CN114563441A - Visualization device and method for soil freezing experiment - Google Patents
Visualization device and method for soil freezing experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114563441A CN114563441A CN202210152999.6A CN202210152999A CN114563441A CN 114563441 A CN114563441 A CN 114563441A CN 202210152999 A CN202210152999 A CN 202210152999A CN 114563441 A CN114563441 A CN 114563441A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 182
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002470 thermal conductor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007794 visualization technique Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 80
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 10
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 9
- GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 GNBHRKFJIUUOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
- G01N25/145—Accessories, e.g. cooling devices
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil experiment devices, and provides a visualization device and a visualization method for a soil freezing experiment, wherein the device is positioned in a constant temperature box and comprises a visualization shell provided with a soil sample of a first pigment; the temperature measuring sensor penetrates through the side wall of the visual shell and is buried in the soil sample; the first heat conductor is arranged at the top of the visual shell and internally provided with a conduit communicated with the cooling liquid supply device; the water replenishing assembly is communicated with the bottom of the soil sample; the second heat conductor is arranged at the bottom of the visual shell; and the light source is used for irradiating the visual shell. According to the visualization device and method for the soil freezing experiment, the temperature of the bottom of the soil sample is controlled through the second heat conductor, the temperature of the top of the soil sample is controlled through the first heat conductor, the temperature of the soil sample is measured through the temperature measuring sensor, and quantification of an experiment result can be achieved; meanwhile, the water replenishing assembly replenishes the soil sample and simulates the freezing process of groundwater replenishing unsaturated soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil experiment devices, in particular to a visualization device and a visualization method for a soil freezing experiment.
Background
The soil freezing means that when the temperature of the soil is reduced to be below 0 ℃ in winter in middle and high latitude areas, the moisture in the soil is frozen into ice, soil particles are fixed, and the soil is frozen into a hard state. The depth of soil freezing is related to local climatic conditions, topography, soil structure, soil humidity, surface snow thickness and straw coverage.
In the prior art, when a visual experiment is carried out on the soil freezing process, the freezing experiment is only carried out on saturated soil, and when the temperature of the saturated soil is controlled, the bottom heat conductor is directly soaked in cooling liquid. However, in the process of temperature conduction, a large temperature loss is accompanied, so that the temperature control is inaccurate, and the experimental result is difficult to quantify.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a visualization device for a soil freezing experiment, which is used for overcoming the defect of inaccurate temperature control and measurement in the soil freezing experiment in the prior art, realizing the quantification of an experiment result and simulating the supplement of underground water to soil water in the unsaturated soil freezing process.
The invention provides a visualization device for a soil freezing experiment, which is arranged in a constant temperature box and comprises:
the visual shell is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, and a soil sample containing a first pigment is arranged in the visual shell;
the temperature measuring sensor penetrates through the through hole in the side wall of the visual shell and is embedded in the soil sample;
the first heat conductor is arranged at the top of the visual shell, a conduit is arranged in the first heat conductor, and the conduit is used for being communicated with a cooling liquid supply device;
the second heat conductor is used for bearing the soil sample and controlling the bottom temperature of the soil sample;
the water replenishing assembly is communicated with the bottom of the soil sample and used for simulating groundwater water replenishing;
and the light source is used for irradiating the visual shell.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment provided by the invention,
the first heat conductor is arranged as a T-shaped metal block and comprises:
a horizontal part provided with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet and internally provided with the conduit; one end of the guide pipe is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet, and the other end of the guide pipe is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet;
and the vertical part is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal part and is inserted into the visual shell, and the vertical part is in close contact with the soil sample.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment provided by the invention,
the second heat conductor includes:
the heat conduction block is arranged at the bottom of the visual shell;
the heat conducting columns are provided with a plurality of heat conducting columns, and the plurality of heat conducting columns are distributed on the top of the heat conducting block; and is located inside the visualization housing;
and the porous plate is arranged at the top of the heat conduction column and is used for bearing the soil sample.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, the guide pipe is in a zigzag winding shape.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, the water replenishing assembly comprises:
the Mariotte bottle is arranged on one side of the visual shell;
the water tank is arranged at the bottom of the porous plate and is communicated with the March bottle; and the heat conducting column is positioned in the water tank.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, the Mariotte bottle is filled with moisture containing a second pigment, and the color of the second pigment is different from that of the first pigment.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, provided by the invention, the side wall of the visualization shell is uniformly provided with a plurality of through holes, and the temperature measurement sensors penetrate through the through holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are buried in a soil sample.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, the visualization shell adopts a transparent double-layer quartz glass plate for heat insulation and is transparent to ultraviolet rays and visible light.
