CN111305592A - Composition layer structure and application thereof in renovation of old ceramic tile wall surface - Google Patents

Composition layer structure and application thereof in renovation of old ceramic tile wall surface Download PDF

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CN111305592A
CN111305592A CN202010264274.7A CN202010264274A CN111305592A CN 111305592 A CN111305592 A CN 111305592A CN 202010264274 A CN202010264274 A CN 202010264274A CN 111305592 A CN111305592 A CN 111305592A
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layer
parts
putty
emulsion
layer structure
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CN111305592B (en
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郭义兵
孙倩
张娜
王冬梅
亓恒华
白锡庆
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Tianjin Building Material Academy Co ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0296Repairing or restoring facades
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D125/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D125/02Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C09D125/04Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C09D125/08Copolymers of styrene
    • C09D125/14Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/04Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D143/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D143/04Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04Polyurethanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D191/00Coating compositions based on oils, fats or waxes; Coating compositions based on derivatives thereof
    • C09D191/06Waxes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/34Filling pastes

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition layer structure and application thereof in the renovation of old ceramic tile wall surfaces, wherein the composition layer structure comprises a bottom putty layer and a surface putty layer which are arranged from inside to outside; more preferably, the ceramic tile comprises an interfacial agent layer, a bottom putty layer, a surface putty layer, a decorative layer, a top coat and a protective layer which are arranged from inside to outside, wherein the interfacial agent layer is coated on the surface of a glazed surface of the ceramic tile; the composition layer structure has the advantages of simple and convenient construction, short period, low manufacturing cost, resource saving, excellent performance, no need of remaining seams, free selection of surface pattern textures and the like.

