranged on a bottom plate 9, the outer tank body 23 is sleeved in the heat-preserving tank body 37, the inner tank body 22 is arranged in the outer tank body 23, a cooling liquid circulation interlayer 26 is formed between the heat-preserving tank body 37 and the outer tank body 23, an annular erosion water cavity 27 is formed between the outer tank body 23 and the inner tank body 22, a water passing notch 17 is formed in the side wall of the inner tank body 22, a first ice filtering net 18 is covered on the water passing notch 17, a water level adjusting plate 19 is connected to the side walls of the inner tank body 22 on two sides of the water passing notch 17 in a sealing sliding manner, and the water level height in the annular erosion water cavity 27 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the water level adjusting plate 19; the side wall of the outer tank body 23 is provided with a water inlet 16, the bottom of the inner tank body 22 is provided with a water outlet 20, the water outlet 20 is covered with a second ice filtering net 21, the water outlet 20 is connected with the water pump 10 through a first pipeline 32, the water pump 10 is connected with the water inlet 16 through a second pipeline 33, the cryostat water bath 11 is connected with the cooling liquid circulating interlayer 26 through a third pipeline 34, and the test block fixing support 24 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the annular erosion water cavity 27 and used for fixing a concrete test block 36; the heat-insulating cover 14 is arranged at the top of the test groove and can seal the test groove; the temperature measurer comprises a first temperature probe, a second temperature probe 15 and a temperature display 6, wherein the temperature display 6 is a digital display electronic thermometer, the first temperature probe is used for measuring the water temperature in the annular erosion water cavity 27, the second temperature probe 15 is used for measuring the air temperature above the water surface, and the temperature display 6 is connected with the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe 15 and can display the temperatures measured by the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe 15 at the same time.
The test method for testing the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete by using the device for testing the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one: the concrete block 36 was subjected to a freeze thawing test: the concrete test block 28 is soaked in 15-20 ℃ water for 4 days after 24 days of age, taken out, and the surface moisture of the concrete test block 28 is erased by wet cloth to weigh and record the mass M of the concrete test block 28 1 And the dynamic elastic modulus f of the concrete block 36 is measured 1 Super-depth three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the concrete test block 36 to obtain an image T 1 Then freezing and thawing the concrete test block 36;
step two: after the freeze thawing test is finished, fixing a concrete test block 36 on a test block fixing support 24, moving a water level adjusting baffle 19 to a required height, filling water into the annular erosion water cavity 27 until the water level is higher than the water level adjusting baffle 19, filtering the water by a first ice filtering net 18, and flowing into an inner tank body 22;
step three, starting the water pump 10 and the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath 11, introducing cooling liquid into the cooling liquid circulation interlayer 26, and continuously refrigerating the cooling liquid by using the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath 11 so as to keep the water in the annular erosion water cavity 27 in a stable low-temperature state; the water in the inner tank body 22 is filtered by the second ice filtering net 21 and then flows into the annular erosion water cavity 27 through the water outlet 20, the first pipeline 32, the water pump 10, the second pipeline 33 and the water inlet 16 in sequence to form circulating water flow; the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid circulation interlayer 26 is connected with the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath 11 through a third pipeline 34 for circulating and flowing refrigeration.
Step four: closing the heat preservation cover 14, measuring the water temperature in the annular erosion water cavity 27 through the first temperature probe after the water flow is uniform, measuring the air temperature on the water surface through the second temperature probe 15, opening the heat preservation cover 14 after the water temperature in the annular erosion water cavity 27 and the air temperature on the water surface reach the temperature required by the test, adding pre-made ice cubes into the annular erosion water cavity 27, closing the heat preservation cover 14, enabling the ice cubes to flow along with the water flow, and eroding the concrete test block 36;
step five: after the erosion time is reached, the water pump 10 and the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath 11 are turned off, the erosion test is ended, the concrete test block 36 is taken out, the wet cloth is used for wiping the surface moisture of the concrete test block 36, and the weight M of the concrete test block 36 is recorded by weighing 2 And the dynamic elastic modulus f of the concrete block 28 was measured 2 The concrete test block 36 is subjected to super-depth three-dimensional scanning again to obtain an image T 2 ；
Step six: test data processing: mass loss rate Δw= (M 1 －M 2 )/M 1 X 100%, relative dynamic elastic modulus p=f 2 2 /f 1 2 100% of the test block damage condition is analyzed according to the relative dynamic elastic modulus P, and the super depth image T before and after the erosion test is compared 1 And T 2 The concrete test piece 36 having smaller external damage is better in ice water erosion resistance as the mass loss rate Δw is smaller and the relative dynamic elastic modulus P is smaller.
