CN114563441B - Visualization device and method for soil freezing experiment - Google Patents
Visualization device and method for soil freezing experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114563441B CN114563441B CN202210152999.6A CN202210152999A CN114563441B CN 114563441 B CN114563441 B CN 114563441B CN 202210152999 A CN202210152999 A CN 202210152999A CN 114563441 B CN114563441 B CN 114563441B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 80
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007794 visualization technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
- G01N25/145—Accessories, e.g. cooling devices
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil experiment devices, and provides a visualization device and a method for a soil freezing experiment, wherein the device is positioned in a constant temperature box and comprises a visualization shell provided with a soil sample of a first pigment; the temperature measuring sensor penetrates through the side wall of the visual shell and is buried in the soil sample; the first heat conductor is arranged at the top of the visual shell, and a conduit communicated with the cooling liquid supply device is arranged in the first heat conductor; the water supplementing assembly is communicated with the bottom of the soil sample; the second heat conductor is arranged at the bottom of the visual shell; and the light source is used for irradiating the visual shell. According to the visualization device and the method for the soil freezing experiment, provided by the invention, the temperature of the bottom of the soil sample is controlled through the second heat conductor, the temperature of the top of the soil sample is controlled through the first heat conductor, and the temperature of the soil sample is measured through the temperature measuring sensor, so that quantification of an experiment result can be realized; meanwhile, the water supplementing assembly supplements water for the soil sample and simulates the freezing process of the unsaturated soil for supplementing water for underground water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil experiment devices, in particular to a visualization device and method for a soil freezing experiment.
Background
The soil freezing refers to the fact that in winter in middle and high latitude areas, when the temperature of the soil is reduced to below 0 ℃, water in the soil is frozen into ice, soil particles are fixed, and the soil is frozen into a hard state. The depth of the soil freezing is related to the local climate conditions, topography, soil structure, soil humidity, surface snow thickness and straw coverage.
In the prior art, when a visual experiment is carried out on the soil freezing process, the freezing experiment is carried out only on saturated soil, and when the temperature of the saturated soil is controlled, the bottom heat conductor is directly soaked in cooling liquid. However, in the temperature conduction process, a large temperature loss is accompanied, so that the temperature control is inaccurate, and the experimental result is difficult to quantify.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a visualization device for a soil freezing experiment, which is used for solving the defect of inaccurate temperature control and measurement in the soil freezing experiment in the prior art, realizing quantification of an experiment result, and simulating the supplementation of groundwater to soil water in the unsaturated soil freezing process.
The invention provides a visualization device for a soil freezing experiment, which is arranged in an incubator and comprises:
a visual shell with upper and lower openings, wherein a soil sample containing a first pigment is arranged in the visual shell;
the temperature measuring sensor penetrates through the through hole on the side wall of the visual shell and is buried in the soil sample;
the first heat conductor is arranged at the top of the visual shell, a conduit is arranged in the first heat conductor, and the conduit is used for being communicated with the cooling liquid supply device;
the second heat conductor is used for bearing the soil sample and controlling the bottom temperature of the soil sample;
the water supplementing assembly is communicated with the bottom of the soil sample and is used for simulating groundwater water supplementing;
and the light source is used for irradiating the visual shell.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment provided by the invention,
the first heat conductor is set up as T metal piece, includes:
the horizontal part is provided with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet, and the guide pipe is arranged inside the horizontal part; one end of the conduit is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet, and the other end of the conduit is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet;
and a vertical part which is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal part and is inserted into the visual shell, and the vertical part is in close contact with the soil sample.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment provided by the invention,
the second heat conductor includes:
the heat conducting block is arranged at the bottom of the visual shell;
the heat conduction columns are multiple and distributed on the top of the heat conduction block; and is located inside the visualization shell;
and the porous plate is arranged at the top of the heat conduction column and is used for bearing the soil sample.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, the guide pipe is in a zigzag shape.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment provided by the invention, the water supplementing assembly comprises:
the Margaret bottle is arranged on one side of the visual shell;
the water tank is arranged at the bottom of the porous plate and is communicated with the Margaret bottle; and the heat conduction column is positioned in the water tank.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, provided by the invention, the Margaret bottle is filled with water containing the second pigment, and the second pigment is different from the first pigment in color.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, provided by the invention, the side wall of the visualization shell is uniformly provided with the plurality of through holes, and the temperature measuring sensors are penetrated by the through holes in one-to-one correspondence and are buried in a soil sample.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, provided by the invention, the visualization shell adopts a transparent double-layer quartz glass plate for heat insulation, and can transmit ultraviolet rays and visible light.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, provided by the invention, the visualization device further comprises a camera for shooting the soil sample freezing process, and the camera is arranged on one side of the visualization shell, which is far away from the through hole.