The visualization device for the soil freezing experiment further comprises a camera for shooting the freezing process of the soil sample, and the camera is arranged on one side, far away from the through hole, of the visualization shell.
The invention also provides a visualization method of the unsaturated soil freezing experiment, which utilizes the visualization device of the soil freezing experiment and comprises the following steps:
arranging a soil sample containing a first pigment in the visual shell;
the temperature measuring sensor penetrates through the side wall of the visual shell and is buried in the soil sample;
arranging a first heat conductor on the top of the visual shell, arranging a guide pipe in the first heat conductor, connecting the guide pipe with a cooling liquid supply device, and cooling the soil sample through the first heat conductor;
arranging a second heat conductor at the bottom of the visual shell, carrying a soil sample through the second heat conductor and controlling the bottom temperature of the soil sample;
supplementing water to the soil sample through a water supplementing assembly, and simulating groundwater water supplement;
the visualization housing is illuminated by a light source.
According to the visualization device and method for the soil freezing experiment, the bottom temperature of the soil sample is controlled through the constant temperature box and the second heat conductor, heat exchange is relatively less in a closed container, and temperature control is more accurate; measuring the temperature of the soil sample by a temperature measuring sensor; the temperature of the top of the soil sample is controlled through the first heat conductor, and the cooling liquid supply device can be used for precise control and real-time monitoring; the quantification of the experimental result can be realized; meanwhile, the water replenishing assembly replenishes the soil sample and simulates groundwater replenishment, so that the freezing process of unsaturated soil is simulated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a visualization device for a soil freezing experiment provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a visualization device for soil freezing experiments provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a visualization method for unsaturated soil freezing experiments provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a thermostat; 2: a visualization housing; 3: a water replenishing assembly; 4: soil sampling; 5: a light source; 6: a first heat conductor; 61: a horizontal portion; 62: a vertical portion; 7; a second heat conductor; 71: a heat conducting block; 72: a heat-conducting column; 73: a perforated plate; 8: a coolant inlet; 9: a coolant outlet; 10: a conduit; 11: a camera; 12: a temperature measuring sensor; 13: a through hole; 31: a March bottle; 32: a water tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The visualization device for the soil freezing experiment is described below with reference to fig. 1-2, and is arranged in a thermostat 1, and comprises a visualization shell 2, a first heat conductor 6, a second heat conductor 7, a water replenishing assembly 3 and a light source 5, wherein the thermostat 1 is used for providing a constant temperature environment for the visualization device, and in a closed instrument, the heat exchange is relatively less, the temperature control on the bottom of a soil sample and the temperature of underground water is more accurate, and the visualization device is mainly used for simulating the underground temperature; visualization means that the material itself is transparent, and the inside of the material can be observed from the outside. And the visual shell 2 is a space with a storage capacity inside and can contain the soil sample 4. The visual shell 2 is a cuboid with an upper opening and a lower opening, so that the first heat conductor 6 and the second heat conductor 7 can cool the soil sample 4 conveniently, and the soil sample 4 containing the first pigment is arranged inside the visual shell 2; the light source 5 is used for illuminating the visualization housing 2.
Fluorescein (C)20H12O5) As a common freezing process tracer, the influence on the freezing point of water can be ignored, and the tracer can be in a yellow-green color under the irradiation of an ultraviolet light source. If the water in the soil sample 4 is frozen, fluorescein precipitates as a reddish brown powder and is invisible under ultraviolet irradiation. Therefore, fluorescein (C) can be used as the pigment in the soil sample20H12O5) The light source may be a light source switchable between ultraviolet light and visible light, such as iDH2000 deuterium-halogen two-in-one light source.
As shown in fig. 1, the first heat conductor 6 is provided on the top of the visible casing 2, and the freezing process of the soil sample (freezing from the soil surface layer to the deep soil when the actual soil is frozen) is simulated by cooling the first heat conductor 6. The first heat conductor 6 is arranged at the top of the visual shell 2, the conduit 10 is arranged in the first heat conductor 6, the conduit 10 is used for being communicated with an external cooling liquid supply device, and the first heat conductor 6 extends into the visual shell 2 and is in close contact with the top of the soil sample 4. The arrangement of the guide pipe 10 can better transmit the temperature while isolating the cooling liquid supply device from the soil sample 4, and the temperature of the cooling liquid supply device can be accurately controlled and monitored in real time. And the water replenishing assembly 3 is communicated with the bottom of the soil sample 4 and is used for replenishing groundwater to the unsaturated soil.