Description

Composition layer structure and application thereof in renovation of old ceramic tile wall surface
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building decoration material and application thereof, in particular to a composition layer structure and application thereof in renovation and reconstruction of old ceramic tile wall surfaces of indoor kitchens and toilets.
Background
The ceramic tile is an indispensable building material in decoration, and is widely applied to paving and pasting indoor floors and wall surfaces due to the characteristics of excellent water resistance, hardness, pollution resistance, easiness in cleaning, ageing resistance and the like, and is especially used as an indispensable wall surface material in decoration of kitchens and bathrooms. However, over time, tile substrates (especially glazed tiles) are susceptible to various levels of contamination, cracking, loosening, bulging, and removal of some tiles. In addition, people have more demands on color, texture and the like of tiles, and the original tiles need to be renovated.
The existing old ceramic tile wall surface renovating modes mainly comprise three modes: firstly, smashing an old ceramic tile and sticking a new ceramic tile again; secondly, new tiles are stuck on the surface of the existing old tiles. The two modes have the advantages of high construction difficulty, long construction period and high construction cost, damage to a wall structure, generation of a large amount of noise and generation of a large amount of construction waste, reduction of indoor area, and risk of brick falling in the later use process; thirdly, the coating which can be directly coated on the surface of the old ceramic tile appears in the market, but because the surface of the ceramic tile is a smooth and compact glazed layer, the coating cannot permeate, the adhesive force is poor, the coating is easy to peel off, in addition, the coating cannot cover gaps of the ceramic tile, the appearance is not attractive, the hardness of the coating is poor, the water resistance is poor, the wear resistance is poor, and the problems of the material are also solved. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new composition layer structure and its supporting material for the old tile wall surface without dismantling and smashing, which has the advantages of simple construction, low cost, resource saving, excellent performance, no need of seam retention, and freely selectable surface pattern texture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composition layer structure and application thereof in renovation of old ceramic tile wall surfaces, aiming at the related problems in the background technology, the composition layer structure has the advantages of simple construction, short period, low manufacturing cost, resource saving, excellent performance, no need of seam remaining, free selection of surface pattern textures, capability of finally forming a complete and integrated continuous surface on a plane, a curved surface or other irregular surfaces and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a composition layer structure comprises an interface agent layer, a bottom putty layer, a surface putty layer, a decorative layer, a cover layer and a protective layer which are arranged from inside to outside.
In order to improve the interface bonding effect between the composition and the glazed surface of the ceramic tile and ensure the water-resistant bonding performance of the composition layer structure, the interface agent is one or more of styrene-acrylate copolymer emulsion, organosilicon modified acrylate emulsion and pure acrylate emulsion.
In order to realize durable and firm bonding with a base layer, the base layer putty is water-based epoxy resin modified cement-based putty and comprises a component A, a component B and a component C in a weight ratio of 15-20: 60-70:
wherein the component A comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
8.5-11.5 parts of water-based epoxy curing agent and 6.5-8.5 parts of water;
wherein the component B comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
6.8-9.2 parts of water-based epoxy resin emulsion and 8.2-10.8 parts of water;
wherein the component C comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
12.5-14.5 parts of white cement, 35.6-41.5 parts of heavy calcium powder, 0.7-0.8 part of titanium dioxide, 10.5-12.5 parts of quartz sand, 0.18-0.22 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.06-0.07 part of starch ether, 0.16-0.18 part of water repellent and 0.16-0.18 part of film-forming assistant.
The aqueous epoxy curing agent is a nonionic aqueous resin or nonionic emulsion of an aliphatic polyamine, an alicyclic polyamine or a modified polyamine.
The water-based epoxy resin emulsion is non-ionic water-based epoxy resin emulsion prepared by one or more of glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester type epoxy resin and glycidyl amine type epoxy resin through a physical or chemical method.
The water repellent is one or more of organic silicon, calcium stearate or zeolite.
In order to better improve the construction performance of the bottom putty, improve the viscosity and improve the anti-sagging property, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether and starch ether are preferably used as modification components.
In order to avoid the problem of cracking caused by drying shrinkage, the film forming aid is one or two of glycol and alcohol ester dodecafilm forming aid.
In order to endow the composite layer structure with better crack resistance, waterproof performance and bearing effect on the decorative layer, the surface layer putty is emulsion modified cement-based putty and comprises a component D and a component E in a weight ratio of 75-80: 20-25:
wherein the component D comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
30-33 parts of white cement, 19-21 parts of quartz sand, 24-26 parts of heavy calcium powder, 0-0.8 part of powder pigment, 0.14-0.16 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.03-0.05 part of defoaming agent and 0.03-0.05 part of water reducing agent;
wherein the component E comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
6.7-8.3 parts of emulsion and 13.3-16.7 parts of water.
The powder pigment can be one or more of iron oxide pigment, titanium dioxide, ultramarine and carbon black.
The defoaming agent is one or more of fatty alcohol, fatty acid and salts thereof, polyethers and organic silicon, and the organic silicon defoaming agent is preferred.
The water reducing agent is one or more of powdery melamine water reducing agents, sulfamate high-efficiency water reducing agents, fatty acid high-efficiency water reducing agents and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agents, and preferably polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agents.