The invention also provides a visualization method of the unsaturated soil freezing experiment, which utilizes the visualization device of the soil freezing experiment, and comprises the following steps:
arranging a soil sample containing a first pigment inside the visual shell;
the temperature measuring sensor penetrates through the side wall of the visual shell and is buried in the soil sample;
a first heat conductor is arranged at the top of the visual shell, a conduit is arranged in the first heat conductor, the conduit is connected with a cooling liquid supply device, and the soil sample is cooled through the first heat conductor;
the bottom of the visual shell is provided with a second heat conductor, and the second heat conductor is used for carrying the soil sample and controlling the bottom temperature of the soil sample;
supplementing water to the soil sample through the water supplementing assembly, and simulating groundwater water supplementing;
the visual housing is illuminated by a light source.
According to the visualization device and the method for the soil freezing experiment, provided by the invention, the temperature of the bottom of the soil sample is controlled through the incubator and the second heat conductor, and the heat exchange is relatively less in the closed container, so that the temperature control is more accurate; measuring the temperature of the soil sample by a temperature measuring sensor; the temperature at the top of the soil sample is controlled through the first heat conductor, and the temperature can be accurately controlled and monitored in real time through the cooling liquid supply device; quantification of experimental results can be achieved; meanwhile, the water supplementing assembly supplements water for the soil sample, and simulates groundwater water supplementing, so that the freezing process of unsaturated soil is simulated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a visual device for soil freezing experiments provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a visualization device for soil freeze experiments provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a visualization method of the present invention for providing an unsaturated soil freezing experiment.
Reference numerals:
1: a constant temperature box; 2: a visual housing; 3: a water replenishing assembly; 4: a soil sample; 5: a light source; 6: a first heat conductor; 61: a horizontal portion; 62: a vertical portion; 7, preparing a base material; a second heat conductor; 71: a heat conduction block; 72: a heat conducting column; 73: a porous plate; 8: a cooling liquid inlet; 9: a cooling liquid outlet; 10: a conduit; 11: a camera; 12: a temperature measurement sensor; 13: a through hole; 31: a mahalanobis bottle; 32: a water tank.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-2, and the soil freezing experiment visualization device is arranged in an incubator 1, and comprises a visualization shell 2, a first heat conductor 6, a second heat conductor 7, a water supplementing component 3 and a light source 5, wherein the incubator 1 is used for providing a constant-temperature environment for the visualization device, heat exchange is relatively less in a closed instrument, and temperature control on the bottom of a soil sample and groundwater is more accurate and is mainly used for simulating the underground temperature; visualization means that the material itself is transparent and the interior thereof can be seen from the outside thereof. The visualization case 2 has a storage capacity space inside, and can hold the soil sample 4. The visual shell 2 is a cuboid with upper and lower openings, so that the first heat conductor 6 and the second heat conductor 7 can cool the soil sample 4 conveniently, and the soil sample 4 containing the first pigment is arranged in the visual shell 2; the light source 5 is used to illuminate the visualization shell 2.
Fluorescein (C) 20 H 12 O 5 ) As a commonly used tracer for freezing processes, the freezing point of water is affected in a negligible way, and the tracer can be yellow-green under the irradiation of an ultraviolet light source. If the water in the soil sample 4 is frozen, the fluorescein is precipitated as reddish brown powder, which is invisible under ultraviolet irradiation. Thus, fluorescein (C) 20 H 12 O 5 ) The light source can be an ultraviolet and visible light switchable light source, such as iDH2000 deuterium-halogen two-in-one light source.
As shown in fig. 1, the first heat conductor 6 is provided on the top of the visual housing 2, and the freezing process of the soil sample (freezing from the soil surface layer to the depth of the soil in the actual soil freezing) is simulated by cooling the first heat conductor 6. The first heat conductor 6 is arranged at the top of the visual shell 2, a conduit 10 is arranged in the first heat conductor 6, the conduit 10 is used for being communicated with an external cooling liquid supply device, and the first heat conductor 6 stretches into the visual shell 2 to be in close contact with the top of the soil sample 4. The arrangement of the guide pipe 10 can better transfer temperature while isolating the cooling liquid supply device from the soil sample 4 to avoid contact, and the temperature of the cooling liquid supply device can be accurately controlled and monitored in real time. The water supplementing component 3 is communicated with the bottom of the soil sample 4 and is used for supplementing the unsaturated soil with groundwater.
