CN111299730A - U-shaped wire electrode electrolytic milling machining method - Google Patents
U-shaped wire electrode electrolytic milling machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111299730A CN111299730A CN202010249873.1A CN202010249873A CN111299730A CN 111299730 A CN111299730 A CN 111299730A CN 202010249873 A CN202010249873 A CN 202010249873A CN 111299730 A CN111299730 A CN 111299730A
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- shaped wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrolytic milling processing method of a U-shaped wire electrode, wherein the U-shaped wire electrode comprises an electrode body, the shape of the electrode body is designed into a U-shaped structure, and the U-shaped structure comprises two vertical edges and a bottom edge which are connected together; during electrolytic milling, the electrolytic processing device comprises a control module, a driving module, a power supply and the U-shaped wire electrode, the U-shaped wire electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the processing power supply, the workpiece is connected with the positive electrode of the processing power supply, the area to be processed of the workpiece is immersed in electrolyte in the electrolytic bath, the U-shaped wire electrode and the workpiece move relatively during processing, and when the U-shaped wire electrode is opposite to the workpiece, the workpiece is subjected to anodic electrochemical dissolution so as to cut off materials. The U-shaped wire electrode has the advantages of compact structure, convenient and quick installation, better flow of the used electrolyte, thorough discharge of the electrolysis product, high processing efficiency and simpler and more convenient adjustment of the electrode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, in particular to an electrolytic milling machining method for a U-shaped wire electrode.
Background
The electrochemical machining has a machining principle of removing materials in an ionic mode, and shows that the electrochemical machining technology has important development potential and application prospect in the field of micro-fabrication. The micro electrolytic milling technology is to eliminate metal material in ion level by means of micron size column electrode and multi-axis digital control motion based on the principle of anode dissolution of metal in electrolyte, and may be used in machining two-dimensional complicated shape and three-dimensional structure in the principle as shown in FIG. 5.
For the electrolytic machining of a three-dimensional cavity with a complex structure and a higher depth-to-width ratio, the electrolytic milling can be carried out in multiple layers. In the processing, the positive and negative poles of the nanosecond pulse power supply are respectively connected with a workpiece and a tool electrode, and the micro-electrolysis layering milling process can be divided into two stages: (1) feeding the electrode downwards along the Z axis to a machining stage; (2) and after the electrode is fed to the specified blood sucking layer thickness, carrying out a plane milling stage along the XY plane track. And after the plane milling is finished, vertically feeding downwards, and continuously milling according to layers until the processing is finished. The micro electrolytic milling comprises two-dimensional and three-dimensional structure processing, the two-dimensional processing can be divided into groove processing, cavity processing and the like, and the three-dimensional processing comprises complex cavity processing and molded surface processing.
Compared with the forming electrolytic machining, the electrolytic milling machining technology has the following advantages:
(1) the columnar electrode is adopted in electrolytic milling processing, so that the problem that a microelectrode with a complex shape is difficult to manufacture can be effectively solved;
(2) the electrolytic milling processing can solve the problems of difficult electrolytic forming processing and even impossible processing.
(3) In the electrolytic milling process, the rotation of the electrode can greatly improve the renewal of the electrolyte between electrodes, which is beneficial to the elimination of electrolytic products, thereby ensuring the stable processing process and effectively avoiding the occurrence of short circuit.
In summary, in the existing micro electrolytic layered milling process, the cylindrical electrode is adopted for electrolytic milling process, the maximum milling amount is limited by the size of the cylindrical electrode, when the material removing area is large, a complicated tool path design is required, and the processing path is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrolytic milling method for a U-shaped wire electrode, which solves the problems that in the prior art, the shape of a columnar electrode is limited, when a material removing area is large, the design of a tool path is complex, and the processing path is long.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a U-shaped wire electrode which comprises an electrode body, wherein the shape of the electrode body is designed to be a U-shaped structure, the U-shaped structure comprises two vertical edges and a bottom edge, and the vertical edges and the bottom edge are connected into a whole.
Further, the bottom side of the electrode body is specifically designed to be linear or circular arc.
Still further, the electrode body specifically adopts a solid electrode or a hollow tube electrode.
The electrolytic milling machining method by utilizing the U-shaped wire electrode specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, connecting the U-shaped wire electrode with a processing power supply cathode, wherein the control module is electrically connected with the driving module, the driving module is electrically connected with the U-shaped wire electrode, and the driving module drives the U-shaped wire electrode to move under the control of the control module;
immersing a region to be processed of the workpiece in electrolyte in the electrolytic bath, and connecting the workpiece with the positive electrode of a processing power supply; a liquid flushing pipe is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped wire electrode, and the electrolyte is flushed into a processing area from the liquid flushing pipe at a high speed;
and step three, when the electrolytic machining operation is carried out, the U-shaped wire electrode and the workpiece move relatively, and when the U-shaped wire electrode is opposite to the workpiece, the workpiece is subjected to anodic electrochemical dissolution so as to cut off materials.