According to the concrete ice water erosion resistance test device, the water pump 10 adopts the variable-frequency water pump, so that the erosion rate can be changed, and ice water erosion experiments under different erosion rates can be carried out; the low-temperature and constant-temperature water bath 11 can adjust the refrigerating temperature and keep constant temperature, and can reduce the temperature of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid circulation interlayer 26 to minus 30 ℃ at the lowest, thereby providing temperature guarantee for the ice water erosion test at different temperatures in the annular erosion water tank. The height of the side wall of the outer tank body 23 is larger than that of the side wall of the inner tank body 22, the height of the side wall of the outer tank body 23 is larger than that of the concrete test block 36, the concrete test block 36 is fixed in the annular erosion water cavity 27, water flow in the annular erosion water cavity 27 circularly flows through the water outlet 20, the first pipeline 32, the water pump 10, the second pipeline 33 and the water inlet 16, the water flow speed in the annular erosion water cavity 27 can be adjusted by adjusting the lift of the water pump 10, namely, the water flow speed of the erosion concrete test block 36 is adjusted, the water flow temperature of the erosion concrete test block 36 can be adjusted by adjusting the refrigeration temperature of the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath 11, and the temperature of the erosion water flow and the temperature of the atmosphere above the water surface can be simultaneously ensured to be consistent with the temperature of a simulated area through the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe 15, so that the temperature in the process of over-water flood in the simulated area can be reduced more truly; during the test, the water surface height is lower than the height of the concrete test block 36, the effective impact of ice cubes on the concrete test block 36 can be ensured, the concrete test block 36 is fixed, the water flow with ice cubes can maintain stable speed to erode the concrete test block 36, the water flow rate is not influenced by time, the control precision of the water flow rate of the eroded concrete test block is high, and the situation of the ice water erosion test block under real conditions is more met. The device for testing the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete can quantitatively test ice water erosion tests with different ice water contents, different erosion rates and different temperatures, is high in parameter controllability, high in accuracy, high in test efficiency, labor-saving, capable of reducing labor intensity of test personnel, and convenient for indoor tests, so that the device can simulate the river flood environment in cold areas more truly, and can conduct high-speed flowing ice water erosion tests on the concrete to test the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete accurately. The method for testing the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete can cause damage to the concrete due to freezing, and the ice water erosion is performed on the concrete test block 36 after the freezing and thawing test is performed on the concrete test block 36, so that the real environment is simulated more truly, and the accuracy of the test result is improved; the temperature, the cycle times and the time of the freeze thawing test can be set correspondingly according to the climate of the simulated region. The first ice filter net 18 and the second ice filter net 21 can ensure that ice cubes do not enter the water pump 10 along with water flow circulation to damage equipment. The invention uses 100mm and 100mm 400mm standard test pieces for test, which can be compared with other performance test tests.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate discharging the water in the annular erosion water chamber 27 and the inner tank 22 after the erosion test is completed, a water drain 25 is provided at the lower end of the sidewall of the outer tank 23, a water drain pipe 7 is connected to the water drain 25, the water drain pipe 7 is communicated with the interior of the annular erosion water chamber 27, and a water drain valve 8 is provided on the water drain pipe 7. The water in the annular erosion water cavity 27 can flow out through the water drain pipe 7 by opening the water drain pipe valve 8, and the water drain speed can be adjusted.
The heat preservation cell body 37, the outer cell body 23 and the inside groove body 22 are waist-shaped cell bodies, so that the annular erosion water cavity 27 comprises a first rectangular cavity 38, a first annular cavity 39, a second rectangular cavity 40 and a second annular cavity 41 which are connected end to end in sequence, the water passing notch 17 is arranged on the side wall of the inside groove body 22 of the second annular cavity 41, the test block fixing support 24 comprises a turbulence test block fixing support and a secondary flow test block fixing support, a plurality of turbulence test block fixing supports are arranged at the bottoms of the first rectangular cavity 38 and the second rectangular cavity 40, a secondary flow test block fixing support is arranged at the bottom of the first annular cavity 39, a water inlet 26 is arranged on the side wall of the outer cell body 23 of the first annular cavity 39 and the side wall of the second annular cavity 41, and each water inlet 26 is connected with a water pump 10 through a second pipeline 33. Because the water flow states in the first rectangular cavity 38 and the second rectangular cavity 40 accord with the turbulent flow state of flushing concrete, the water flow states of the first annular cavity 38 and the second annular cavity 40 accord with the secondary flow state of flushing concrete, the turbulent flow test block fixing support arranged in the first annular cavity 38 and the second annular cavity 40 can be used for testing the ice water erosion damage of the turbulent flow to the concrete test block 36, and the secondary flow test block fixing support arranged in the first annular cavity 39 and the second annular cavity 41 can be used for testing the ice water erosion damage of the secondary flow to the concrete, so that the turbulent flow and the secondary flow in a river channel can be more comprehensively simulated, and the ice water erosion resistance of the river channel is more similar to that of actual engineering; the method is simple and reasonable, is convenient to generate and operate, and can simulate different flow rates to carry out ice water erosion tests.