The second heat conductor 7 is used for bearing a soil sample and controlling the temperature of the bottom of the soil sample and underground water; the water replenishing assembly 3 is communicated with a water tank at the bottom of the soil sample 4 and is used for simulating groundwater replenishment; the light source 5 is used to illuminate the visualization housing.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the bottom of the soil sample is controlled through the constant temperature box 1 and the second heat conductor 7, so that in a closed container, the heat exchange is relatively less, and the temperature control is more accurate; the temperature of the top of the soil sample is controlled through the first heat conductor 6, and accurate control and real-time monitoring can be performed through the cooling liquid supply device; in addition, the temperature measuring sensors 12 uniformly and densely distributed in the soil sample 4 can realize the quantification of the experimental result; meanwhile, the water replenishing assembly 3 replenishes the soil sample and simulates groundwater replenishment, so that the freezing process of unsaturated soil is simulated.
Specifically, the first heat conductor 6 may be a T-shaped metal block with good heat conductivity and corrosion resistance, such as stainless steel, the T-shaped metal block includes a horizontal portion 61 and a vertical portion 62, the horizontal portion 61 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet 8 and a cooling liquid outlet 9, and a conduit 10 is arranged inside the horizontal portion 61; one end of the conduit 10 is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet 8, and the other end is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet 9; the vertical part 62 is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal part 61 and inserted into the visual housing 2, and the vertical part 62 is in close contact with the soil sample 4; cooling of the soil sample 4 is achieved. The coolant supply means may be an external device for supplying a circulating coolant into the conduit 10.
According to the visualization device for the soil freezing experiment, the first heat conductor is used as a temperature transmission medium, the temperature of the circularly introduced cooling liquid with accurate temperature control is rapidly transmitted to the top of the soil sample 4, the top of the soil sample 4 is cooled, the temperature transmission is effectively carried out, the cooling liquid supply device is isolated from the soil sample 4 to be in contact with the soil sample, the temperature can be better controlled, and the temperature of the cooling liquid can be accurately controlled and monitored in real time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second heat conductor 7 includes: a heat-conducting block 71, a heat-conducting column 72, and a porous plate 73; the heat conducting block 71 is arranged at the bottom of the visual shell 2; the heat conduction columns 72 are multiple, and the multiple heat conduction columns 72 are distributed at the top of the heat conduction block 71; and inside the visualization housing 2; the porous plate 73 is arranged at the top of the heat conducting column 72 and at the bottom of the soil sample 4, and the porous plate 73 is used for bearing the soil sample 4.
The heat-conducting block 71, the heat-conducting column 72, and the porous plate 73 may be made of a metal material with good heat-conducting property and corrosion resistance, such as stainless steel. The porous plate 73 is used for supporting the soil sample, and also comprises a filter element paved on one side of the porous plate 73 close to the soil sample 4, wherein the filter element can be filter paper, and the aperture of the filter paper is smaller than the particle size of the soil sample 4 so as to prevent the soil sample 4 from falling into the water tank; i.e., the porous plate 73 and the filter fluid are free to pass through, but the soil-like particles are not.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the conduit 10 disposed inside the first heat conductor 6 is zigzag, so as to increase the contact area between the second heat conductor 6 and the cooling liquid, better control the temperature, and achieve better cooling effect.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the water replenishing assembly 3 includes a mahalanobis bottle 31 and a water tank 32, the mahalanobis bottle 31 is disposed at one side of the visual housing 2, and the mahalanobis bottle 31 is used for keeping the water level in the soil sample 4 constant during the water replenishing process, so as to simulate groundwater with a certain buried depth; moisture contained in the ma bottle 31 and containing a second coloring material different in color from the first coloring material; here, the second pigment may be water containing methylene blue (the solution is blue under visible light irradiation and does not develop color after being frozen); the water tank 32 is arranged at the bottom of the perforated plate 73, and the water tank 32 is communicated with the Mariotte bottle 31; the heat-conducting column 72 is positioned in the water tank 32; the heat-conducting post 72 can control the temperature of the water in the water tank 32; meanwhile, the contact part of the porous plate 73 and the inner wall of the visual shell 2 and the contact part of the heat conduction block 71 and the lower end of the visual shell 2 are sealed by sealing materials, so that soil leakage and water leakage are prevented. And (3) the Mariotte bottle 31 filled with methylene blue is connected into the system to simulate the underground water with a certain buried depth and is used for tracing the migration process of the underground water to the freezing front in the freezing process.