The emulsion is one or more of styrene-acrylic acid copolymer emulsion, butadiene-styrene copolymer emulsion, acrylate homopolymer emulsion, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion and vinyl acetate-vinyl versatate copolymer emulsion, and preferably styrene-acrylic acid copolymer emulsion.
The surface layer putty is made into colors, so that a simple and basic decorative effect can be obtained; in order to endow the composition layer with a better decorative effect, the surface layer can be preferably beautified by adopting an art coating to obtain a more colorful texture pattern, and the decorative layer is the art coating.
In order to impart more durable water repellency, abrasion resistance and scrub resistance to the composition layer structure, the overcoat layer is an aqueous polyurethane varnish layer.
In order to reduce the friction coefficient of the surface and improve the surface hydrophobicity and the surface scratch resistance, the protective layer is a water-based wax emulsion layer.
According to the composition layer structure, the interface agent at the bottom layer can provide better bonding force with a ceramic tile glaze and water resistance; the bottom putty adopts film-forming material aqueous epoxy resin and inorganic cementing material white cement, and is matched with some auxiliary agents which can increase the structural stability of the composition layer and improve the construction performance, so that the bottom putty not only can form firm bonding force with an interface agent, but also can obtain a harder and smoother surface after being polished; the surface layer putty adopts polymer emulsion modified cement-based putty, so that the composite layer structure has better crack resistance, waterproof performance and bearing effect on the decorative layer; the artistic coating is used as a decorative layer to provide rich and colorful texture patterns for the layer structure of the renovating composition; the aqueous polyurethane varnish layer can endow the layer structure of the retreading composition with more durable water resistance, wear resistance and scrub resistance; the water-based wax emulsion protective layer can obviously reduce the friction coefficient of the surface of the layer structure of the renovating composition and improve the hydrophobicity and scratch resistance of the surface.
In addition, it should be noted that if the ceramic tile is not polished, the glazed surface of the ceramic tile hardly absorbs water, and pure epoxy putty or other polymer modified putty is difficult to meet the requirement of long-term bonding in a long-term high-temperature and high-humidity environment, and is easy to have hollowing and cracking phenomena; if the surface of the ceramic tile is roughened by polishing, the bottom putty can be directly coated without using an interface agent, so that the effect of long-term adhesion can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a layer structure of the composition of the embodiment.
In the figure: 1-concrete wall surface, 2-old ceramic tile, 3-interfacial agent layer, 4-bottom putty layer, 5-surface putty layer, 6-decorative layer, 7-surface layer and 8-protective layer.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The technical solutions of the present invention are further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the equivalent substitution of each component or the adjustment of the distribution ratio of each component should be within the scope of the present invention without departing from the concept of the present invention.
First, an embodiment
Example 1
1. Materials and formulations
① the interfacial agent is self-crosslinking acrylate emulsion.
② bottom putty formula
Figure BDA0002440642000000041
③ surface putty
Figure BDA0002440642000000051
④ the decorative surface layer is made of white-like marble art paint.
⑤ aqueous polyurethane varnish overcoat.
⑥ protective layer of water-based wax emulsion.
2. Specific method of use
① the oil stain on the surface of the tile needs to be removed in advance, the area with serious defect needs to be leveled by cement mortar in advance, then the surface is brushed or rolled with an interface agent, and the tile is dried for 2h to be in a dry state;
② for the bottom putty, when in use, the component A, the component B and the component C are uniformly stirred by an electric stirrer, then a trowel is used for uniformly coating 1-2 mm on the wall surface coated with the interface agent, the wall surface is dried for 15h to be in a dry state, and then 240 is used for drying#Polishing and flattening by using abrasive paper;
③ for the surface putty, the putty is prepared by stirring component D and component E with electric mixer, coating with trowel on the wall surface coated with the bottom putty for 1mm, air drying for 24 hr to dry, and coating with 320 hr#Polishing and flattening by using abrasive paper;
④ making marble-like effect on the surface of the surface layer putty by using art paint, and airing for 24h to dry;
⑤ brushing or rolling water-based polyurethane varnish, and airing for 24h to a dry state;
⑥ brush coating or roller coating with water-based wax emulsion protective layer, and air drying for 24h to dry state.
Example 2
1. Materials and formulations
① the interfacial agent is styrene-acrylate copolymer emulsion.
② bottom putty formula
Figure BDA0002440642000000061
③ surface putty formula
Figure BDA0002440642000000062
④ the European flower series effect is made by silk-screen printing process with artistic paint.
⑤ aqueous polyurethane varnish top coat
⑥ aqueous wax emulsion protective layer
2. Specific method of use
The procedure was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
1. Materials and formulations
① bottom putty formula
Figure BDA0002440642000000071
② surface putty formula
Figure BDA0002440642000000072
③ aqueous polyurethane varnish top coat
④ aqueous wax emulsion protective layer
2. Specific method of use
① the oil stain on the surface of the ceramic tile needs to be removed in advance, the area with serious defect needs to be leveled by cement mortar in advance, then the surface of the old ceramic tile is polished by a tool, the glaze layer on the surface of the ceramic tile is removed, and the rough surface is obtained;
② for the bottom putty, when in use, the component A, the component B and the component C are uniformly stirred by an electric stirrer, then a trowel is used for uniformly coating 1-2 mm on the wall surface coated with the interface agent, the wall surface is dried for 15h to be in a dry state, and then 240 is used for drying#Polishing and flattening by using abrasive paper;
③ for the surface putty, stirring the component D and the component E uniformly by an electric mixer, then uniformly coating the wall surface coated with the bottom putty with a trowel for 1mm, then making a special decorative effect by a special tool, and airing for 24h to a dry state;
