CN111302764B - High-strength energy-saving celadon and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-strength energy-saving celadon and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111302764B
CN111302764B CN202010118349.0A CN202010118349A CN111302764B CN 111302764 B CN111302764 B CN 111302764B CN 202010118349 A CN202010118349 A CN 202010118349A CN 111302764 B CN111302764 B CN 111302764B
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celadon
temperature
saving
mixture
preparation
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CN111302764A (en
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徐晓虹
陈元彪
吴建锋
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Shaoxing Shangyu District Institute Of Technology
Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Shaoxing Shangyu District Institute Of Technology
Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Abstract

A high-strength energy-saving celadon and a preparation method thereof are prepared from celadon glaze and a green body, wherein the raw materials for preparing the green body and the proportion thereof are as follows: 45-60 wt% of the above-mentioned clay, 15-25 wt% of kaolin, 20-30 wt% of potassium feldspar, 0-10 wt% of quartz and 1-5 wt% of talcum powder; the raw materials are subjected to ball milling mixing, granulation, press forming, biscuiting and glazing, and then are fired into the celadon. The method utilizes the local clay as the main raw material to produce the ceramic body, greatly saves the production cost, has good economic benefit, and the prepared novel celadon body has excellent performance and wider firing temperature range, and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

High-strength energy-saving celadon and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic preparation, in particular to high-strength energy-saving celadon and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The celadon is known as the mother of porcelain, has long history and deep culture base, and is always the mainstream of the Chinese porcelain making history. The celadon which is one of the embodying of the material culture and the mental culture of China creates aesthetic implications of people-enduring taste with the special beauty, charm and unique form language.
Zhejiang Yu has a reputation of 'the country of the celadon', the celadon has a long history and abundant porcelain clay resources, but due to history transition and war, the inheritance of the firing process of the celadon is lost, although modern scholars and numerous enterprises in China want to reproduce the preparation process of the ancient celadon, the modern scholars and numerous enterprises in China are limited by the lack of ceramic knowledge and technology, most of the celadon blanks are prepared by adopting raw materials such as clay and the like on other places, the charm and implication of the ancient celadon are lacked, and the manufacturing cost is increased. For example, in research on icecrack-imitated celadon blanks (Zhoujia et al, Chinese ceramics 2014(3): 59-62), the Song Dynasty celadon-imitated green body is prepared by adopting Guixi porcelain stone, star kaolin, Longquan purple golden soil and quartz as raw materials, wherein the firing temperature is 1220-1240 ℃, the water absorption rate is 3.64%, the firing temperature is high, the firing range is narrow, and the water absorption rate is large; in the research on imitation and color generation mechanism of Longquan pink blue glaze (Li Ching et al ceramics journal (4):423 + 427.), the Longquan celadon blank is prepared from Sanbao porcelain stone and star kaolin, and the raw materials of clay on the other side are also adopted, so that the Longquan celadon blank cannot be prepared from local clay on Yu.
The celadon culture is carried forward, so that the production trend of the celadon is required to be industrialized, the firing temperature is reduced, the cost is reduced, the firing temperature range is widened, and the yield is improved; but also improves the strength performance of the celadon product, not only can be used as a display artwork, but also needs more daily celadon to go into thousands of households.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a high-strength energy-saving celadon and a preparation method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a high-strength energy-saving celadon is prepared from celadon glaze and a green body, wherein the green body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-60 wt% of kaolin, 15-25 wt% of kaolin, 20-30 wt% of potassium feldspar, 0-10 wt% of quartz and 1-5 wt% of talcum powder.
Preferably, the proportion of the above-mentioned corn poppy clay is 47.99-56.11 wt%.