The temperature of the first heat conductor 6 is controlled to-10 ℃, the temperature of the thermostat is controlled to 1 ℃, and the freezing process is started. When the light source 5 is switched to ultraviolet light, under the irradiation of the ultraviolet light, fluorescein (C) may be used20H12O5) Tracing to obtain the distribution of water contained in the original soil, i.e. the whole soil is uniformly yellow-green at the beginning, after the freezing is started, the upper frozen part is not colored, the yellow-green color of the freezing frontal surface is deepened, and the freezing frontal surface isWill move from top to bottom. Meanwhile, the water in the lower part of the soil can migrate from bottom to top, meanwhile, the Ma bottle 31 filled with the methylene blue starts to replenish water for the soil sample, the light source 5 is switched to visible light, the replenished underground water is blue under the irradiation of the visible light, and the water containing the methylene blue is not colored after being frozen. Therefore, the process of supplementing the soil water with the water in the original groundwater can be obtained by tracing with methylene blue. The light source 5 is switched between ultraviolet and visible light, and the frozen area, the unfrozen area and the unfrozen water source can be visualized.
The water replenishing assembly 3 can visualize the freezing process and research the water and salt migration problem in the freezing process, visualize the freezing process through the bright contrast of color change in different states, and realize the visualization of the freezing zone, the unfrozen zone and the unfrozen water source.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a camera 11 is further included, and the camera 11 is disposed at one side of the visualization housing 2 and is used for shooting the freezing process. One side wall of the visualization housing 2 penetrates a plurality of temperature measuring sensors 12, such as thermocouples, capable of measuring the temperature in real time. A plurality of through holes 13 may be formed in the side wall of the visual housing 2, the temperature measurement sensors 12 may be inserted into the through holes one by one and embedded in the soil sample 4, and the gap between the lead of the temperature measurement sensor 12 and the through holes 13 may be sealed with a sealing material to prevent the soil sample 4 from leaking. Because the distance between the front parallel plate and the rear parallel plate of the visual shell 2 is about 5mm, the temperature measured by the temperature measuring sensors 12 can be approximately considered to represent the temperature of the soil sample with the thickness within a certain radius range, and the temperature distribution contour map of the whole soil sample section can be considered to be obtained by interpolating the temperatures measured by the plurality of temperature measuring sensors 12. It should be noted that the purpose of providing a through-hole in only one side wall of the visualization housing 2 for the penetration of the temperature measuring sensor is to facilitate the observation of the freezing process in the other side wall.
Specifically, thermocouples with the diameter of 0.0254mm and the length of a probe of 5mm are penetrated through holes densely distributed on the side wall of the visual shell 2 and are buried in a soil sample, the temperature is measured by a thermocouple array method, the temperature of multiple points is determined by measuring the temperature of a plurality of thermocouples, the influence caused by interpolation is reduced, a better temperature comparison effect is achieved in the process of analyzing, freezing and tracing, the distribution diagrams of the frozen water and the unfrozen water of the soil obtained by shooting are superposed with the temperature contour diagrams obtained by the densely distributed thermocouples, and quantitative analysis in the freezing process is carried out.
The visual shell 2 is made of double-layer quartz glass plates, is used for heat insulation, can be permeated by ultraviolet rays and visible light, and is a cuboid shell which is transparent up and down. For the convenience of observation, the length and the height of the visualization shell 2 can be set according to the requirement, and the internal width is about 5mm, that is, the distance between the front side plate and the rear side plate of the visualization shell 2 is about 5mm, and the camera 11 is located on one side of the front side plate of the visualization shell 2; a through-hole 13 for penetrating the temperature measuring sensor 12 is located on the rear side plate of the visualization housing 2.
The soil sample 4 is mainly used for unsaturated soil and is also suitable for saturated soil, and the application range is wide. When the soil is saturated, the water replenishing assembly 3 does not need to replenish water, and the filter on the side of the porous plate 73 close to the soil sample 4 is replaced by a metal plate, so that liquid and soil cannot pass through.
The following describes a visualization method of the unsaturated soil freezing experiment provided by the present invention, and the visualization method of the unsaturated soil freezing experiment described below and the visualization device of the soil freezing experiment described above can be referred to correspondingly.