④ brushing or rolling water-based polyurethane varnish, and airing for 24h to a dry state;
⑤ brush coating or roller coating with water-based wax emulsion protective layer, and air drying for 24h to dry state.
Second, comparative example
Comparative example 1
1. Materials and formulations
① the bottom layer of the glaze of the old ceramic tile is not treated by the interfacial agent (i.e. the interfacial agent is not used) and is not polished.
② the other layers used the same materials and formulations as in example 1.
2. Specific method of use
The procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
1. Materials and formulations
① putty is directly used for renovating the glaze layer of the old ceramic tile in the prior art, wherein the common formula of one putty is as follows:
Figure BDA0002440642000000081
Figure BDA0002440642000000091
② the decorative surface layer is made of white-like marble art paint.
③ aqueous polyurethane varnish overcoat.
④ protective layer of water-based wax emulsion.
2. Specific method of use
The method is the same as example 1, wherein for the putty, when in use, the components are uniformly stirred by an electric mixer, then a trowel is used for uniformly scraping and coating 1mm on the wall surface coated with the bottom putty, the wall surface is dried for 24h, and then 320 is used#And (5) polishing and flattening by using abrasive paper.
Third, performance test
The performance indexes of the composition layer structure are evaluated by referring to a related standard method, and the results are as follows:
Figure BDA0002440642000000092
the performance index of the bottom layer putty can refer to JG/T298-:
Figure BDA0002440642000000093
Figure BDA0002440642000000101
the performance index of the surface layer putty can refer to JG/T298-:
Figure BDA0002440642000000102
the above description is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the invention shall fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A composition layer structure is characterized by comprising a bottom putty layer and a surface putty layer which are coated on the surface of a ceramic tile from inside to outside.
2. The composition layer structure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an interfacial agent layer, wherein the interfacial agent layer is located between the bottom putty layer and the glazed surface of the tile.
3. The composition layer structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein the interfacial agent of the interfacial agent layer is one or more of styrene-acrylate copolymer emulsion, silicone modified acrylate emulsion, and pure acrylate emulsion.
4. The composition layer structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a decorative layer is further disposed outside the surface layer putty layer.
5. The composition layer structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein an overcoat layer is further provided on the decorative layer, and preferably, the overcoat layer is an aqueous polyurethane varnish layer.
6. The composition layer structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein a protective layer is further provided outside the cover layer, preferably the protective layer is an aqueous wax emulsion layer.
7. The composition layer structure of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bottom putty is a water-based epoxy resin modified cement-based putty comprising the following components, by weight, 15-20: 60-70:
wherein the component A comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
8.5-11.5 parts of water-based epoxy curing agent and 6.5-8.5 parts of water;
wherein the component B comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
6.8-9.2 parts of water-based epoxy resin emulsion and 8.2-10.8 parts of water;
wherein the component C comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
12.5-14.5 parts of white cement, 35.6-41.5 parts of heavy calcium powder, 0.7-0.8 part of titanium dioxide, 10.5-12.5 parts of quartz sand, 0.18-0.22 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.06-0.07 part of starch ether, 0.16-0.18 part of water repellent and 0.16-0.18 part of film-forming assistant;
preferably, the film forming aid is one or two of ethylene glycol and alcohol ester dodecafilm forming aid.
8. The composition layer structure of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the surface layer putty is an emulsion-modified cement-based putty comprising 75-80: 20-25 parts by weight of a component D and a component E:
wherein the component D comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
30-33 parts of white cement, 19-21 parts of quartz sand, 24-26 parts of heavy calcium powder, 0-0.8 part of powder pigment, 0.14-0.16 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.03-0.05 part of defoaming agent and 0.03-0.05 part of water reducing agent;
wherein the component E comprises the following substances in parts by weight:
6.7-8.3 parts of emulsion and 13.3-16.7 parts of water;
preferably, the defoaming agent is one or more of fatty alcohol, fatty acid and salts thereof, polyethers and organic silicon;
preferably, the water reducing agent is one or more of powdery melamine water reducing agents, sulfamate high-efficiency water reducing agents, fatty acid high-efficiency water reducing agents and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agents.
9. The composition layer structure of claim 8, wherein the emulsion is one or more of styrene-acrylic copolymer emulsion, butadiene-styrene copolymer emulsion, acrylate homopolymer emulsion, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, and vinyl acetate-vinyl versatate copolymer emulsion.
10. Use of a composition layer structure according to any one of the preceding claims 1-9 for the renovation of old ceramic tile wall surfaces.
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CN203129466U (en) * 2013-01-08 2013-08-14 张立功 Refurbished wall structure
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CN206562727U (en) * 2017-03-11 2017-10-17 涂耐可艾克(上海)涂料有限公司 A kind of colored stone face decorative coveringn structure
CN107338967A (en) * 2017-06-12 2017-11-10 张新生 A kind of new technology and new material of aging blocks outdoor tile facing renewal and reform
CN108005321A (en) * 2017-12-13 2018-05-08 中冶天工集团有限公司 A kind of method that exterior wall bulk finish coat adds stone-like coating layer

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113956077A (en) * 2021-11-26 2022-01-21 佛山市东鹏陶瓷发展有限公司 Decorative ceramic tile using baking-free glaze and manufacturing process thereof
CN113956077B (en) * 2021-11-26 2023-03-10 佛山市东鹏陶瓷发展有限公司 Decorative ceramic tile using baking-free glaze and manufacturing process thereof
CN115012689A (en) * 2022-06-21 2022-09-06 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 Construction method for preventing original exterior wall facing bricks from falling off in urban updating project

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