Further, when the groove is electrolytically milled, the U-shaped wire electrode rotates to adjust the cutting angle with the workpiece and linearly feeds along the feeding direction, and the grooves with different widths are electrolytically milled by the U-shaped wire electrode.
Still further, when a round cavity is milled, the U-shaped wire electrode rotates 180 degrees, and the workpiece moves along the feeding direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention discloses a U-shaped wire electrode which comprises an electrode body, wherein the shape of the electrode body is designed into a U-shaped structure, and the U-shaped structure comprises two vertical edges and a bottom edge which are connected together; an electrolytic milling processing method utilizing the U-shaped wire electrode is characterized in that an electrolytic processing device comprises a control module, a driving module, a power supply and the U-shaped wire electrode, the U-shaped wire electrode is connected with a processing power supply cathode, a workpiece is connected with a processing power supply anode, a region to be processed of the workpiece is immersed in electrolyte in an electrolytic bath, the U-shaped wire electrode and the workpiece move relatively during processing, and when the U-shaped wire electrode is opposite to the workpiece, the workpiece is subjected to anodic electrochemical dissolution so as to cut off materials. Firstly, in the structure of the U-shaped wire electrode, the fluidity of electrolyte in a processing area is more sufficient in the processing process, and a liquid flushing pipe is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped wire electrode, so that the discharge of a product is facilitated, and the processing efficiency is improved; secondly, adjusting a machining cut-in angle by rotating the U-shaped wire electrode to realize quick adjustment of the milling amount so as to realize machining of different groove types; and when a symmetrical structure is machined, the motion track of the tool electrode is shorter, and the machining speed is higher. Generally, the U-shaped wire electrode has the advantages of compact structure, convenient and quick installation, better flow of electrolyte, thorough discharge of electrolysis products, high processing efficiency and simpler and more convenient adjustment of the electrode.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated in the following description with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped wire electrode electrolytic milling method of the present invention;
FIG. 2-1 is a first schematic diagram of a U-shaped wire electrode structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2-2 is a schematic diagram of a U-shaped wire electrode structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3-1 is a perspective view of the throughput adjustment of the present invention;
FIG. 3-2 is a schematic top view of the throughput adjustment of the present invention;
FIG. 4-1 is a schematic view of a groove cavity processing of the present invention;
FIG. 4-2 is a schematic view of a circular cavity fabrication process of the present invention;
4-3 are schematic views of the processing of the symmetrical cavity of the present invention;
FIG. 4-4 is a schematic view of a prior art cylindrical electrode processing symmetrical structure cavity;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prior art cylindrical electrode machining;
description of reference numerals: 1. an electrolytic cell; 2. an electrolyte; 3. a workpiece; 4. a U-shaped line electrode; 5. a liquid flushing pipe.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 2-1 and 2-2, a U-shaped wire electrode includes an electrode body, the electrode body is designed to be a U-shaped structure, the U-shaped structure includes two vertical edges and a bottom edge, and the vertical edges and the bottom edge are connected to each other to form a whole. Specifically, the bottom edge of the electrode body is designed to be linear or arc-shaped, the linear shape is mainly used for processing a groove shape with a right-angle bottom, and the arc-shaped shape is mainly used for processing a groove shape with a fillet. The electrode body specifically adopts solid electrodes or hollow tube electrodes, and the specific electrode body comprises two structures of solid electrode wires or hollow electrode tubes. If a tube electrode is used, a hole can be formed in the tube electrode, and the tube electrode is flushed with liquid.
As shown in fig. 1, 3-2, 4-1 and 4-2, an electrolytic milling method using the U-shaped wire electrode includes the following steps:
firstly, connecting the U-shaped wire electrode 4 with a processing power supply cathode, wherein the control module is electrically connected with the driving module, the driving module is electrically connected with the U-shaped wire electrode 4, and the driving module drives the U-shaped wire electrode 4 to move under the control of the control module;
immersing a region to be processed of the workpiece 3 in the electrolyte 2 in the electrolytic bath 1, and connecting the workpiece 3 with the positive electrode of a processing power supply; a liquid flushing pipe 5 is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped wire electrode 4, and the electrolyte 2 is flushed into a processing area from the liquid flushing pipe 5 at a high speed; the design of the liquid flushing pipe 5 is beneficial to discharging products, so that the processing efficiency is improved;
and step three, in the electrolytic machining operation, the U-shaped wire electrode 4 and the workpiece 3 move relatively, and when the U-shaped wire electrode 4 is opposite to the workpiece 3, the workpiece 3 is subjected to anodic electrochemical dissolution so as to cut off materials. The relative motion of the U-shaped wire electrode 4 and the workpiece 3 comprises the following steps: the U-shaped wire electrode and the workpiece move relatively along the feeding direction, and simultaneously, the U-shaped wire electrode and the workpiece move up and down relatively in a reciprocating mode. The U-shaped wire electrode and the workpiece move up and down in a reciprocating manner relatively, wherein the workpiece is fixed, and the U-shaped wire electrode moves up and down in a reciprocating manner; or the U-shaped wire electrode is not moved, and the workpiece moves up and down in a reciprocating manner; or the workpiece is not moved, the U-shaped wire electrode rotates and moves up and down in a reciprocating mode at the same time, and a circular cavity is machined.