The preparation method of the high-strength energy-saving celadon is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) ball-milling the raw materials to a certain fineness;
(2) mixing the ball-milled raw materials by using a rapid ball mill with a certain rotating speed according to the proportion to obtain a mixture, and sieving the mixture by using a 200-250-mesh sieve;
(3) adding water with the mass of 5-10 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, granulating by adopting a spray granulation method, and sealing and aging for 24-48 h at normal temperature;
(4) prepressing the aged mixture by using a hydraulic press, wherein the pressure of the hydraulic press is 30-50 kN, and pressing by using an isostatic press, and the pressure of the isostatic press is 200-220 kN to prepare a green body;
(5) removing burrs at the corners of the pressed and molded green body, and then drying the green body in an oven at a constant temperature of 90-100 ℃ for 12-24 hours;
(6) placing the dried green body into a kiln for biscuiting, wherein the biscuiting temperature is 800 ℃;
(7) applying celadon glaze on the biscuit-fired green body to form a celadon sample, and then drying in the air for 12-24 h;
(8) and putting the glazed celadon sample into a kiln for firing at 1040-1200 ℃ for 10-13 h.
Further, the fineness of the corn poppy clay in the step (1) is 325 meshes, and the fineness of the kaolin, the potash feldspar, the quartz and the talc is 200 meshes.
Further, the rotating speed of the rapid ball mill in the step (2) is 700r/min or 900 r/min.
Further, the mixture is prepared by adopting dry ball milling, a ball mill used by the method is a corundum ceramic ball mill, and the mass ratio of the ball mill to the raw materials is 2: 1.
Further, the firing temperature in the step (8) is: the temperature rise rate below 1000 ℃ is 5-10 ℃/min, the temperature is preserved for 20-30 min every 100 ℃, the temperature rise rate above 1000 ℃ is 3-5 ℃/min, the temperature is preserved for 30-60 min every 100 ℃, and the temperature is preserved for 15-30 min after the highest firing temperature is reached.
Has the advantages that:
the method utilizes the local clay of the Shangyu province as the main raw material to produce the ceramic body, provides sufficient and stable raw material sources for the Shangyu China-making industry, greatly saves the production cost, has good economic benefit, and the prepared novel celadon body has excellent performance and wider firing temperature range and is suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific examples:
a high-strength energy-saving celadon is prepared from celadon glaze and a green body, wherein the green body is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-60 wt% of kaolin, 15-25 wt% of kaolin, 20-30 wt% of potassium feldspar, 0-10 wt% of quartz and 1-5 wt% of talcum powder.
Preferably, the proportion of the above-mentioned corn poppy clay is 47.99-56.11 wt%.
Example 1:
a preparation method of high-strength energy-saving celadon comprises the following raw materials for preparing the green body: 56.11 percent of cornstarch clay, 18.76 percent of kaolin, 21.37 percent of potassium feldspar, 2.76 percent of quartz and 1 percent of talcum powder; the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material treatment: ball-milling the Shangyu clay, the kaolin, the potash feldspar, the quartz and the talcum powder with certain fineness; the fineness of the corn poppy clay is 325 meshes, and the fineness of the raw materials of kaolin, potassium feldspar, quartz and talcum powder is 200 meshes.
(2) Mixing raw materials: mixing the raw materials according to the proportion, ball-milling for 30min by using a rapid ball mill to obtain a mixture, and sieving the mixture by using a 250-mesh sieve; the rotating speed of the rapid ball mill is 700r/min or 900r/min, the mixture is prepared by dry ball milling, a ball mill used in the method is a corundum ceramic ball mill, and the mass ratio of the ball mill to the raw materials is 2: 1.
(3) And (3) granulation: and adding water with the mass being 5-10 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, granulating by adopting a spray granulation method, and sealing and ageing for 24 hours at normal temperature.
(4) Molding: and pre-pressing the aged mixture by using a hydraulic press, wherein the pressure of the hydraulic press is 40kN, and then pressing by using an isostatic press, wherein the pressure of the isostatic press is 200kN to obtain a green celadon.