As shown in fig. 3, another embodiment of the present invention discloses a visualization method for a soil freezing experiment, and the visualization device for a soil freezing experiment includes the following steps:
s1, arranging a soil sample 4 containing a first pigment in the visual shell 2, and simultaneously penetrating the temperature measuring sensor 12 into the visual shell 2 through the through hole 13 and embedding the temperature measuring sensor in the soil sample 4;
s2, arranging a first heat conductor 6 on the top of the visual shell, arranging a guide pipe 10 in the first heat conductor 6, connecting the guide pipe 10 with a cooling liquid supply device, extending the first heat conductor 6 into the soil sample 4, and cooling the soil sample 4 through the first heat conductor 6;
s3, arranging a second heat conductor 7 at the bottom of the visual shell 2, carrying the soil sample through the second heat conductor 7 and controlling the temperature of the bottom of the soil sample;
s4, supplementing water to the soil sample 4 through the water supplementing assembly 3, and simulating groundwater water supplement;
s5, the visualization housing 2 is irradiated with the light source 5.
In step S1, the temperature of the soil sample 4 is monitored, a plurality of uniformly distributed through holes may be formed in the rear side plate of the visual housing 2, a plurality of temperature measuring sensors 12, such as thermocouples, are inserted into the soil sample 4 in a one-to-one correspondence to form an array distribution, the temperature is detected in real time, the temperature of multiple points is determined by measuring the temperature of a plurality of thermocouples, the influence of interpolation is reduced, and an accurate soil sample profile temperature isotherm graph is provided when the freezing tracing process is analyzed.
In step S2, the first heat conducting body 6 is provided with a coolant inlet 8 and a coolant outlet 9, which are connected to an external circulating coolant supply device, so as to continuously cool the first heat conducting body 6 by the coolant supply device.
Moreover, the first heat conductor adopts a T-shaped metal block, the T-shaped metal block comprises a horizontal part 61 and a vertical part 62, the horizontal part 61 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet 8 and a cooling liquid outlet 9, and a guide pipe 10 is arranged inside the horizontal part 61; one end of the conduit 10 is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet 8, and the other end is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet 9; the vertical part 62 is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal part 61 and inserted into the visual housing 2, and the vertical part 62 is in close contact with the soil sample 4; cooling of the soil sample 4 was effected. The coolant supply means may be an external device for supplying a circulating coolant into the conduit 10.
In step S3, the second heat conductor 7 includes: a heat-conducting block 71, a heat-conducting column 72, and a porous plate 73; the heat conduction block 71 is arranged at the bottom of the visual shell 2; the heat conducting columns 72 are multiple, and the multiple heat conducting columns 72 are distributed on the top of the heat conducting block 71 and are positioned inside the visual shell 2, are used for supporting the porous plate 73, simultaneously quickly transferring heat between the heat conducting block 71 and the porous plate 73, and control the temperature of water in the water tank together with the heat conducting block 71 and the porous plate 73; the porous plate 73 is arranged at the top of the heat conducting column 72 and at the bottom of the soil sample 4, and the porous plate 73 is used for bearing the soil sample 4 and controlling the temperature at the bottom of the soil sample 4.
In step S4, the water replenishing assembly 3 comprises a mahalanobis bottle 31 and a water tank 32, the mahalanobis bottle 31 is disposed on one side of the visual housing 2, and the mahalanobis bottle 31 keeps the water level in the soil sample constant during the water replenishing process; a Mayer flask 31 is filled with water containing methylene blue (the solution is blue under the irradiation of visible light, and does not develop color after being frozen); the porous plate 73 is used for supporting the soil sample, and also comprises a filter element paved on one side of the porous plate 73 close to the soil sample 4, wherein the filter element can be filter paper, and the aperture of the filter paper is smaller than the particle size of the soil sample 4 so as to prevent the soil sample 4 from falling into the water tank; that is, the porous plate 73 and the filter liquid can pass freely, but the soil particles cannot pass; the water tank 32 is arranged at the bottom of the perforated plate 73, and the water tank 32 is communicated with the Mariotte bottle 31; and (3) accessing the system by using a Ma bottle 31 filled with methylene blue to simulate underground water with a certain burial depth, and using the system for tracing the water migration process in the freezing process.
After step S5, the visual casing 2 is photographed by the camera 11, and the obtained profiles of the frozen water and unfrozen water in the soil are photographed and superimposed on the temperature contour map obtained by the densely arranged temperature measuring sensors 12, such as thermocouples, to perform quantitative analysis of the freezing process.