As shown in fig. 3-1 and 3-2, when the cell is electrolytically milled, the U-shaped wire electrode 4 rotates to adjust the cutting angle with the workpiece and linearly feeds along the feeding direction, the U-shaped wire electrode 4 electrolytically mills the cells with different widths, the adjustment is convenient and fast, and the cells with different widths can be machined by the same type of electrode.
As shown in fig. 4-1, when milling a groove-shaped structure, the U-shaped wire electrode 4 rotates and linearly reciprocates along the feeding direction, and the workpiece moves up and down to realize the groove-shaped processing; or the U-shaped wire electrode 4 rotates and moves up and down, the workpiece linearly reciprocates along the feeding direction, and the U-shaped wire electrode 4 moves down to machine the next layer after finishing machining one layer.
When milling a round cavity, the U-shaped wire electrode 4 is rotated 180 degrees and the workpiece 3 is moved in the feed direction, as shown in fig. 4-2.
As shown in fig. 4-3, when a cavity structure with a symmetrical structure is milled, the machining time is shortened by using a shorter symmetrical motion trajectory of the U-shaped wire electrode 4, for example, when a pentagonal cavity is machined, the center of the U-shaped wire electrode is controlled to move along a machining path, and five parts a, b, c, d, and e can be machined in sequence. As shown in fig. 4-4, a route diagram of five angular positions a, b, c, d, and e along a five-pointed star is required for a cylindrical electrode processing route in the prior art, and the route diagram is processed from outside to inside in sequence, and the operation track is long, the processing time is long, and the resource waste is caused.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A U-shaped wire electrode is characterized in that: the electrode comprises an electrode body, wherein the shape of the electrode body is designed into a U-shaped structure, the U-shaped structure comprises two vertical edges and a bottom edge, and the vertical edges and the bottom edge are connected into a whole.
2. The U-shaped wire electrode of claim 1, wherein: the bottom edge of the electrode body is designed to be linear or circular arc.
3. The U-shaped wire electrode of claim 1, wherein: the electrode body specifically adopts a solid electrode or a hollow tube electrode.
4. An electrolytic milling machining method using the U-shaped wire electrode according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, connecting the U-shaped wire electrode (4) with a processing power supply cathode, wherein the control module is electrically connected with the driving module, the driving module is electrically connected with the U-shaped wire electrode (4), and the driving module drives the U-shaped wire electrode (4) to move under the control of the control module;
immersing a region to be processed of the workpiece (3) in the electrolyte (2) in the electrolytic bath (1), and connecting the workpiece (3) with the positive electrode of a processing power supply; a liquid flushing pipe (5) is arranged in the middle of the U-shaped wire electrode (4), and the electrolyte (2) is flushed into a processing area from the liquid flushing pipe (5) at a high speed;
and step three, in the electrolytic machining operation, the U-shaped wire electrode (4) and the workpiece (3) move relatively, and when the U-shaped wire electrode (4) is opposite to the workpiece (3), the workpiece (3) is subjected to anodic electrochemical dissolution so as to cut off materials.
5. The U-shaped wire electrode electrolytic milling machining method according to claim 4, characterized in that: when the groove is electrolytically milled, the U-shaped wire electrode (4) rotates to adjust the cutting angle with the workpiece, and linearly feeds along the feeding direction, and the U-shaped wire electrode (4) is electrolytically milled to process grooves with different widths.
6. The U-shaped wire electrode electrolytic milling machining method according to claim 4, characterized in that: when a round cavity is milled, the U-shaped wire electrode (4) rotates 180 degrees, and the workpiece (3) moves along the feeding direction.
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| CN202010249873.1A CN111299730A (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2020-04-01 | U-shaped wire electrode electrolytic milling machining method |
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2020
- 2020-04-01 CN CN202010249873.1A patent/CN111299730A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (11)
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| JPH09155646A (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-06-17 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Sample sampling method |
| JP2006326728A (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2006-12-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Electrical discharge cutting device |
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| US20090230093A1 (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-09-17 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Electrical discharge pocketing using loop type machining electrode |
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| CN108746903A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-06 | 南京林业大学 | Non-through formula is bent linear cutter device and method |
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