(5) Fettling and drying: removing burrs at the corners of the pressed and molded green bodies by using a cutter; then the mixture is put into an oven to be dried for 12 hours at the constant temperature of 100 ℃.
(6) Biscuit firing: and (3) placing the dried green celadon blank body into a kiln for biscuiting, wherein the biscuiting temperature is 800 ℃.
(7) Glazing: the purchased commercial celadon glaze was applied on the bisque-fired green body and then dried in air for 12 h.
(8) And (3) firing: and putting the glazed celadon sample into a kiln for firing at 1180 ℃ for 12h and 50 min. The firing temperature is as follows: the heating rate below 1000 ℃ is 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30min every 100 ℃, the heating rate above 1000 ℃ is 3 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 60min every 100 ℃, and the sintering temperature at 1180 ℃ is kept for 120 min.
The celadon prepared in the embodiment has the flexural strength of 96.31MPa, the water absorption of 0.03 percent and the volume density of 2.50 g-cm through testing -3 And the performance is excellent.
Example 2:
a preparation method of high-strength energy-saving celadon comprises the following raw materials for preparing the green body: 55.76wt% of cornstarch clay, 20.44wt% of kaolin, 22.30wt% of potassium feldspar and 1.5 wt% of talcum powder; the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material treatment: ball-milling the corn poppy clay, kaolin, potash feldspar and talcum powder with certain fineness; the fineness of the corn poppy clay is 325 meshes, and the fineness of the raw materials of kaolin, potassium feldspar and talcum powder is 200 meshes.
(2) Mixing raw materials: mixing the raw materials according to the proportion, ball-milling for 30min by using a rapid ball mill to obtain a mixture, and sieving the mixture by using a 250-mesh sieve; the rotating speed of the rapid ball mill is 700r/min or 900r/min, the mixture is prepared by dry ball milling, a ball mill used in the method is a corundum ceramic ball mill, and the mass ratio of the ball mill to the raw materials is 2: 1.
(3) And (3) granulation: and adding water with the mass of 5-10 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, granulating by adopting a spray granulation method, and sealing and aging for 24 hours at normal temperature.
(4) Molding: and pre-pressing the aged mixture by using a hydraulic press, wherein the pressure of the hydraulic press is 40kN, and then pressing by using an isostatic press, wherein the pressure of the isostatic press is 200kN to obtain a green celadon.
(5) Fettling and drying: removing burrs at the corners of the pressed and molded green bodies by using a cutter; then the mixture is put into an oven to be dried for 12 hours at the constant temperature of 100 ℃.
(6) Biscuit firing: and (3) placing the dried green celadon blank body into a kiln for biscuiting, wherein the biscuiting temperature is 800 ℃.
(7) Glazing: the purchased commercial celadon glaze was applied on the bisque-fired green body and then dried in air for 12 h.
(8) And (3) firing: and putting the glazed celadon sample into a kiln for firing at 1160 ℃, wherein the firing time is about 12h and 40 min. The firing temperature is as follows: the heating rate below 1000 ℃ is 5 ℃/min, the temperature is preserved for 30min every 100 ℃, the heating rate above 1000 ℃ is 3 ℃/min, the temperature is preserved for 60min every 100 ℃, and the temperature is preserved for 120min at the sintering temperature of 1160 ℃.
The test proves that the celadon prepared by the embodiment has the advantages of breaking strength of 84.78MPa, water absorption of 0.06 percent and volume density of 2.47g cm -3 High performanceIs good.
Example 3:
a preparation method of high-strength energy-saving celadon comprises the following raw materials for preparing a green body: 47.99wt% of cornstarch clay, 24.65wt% of kaolin, 24.68wt% of potassium feldspar, 1.48wt% of quartz powder and 1.2 wt% of talcum powder; the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material treatment: ball-milling the corn poppy clay, kaolin, potash feldspar and talcum powder with certain fineness; the fineness of the corn poppy clay is 325 meshes, and the fineness of the raw materials of kaolin, potassium feldspar and talcum powder is 200 meshes.