The second heat conductor 7 is used for bearing the soil sample and controlling the temperature of the bottom of the soil sample and the groundwater; the water supplementing assembly 3 is communicated with a water tank at the bottom of the soil sample 4 and is used for simulating groundwater water supplementing; the light source 5 is used for illuminating the visualization shell.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the bottom of a soil sample is controlled through the incubator 1 and the second heat conductor 7, and in a closed container, heat exchange is relatively less, and temperature control is more accurate; the temperature at the top of the soil sample is controlled through the first heat conductor 6, and the temperature can be accurately controlled and monitored in real time through the cooling liquid supply device; in addition, the temperature measuring sensors 12 uniformly distributed in the soil sample 4 can realize quantification of experimental results; meanwhile, the water supplementing assembly 3 supplements water for the soil sample, and simulates groundwater to supplement water, so that the freezing process of the unsaturated soil is simulated.
Specifically, the first heat conductor 6 may be a metal block with good T-shape heat conduction performance and corrosion resistance, such as stainless steel, where the T-shape metal block includes a horizontal portion 61 and a vertical portion 62, the horizontal portion 61 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet 8 and a cooling liquid outlet 9, and a conduit 10 is provided therein; one end of the conduit 10 is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet 8, and the other end is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet 9; the vertical part 62 is provided at the bottom of the horizontal part 61 and inserted into the inside of the visualization housing 2, and the vertical part 62 is in close contact with the soil sample 4; cooling of the soil sample 4 is achieved. The coolant supply means may be an external means for supplying the circulating coolant into the conduit 10.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, provided by the invention, the first heat conductor is used as an intermediary for transferring temperature, the temperature of the circulating and accurately temperature-controlled cooling liquid is rapidly transferred to the top of the soil sample 4, the top of the soil sample 4 is cooled, the temperature transfer is effectively carried out, the temperature can be better controlled while the cooling liquid supply device is isolated from the soil sample 4 for contact, and the temperature of the cooling liquid can be accurately controlled and monitored in real time.
In an embodiment of the invention, the second heat conductor 7 comprises: a heat conduction block 71, a heat conduction column 72, and a porous plate 73; the heat conduction block 71 is arranged at the bottom of the visual housing 2; the heat conduction columns 72 are multiple, and the heat conduction columns 72 are distributed on the top of the heat conduction block 71; and is located inside the visualization housing 2; the perforated plate 73 is arranged at the top of the heat conducting column 72 and at the bottom of the soil sample 4, and the perforated plate 73 is used for bearing the soil sample 4.
The heat conducting block 71, the heat conducting column 72 and the porous plate 73 may be made of metal material with good heat conducting performance and corrosion resistance, such as stainless steel. The porous plate 73 is used for supporting the soil sample and also comprises a filter piece which is paved on one side of the porous plate 73 close to the soil sample 4, wherein the filter piece can be filter paper, and the pore diameter of the filter paper is smaller than the particle diameter of the soil sample 4 so as to prevent the soil sample 4 from falling into the water tank; i.e. the porous plate 73 and the filter element liquid can pass freely, and the soil sample particles cannot pass.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the conduit 10 disposed inside the first heat conductor 6 is in a meandering shape, so that the contact area between the second heat conductor 6 and the cooling liquid can be increased, the temperature can be better controlled, and a better cooling effect can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the water replenishing assembly 3 includes a mahalanobis bottle 31 and a water tank 32, the mahalanobis bottle 31 is disposed on one side of the visual housing 2, and the mahalanobis bottle 31 is used for keeping the water level in the soil sample 4 constant during the water replenishing process and simulating groundwater with a certain burial depth; moisture containing a second pigment, which is different in color from the first pigment, is contained in the mahalanobis bottle 31; here, the second pigment may be moisture containing methylene blue (the solution is blue under irradiation of visible light, and does not develop color after being frozen); the water tank 32 is arranged at the bottom of the porous plate 73, and the water tank 32 is communicated with the Margaret bottle 31; the heat conducting post 72 is positioned in the water tank 32; the heat conducting post 72 can control the temperature of the water in the water tank 32; meanwhile, the portion of the porous plate 73 contacting the inner wall of the visual housing 2 and the portion of the heat conducting block 71 contacting the lower end of the visual housing 2 are sealed by a sealing material, preventing leakage of soil and water. The marshi bottle 31 with methylene blue is connected into the system to simulate the groundwater with a certain burial depth, and the system is used for tracing the migration process of the groundwater in the freezing process to the freezing front.