In order to stabilize the flow rate of water flushed to the concrete block 28, in another embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet 16 on the second annular cavity 41 is positioned in-line with the turbulence block mounting in the first rectangular cavity 38, and the water inlet 16 on the first annular cavity 39 is positioned in-line with the turbulence block mounting in the second rectangular cavity 40.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to avoid unstable water flow speed at the water passing gap 17, the water inlet 16 and the water passing gap 17 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the water inlet 16 is not right opposite to the water passing gap 17, the bottom plate 9 is provided with a plurality of lifting holes 13, and the bottom plate 9 is provided with a plurality of rollers 12. Can hoist and mount through hoist and mount hole 13 remove test device, install a plurality of gyro wheels 12 on the bottom plate 9, can realize being convenient for promote test device, make things convenient for test device to remove, reduce the place restriction.
The heat preservation cell body 37 is the steel cell body, and the heat preservation cell body 37 lateral wall coats and has aluminium silicate ceramic fiber heat preservation cotton felt layer, and is provided with the heat preservation lid 14 that can seal the test groove on the test groove, can reduce the temperature loss of test device. In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the heat insulation cover 14 includes a central shaft 5, a semi-long ring peripheral cover 2 and a semi-long circular heat insulation perspective window 4, two semi-long ring peripheral covers 2 and two semi-long circular heat insulation perspective windows 4 are respectively provided, two ends of the central shaft 5 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the heat insulation groove 37, two semi-ring 2 peripheral covers are all connected to the central shaft 5 through hinges, a semi-long circular heat insulation perspective window 4 is fixedly connected in each semi-long ring peripheral cover 2, and the semi-long ring peripheral cover 2 can drive the semi-long circular heat insulation perspective window 4 to rotate around the central shaft 5. A semi-long circular peripheral cover 2 and a semi-circular heat-insulation perspective window 4 are combined to form a semi-circular heat-insulation cover, the two semi-circular heat-insulation covers can be opened and closed freely and independently, and the semi-long circular peripheral cover 2 can be opened to drive the semi-long circular heat-insulation perspective window 4 to be opened together; the semi-long round heat-preservation perspective window 4 is a semicircular double-layer vacuum heat-preservation glass perspective window, the semi-long round peripheral cover 2 is made of steel plates, and the semi-long round peripheral cover 2 can protect the fragile double-layer vacuum heat-preservation glass perspective window from being broken. The semi-oblong heat-preservation perspective window 4 can meet the requirement that test personnel observe test conditions in the outer tank body 23 and the inner tank body 22 from time to time. The semi-long round heat-preservation perspective window 4 is fixed on the inner side of the outer cover 2 of the bright semi-long round ring through neutral silicone sealant, a sealing strip is stuck on the outer side wall of the center shaft 5, and when the semi-long round heat-preservation perspective window 4 rotates around the center shaft 5, the opening of the semi-long round heat-preservation perspective window 4 is not affected, the tightness with the center shaft 5 can be ensured, and the temperature loss is reduced.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a sliding groove 28 is respectively disposed on two sides of the water gap 17 on the side wall of the inner groove 22, a water level adjusting plate 19 is disposed between the two sliding groove 26, and the water level adjusting plate 19 is hermetically and slidably connected to the side walls of the inner groove 22 on two sides of the water gap 17 through the sliding groove 28.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the sliding groove 28 is made of stainless steel, the sliding groove 26 is vertically and fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the inner groove 22, the sliding groove 28 includes a first riser and a second riser, one side of the first riser is connected to the inner sidewall of the inner groove 22, the other side of the first riser is connected to the second riser, the second riser forms an angle of 45 degrees with the first riser, and the water level adjusting plate 19 is pressed by the second riser and tightly attached to the inner sidewall of the inner groove 22, so that the water level height in the annular erosion water cavity 27 can be effectively ensured.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate opening of the semi-long ring peripheral covers 2, a handle 3 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of each semi-long ring peripheral cover 2; in order to facilitate the measurement of the water flow temperature, a first temperature probe is arranged at the lower end of the inner wall of the outer tank body 23, and in order to facilitate the measurement of the air temperature above the water surface, a second temperature probe 15 is arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the outer tank body 23.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the test block fixing support 24 includes a fixing base 35 and two fixing angle steel supports 29, each fixing angle steel support 29 is fixedly connected to the fixing base 35, the fixing base 35 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular erosion water chamber 27, a nut 30 is threaded on one fixing angle steel support 29, and a pressing bolt 31 is connected to the nut 30 in an internal thread manner. When the concrete test block 28 is fixed, the concrete test block 28 is placed between the two fixed angle steel supports 29, the jacking bolts 31 are twisted to bear against the concrete test block 36, and the jacking bolts 31 are continuously twisted until the concrete test block 36 is fixed.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A concrete anti-ice water erosion performance test device is characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