(2) Mixing raw materials: mixing the raw materials according to the proportion, ball-milling for 30min by using a rapid ball mill to obtain a mixture, and sieving the mixture by using a 250-mesh sieve; the rotating speed of the rapid ball mill is 700r/min or 900r/min, the mixture is prepared by dry ball milling, a ball mill used in the method is a corundum ceramic ball mill, and the mass ratio of the ball mill to the raw materials is 2: 1.
(3) And (3) granulation: and adding water with the mass of 5-10 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, granulating by adopting a spray granulation method, and sealing and aging for 24 hours at normal temperature.
(4) Molding: and pre-pressing the aged mixture by using a hydraulic press, wherein the pressure of the hydraulic press is 40kN, and then pressing by using an isostatic press, wherein the pressure of the isostatic press is 200kN to obtain a green celadon.
(5) Fettling and drying: removing burrs at the corners of the pressed and molded green bodies by using a cutter; then the mixture is put into an oven to be dried for 24 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃.
(6) Biscuit firing: and (3) placing the dried green celadon blank body into a kiln for biscuiting, wherein the biscuiting temperature is 800 ℃.
(7) Glazing: the purchased commercial celadon glaze is applied on the biscuit-fired green body and then placed in the air for drying for 12 h.
(8) And (3) firing: and putting the glazed celadon sample into a kiln for firing at 1140 ℃, wherein the firing time is about 12h and 30 min. The firing temperature is as follows: the heating rate below 1000 ℃ is 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30min every 100 ℃, the heating rate above 1000 ℃ is 3 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 60min every 100 ℃, and the sintering temperature at 1140 ℃ is kept for 120 min.
The celadon prepared in the embodiment has the flexural strength of 63.67MPa, the water absorption of 0.02 percent and the volume density of 2.50 g-cm through testing -3 And the performance is excellent.
Example 4:
a preparation method of high-strength energy-saving celadon comprises the following raw materials for preparing the green body: 47.99wt% of cornstarch clay, 24.65wt% of kaolin, 24.68wt% of potassium feldspar, 1.48wt% of quartz powder and 1.2 wt% of talcum powder; the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material treatment: ball-milling the corn poppy clay, kaolin, potash feldspar and talcum powder with certain fineness; the fineness of the corn poppy clay is 325 meshes, and the fineness of the raw materials of kaolin, potassium feldspar and talcum powder is 200 meshes.
(2) Mixing raw materials: mixing the raw materials according to the proportion, ball-milling for 30min by using a rapid ball mill to obtain a mixture, and sieving the mixture by using a 250-mesh sieve; the rotating speed of the rapid ball mill is 700r/min or 900r/min, the mixture is prepared by dry ball milling, a ball mill used in the method is a corundum ceramic ball mill, and the mass ratio of the ball mill to the raw materials is 2: 1.
(3) And (3) granulation: and adding water with the mass of 5-10 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, granulating by adopting a spray granulation method, and sealing and aging for 24 hours at normal temperature.
(4) Molding: and pre-pressing the aged mixture by using a hydraulic press, wherein the pressure of the hydraulic press is 40kN, and then pressing by using an isostatic press, wherein the pressure of the isostatic press is 200kN to obtain a green celadon.
(5) Fettling and drying: removing burrs at the corners of the pressed and molded green bodies by using a cutter; then the mixture is put into an oven to be dried for 24 hours at the constant temperature of 90 ℃.
(6) Biscuit firing: and (3) placing the dried green celadon blank body into a kiln for biscuiting, wherein the biscuiting temperature is 800 ℃.
(7) Glazing: the purchased commercial celadon glaze is applied on the biscuit-fired green body and then placed in the air for drying for 12 h.
(8) And (3) firing: and putting the glazed celadon sample into a kiln for firing at 1180 ℃ for 12h and 30 min. The firing temperature is as follows: the heating rate below 1000 ℃ is 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30min every 100 ℃, the heating rate above 1000 ℃ is 3 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 60min every 100 ℃, and the sintering temperature at 1180 ℃ is kept for 120 min.