The temperature of the first heat conductor 6 was controlled to-10 c, the temperature of the oven was 1 c, and the freezing process was started. When the light source 5 is switched to ultraviolet rays, the light can be irradiated with fluorescein (C 20 H 12 O 5 ) The water content in the original soil is distributed by tracing, namely the whole soil is uniformly yellow-green initially, after the upper frozen part is frozen, the upper frozen part is not developed, the yellow-green color of the freezing front is deepened, and the freezing front can move from top to bottom. At the same time, the water in the lower part of the soil can migrate from bottom to top, and at the same time, the Marshall bottle 31 filled with methylene blue starts to replenish water for the soil sample, the light source 5 is switched to visible light, the replenished groundwater is blue under the irradiation of the visible light, and the water containing the methylene blue is not developed after being frozen. Thus, the process of supplementing soil water by water in the original groundwater can be obtained by methylene blue tracing. The light source 5 is switched between ultraviolet and visible light, and frozen, unfrozen and unfrozen water sources can be visualized.
The water supplementing component 3 is arranged, so that the freezing process can be visualized and the water salt migration problem in the freezing process can be studied, the freezing process can be visualized through the clear contrast of color changes in different states, and meanwhile, the visualization of a freezing area, an unfrozen area and an unfrozen water source can be realized.
In an embodiment of the invention, a camera 11 is further included, the camera 11 being arranged at one side of the visualization housing 2 for taking a picture of the freezing process. One side wall of the visualization housing 2 penetrates into a plurality of temperature measuring sensors 12, such as thermocouples, capable of measuring temperature in real time. A plurality of through holes 13 may be provided in the sidewall of the visual housing 2, the temperature measuring sensors 12 may be inserted into the through holes one by one to be buried in the soil sample 4, and a gap between the wires of the temperature measuring sensors 12 and the through holes 13 may be sealed with a sealing material to prevent the soil sample 4 from leaking. Since the distance between the front and rear parallel plates of the visual housing 2 is about 5mm, it is approximately considered that the temperature measured by the temperature measuring sensor 12 can represent the temperature within a certain radius range of the soil sample of the thickness, and the temperature measured by the plurality of temperature measuring sensors 12 is interpolated, it can be considered that a temperature distribution contour map of the entire soil sample section is obtained. The purpose of providing the through-hole penetrating the temperature measuring sensor only in one side wall of the visual housing 2 is that the other side wall facilitates observation of the freezing process.
Specifically, thermocouples with the diameter of 0.0254mm and the probe length of 5mm are penetrated through dense through holes on the side wall of the visual shell 2 and buried in a soil sample, the temperature is measured by a thermocouple array method, the temperature of a plurality of thermocouples is measured, the temperature of multiple points is determined, the influence caused by interpolation is reduced, a better temperature comparison effect is achieved in the process of analyzing freezing tracing, and the distribution diagram of the frozen water and unfrozen water of the photographed soil is overlapped with the temperature contour diagram obtained by the dense thermocouples, so that quantitative analysis in the freezing process is performed.
The visual shell 2 is made of double-layer quartz glass plates, is used for heat insulation, can transmit ultraviolet rays and visible light, and is a cuboid shell which is transparent up and down. For the convenience of observation, the length and the height of the visual housing 2 can be set according to the requirement, and the internal width is about 5mm, namely, the distance between the front side plate and the rear side plate of the visual housing 2 is about 5mm, and the camera 11 is positioned at one side of the front side plate of the visual housing 2; a through hole 13 for penetrating the temperature measurement sensor 12 is located on the rear side plate of the visualization housing 2.
The soil sample 4 is mainly aimed at unsaturated soil, is also suitable for saturated soil, and has a wide application range. When used for saturated soil, the water replenishing assembly 3 does not need to replenish water, and the filter element on the side of the porous plate 73 close to the soil sample 4 should be replaced by a metal plate, so that neither liquid nor soil can pass through.
The method for visualizing the unsaturated soil freezing test provided by the invention is described below, and the method for visualizing the unsaturated soil freezing test described below and the device for visualizing the unsaturated soil freezing test described above can be referred to correspondingly.