the bottom plate is provided with a water pump and a low-temperature constant-temperature water bath;
the test tank comprises a heat-insulating tank body, an outer tank body and an inner tank body, wherein the heat-insulating tank body, the outer tank body and the inner tank body are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, the outer tank body is sleeved in the heat-insulating tank body, the inner tank body is sleeved in the outer tank body, a cooling liquid circulation interlayer is formed between the heat-insulating tank body and the outer tank body, an annular erosion water cavity is formed between the outer tank body and the inner tank body, a water passing notch is formed in the side wall of the inner tank body, a first ice filtering net is covered on the water passing notch, a water level adjusting plate is connected to the side wall of the inner tank body at two sides of the water passing notch in a sealing sliding manner, and the water level height in the annular erosion water cavity can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the water level adjusting plate; the water inlet is arranged on the outer tank body, the water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the inner tank body, a second ice filtering net is covered on the water outlet, the water outlet is connected with the water pump through a first pipeline, the water pump is connected with the water inlet through a second pipeline, the cryostat water bath is connected with the cooling liquid circulation interlayer through a third pipeline, the cryostat water bath can adjust the refrigerating temperature and keep constant temperature, and the lowest temperature of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid circulation interlayer can be reduced to 30 ℃ below zero;
the test block fixing support is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the annular erosion water cavity and used for fixing a concrete test block;
the heat preservation cover is arranged at the top of the test groove and can seal the test groove;
the heat preservation groove body, the outer groove body and the inner groove body are waist-shaped groove bodies, so that the annular erosion water cavity comprises a first rectangular cavity, a first annular cavity, a second rectangular cavity and a second annular cavity which are connected end to end in sequence, the water passing notch is formed in the side wall of the inner groove body of the second annular cavity, the test block fixing support comprises a turbulence test block fixing support and a secondary flow test block fixing support, a plurality of turbulence test block fixing supports are arranged at the bottoms of the first rectangular cavity and the second rectangular cavity, a secondary flow test block fixing support is arranged at the bottom of the first annular cavity, a water inlet is formed in the side wall of the outer groove body of the first annular cavity and the side wall of the second annular cavity, and each water inlet is connected with a water pump through a second pipeline; and
the temperature measurer comprises a first temperature probe, a second temperature probe and a temperature display, wherein the first temperature probe is used for measuring the water temperature in the annular erosion water cavity, the second temperature probe is used for measuring the air temperature above the water surface, and the temperature display is connected with the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe and is used for displaying the temperatures measured by the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe.
2. The concrete ice water erosion resistance test device according to claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the outer groove body is provided with a water drain pipe, the water drain pipe is communicated with the inside of the annular erosion water cavity, and the water drain pipe is provided with a water drain valve.
3. The concrete ice water erosion resistance test device according to claim 2, wherein: the water inlet on the second annular cavity and the turbulence test block fixing support in the first rectangular cavity are arranged in a collinear manner, and the water inlet on the first annular cavity and the turbulence test block fixing support in the second rectangular cavity are arranged in a collinear manner.
4. The concrete ice water erosion resistance test device according to claim 1, wherein: the aluminum silicate ceramic fiber heat-insulation cotton felt is characterized in that a plurality of hoisting holes are formed in the bottom plate, a plurality of rollers are mounted on the bottom plate, the heat-insulation groove body is a steel groove body, and an aluminum silicate ceramic fiber heat-insulation cotton felt layer is coated on the outer side wall of the heat-insulation groove body.