The test proves that the celadon prepared by the embodiment has the advantages of breaking strength of 69.68MPa, water absorption of 0.10 percent and volume density of 2.48g cm -3 And the performance is excellent.
Tests prove that the prepared high-strength energy-saving celadon has the breaking strength of 64-96 MPa, the water absorption of 0.01-0.48% and the volume density of 2.45-2.50 g.cm -3 The thermal shock resistance is not cracked after being put into water with the temperature of 20 ℃ for heat exchange for 3 times from 160 ℃, and the thermal shock resistance meets the requirements of the national standards for domestic porcelain GB/T5001-2018 and the national standards for domestic celadon GB/T10813.1-2015 for the domestic celadon, and has excellent performance.

Claims (7)

1. The high-strength energy-saving celadon is prepared from celadon glaze and green bodies, and is characterized in that the green bodies are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-60 wt% of cornstarch clay, 15-25 wt% of kaolin, 20-30 wt% of potassium feldspar, 0-10 wt% of quartz and 1-5 wt% of talcum powder, wherein the firing temperature of the celadon is 1160 ℃, the flexural strength of the celadon is 84.78MPa, the water absorption is 0.06%, and the bulk density is 2.47 g-cm -3 Or the firing temperature of the celadon is 1180 ℃, and the celadon has the flexural strength of 96.31MPa, the water absorption of 0.03 percent and the volume density of 2.50 g-cm -3 。
2. The high-strength energy-saving celadon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the proportion of the above Yu clay is 47.99-56.11 wt%.
3. The preparation method of the high-strength energy-saving celadon is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) ball milling the feedstock of claim 1 to a fineness;
(2) mixing the ball-milled raw materials by a rapid ball mill with a certain rotating speed according to the proportion of claim 1 or 2 to obtain a mixture, and sieving the mixture by a 200-250-mesh sieve;
(3) adding water with the mass being 5-10 wt% of the mixture into the mixture, granulating by adopting a spray granulation method, and sealing and ageing for 24-48 hours at normal temperature;
(4) prepressing the aged mixture by using a hydraulic press, wherein the pressure of the hydraulic press is 30-50 kN, and pressing by using an isostatic press, and the pressure of the isostatic press is 200-220 kN to prepare a green body;
(5) removing burrs at the corners of the pressed and molded green body, and then drying the green body in an oven at a constant temperature of 90-100 ℃ for 12-24 hours;
(6) placing the dried green body into a kiln for biscuiting, wherein the biscuiting temperature is 800 ℃;
(7) applying the celadon glaze on the biscuit-fired green body to form a celadon sample, and then placing the celadon sample in the air for drying for 12-24 hours;
(8) and (3) firing the glazed celadon sample in a kiln at 1160 or 1180 ℃ for 10-13 h.
4. The preparation method of high-strength energy-saving celadon as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fineness of the papaver clay in the step (1) is 325 meshes, and the fineness of the kaolin, the potash feldspar, the quartz and the talc is 200 meshes.
5. The preparation method of high-strength energy-saving celadon according to claim 3, wherein the rotation speed of the rapid ball mill in the step (2) is 700r/min or 900 r/min.
6. The preparation method of the high-strength energy-saving celadon according to claim 5, wherein the mixture is prepared by dry ball milling, a ball mill used in the preparation method is a corundum ceramic ball mill, and the mass ratio of the ball mill to the raw materials is 2: 1.
7. The preparation method of high-strength energy-saving celadon according to claim 3, wherein the firing temperature in the step (8) is as follows: the heating rate below 1000 ℃ is 5-10 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 20-30 min every 100 ℃, the heating rate above 1000 ℃ is 3-5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30-60 min every 100 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 15-30 min after the highest firing temperature is reached.
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