As shown in fig. 3, another embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for visualizing a soil freezing experiment, and a device for visualizing the soil freezing experiment, comprising the steps of:
s1, arranging a soil sample 4 containing a first pigment in the visual shell 2, and simultaneously penetrating a temperature measurement sensor 12 into the visual shell 2 through a through hole 13 and burying the temperature measurement sensor in the soil sample 4;
s2, arranging a first heat conductor 6 at the top of the visual shell, arranging a conduit 10 in the first heat conductor 6, connecting the conduit 10 with a cooling liquid supply device, enabling the first heat conductor 6 to extend into the soil sample 4, and cooling the soil sample 4 through the first heat conductor 6;
s3, arranging a second heat conductor 7 at the bottom of the visual shell 2, carrying a soil sample through the second heat conductor 7 and controlling the temperature of the bottom of the soil sample;
s4, supplementing water to the soil sample 4 through the water supplementing assembly 3, and simulating groundwater water supplementing;
s5, irradiating the visual housing 2 through the light source 5.
In step S1, including monitoring the temperature of the soil sample 4, a plurality of evenly distributed through holes may be provided on the rear side plate of the visualization housing 2, and a plurality of temperature measurement sensors 12, such as thermocouples, are embedded in the soil sample 4 in a one-to-one correspondence manner to form an array distribution, perform temperature detection in real time, determine the temperatures of multiple points through the temperature measurement of a plurality of thermocouples, reduce the influence of interpolation, and provide an accurate soil sample profile temperature isotherm map during the analysis and freezing tracing process.
In step S2, the first heat conductor 6 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet 8 and a cooling liquid outlet 9, which are connected with an external circulating cooling liquid supply device, so as to realize continuous cooling of the first heat conductor 6 by the cooling liquid supply device.
The first heat conductor adopts a T-shaped metal block, the T-shaped metal block comprises a horizontal part 61 and a vertical part 62, a cooling liquid inlet 8 and a cooling liquid outlet 9 are arranged on the horizontal part 61, and a conduit 10 is arranged inside the T-shaped metal block; one end of the conduit 10 is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet 8, and the other end is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet 9; the vertical part 62 is provided at the bottom of the horizontal part 61 and inserted into the inside of the visualization housing 2, and the vertical part 62 is in close contact with the soil sample 4; cooling of the soil sample 4 is achieved. The coolant supply means may be an external means for supplying the circulating coolant into the conduit 10.
In step S3, the second heat conductor 7 includes: a heat conduction block 71, a heat conduction column 72, and a porous plate 73; the heat conduction block 71 is arranged at the bottom of the visual housing 2; the heat conduction columns 72 are provided in plurality, and the plurality of heat conduction columns 72 are distributed at the top of the heat conduction block 71 and are positioned inside the visual housing 2 for supporting the porous plate 73 while rapidly transferring heat between the heat conduction block 71 and the porous plate 73 and controlling the temperature of water in the water tank together with the heat conduction block 71 and the porous plate 73; the perforated plate 73 is arranged at the top of the heat conducting column 72 and at the bottom of the soil sample 4, and the perforated plate 73 is used for bearing the soil sample 4 and controlling the temperature of the bottom of the soil sample 4.
In step S4, the water replenishing assembly 3 includes a mahalanobis bottle 31 and a water tank 32, the mahalanobis bottle 31 is disposed at one side of the visual housing 2, and the mahalanobis bottle 31 keeps the water level in the soil sample constant during the water replenishing process; the mahalanobis bottle 31 contains water containing methylene blue (the solution turns blue under irradiation of visible light, and does not develop color after freezing); the porous plate 73 is used for supporting the soil sample and also comprises a filter piece which is paved on one side of the porous plate 73 close to the soil sample 4, wherein the filter piece can be filter paper, and the pore diameter of the filter paper is smaller than the particle diameter of the soil sample 4 so as to prevent the soil sample 4 from falling into the water tank; i.e. porous plate 73 and filter element liquid can pass freely, and soil particles cannot pass; the water tank 32 is arranged at the bottom of the porous plate 73, and the water tank 32 is communicated with the Margaret bottle 31; the marshi bottle 31 with methylene blue is connected into the system to simulate groundwater with a certain burial depth for tracing the water migration process in the freezing process.
After step S5, the visual housing 2 is photographed by the camera 11, and the photographed distribution map of the frozen water and unfrozen water in the soil is superimposed on the obtained temperature contour map by the densely distributed temperature measurement sensor 12, for example, a thermocouple, to quantitatively analyze the freezing process.