5. The concrete ice water erosion resistance test device according to claim 1, wherein: the heat preservation cover comprises a central shaft, a semi-long circular ring peripheral cover and a semi-long circular heat preservation perspective window, wherein the semi-long circular ring peripheral cover and the semi-long circular heat preservation perspective window are both provided with two, two ends of the central shaft are fixedly connected to the side wall of the heat preservation groove body, the two semi-long circular ring peripheral covers are all connected to the central shaft through hinges, one semi-long circular heat preservation perspective window is fixedly connected in each semi-long circular ring peripheral cover, and the semi-long circular ring peripheral cover can drive the semi-long circular heat preservation perspective window to rotate around the central shaft.
6. The concrete ice water erosion resistance test device according to claim 1, wherein: the water level adjusting plate is connected to the side walls of the inner tank body in a sealing and sliding manner through the sliding groove bodies.
7. The device for testing the ice water erosion resistance of concrete according to claim 6, wherein: the vertical setting of sliding tray body, the sliding tray body includes first riser and second riser, first riser one side with the inside wall of inside groove body is connected, the opposite side of first riser with the second riser is connected, the second riser with first riser is acute angle contained angle, the water level regulating plate by the second riser compress tightly and closely laminate in on the inside wall of inside groove body.
8. The device for testing the ice water erosion resistance of concrete according to claim 5, wherein: each semi-long ring peripheral cover is fixedly connected with a handle on the upper surface, the first temperature probe is arranged at the lower end of the inner wall of the outer groove body, and the second temperature probe is arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the outer groove body.
9. The concrete ice water erosion resistance test device according to claim 1, wherein: each test block fixing support comprises a fixing base and two fixing angle steel supports, each fixing angle steel support is fixedly connected to the fixing base, the fixing base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular erosion water cavity, one fixing angle steel support is provided with a nut in a penetrating mode, and the nut is internally connected with a jacking bolt in a threaded mode.
10. A test method for testing the ice water erosion resistance of concrete by using the test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: and (3) performing a freeze thawing test on the concrete test block: immersing the cured concrete test block in water for 4 days, soaking the concrete test block in water, taking out the concrete test block, observing the appearance, and weighing and recording the mass M of the concrete test block by wiping off the surface water of the concrete test block 1 And measuring the dynamic elastic modulus f of the concrete test block 1 Performing super-depth-of-field three-dimensional scanning on concrete test blocksTracing to obtain an image T 1 Freezing and thawing the concrete test block;
step two: fixing a concrete test block on the test block fixing support, moving the water level adjusting plate to a required height, injecting water into the annular erosion water cavity until the water level is higher than the water level adjusting plate, filtering the water by the first ice filtering net, and flowing into the inner tank;
starting the water pump and the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath, introducing cooling liquid into the cooling liquid circulation interlayer, and continuously refrigerating the cooling liquid by using the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath so as to keep the water in the annular erosion water cavity in a stable low-temperature state; the water in the inner tank is filtered by the second ice filtering net and then flows into the annular erosion water cavity through the water outlet, the first pipeline, the water pump, the second pipeline and the water inlet in sequence to form circulating water flow;
step four: closing the heat preservation cover, measuring the water temperature in the annular erosion water cavity through the first temperature probe after the water flow is uniform, measuring the air temperature on the water surface through the second temperature probe, opening the heat preservation cover after the water temperature in the annular erosion water cavity and the air temperature on the water surface reach the temperature required by a test, adding pre-made ice cubes into the annular erosion water cavity, closing the heat preservation cover, enabling the ice cubes to flow along with the water flow, and eroding the concrete test block;
step five: after the erosion time is reached, the water pump and the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath are closed, the test is ended, the concrete test block is taken out, and the water on the surface of the concrete test block is erased to weigh and record the weight M 2 And measuring the dynamic elastic modulus f of the concrete test block 2 Performing super-depth three-dimensional scanning on the concrete test block again to obtain an image T 2 ；
Step six: test data processing: mass loss rate Δw= (M 1 －M 2 ）/M 1 X 100%, relative dynamic elastic modulus p=f 2 2 /f 1 2 100% of the test block damage condition is analyzed according to the relative dynamic elastic modulus P, and the super depth image T before and after the erosion test is compared 1 And T 2 The external damage condition is observed, and the smaller the mass loss rate DeltaW is, the smaller the relative dynamic elastic modulus P is, the better the ice water erosion resistance of the concrete test block with smaller external damage is.
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