In an embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the first heat conductor 6 may be controlled to be-10 deg.C and the temperature of the incubator to be 1 deg.C, and the freezing process starts. When the light source 5 is switched to ultraviolet light, under the irradiation of the ultraviolet light, fluorescein (C) may be used20H12O5) Tracing to obtain the distribution of the moisture contained in the original soil, namely, the whole soil is uniformly yellow-green initially, after the freezing is started, the upper frozen part does not develop color, the yellow-green color of the freezing frontal surface is deepened, and the freezing frontal surface can move from top to bottom. Meanwhile, the water in the lower part of the soil can migrate from bottom to top, meanwhile, the Ma bottle 31 filled with the methylene blue starts to supplement water for the soil sample, when the light source 5 is switched to be visible light, the supplemented underground water is blue under the irradiation of the visible light, and the water containing the methylene blue does not develop color after being frozen. Thus, the water in the original underground water can be obtained by tracing methylene blueAnd (5) separately supplementing soil water. The light source 5 is switched between ultraviolet and visible light, and the frozen area, the unfrozen area and the unfrozen water source can be visualized.
Wherein, the soil sample 4 can be saline soil and can be non-saline soil; the groundwater in the refill assembly 3 may also be saline groundwater or non-saline groundwater.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a visual device of soil freezing experiment sets up in the thermostated container, its characterized in that includes:
the visual shell is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, and a soil sample containing a first pigment is arranged in the visual shell;
the temperature measuring sensor penetrates through the side wall of the visual shell and is buried in the soil sample;
the first heat conductor is arranged at the top of the visual shell, a conduit is arranged in the first heat conductor, and the conduit is used for being communicated with a cooling liquid supply device;
the second heat conductor is used for bearing the soil sample and controlling the bottom temperature of the soil sample;
the water replenishing assembly is communicated with the bottom of the soil sample and used for simulating groundwater water replenishing;
and the light source is used for irradiating the visual shell.
2. The visualization device for soil freezing experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first heat conductor is provided as a T-shaped metal block, comprising:
a horizontal part provided with a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet and internally provided with the conduit; one end of the conduit is communicated with the cooling liquid inlet, and the other end of the conduit is communicated with the cooling liquid outlet;
and the vertical part is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal part and is inserted into the visual shell, and the vertical part is in close contact with the soil sample.
3. Visualization device of the soil freezing experiment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said second thermal conductor comprises:
the heat conduction block is arranged at the bottom of the visual shell;
the heat conducting columns are provided with a plurality of heat conducting columns, and the plurality of heat conducting columns are distributed on the top of the heat conducting block; and is located inside the visualization housing;
and the porous plate is arranged at the top of the heat conduction column and is used for bearing the soil sample.
4. A visualization device for soil freezing experiments as claimed in claim 3 wherein said conduit is tortuous and meandered.
5. The soil freezing experiment visualization device according to claim 3, wherein the water replenishing assembly comprises:
the Mariotte bottle is arranged on one side of the visual shell;
the water tank is arranged at the bottom of the porous plate and is communicated with the March bottle; and the heat conducting column is positioned in the water tank.
6. The soil freezing experiment visualization device according to claim 5, wherein the Ma-Er bottle contains moisture containing a second pigment, and the second pigment has a different color from the first pigment.
7. The visualization device for the soil freezing experiment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of through holes are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the visualization shell, and the temperature measurement sensors penetrate through the through holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner and are buried in the soil sample.
8. The visualization device for the soil freezing experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the visualization shell is made of a transparent double-layer quartz glass plate for heat insulation and is transparent to ultraviolet rays and visible light.
9. The soil freezing experiment visualization device according to claim 7, further comprising a camera for shooting a freezing process of the soil sample, wherein the camera is disposed on a side of the visualization housing away from the through hole.
10. A method for visualizing a soil freezing experiment, using the apparatus for visualizing a soil freezing experiment of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
arranging a soil sample containing a first pigment in the visual shell, penetrating a plurality of temperature measuring sensors through the side wall of the visual shell, and burying the temperature measuring sensors in the soil sample;
arranging a first heat conductor on the top of the visual shell, arranging a guide pipe in the first heat conductor, connecting the guide pipe with a cooling liquid supply device, and cooling the soil sample through the first heat conductor;
arranging a second heat conductor at the bottom of the visual shell, carrying a soil sample through the second heat conductor and controlling the bottom temperature of the soil sample;
supplementing water to the soil sample through a water supplementing assembly, and simulating groundwater water supplement;
the visualization housing is illuminated by a light source.
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