In the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the first heat conductor 6 can be controlled to be-10 ℃, the temperature of the incubator is 1 ℃, and the freezing process is started. When the light source 5 is switched to ultraviolet rays, the light can be irradiated with fluorescein (C 20 H 12 O 5 ) The water content in the original soil is distributed by tracing, namely the whole soil is uniformly yellow-green initially, after the upper frozen part is frozen, the upper frozen part is not developed, the yellow-green color of the freezing front is deepened, and the freezing front can move from top to bottom. At the same time, the water in the lower part of the soil can migrate from bottom to top, and at the same time, the mahalanobis bottle 31 filled with methylene blue starts to supplement water for the soil sample, when the light source 5 is switched to visible light, the supplemented groundwater is blue under the irradiation of the visible light, and the water containing the methylene blue does not develop color after being frozen. Thus, the process of supplementing soil water by water in the original groundwater can be obtained by methylene blue tracing. The light source 5 is switched between ultraviolet and visible light, and frozen, unfrozen and unfrozen water sources can be visualized.
Wherein, the soil sample 4 can be saline soil or non-saline soil; the groundwater in the water replenishing assembly 3 may also be saline groundwater or non-saline groundwater.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a soil freeze visualization device of experiment, sets up in the thermostated container, its characterized in that includes:
a visual shell with upper and lower openings, wherein a soil sample containing a first pigment is arranged in the visual shell; wherein the soil sample is saline soil;
the temperature measuring sensor penetrates through the side wall of the visual shell and is buried in the soil sample;
the first heat conductor is arranged at the top of the visual shell, a conduit is arranged in the first heat conductor, and the conduit is used for being communicated with the cooling liquid supply device;
the second heat conductor is used for bearing the soil sample and controlling the bottom temperature of the soil sample;
the water supplementing assembly is communicated with the bottom of the soil sample and is used for simulating groundwater water supplementing; the moisturizing subassembly includes:
the Margaret bottle is arranged on one side of the visual shell; the Margaret bottle is filled with water containing a second pigment, and the second pigment is different from the first pigment in color;
the water tank is arranged at the bottom of the porous plate and is communicated with the Margaret bottle; and the heat conduction column is positioned in the water tank;
the light source is used for irradiating the visual shell; the light source is switchable between visible and ultraviolet light; the first pigment develops color under ultraviolet irradiation; the second pigment develops color under visible light irradiation, and neither the first pigment nor the second pigment develops color after freezing;
by contrast of color change in different states, the freezing process is visualized and water salt migration in the freezing process is studied, so that the visualization of frozen areas, unfrozen areas and unfrozen water sources is realized.
2. The visualization device for soil freezing experiments of claim 1, wherein the first heat conductor is provided as a T-shaped metal block comprising:
the horizontal part is provided with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet, and the guide pipe is arranged inside the horizontal part; one end of the conduit is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet, and the other end of the conduit is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet;
and a vertical part which is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal part and is inserted into the visual shell, and the vertical part is in close contact with the soil sample.
3. The visualization device for soil freezing experiments of claim 1 or 2, wherein the second heat conductor comprises:
the heat conducting block is arranged at the bottom of the visual shell;
the heat conduction columns are multiple and distributed on the top of the heat conduction block; and is located inside the visualization shell;
and the porous plate is arranged at the top of the heat conduction column and is used for bearing the soil sample.
4. The visualization apparatus of claim 2, wherein the conduit is serpentine.
5. The soil freezing experiment visualization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the side wall of the visualization housing, and the temperature measuring sensors are penetrated by the through holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner and buried in the soil sample.
6. The soil freeze experiment visualization apparatus of claim 1, wherein the visualization housing employs a transparent double quartz glass plate for thermal insulation and is transparent to ultraviolet and visible light.
7. The apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a camera for photographing a freezing process of the soil sample, the camera being disposed at a side of the visualization housing remote from the through hole.
8. A method for visualizing a soil freezing test, characterized in that the method for visualizing a soil freezing test according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the steps of:
arranging a soil sample containing a first pigment in the visual shell, penetrating a plurality of temperature measuring sensors from the side wall of the soil sample, and burying the soil sample;
a first heat conductor is arranged at the top of the visual shell, a conduit is arranged in the first heat conductor, the conduit is connected with a cooling liquid supply device, and the soil sample is cooled through the first heat conductor;
the bottom of the visual shell is provided with a second heat conductor, and the second heat conductor is used for carrying the soil sample and controlling the bottom temperature of the soil sample;
supplementing water to the soil sample through the water supplementing assembly, and simulating groundwater water supplementing;
the visual housing is illuminated by a light source.
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